| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:S08003
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS detector as installed in its experimental cavern at point 1 at CERN is described in this paper. A brief overview of the expected performance of the detector when the Large Hadron Collider begins operation is also presented.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Alexakis, Alexandros Efraim, et al.
(författare)
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Modification of cellulose through physisorption of cationic bio-based nanolatexes - comparing emulsion polymerization and RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly
- 2021
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Ingår i: Green Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9262 .- 1463-9270. ; 23:5, s. 2113-2122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The polymerization of a bio-based terpene-derived monomer, sobrerol methacrylate (SobMA), was evaluated in the design of polymeric nanoparticles (nanolatexes). Their synthesis was accomplished by using emulsion polymerization, either by free-radical polymerization in the presence of a cationic surfactant or a cationic macroRAFT agent by employing RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). By tuning the length of the hydrophobic polymer, it was possible to control the nanoparticle size between 70 and 110 nm. The average size of the latexes in both wet and dry state were investigated by microscopy imaging and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Additionally, SobMA was successfully copolymerized with butyl methacrylate (BMA) targeting soft-core nanolatexes. The comparison of the kinetic profile of the cationically stabilized nanolatexes highlighted the differences of both processes. The SobMA-based nanolatexes yielded high T-g similar to 120 degrees C, while the copolymer sample exhibited a lower T-g similar to 50 degrees C, as assessed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Thereafter, the nanolatexes were adsorbed onto cellulose (filter paper), where they were annealed at elevated temperatures to result in polymeric coatings. Their morphologies were analysed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and compared to a commercial sulfate polystyrene latex (PS latex). By microscopic investigation the film formation mechanism could be unravelled. Water contact angle (CA) measurements verified the transition from a hydrophilic to a hydrophobic surface after film formation had occured. The obtained results are promising for the toolbox of bio-based building blocks, focused on sobrerol-based monomers, to be used in emulsion polymerizations either for tailored PISA-latexes or facile conventional latex formation, in order to replace methyl methacrylate or other high T-g-monomers.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
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Academic self-efficacy : Associations with self-reported COVID-19 symptoms, mental health, and trust in universities' management of the pandemic-induced university lockdown
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of American College Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0744-8481 .- 1940-3208.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate perceived changes in academic self-efficacy associated with self-reported symptoms of COVID-19, changes in mental health, and trust in universities’ management of the pandemic and transition to remote education during lockdown of Swedish universities in the spring of 2020. Methods: 4495 participated and 3638 responded to self-efficacy questions. Associations were investigated using multinomial regression. Results: Most students reported self-experienced effects on self-efficacy. Lowered self-efficacy was associated with symptoms of contagion, perceived worsening of mental health and low trust in universities’ capacity to successfully manage the lockdown and transition to emergency remote education. Increased self-efficacy was associated with better perceived mental health and high trust in universities. Conclusion: The initial phase of the pandemic was associated with a larger proportion of students reporting self-experienced negative effects on academic self-efficacy. Since self-efficacy is a predictor of academic performance, it is likely that students’ academic performance will be adversely affected.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between compliance with covid-19 public health recommendations and perceived contagion in others : a self-report study in Swedish university students
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Research Notes. - : BioMed Central. - 1756-0500. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: During the COVID pandemic, government authorities worldwide have tried to limit the spread of the virus. Sweden's distinctive feature was the use of voluntary public health recommendations. Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of this strategy. Based on data collected in the spring of 2020, this study explored associations between compliance with recommendations and observed symptoms of contagion in others, using self-report data from university students.Results: Compliance with recommendations ranged between 69.7 and 95.7 percent. Observations of moderate symptoms of contagion in "Someone else I have had contact with" and "Another person" were markedly associated with reported self-quarantine, which is the most restrictive recommendation, complied with by 81.2% of participants. Uncertainty regarding the incidence and severity of contagion in cohabitants was markedly associated with the recommendation to avoid public transportation, a recommendation being followed by 69.7%. It is concluded that students largely followed the voluntary recommendations implemented in Sweden, suggesting that coercive measures were not necessary. Compliance with recommendations were associated with the symptoms students saw in others, and with the perceived risk of contagion in the student's immediate vicinity. It is recommended that voluntary recommendations should stress personal relevance, and that close relatives are at risk.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
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Does the management of personal integrity information lead to differing participation rates and response patterns in mental health surveys with young adults? A three-armed methodological experiment
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1049-8931 .- 1557-0657. ; 30:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This study evaluates whether initiation rates, completion rates, response patterns and prevalence of psychiatric conditions differ by level of personal integrity information given to prospective participants in an online mental health self-report survey.Methods: A three-arm, parallel-group, single-blind experiment was conducted among students from two Swedish universities. Consenting participants following e-mail invitation answered the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health-International College Student (WMH-ICS) mental health self-report survey, screening for eight psychiatric conditions. Random allocation meant consenting to respond (1) anonymously; (2) confidentially, or (3) confidentially, where the respondent also gave consent for collection of register data.Results: No evidence was found for overall between-group differences with respect to (1) pressing a hyperlink to the survey in the invitation email; and (2) abandoning the questionnaire before completion. However, participation consent and self-reported depression were in the direction of higher levels for the anonymous group compared to the two confidential groups.Conclusions: Consent to participate is marginally affected by different levels of personal integrity information. Current standard participant information procedures may not engage participants to read the information thoroughly, and online self-report mental health surveys may reduce stigma and thus be less subject to social desirability bias.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms of COVID-19 contagion in different social contexts in association to self-reported symptoms, mental health and study capacity in Swedish university students
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Research Notes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1756-0500. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The present study investigates if symptoms of COVID-19 contagion in different social contexts (cohabitants, family, acquaintances, and others) are associated with university students' own self-reported symptoms of COVID-19 contagion, mental health, and study capacity. This was investigated by a cross-sectional survey administrated in Sweden during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, at the time when universities were locked down to limit viral spread and contagion.Results: Mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19 in cohabitants and family members were associated with student’s self-reported symptoms of contagion, while no associations could be seen in relation to mental health and study capacity. Symptoms of COVID-19 contagion in acquaintances and others were not associated with students’ self-reported symptoms, nor with their mental health and study capacity.To conclude, during the initial lockdown of universities students’ self-reported symptoms of contagion were mainly associated with cohabitants and family members, while symptoms of contagion in different social contexts were not associated with mental health and study capacity. Findings suggest that lockdown of universities may have contributed to limiting infection pathways, while still allowing students to focus on their studies despite significant contagion among others known to the student.
