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- Englund, JI, et al.
(författare)
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Laminin alpha 5 regulates mammary gland remodeling through luminal cell differentiation and Wnt4-mediated epithelial crosstalk
- 2021
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Ingår i: Development (Cambridge, England). - : The Company of Biologists. - 1477-9129 .- 0950-1991. ; 148:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epithelial attachment to the basement membrane (BM) is essential for mammary gland development, yet the exact roles of specific BM components remain unclear. Here, we show that Laminin α5 (Lama5) expression specifically in the luminal epithelial cells is necessary for normal mammary gland growth during puberty, and for alveologenesis during pregnancy. Lama5 loss in the keratin 8-expressing cells results in reduced frequency and differentiation of hormone receptor expressing (HR+) luminal cells. Consequently, Wnt4-mediated crosstalk between HR+ luminal cells and basal epithelial cells is compromised during gland remodeling, and results in defective epithelial growth. The effects of Lama5 deletion on gland growth and branching can be rescued by Wnt4 supplementation in the in vitro model of branching morphogenesis. Our results reveal a surprising role for BM-protein expression in the luminal mammary epithelial cells, and highlight the function of Lama5 in mammary gland remodeling and luminal differentiation.
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| 3. |
- Englund, JI, et al.
(författare)
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Laminin matrix adhesion regulates basal mammary epithelial cell identity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of cell science. - : The Company of Biologists. - 1477-9137 .- 0021-9533. ; 135:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mammary epithelium is a bilayered ductal network composed of luminal and basal epithelial cells, which together drive the growth and functional differentiation of the gland. Basal mammary epithelial cells (MECs) exhibit remarkable plasticity and progenitor activity that facilitate epithelial expansion. However, their activity must be tightly regulated to restrict excess basal cell activity. Here, we show that adhesion of basal cells to laminin α5-containing basement membrane matrix, which is produced by luminal cells, presents such a control mechanism. Adhesion to laminin α5 directs basal cells towards a luminal cell fate, and thereby results in a marked decrease of basal MEC progenitor activity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, these effects are mediated through β4-integrin and activation of p21 (encoded by CDKN1A). Thus, we demonstrate that laminin matrix adhesion is a key determinant of basal identity and essential to building and maintaining a functional multicellular epithelium.
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- Moraitis, Michail, et al.
(författare)
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Securing CRYSTALS-Kyber in FPGA Using Duplication and Clock Randomization
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE design & test. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2168-2356 .- 2168-2364. ; 41:5, s. 7-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CRYSTALS-Kyber has been selected by the NIST as a post-quantum public-key encryption and key establishment algorithm to be standardized. This makes it important to develop side-channel attack resistant implementations of CRYSTALS-Kyber. In this paper, we propose utilizing duplication combined with clock randomization as a means of protecting CRYSTALS-Kyber FPGA implementations from side-channel attacks. Such a countermeasure has been proven effective in ensuring side-channel resistance of AES FPGA implementations. It has the benefits of universal coverage, glitch immunity, and zero clock cycle overhead. We present a protected version of CRYSTALS-Kyber built on the top of the lightweight unprotected implementation by Xing el al. Our security evaluation shows that the protected implementation is resistant to deep learning-based side-channel attacks.
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