| 1. |
- Gehlen, J., et al.
(författare)
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First genome-wide association study of esophageal atresia identifies three genetic risk loci at CTNNA3, FOXF1/FOXC2/FOXL1, and HNF1B
- 2022
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Ingår i: Human Genetics and Genomics Advances. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-2477. ; 3:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) is the most common congenital malformation of the upper digestive tract. This study represents the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify risk loci for EA/TEF. We used a European case-control sample comprising 764 EA/TEF patients and 5,778 controls and observed genome-wide significant associations at three loci. On chromosome 10q21 within the gene CTNNA3 (p = 2.11 × 10−8; odds ratio [OR] = 3.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.10–5.00), on chromosome 16q24 next to the FOX gene cluster (p = 2.25 × 10−10; OR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.38–1.55) and on chromosome 17q12 next to the gene HNF1B (p = 3.35 × 10−16; OR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.64–1.87). We next carried out an esophageal/tracheal transcriptome profiling in rat embryos at four selected embryonic time points. Based on these data and on already published data, the implicated genes at all three GWAS loci are promising candidates for EA/TEF development. We also analyzed the genetic EA/TEF architecture beyond the single marker level, which revealed an estimated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability of around 37% ± 14% standard deviation. In addition, we examined the polygenicity of EA/TEF and found that EA/TEF is less polygenic than other complex genetic diseases. In conclusion, the results of our study contribute to a better understanding on the underlying genetic architecture of ET/TEF with the identification of three risk loci and candidate genes. © 2022 The Authors
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| 2. |
- Thorpe, H. A., et al.
(författare)
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Repeated out-of-Africa expansions of Helicobacter pylori driven by replacement of deleterious mutations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori lives in the human stomach and has a population structure resembling that of its host. However, H. pylori from Europe and the Middle East trace substantially more ancestry from modern African populations than the humans that carry them. Here, we use a collection of Afro-Eurasian H. pylori genomes to show that this African ancestry is due to at least three distinct admixture events. H. pylori from East Asia, which have undergone little admixture, have accumulated many more non-synonymous mutations than African strains. European and Middle Eastern bacteria have elevated African ancestry at the sites of these mutations, implying selection to remove them during admixture. Simulations show that population fitness can be restored after bottlenecks by migration and subsequent admixture of small numbers of bacteria from non-bottlenecked populations. We conclude that recent spread of African DNA has been driven by deleterious mutations accumulated during the original out-of-Africa bottleneck.
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| 3. |
- Engstrand, J., et al.
(författare)
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Liver resection and ablation for squamous cell carcinoma liver metastases
- 2021
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Ingår i: BJS Open. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Oxford University Press. - 2474-9842. ; 5:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Limited evidence exists to guide the management of patients with liver metastases from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aim of this retrospective multicentre cohort study was to describe patterns of disease recurrence after liver resection/ablation for SCC liver metastases and factors associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).METHOD: Members of the European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association were invited to include all consecutive patients undergoing liver resection/ablation for SCC liver metastases between 2002 and 2019. Patient, tumour and perioperative characteristics were analysed with regard to RFS and OS.RESULTS: Among the 102 patients included from 24 European centres, 56 patients had anal cancer, and 46 patients had SCC from other origin. RFS in patients with anal cancer and non-anal cancer was 16 and 9 months, respectively (P = 0.134). A positive resection margin significantly influenced RFS for both anal cancer and non-anal cancer liver metastases (hazard ratio 6.82, 95 per cent c.i. 2.40 to 19.35, for the entire cohort). Median survival duration and 5-year OS rate among patients with anal cancer and non-anal cancer were 50 months and 45 per cent and 21 months and 25 per cent, respectively. For the entire cohort, only non-radical resection was associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio 3.21, 95 per cent c.i. 1.24 to 8.30).CONCLUSION: Liver resection/ablation of liver metastases from SCC can result in long-term survival. Survival was superior in treated patients with liver metastases from anal versus non-anal cancer. A negative resection margin is paramount for acceptable outcome.
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| 6. |
- Alexandersson, Bjarki T., et al.