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| 10. |
- Araghi, Marzieh, et al.
(författare)
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No association between moist oral snuff (snus) use and oral cancer : pooled analysis of nine prospective observational studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 49:8, s. 833-840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Worldwide, smokeless-tobacco use is a major risk factor for oral cancer. Evidence regarding the particular association between Swedish snus use and oral cancer is, however, less clear. We used pooled individual data from the Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus Use to assess the association between snus use and oral cancer.Methods: A total of 418,369 male participants from nine cohort studies were followed up for oral cancer incidence through linkage to health registers. We used shared frailty models with random effects at the study level, to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for confounding factors.Results: During 9,201,647 person-years of observation, 628 men developed oral cancer. Compared to never-snus use, ever-snus use was not associated with oral cancer (adjusted HR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.74, 1.09). There were no clear trends in risk with duration or intensity of snus use, although lower intensity use (<= 4 cans/week) was associated with a reduced risk (HR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.94). Snus use was not associated with oral cancer among never smokers (HR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.57, 1.32).Conclusions: Swedish snus use does not appear to be implicated in the development of oral cancer in men.
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| 11. |
- Araghi, Marzieh, et al.
(författare)
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Smokeless tobacco (snus) use and colorectal cancer incidence and survival : Results from nine pooled cohorts
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 45:8, s. 741-748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Although smoking is considered to be an established risk factor for colorectal cancer, the current evidence on the association between smokeless tobacco and colorectal cancer is scant and inconclusive. We used pooled individual data from the Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus Use to assess this association.METHODS: A total of 417,872 male participants from nine cohort studies across Sweden were followed up for incidence of colorectal cancer and death. Outcomes were ascertained through linkage to health registers. We used shared frailty models with random effects at the study level to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS: During 7,135,504 person-years of observation, 4170 men developed colorectal cancer. There was no clear association between snus use and colorectal cancer overall. Exclusive current snus users, however, had an increased risk of rectal cancer (HR 1.40: 95% CI 1.09, 1.79). There were no statistically significant associations between snus use and either all-cause or colorectal cancer-specific mortality after colorectal cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, from a large sample, do not support any strong relationships between snus use and colorectal cancer risk and survival among men. However, the observed increased risk of rectal cancer is noteworthy, and in merit of further attention.
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| 12. |
- Araghi, Marzieh, et al.
(författare)
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Use of moist oral snuff (snus) and pancreatic cancer : Pooled analysis of nine prospective observational studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 141:4, s. 687-693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While smoking is a well-established risk factor for pancreatic cancer, the effect of smokeless tobacco is less well understood. We used pooled individual data from the Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus Use to assess the association between Swedish snus use and the risk of pancreatic cancer. A total of 424,152 male participants from nine cohort studies were followed up for risk of pancreatic cancer through linkage to health registers. We used shared frailty models with random effects at the study level, to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for confounding factors. During 9,276,054 person-years of observation, 1,447 men developed pancreatic cancer. Compared to never-snus use, current snus use was not associated with risk of pancreatic cancer (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.83-1.11) after adjustment for smoking. Swedish snus use does not appear to be implicated in the development of pancreatic cancer in men. Tobacco smoke constituents other than nicotine or its metabolites may account for the relationship between smoking and pancreatic cancer. What's new? While smoking is a well-established risk factor for pancreatic cancer, the effect of smokeless tobacco is less well understood. Smokeless tobacco like snus yields lower exposure to tobacco carcinogens compared with smoking, because it does not undergo combustion, but delivers an equivalent dose of nicotine. Using pooled individual data from the Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus Use, here the authors show that Swedish snus use does not appear to be implicated in the development of pancreatic cancer in men. Tobacco smoke constituents other than nicotine or its metabolites may account for the relationship between smoking and pancreatic cancer.
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| 13. |
- Asswad, Amjad Ghazal, et al.
(författare)
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Delayed, Unprovoked, Hemodynamic Collapse with Following Asystole in a Pediatric Patient Following a High-Voltage Injury : A Case Report and Literature Review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 43:5, s. 1163-1168
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrical incidents are common and mostly uneventful, though can be severe and sometimes lethal. Aside from skin, muscle and soft tissue damage, electrical injuries can cause cardiac arrhythmias, the most common cardiac complication. The case of a 14-year-old girl who sustained 48.5% TBSA burns following a high-voltage electrical injury is described. She suffered five episodes of asystole 78 h following the injury, requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The cause of the delayed asystole was investigated and a PubMed literature search was conducted to explore late presenting cardiac sequelae following electrical injuries. This yielded fifteen studies, identified as relevant, of high quality and in the English language. These studies included a total of 1411 patients of whom only 3 were found to have had late potentially lethal arrhythmias, all manifesting within the first 24 h after the injury. Of these patients, 32 suffered cardiac arrests shortly after the electrical injury, 11 of which were documented as asystolic arrests though these were all from a single study with the rural locale and prolonged delay in arrival to the hospital setting contributing to this finding. To our knowledge, this is the only pediatric cardiac arrest developing in a stable patient over 72 h following the initial electrical injury. No other patient has suffered any significant cardiac complications first presenting outside the initial 24-h period following the electrical injury. Guidelines and recommendations on post electrical injury observation of patient vary and further research into this field is required to allow for guidance unification.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Balestra, F., et al.
(författare)
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NANOSIL network of excellence-silicon-based nanostructures and nanodevices for long-term nanoelectronics applications
- 2008
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Ingår i: Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1369-8001 .- 1873-4081. ; 11:5-6, s. 148-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NANOSIL Network of Excellence [NANOSIL NoE web site < www.nanosil-noe.eu >], funded by the European Commission in the 7th Framework Programme (ICT-FP7, no 216171), aims at European scale integration of the excellent European research laboratories and their capabilities in order to strengthen scientific and technological excellence in the field of nanoelectronic materials and devices for terascale integrated circuits (ICs), and to disseminating the results in a wide scientific and industrial community. NANOSIL is exploring and assessing the science and technological aspects of nanodevices and operational regimes relevant to the n+4 technology node and beyond. It encompasses projects on nanoscale CMOS and beyond-CMOS. Innovative concepts, technologies and device architectures are proposed-with fabrication down to the finest features, and utilising a wide spectrum of advanced deposition and processing capabilities, extensive characterization and very rigorous device modeling. This work is carried out through a network of joint processing, characterization and modeling platforms. This critical interaction strengthens European integration in nanoelectronics and will speed up technological innovation for the nanoelectronics of the next two to three decades.
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| 16. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of interface electron state distributions at directly bonded silicon/silicon interfaces
- 1990
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Ingår i: ESSDERC 90. 20th European Solid State Device Research Conference. ; , s. 1-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurement methods for characterizing the electrical properties of directly bonded Si/Si n/n-type or p/p-type interfaces are presented. The density of interface states in the bandgap of the semiconductor and the density of interface charges at the bonded interface are determined from measurements of current and capacitance vs. applied voltage
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| 17. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Charge densities at silicon interfaces prepared by wafer bonding
- 1990
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Ingår i: 1990 IEEE SOS/SOI Technology Conference.. ; , s. 77-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is found that Si/Si and Si/SiO2 interfaces exhibit different interface charge properties when bonded at comparable temperatures and surface treatments. Thermally grown oxides were bonded to bare silicon surfaces and the bonded Si/SiO2 interface was investigated on MOS-structures by the C-V technique. Interfaces prepared at temperatures in the range 900-1100°c exhibited U-shaped interface state densities. Si/Si samples were prepared using a hydrophilizing surface treatment before wafer bonding. At the same annealing temperatures, the interface state densities of the bonded Si/Si interfaces were in the range 1011-1013 cm-2 eV-1. Si/Si interfaces are found to be very sensitive to prebond chemical treatment, while Si/SiO2 interfaces are not. Native oxides at bonded silicon interfaces have a more pronounced influence on Si/Si interfaces than on Si/SiO2 interfaces
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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IC process compatible preparation of silicon interfaces using the silicon-to-silicon direct bonding method
- 1989
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Ingår i: ESSDERC '89. 19th European Solid State Devices Research Conference. ; , s. 353-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Silicon/silicon interfaces were prepared by wafer bonding using the silicon-to-silicon direct bonding method. Silicon/silicon interfaces (n/n-type) with excellent electric properties were prepared, by using hydrophobic wafer surfaces, at temperatures in the range of 700°C to 1000°C. The influence of the bonded interface on device characteristics of bonded p+n junctions prepared at low temperatures was seen as n-factors larger than 2 at forward bias. A correlation between n-factors and the density of states in the bandgap was found. In hydrophilic samples, the density of voids at the bonded interface was determined mainly in the contacting of the wafer surfaces at room temperature. Compared to hydrophilic samples, hydrophobic samples were held together at a smaller fraction of the area before heat treatment. After the heat treatments, no difference in the density of voids was found
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Oxide degradation of wafer bonded MOS capacitors following Fowler-Nordheim electron injection
- 1992
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Semiconductor Wafer Bonding: Science, Technology and Applications. ; , s. 339-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The degradation of wafer bonded silicon dioxides as a result of Fowler-Nordheim electron injection has been studied. The samples were MOS capacitors with wafer bonded SiO2-SiO2 interfaces at the oxide center. The charge trapping in the oxide and the Si-SiO2 interface state generation were monitored as a function of injected charge and compared to reference MOS capacitors without bonded interfaces. A larger change in the oxide charge was found in the bonded capacitors as compared to the reference structures. The centroid of trapped negative oxide charge was found to be located close to the SiO2-SiO2 interface in the bonded structures, while the reference structures exhibited centroids close to the injecting contact. The electron injection caused approximately the same generation of interface states in both groups of capacitors
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Berglund, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Digitizer
- 1999
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Ingår i: 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. ; 2, s. 760-764, s. 255-259
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 27. |
- Berglund, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Digitizer
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; :3, s. P01004-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 28. |
- Berman, Anne H., Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Compliance with recommendations limiting COVID-19 contagion among university students in Sweden : associations with self-reported symptoms, mental health and academic self-efficacy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50:1, s. 70-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The COVID-19 containment strategy in Sweden uses public health recommendations relying on personal responsibility for compliance. Universities were one of few public institutions subject to strict closure, meaning that students had to adapt overnight to online teaching. This study investigates the prevalence of self-reported recommendation compliance and associations with self-reported symptoms of contagion, self-experienced effects on mental health and academic self-efficacy among university students in Sweden in May–June 2020.Methods: This was a cross-sectional 23 question online survey in which data were analysed by multinomial regression, taking a Bayesian analysis approach complemented by null hypothesis testing.Results: A total of 4495 students consented to respond. Recommendation compliance ranged between 70% and 96%. Women and older students reported higher compliance than did men and younger students. Mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms were reported by 30%, severe symptoms by fewer than 2%; 15% reported being uncertain and half of the participants reported no symptoms. Mental health effects were reported by over 80%, and changes in academic self-efficacy were reported by over 85%; in both these areas negative effects predominated. Self-reported symptoms and uncertainty about contagion were associated with non-compliance, negative mental health effects, and impaired academic self-efficacy.Conclusions: Students generally followed public health recommendations during strict closure of universities, but many reported considerable negative consequences related to mental health and academic self-efficacy. Digital interventions should be developed and evaluated to boost coping skills, build resilience and alleviate student suffering during the pandemic and future similar crises.