(författare)
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Diverticulosis is not associated with altered gut microbiota nor is it predictive of future diverticulitis : a population-based colonoscopy study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 58:10, s. 1131-1138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The etiopathogenesis of diverticular disease is unknown.Objective: To compare the fecal and mucosa-associated microbiota between participants with and without diverticulosis and participants who later developed diverticulitis versus those that did not from a population-based study.Methods: The PopCol study, conducted in Stockholm, Sweden, invited a random sample of 3556 adults to participate, of which 745 underwent colonoscopy. Overall, 130 participants (17.5%) had diverticulosis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted on available sigmoid biopsy samples from 529 and fecal samples from 251 individuals. We identified individuals who subsequently developed acute diverticulitis up to 13 years after sample collection. In a case-control design matching for gender, age (+/−5 years), smoking and antibiotic exposure, we compared taxonomic composition, richness and diversity of the microbiota between participants with or without diverticulosis, and between participants who later developed acute diverticulitis versus those who did not.Results: No differences in microbiota richness or diversity were observed between participants with or without diverticulosis, nor for those who developed diverticulitis compared with those who did not. No bacterial taxa were significantly different between participants with diverticulosis compared with those without diverticulosis. Individuals who later developed acute diverticulitis (2.8%) had a higher abundance of genus Comamonas than those who did not (p = .027).Conclusions: In a population-based cohort study the only significant difference was that those who later develop diverticulitis had more abundance of genus Comamonas. The significance of Comamonas is unclear, suggesting a limited role for the gut microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of diverticular disease.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Fredriksson, Fanny, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Sutures impregnated with carbazate-activated polyvinyl alcohol reduce intraperitoneal adhesions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3468 .- 1531-5037. ; 52:11, s. 1853-1858
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Intraperitoneal adhesions cause significant morbidity. They occur after peritoneal trauma, which induces oxidative stress with production of inflammatory cytokines, peroxidized proteins (carbonyls) and lipids (aldehydes). This study aimed to investigate if carbazate-activated polyvinyl alcohol (PVAC), an aldehyde-carbonyl inhibitor, can reduce intraperitoneal adhesions in an experimental model.Material and methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 110) underwent laparotomy, cecal abrasion and construction of a small bowel anastomosis. They either were treated with intraperitoneal instillation of PVAC or were sutured with PVAC-impregnated sutures. Thromboelastography analysis was performed using human blood and PVAC. The lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and IL-6 were quantified in peritoneal fluid. At day 7, bursting pressure of the anastomosis was measured and adhesions were blindly scored.Results: PVAC in human blood decreased the production of the fibrin-thrombocyte mesh without affecting the coagulation cascade. MDA, IL-1 beta and IL-6 were increased after 6 h without significant difference between the groups. PVAC-impregnated sutures reduced intraperitoneal adhesions compared to controls (p = 0.0406) while intraperitoneal instillation of PVAC had no effect. Anastomotic bursting pressure was unchanged.Conclusions: Intervention with an aldehyde-carbonyl inhibitor locally in the wound by PVAC-impregnated sutures might be a new strategy to reduce intraperitoneal adhesions.
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| 9. |
- Henstrom, M., et al.
(författare)
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Functional variants in the sucrase-isomaltase gene associate with increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome
- 2018
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 67:2, s. 263-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective IBS is a common gut disorder of uncertain pathogenesis. Among other factors, genetics and certain foods are proposed to contribute. Congenital sucraseisomaltase deficiency (CSID) is a rare genetic form of disaccharide malabsorption characterised by diarrhoea, abdominal pain and bloating, which are features common to IBS. We tested sucrase-isomaltase (SI) gene variants for their potential relevance in IBS. Design We sequenced SI exons in seven familial cases, and screened four CSID mutations (p.Val557Gly, p. Gly1073Asp, p.Arg1124Ter and p.Phe1745Cys) and a common SI coding polymorphism (p.Val15Phe) in a multicentre cohort of 1887 cases and controls. We studied the effect of the 15Val to 15Phe substitution on SI function in vitro. We analysed p.Val15Phe genotype in relation to IBS status, stool frequency and faecal microbiota composition in 250 individuals from the general population. Results CSID mutations were more common in patients than asymptomatic controls (p=0.074; OR=1.84) and Exome Aggregation Consortium reference sequenced individuals (p=0.020; OR=1.57). 15Phe was detected in 6/7 sequenced familial cases, and increased IBS risk in case-control and population-based cohorts, with best evidence for diarrhoea phenotypes (combined p=0.00012; OR=1.36). In the population-based sample, 15Phe allele dosage correlated with stool frequency (p=0.026) and Parabacteroides faecal microbiota abundance (p=0.0024). The SI protein with 15Phe exhibited 35% reduced enzymatic activity in vitro compared with 15Val (p<0.05). Conclusions SI gene variants coding for disaccharidases with defective or reduced enzymatic activity predispose to IBS. This may help the identification of individuals at risk, and contribute to personalising treatment options in a subset of patients.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Pettersson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Upgrading the strength properties of sheets from hardwood high yield pulps