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| 29. |
- Berman, Anne H., Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Transdiagnostic and tailored internet intervention to improve mental health among university students : Research protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: Trials. - : Springer Nature. - 1745-6215. ; 25:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Emerging adulthood is often associated with mental health problems. About one in three university students report symptoms of depression and anxiety that can negatively affect their developmental trajectory concerning work, intimate relationships, and health. This can interfere with academic performance, as mood and anxiety disorders are key predictors of dropout from higher education. A treatment gap exists, where a considerable proportion of students do not seek help for mood and anxiety symptoms. Offering internet interventions to students with mental health problems could reduce the treatment gap, increase mental health, and improve academic performance. A meta-analysis on internet interventions for university students showed small effects for depression and none for anxiety. Larger trials are recommended to further explore effects of guidance, transdiagnostic approaches, and individual treatment components.Methods: This study will offer 1200 university students in Sweden participation in a three-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating a guided or unguided transdiagnostic internet intervention for mild to moderate depression and anxiety, where the waitlist control group accesses the intervention at 6-month follow-up. Students reporting suicidal ideation/behaviors will be excluded and referred to treatment within the existing healthcare system. An embedded study within the trial (SWAT) will assess at week 3 of 8 whether participants in the guided and unguided groups are at higher risk of failing to benefit from treatment. Those at risk will be randomized to an adaptive treatment strategy, or to continue the treatment as originally randomized. Primary outcomes are symptoms of depression and anxiety. Follow-ups will occur at post-treatment and at 6-, 12-, and 24-month post-randomization. Between-group outcome analyses will be reported, and qualitative interviews about treatment experiences are planned.Discussion: This study investigates the effects of a transdiagnostic internet intervention among university students in Sweden, with an adaptive treatment strategy employed during the course of treatment to minimize the risk of treatment failure. The study will contribute knowledge about longitudinal trajectories of mental health and well-being following treatment, taking into account possible gender differences in responsiveness to treatment. With time, effective internet interventions could make treatment for mental health issues more widely accessible to the student group.
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| 30. |
- Blasco, Pilar, et al.
(författare)
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Conformational Dynamics of the Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O91 Revealed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Molecular Simulations
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 56:29, s. 3826-3839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The outer leaflet of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria contains lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as a major component, and the outer membrane provides a physical barrier and protection against hostile environments. The enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli of serogroup O91 has an O-antigen polysaccharide (PS) with five sugar residues in the repeating unit (RU), and the herein studied O-antigen PS contains similar to 10 RUs. H-1-C-13 HSQC-NOESY experiments on a 1-C-13-labeled PS were employed to deduce H-1-H-1 cross-relaxation rates and transglycosidic (3)J(CH) related to the psi torsional angles were obtained by H-1-H-1 NOESY experiments. Dynamical parameters were calculated from the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the PS in solution and compared to those from C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation studies. Importantly, the MD simulations can reproduce the dynamical behavior of internal correlation times along the PS chain. Two-dimensional free energy surfaces of glycosidic torsion angles delineate the conformational space available to the O-antigen. Although similar with respect to populated states in solution, the O-antigen in LPS bilayers has more extended chains as a result of spatial limitations due to close packing. Calcium ions are highly abundant in the phosphate-containing core region mediating LPS LPS association that is crucial for maintaining bilayer integrity, and the negatively charged O-antigen promotes a high concentration of counterbalancing potassium ions. The ensemble of structures present for the PS in solution is captured by the NMR experiments, and the similarities between the O-antigen on its own and as a constituent of the full LPS in a bilayer environment make it possible to realistically describe the LPS conformation and dynamics from the MD simulations.
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| 31. |
- Bonmann, Marlene, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of oxide traps on channel transport characteristics in graphene field effect transistors
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures. - : American Vacuum Society. - 2166-2754 .- 2166-2746. ; 35:1, s. 01A115-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A semiempirical model describing the influence of interface states on characteristics of gatecapacitance and drain resistance versus gate voltage of top gated graphene field effect transistors ispresented. By fitting our model to measurements of capacitance–voltage characteristics and relatingthe applied gate voltage to the Fermi level position, the interface state density is found. Knowing theinterface state density allows us to fit our model to measured drain resistance–gate voltagecharacteristics. The extracted values of mobility and residual charge carrier concentration arecompared with corresponding results from a commonly accepted model which neglects the effect ofinterface states. The authors show that mobility and residual charge carrier concentration differsignificantly, if interface states are neglected. Furthermore, our approach allows us to investigate indetail how uncertainties in material parameters like the Fermi velocity and contact resistanceinfluence the extracted values of interface state density, mobility, and residual charge carrierconcentration.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Byhamre, Marja Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish snus use is associated with mortality : a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 49:6, s. 2041-2050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The health consequences of the use of Swedish snus, including its relationship with mortality, have not been fully established. We investigated the relationship between snus use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality (death due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer diseases and all other reasons, respectively) in a nationwide collaborative pooling project.METHODS: We followed 169 103 never-smoking men from eight Swedish cohort studies, recruited in 1978-2010. Shared frailty models with random effects at the study level were used in order to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of mortality associated with snus use.RESULTS: Exclusive current snus users had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.20-1.35), cardiovascular mortality (aHR 1.27, 95% CI 1.15-1.41) and other cause mortality (aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.24-1.52) compared with never-users of tobacco. The risk of cancer mortality was also increased (aHR 1.12, 95% CI 1.00-1.26). These mortality risks increased with duration of snus use, but not with weekly amount.CONCLUSIONS: Snus use among men is associated with increased all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, with death from other causes and possibly with increased cancer mortality.
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| 34. |
- Diehl, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Protein Flexibility and Conformational Entropy in Ligand Design Targeting the Carbohydrate Recognition Domain of Galectin-3.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5126 .- 0002-7863. ; 132, s. 14577-14589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rational drug design is predicated on knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of the protein-ligand complex and the thermodynamics of ligand binding. Despite the fundamental importance of both enthalpy and entropy in driving ligand binding, the role of conformational entropy is rarely addressed in drug design. In this work, we have probed the conformational entropy and its relative contribution to the free energy of ligand binding to the carbohydrate recognition domain of galectin-3. Using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, and X-ray crystallography, we characterized the binding of three ligands with dissociation constants ranging over 2 orders of magnitude. (15)N and (2)H spin relaxation measurements showed that the protein backbone and side chains respond to ligand binding by increased conformational fluctuations, on average, that differ among the three ligand-bound states. Variability in the response to ligand binding is prominent in the hydrophobic core, where a distal cluster of methyl groups becomes more rigid, whereas methyl groups closer to the binding site become more flexible. The results reveal an intricate interplay between structure and conformational fluctuations in the different complexes that fine-tunes the affinity. The estimated change in conformational entropy is comparable in magnitude to the binding enthalpy, demonstrating that it contributes favorably and significantly to ligand binding. We speculate that the relatively weak inherent protein-carbohydrate interactions and limited hydrophobic effect associated with oligosaccharide binding might have exerted evolutionary pressure on carbohydrate-binding proteins to increase the affinity by means of conformational entropy.
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| 35. |
- Dorst, Kevin, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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On the influence of solvent on the stereoselectivity of glycosylation reactions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Research. - 0008-6215 .- 1873-426X. ; 535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methodology development in carbohydrate chemistry entails the stereoselective formation of C-O bonds as a key step in the synthesis of oligo- and polysaccharides. The anomeric selectivity of a glycosylation reaction is affected by a multitude of parameters, such as the nature of the donor and acceptor, activator/promotor system, temperature and solvent. The influence of different solvents on the stereoselective outcome of glycosylation reactions employing thioglucopyranosides as glycosyl donors with a non-participating protecting group at position 2 has been studied. A large change in selectivity as a function of solvent was observed and a correlation between selectivity and the Kamlet-Taft solvent parameter pi* was found. Furthermore, molecular modeling using density functional theory methodology was conducted to decipher the role of the solvent and possible reaction pathways were investigated.
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| 36. |
- Ducroquet, F., et al.
(författare)
-
Admittance spectroscopy of Si/LaLuO3 and Si/GdSiO MOS Structures (Invited)
- 2012
-
Ingår i: ECS Transactions. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 1938-5862 .- 1938-6737. ; 45:3, s. 103 - 117
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interface states at the gate oxide/channel of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors generally result in detrimental effects on the device performance which need to be considered for the new generations of high-k dielectrics. In this paper, the admittance of Gadolinium silicate (GdSiO) and Lanthanum Lutetium oxide (LaLuO3) MOS capacitors were investigated as a function of the signal frequency, temperature and gate voltage. The Arrhenius plots of the peak pulsations extracted from the conductance spectra have been discussed on the bases of simulated data taking into account a distribution of the trap energy levels and a thermally enhanced capture cross-section. The consequences of a peaked interface state distribution on the evolution of activation energies are shown to lead to Arrhenius plots following the Meyer-Neldel Rule.
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| 37. |
- Egerstedt, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Profiling of the plasma proteome across different stages of human heart failure
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 5830-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heart failure (HF) is a major public health problem characterized by inability of the heart to maintain sufficient output of blood. The systematic characterization of circulating proteins across different stages of HF may provide pathophysiological insights and identify therapeutic targets. Here we report application of aptamer-based proteomics to identify proteins associated with prospective HF incidence in a population-based cohort, implicating modulation of immunological, complement, coagulation, natriuretic and matrix remodeling pathways up to two decades prior to overt disease onset. We observe further divergence of these proteins from the general population in advanced HF, and regression after heart transplantation. By leveraging coronary sinus samples and transcriptomic tools, we describe likely cardiac and specific cellular origins for several of the proteins, including Nt-proBNP, thrombospondin-2, interleukin-18 receptor, gelsolin, and activated C5. Our findings provide a broad perspective on both cardiac and systemic factors associated with HF development.