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pan Pacific Fibre Value Chain Conference 2018, Proceedings. - : Appita Inc.. - 9780975746998 ; , s. 142-147
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the current paper it is shown that tensile and compression strength of sheets from hardwood high yield pulps (HYP), which has been manufactured at a low energy input in refining, can be multiplied by improving the fibre-fibre bond strength and the number of contact areas between fibre surfaces in the sheet structure. At fibre surface treatment with cationic starch the properties are improved at almost preserved bulk (i.e., preserved density). Remarkable improvements are achieved at densification of the sheet structures by pressing in a hot press nip at temperatures well above the softening temperature of wet lignin. The former technique is above all to prefer in manufacturing of middle plies in paperboard composites, whereas the latter technique is of special interest in manufacturing of packaging papers with high demands upon strength. For instance, it is shown in the paper how tensile index on sheets of CTMP from birch (CSF 480 ml) can be enhanced from 20 to 50 kNm/kg and compression index (SCT) from 10 to 35 kNm/kg by the tested techniques.
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| 12. |
- Ruiz, VE, et al.
(författare)
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A single early-in-life macrolide course has lasting effects on murine microbial network topology and immunity
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8:1, s. 518-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics are frequently prescribed to children. Early childhood represents a dynamic period for the intestinal microbial ecosystem, which is readily shaped by environmental cues; antibiotic-induced disruption of this sensitive community may have long-lasting host consequences. Here we demonstrate that a single pulsed macrolide antibiotic treatment (PAT) course early in life is sufficient to lead to durable alterations to the murine intestinal microbiota, ileal gene expression, specific intestinal T-cell populations, and secretory IgA expression. A PAT-perturbed microbial community is necessary for host effects and sufficient to transfer delayed secretory IgA expression. Additionally, early-life antibiotic exposure has lasting and transferable effects on microbial community network topology. Our results indicate that a single early-life macrolide course can alter the microbiota and modulate host immune phenotypes that persist long after exposure has ceased.
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| 20. |
- Aulin, C., et al.
(författare)
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Cartilage repair of experimentally 11 induced osteochondral defects in New Zealand White rabbits
- 2013
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Ingår i: Laboratory Animals. - : SAGE Publications. - 0023-6772 .- 1758-1117. ; 47:1, s. 58-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Articular cartilage has a limited capacity for self-repair in adult humans, and methods used to stimulate regeneration often result in re-growth of fibrous cartilage, which has lower durability. No current treatment option can provide complete repair. The possibility of growth factor delivery into the joint for cartilage regeneration after injury would be an attractive treatment option. A full thickness osteochondral defect of 4 mm in diameter and 2 mm deep was created by mechanical drilling in the medial femoral condyle in 20 female adult New Zealand White rabbits. In an attempt to improve regeneration a hyaluronic hydrogel system, with or without bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was delivered intraarticularly. The contralateral joint defect was treated with saline as control. Throughout the study, rabbits were clinically examined and after 12 (n = 6) or 24 (n = 9) weeks, the rabbits were euthanized and the joints evaluated by histology. The defects healed with fibrocartilage like tissue, and the filling of the defects ranged from less than 25% to complete. The healing of the defects varied both inter- and intra-group wise. Treatment with hyaluronan gel with or without BMP-2 had no effect on cartilage regeneration compared with controls. Instead, severe ectopic bone formation was found in seven joints treated with BMP-2. In conclusion, the present study shows that neither treatment with hyaluronic gel alone, nor in combination with BMP-2, improves the healing of an induced cartilage defect in rabbits. It further shows that BMP-2 can induce ectopic bone formation, which severely affects the functionality of the joint.
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| 26. |
- Casen, C., et al.