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| 38. |
- Elvstam, Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between HIV viremia during antiretroviral therapy and cardiovascular disease
- 2022
-
Ingår i: AIDS (London, England). - 1473-5571. ; 36:13, s. 1829-1834
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between HIV viremia exposure during antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.DESIGN: Nationwide observational cohort.METHODS: Participants (age > 15 years) from the Swedish nationwide InfCareHIV register initiating ART 1996-2017 were categorized in a time-updated manner into four viremia categories, starting from 12 months after ART initiation: suppression (<50 copies/ml), low-level viremia (50-199 copies/ml and 200-999 copies/ml, respectively), and high-level viremia (≥1000 copies/ml). In addition, cumulative viremia was estimated as the area under the log viral load (VL) curve. Proportional subhazard models adjusted for sex, age, pre-ART CD4 and VL, injection drug use, and country of birth were used to analyze the association between viremia exposure and CVD risk (ischemic heart disease, stroke, and heart failure; data obtained by linkage to national registers), accounting for the competing risk of non-CVD death.RESULTS: In all, 337 cases of CVD were observed during 44 937 person-years of follow-up (n = 6562). Higher viremia exposure was associated with CVD, both when parameterized as cumulative viremia (adjusted subhazard ratio [aSHR] per 1 log10 copy × year/ml, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.05) and as viremia category (aSHR for high-level viremia versus suppression, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.03-2.05). We observed no association between CVD and low-level viremia compared with those with suppression.CONCLUSIONS: Higher exposure to HIV viremia was linked to CVD in ART recipients, whereas no increased risk was detected for people with low-level viremia compared with viral suppression. Causal inference is limited by the observational nature of this study.
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| 39. |
- Engström, Arne, et al.
(författare)
-
From Henschen to Middletown Mathematics : Swedish Research on Low Achievement in mathematics
- 2010
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Ingår i: The First Sourcebook on Nordic Research in Mathematics Education: Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Denmark and Contributions from Finland (HC). - Charlotte, NC : Information Age Publishing. - 9781617350993 ; , s. 333-346
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter presents a summary of Swedish research on low achievement in mathematics from the first systematic studies of arithmetic disorder done by Salomon Eberhard Henschen to the Middletown studies carried out almost 90 years later. Henschen's case studies challenged the prevalent localization of math ability to a single brain region. He coins the term acalculia and demonstrated the complexity of mathematics as a cognitive construct. During the 1950s, Olof Magne introduced Swedish research on low achievement in mathematics with his extensive Gothenburg Studies, with 6,000 students involved. The Mathematics Clinics project tested special education methods in mathematics. The Middletown study is an investigation of students' mathematical achievements in the compulsory school system of a Swedish municipality during a period of 25 years
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| 40. |
- Engström, Arne, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Medelsta-matematik : Hur väl behärskar grundskolans elever lärostoffet enligt Lgr 69, Lgr 80 och Lpo 94?
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- - Sammanfattning -Föreliggande rapport presenterar resultatet av en studie som sträcker sig över 25 år. Matematikkunskaperna hos alla grundskoleelever i en kommun har studerats vid tre olika tillfällen: 1977, 1986 och 2002. Medelsta, är en genomsnittlig kommun och grundskolan omfattar runt 2000 elever.Under tiden för studiens genomförande har tre olika läroplaner varit i kraft: Lgr 69, Lgr 80 samt Lpo 94. Läroplanerna skiljer sig åt i flera avseenden. Trots kritik som riktats mot läroplanerna under åren har tidigare ingen utvärdering gjorts av det faktiska utfallet av de olika läroplanerna.Medelsta-diagnoserna som har använts har tagits fram i samarbete med lärare i kommunen och avsikten var att täcka de elementära delarna av lärokursen i grundskolan. Varje uppgift analyserades från två utgångspunkter: dels specificerades uppgiftens årskurstillhörighet, dels klassificerades innehållet enligt de huvudområden som tillhör Magne-Thörns taxonomi.En huvudhypotes anses bekräftad: eleverna tenderar att lösa årskurstypiska uppgifter med allt lägre lösningsfrekvenser successivt under grundskoleåren. Det är framför allt de lägst presterande eleverna som drabbas av detta. Man kan här tala om en gradvis utslagning av dessa elever.Ett oväntat resultat var att lösningsfrekvenserna uppgift för uppgift och årskurs för årskurs i allt väsentligt var lika de tre åren. Det tycks som om läroplanerna spelar en försumbar roll för undervisningens resultat.
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| 41. |
- Engström, Arne, et al.
(författare)
-
Medelsta-matematik III : Eleverna räknar
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Föreliggande studie utgör del III av undersökningarna om Medelsta-matematik. Den första delen publicerades 1990 och omfattade undersökningsåren 1977 och 1986. En andra del omfattande åren 1977, 1986 samt 2002 publicerades 2003. I del III presenteras en fördjupad undersökning av de 15 procent lägst presterande eleverna i Medelsta. I rapporten betecknas dessa elever som elever med särskilda utbildningsbehov i matematik, SUM. I 2003 års studie redovisades att den genomsnittliga prestationen för den 15 procent lägst presterande vid slutet av årskurs 9, motsvarade en genomsnittselev i årskurs fyra. Dessa skillnader i elevernas färdigheter kan observeras tidigt. I årskurs 3 motsvarar SUM-elevernas genomsnittliga prestationer vad en normal elev i årskurs 1 presterar. Skillnaderna ökar under skolåren och när SUM-eleverna nått slutet av grundskolan är de för länge sedan utslagna från skolans matematikundervisning. I rapporten redovisas också en jämförelse mellan elever med relativt sett höga prestationer och SUM-elever samt en kvalitativ studie av SUM-elevernas matematikkunskaper. En genomgripande förändring synes nödvändig omfattande skolans styrdokument, existerande undervisningspraxis i riktning mot vardagskunskaper samt en satsning på utvecklingsarbete och forskning om undervisning av SUM-elever.
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| 42. |
- Engström, Arne, et al.
(författare)
-
Medelsta-matematik IV : En empirisk analys av Skolverkets förslag till mål att uppnå i matematik för årskurs 3
- 2008
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Olika utredningar har pekat på brister i mål- och uppföljningssystemet för grundskolan. En rad förändringar av skolans styrsystem är därför aviserade eller redan beslutade av statsmakterna. En av dessa är införandet av nationella mål och prov för årskurs 3.Skolverket fick i november 2006 i uppdrag att föreslå mål och nationella prov i matematik och svenska för årskurs 3. I december 2007 överlämnade Skolverkets sitt slutliga förslag till regeringen. I föreliggande rapport analyseras Skolverkets förslag till mål att uppnå i matematik för årskurs 3. Analysen görs utifrån det empiriska forskningsmaterialet som tagits fram inom ramen för Medelsta-projektet.Vid en jämförelse med vad elever i årskurs 3 faktiskt presterar kan slutsatsen dras att Skolverkets förslag saknar realism. Endast eleverna över medianen kan förutses klara alla mål i Skolverkets förslag. Orsaken kan sökas i förslagets bristande förankring i empirisk forskning. Rapporten understryker vikten av att politiska beslut baseras på ett faktaunderlag. Den utbildningsvetenskapliga forskningen kan här ge ett viktigt bidrag. Inom en årskurs är spridningen stor mellan de lägst och de högst presterande eleverna. Redan i årskurs 3 är skillnaden flera årskurser. Denna stora variation bör formuleras som ett grundläggande pedagogiskt dilemma, något som inte kan lösas, men som likväl måste hanteras.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Engström, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Bipolar disorder I. Temperament and character
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 82:1, s. 131-134
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The nature of the relationship between personality and bipolar affective disorders is an important but unanswered question. Methods: We have studied personality in bipolar patients by using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). TCI were administered to 100 euthymic bipolar patients and 100 controls from the normal population.Results: Bipolar patients were significantly higher in harm avoidance (HA) and lower in reward dependence (RD), self-directedness (SD), and cooperativeness (CO) than controls. Bipolar patients are more fatigable, less sentimental, more independent, less purposeful, less resourceful, less empathic, less helpful, less pure-hearted, and have less impulse control than controls. Bipolar II patients are more impulsive, more fatigable, less resourceful, and have less impulse control than bipolar I patients.Limitations: Our results are limited to euthymic bipolar patients and cannot be generalized to affective disorders.Conclusions: Even when clinically euthymic on lithium maintenance, bipolar patients continue to have a characteristic cognitive deficit. This is in agreement with cognitive theories about cognitive deficits in depression that are regarded as important vulnerability factors in mood disorders.
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| 45. |
- Engström, C, et al.
(författare)
-
Bipolar disorder. II : Personality and age of onset
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Bipolar Disorders. - : Wiley. - 1398-5647 .- 1399-5618. ; 5:5, s. 340-348
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine whether personality i.e. temperament and character interacts with age of onset in bipolar disorder. Methods: Bipolar patients were recruited among in- and outpatients from lithium dispensaries of northern Sweden. Patients were diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria for bipolar disorder type I and II. Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was used for measuring personality. TCI was administered to 100 lithium treated bipolar patients and 100 controls. Results: Treatment response was significantly lower (p = 0.005) in patients with early onset compared with late onset. Family history (p = 0.013) and suicide attempts (p = 0.001) were also significantly more common in patients with early onset. Further, patients with early onset were significantly higher (p = 0.045) in the temperament factor harm avoidance (HA) than patients with late onset, but the difference was weak. Patients with early onset had more fear of uncertainty (HA2, P = 0.022) and were more shy (HA3, p = 0.030). Bipolar I patients showed similar results as those in the total bipolar group (I and II), with significantly higher HA (p = 0.019, moderate difference), HA2 (p = 0.015) and HA3 (p = 0.043) in patients with early onset compared with late onset. Bipolar II patients showed no differences between early and late age of onset but the groups are small and the results are therefore uncertain. Conclusions: Early age of onset in bipolar disorder was correlated to an increase in severity, family history, poorer treatment response and poorer prognosis. Early onset was also correlated to personality.