(författare)
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Deviations in human gut microbiota: a novel diagnostic test for determining dysbiosis in patients with IBS or IBD
- 2015
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Ingår i: Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. - : Wiley. - 0269-2813 .- 1365-2036. ; 42:1, s. 71-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDysbiosis is associated with many diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), obesity and diabetes. Potential clinical impact of imbalance in the intestinal microbiota suggests need for new standardised diagnostic methods to facilitate microbiome profiling. AimTo develop and validate a novel diagnostic test using faecal samples to profile the intestinal microbiota and identify and characterise dysbiosis. MethodsFifty-four DNA probes targeting 300 bacteria on different taxonomic levels were selected based on ability to distinguish between healthy controls and IBS patients in faecal samples. Overall, 165 healthy controls (normobiotic reference collection) were used to develop a dysbiosis model with a bacterial profile and Dysbiosis Index score output. The model algorithmically assesses faecal bacterial abundance and profile, and potential clinically relevant deviation in the microbiome from normobiosis. This model was tested in different samples from healthy volunteers and IBS and IBD patients (n=330) to determine the ability to detect dysbiosis. ResultsValidation confirms dysbiosis was detected in 73% of IBS patients, 70% of treatment-naive IBD patients and 80% of IBD patients in remission, vs. 16% of healthy individuals. Comparison of deep sequencing and the GA-map Dysbiosis Test, (Genetic Analysis AS, Oslo, Norway) illustrated good agreement in bacterial capture; the latter showing higher resolution by targeting pre-determined highly relevant bacteria. ConclusionsThe GA-map Dysbiosis Test identifies and characterises dysbiosis in IBS and IBD patients, and provides insight into a patient's intestinal microbiota. Evaluating microbiota as a diagnostic strategy may allow monitoring of prescribed treatment regimens and improvement in new therapeutic approaches.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Debelius, J. W., et al.
(författare)
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The Local Tumor Microbiome Is Associated with Survival in Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Patients
- 2023
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Ingår i: Microbiology Spectrum. - : AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY. - 2165-0497. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gut microbiome is associated with survival in colorectal cancer. Single organisms have been identified as markers of poor prognosis. However, in situ imaging of tumors demonstrate a polymicrobial tumor-associated community. To understand the role of these polymicrobial communities in survival, we conducted a nested case-control study in late-stage cancer patients undergoing resection for primary adenocarcinoma. The microbiome of paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples was profiled using 16S rRNA sequencing. We found a consistent difference in the microbiome between paired tumor and adjacent tissue, despite strong individual microbial identities. Furthermore, a larger difference between normal and tumor tissue was associated with prognosis: patients with shorter survival had a larger difference between normal and tumor tissue. Within the tumor tissue, we identified a 39-member community statistic associated with survival; for every log(2)-fold increase in this value, an individual's odds of survival increased by 20% (odds ratio survival 1.20; 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 1.33). Our results suggest that a polymicrobial tumor-specific microbiome is associated with survival in late-stage colorectal cancer patients.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Engstrand, Per, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Method for producing and processing wood chips [Förfarande för framställning av flis]
- 2012
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This patent application describes a method to produce wood chips with the intention of reducing the energy consumption in the subsequent process steps for pulp production. With the present method wood chipping is done in a wood chipper where the chipping tool (3) has an angle γ (4) within the interval of 75° to 105° between the fibre direction of the log and the side of the tool which faces the chip (2). Angles in this interval will cause an axially directed compression of the chip which will cause a cracking of the wood during chipping.
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| 32. |
- Engstrand, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a bioactive implant for repair and potential healing of cranial defects
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurosurgery. - 0022-3085 .- 1933-0693. ; 120:1, s. 273-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The repair of complex craniofacial bone defects is challenging and a successful result is dependent on the size of the defect, quality of the soft tissue covering the defect, and choice of reconstruction method. The objective of this study was to develop a bioactive cranial implant that could provide a permanent reconstructive solution to the patient by stimulating bone healing of the defect. In this paper the authors report on the feasibility and clinical results of using such a newly developed device for the repair of a large traumatic and therapy-resistant cranial bone defect. The patient had undergone numerous attempts at repair, in which established methods had been tried without success. A mosaic-designed device was manufactured and implanted, comprising interconnected ceramic tiles with a defined calcium phosphate composition. The clinical outcome 30 months after surgery revealed a restored cranial vault without postoperative complications. Computed tomography demonstrated signs of bone ingrowth. Examination with combined 18F-fluoride PET and CT provided further evidence of bone healing of the cranial defect.