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| 46. |
- Engström, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Bipolar disorder. III : harm avoidance a risk factor for suicide attempts
- 2004
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Ingår i: Bipolar Disorders. - Copenhagen : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 1398-5647 .- 1399-5618. ; 6:2, s. 130-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine whether personality, i.e. temperament and character influence suicide attempts in bipolar patients.Methods: Bipolar patients were recruited from lithium dispensaries. Temperament and character inventory (TCI) was administered to 100 euthymic bipolar patients and 100 controls.Results: Age of onset was significantly lower in patients with suicide attempts in the total bipolar group (I and II) and bipolar I patients compared with patients without suicide attempts. Bipolar (I and II) and bipolar I patients with suicide attempts were significantly higher in harm avoidance (HA) and reward dependence compared with patients without suicide attempts. Patients (I and II) with suicide attempts had significantly more anticipatory worry, fatigability and asthenia than patients without suicide attempts. Bipolar I patients with suicide attempts had significantly more fatigability and asthenia and were more dependent than patients without suicide attempts. HA was lowest in patients with no suicide attempts and no family history of suicide, higher in patients with family history of suicide or patients with suicide attempts, and significantly highest in patients with suicide attempts and family history of suicide. Patients with suicide attempts and family history of suicide had more anticipatory worry, fatigability and asthenia. Bipolar disorder was significantly correlated to HA and suicide attempts to HA and PS. Family history of suicide and gender were significantly correlated to suicide attempts.Conclusions: Age of onset, HA, PS, gender and family history of suicide had a moderate to very strong effect on suicide attempts in bipolar patients.
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| 47. |
- Engström, Carl Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
Thord Mellgren skär spånfåglar
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Hantverkslaboratoriets filmkanal på Youtube.
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Thord Mellgren i Hova är tredje generation som skär spånfåglar i färsk asp. I filmen visas okommenterat Thords arbete med att utforma spånfåglarna. En film av Carl Olof Engström. Filmen gjordes på Hantverkslaboratoriets kortkurs i dokumentär filmteknik för hemslöjdskonsulenter år 2013. Kursledare: Anders Lundvang.
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| 48. |
- Engström, Carl-Peter, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Functional status and well being in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with regard to clinical parameters and smoking: a descriptive and comparative study.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Thorax. - 0040-6376. ; 51:8, s. 825-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Self-assessment questionnaires which measure the functional and affective consequences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) give valuable information about the effects of the disease and may serve as important tools with which to evaluate treatment. METHODS: A cross sectional comparative study was performed between patients with COPD (n = 68), stratified according to pulmonary function, and a healthy control group (n = 89). A battery of well established clinical and quality of life measures (the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), Mood Adjective Check List (MACL), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD)) was used to examine in which functional and affective aspects the patient group differed from the control group and how these measures related to pulmonary function and smoking habits. RESULTS: Compared with the controls, COPD affected functional status in most areas, not just those requiring physical activity. Forty six patients with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) below 50% predicted showed particularly high levels of dysfunction in ambulation, eating, home management, and recreation/ pastimes (SIP). Despite this, their level of psychosocial functioning and mood status was little different from that of the healthy controls. Among the patients, a subgroup reported substantial psychological distress, but mood status was only weakly, or not at all, related to pulmonary function. Smoking habits did not affect functional status or well being. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life is not significantly affected in patients with mild to moderate loss of pulmonary function, possibly due to coping and/or pulmonary reserve capacity. This suggests that generic self-assessment questionnaires are of limited value for detecting the early consequences of COPD. However, in later stages of the disease they are sensitive enough to discriminate between patients with different levels of pulmonary dysfunction. The low correlations between the indices of pulmonary function and the indices of affective status suggest that well being depends, to a large extent, on factors outside the clinical domain.
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| 49. |
- Engström, Carl-Peter, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life in COPD: why both disease-specific and generic measures should be used.
- 2001
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. - 0903-1936. ; 18:1, s. 69-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although research has consistently demonstrated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) impairs health-related quality of life (HRQL), little agreement has been evidenced regarding the factors identified as contributing to impaired HRQL. The aim was to study such factors using well established generic and specific HRQL instruments. The patients (n=68) were stratified by forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to represent a wide range of disease severity. Pulmonary function, blood gases and 6-min walking distance test (6MWD) were assessed. HRQL instruments included: St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Mood Adjective Check List. The strength of the impact of COPD on HRQL was represented along a continuum ranging from lung function, functional status (physical and psychosocial) to wellbeing. Although correlations between FEV1 versus SGRQ total and SIP overall scores (r=-0.42 and -0.32) were stronger than previously reported, multiple regression analyses showed that lung function contributed little to the variance when dyspnoea-related limitation, depression scores and 6MWD were included in the models. These three factors were important to varying degrees along the whole range of HRQL. Physiological, functional and psychosocial consequences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are only poorly to moderately related to each other. The present study concludes that a comprehensive assessment of the effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requires a battery of instruments that not only tap the disease-specific effects, but also the overall burden of the disease on everyday functioning and emotional wellbeing.
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| 50. |
- Engström, Carl-Peter, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation programme in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled study.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. - 0036-5505. ; 31:4, s. 207-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 < 50% pred.) were randomized to a rehabilitation group and a control group. The rehabilitation group took part in an individualized multidisciplinary, outpatient 12-month rehabilitation programme. Exercise training was intensive during the first 6 weeks and was then gradually replaced by an individual home-training programme and booster sessions. Controls received the usual outpatient care. Positive effects were found in terms of maximum symptom-limited exercise tolerance and walking distance (13.5 and 12.1% increase, respectively) in the rehabilitation group compared with the controls. Quality of life measurements showed minor beneficial effects on the Sickness Impact Profile, indicating a higher level of activity. No effect was seen on the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire or the Mood Adjective Check List. Patients expressed their enthusiasm for the rehabilitation programme in a study-specific questionnaire.
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