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| 38. |
- Fjellström, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting CTMP bleachability using wood shavings
- 2011
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Ingår i: 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry - Proceedings, ISWFPC. ; , s. 613-616
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To predict the brightness reduction in a chemithermomechanical process as well as the bleachability of pulps produced from different species of wood raw materials there are, at present, no shortcuts available. Pulps have to be manufactured in pilot or mill scale and bleached; evaluating and predicting the bleachability has consequently been very resource consuming and thus expensive - until now! Due to this, we have used a laboratory method based on 60 × 60 mm wood shavings making it possible to predict the bleachability of primarily chemithermomechanical pulps but also other mechanical pulps. Our experiments showed that retention time and impregnation temperature appears to have no impact on the final brightness of birch shavings. When being subjected to a simulated chemithermomechanical pulp process, eucalyptus exhibited an increase in chromophore content before the bleaching stage. In addition, eucalyptus suffered from severe alkaline darkening. After the bleaching stage, the alkaline darkening diminished. A higher retention temperature resulted in lower brightness of the eucalyptus shavings compared to when using a lower retention temperature. Birch reached the highest final brightness levels and had a higher overall yield too.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Gannedahl, G, et al.
(författare)
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Role of antibody synthesis and complement activation in concordant xenograft retransplantation.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Transplantation. - 0041-1337 .- 1534-6080. ; 58:3, s. 337-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mouse-to-rat heart retransplantation model was used to study the effects of complement depletion and antibody production with regard to graft survival and anti-donor antibody specificity. Retransplantation was performed 3 weeks after the first transplantation in the presence of absence of 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG) immunosuppression. Untreated animals rejected their first graft after 3 days and retransplantation resulted in a hyperacute rejection within 2 min. A low titer of preformed anti-mouse lymphocytotoxic antibodies of the IgM subclass was found in serum collected from the unoperated rat. The rejection gave rise to a synthesis of IgG antidonor antibodies reacting with both graft endothelium and sarcolemma. Immunofluorescent staining of the rejected first heart graft showed moderate IgM and IgG antibody deposits on the graft vascular endothelium, while only IgG was found in the second graft. There was no C3 deposition found in the first mouse graft, as was the case in the second mouse graft. Anti-mouse antibodies cross-reacted with hamster antigens and a hyperacute rejection of a hamster heart graft occurred in a mouse-sensitized rat. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that the antibodies did not bind to hamster heart endothelium, as was expected, but, instead, to graft sarcolemma. DSG treatment prolonged the survival of the first graft by a median of 8 days. Continuous treatment until retransplantation resulted in a prolongation to 30 (20-127) min of the survival of the second graft and no increase in antibody titers against mouse antigens was observed. However, immunofluorescent staining revealed a weak binding of anti-mouse antibodies of the IgM subclass in the rejected mouse heart graft. Additional complement depletion with cobra venom factor in DSG-treated animals resulted in a prolongation of the median graft survival to 48 hr (6-96). No sign or minimal signs of antibody deposition were found in these grafts, but histology revealed massive mononuclear infiltration. In conclusion, xenograft transplantation in a concordant situation results in a shift of antidonor antibody Ig synthesis from IgM to IgG. If daily DSG treatment is administered from the day of transplantation, this reduces the synthesis of antidonor antibodies, and if complement is also depleted, the survival of the second graft is prolonged. The significance of the mononuclear infiltration remains to be established.
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| 41. |
- Hesser, Hugo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Preventing intimate partner violence via the Internet : A randomized controlled trial of emotion-regulation and conflict-management training for individuals with aggression problems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1063-3995 .- 1099-0879. ; 24:5, s. 1163-1177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the effect of an Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (iCBT), which incorporated emotion-regulation and conflict-resolution techniques, on intimate partner violence (IPV). Another aim was to test the theoretical underpinnings of the treatment model using mediation analysis.Method: Sixty-five participants with aggression problems in intimate adult relationships were recruited from the community and were randomly assigned to iCBT or to a monitored waitlist control. Participants were assessed with standardized self-report measures of IPV or aggression (Multidimensional Measure of Emotional Abuse, Revised Conflict Tactics Scale, and Aggression Questionnaire), relationship quality (Dyadic Adjustment Scale), anxiety or depression symptomatology (Patient Health Questionnaire; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener), at pretreatment, posttreatment (8weeks), and 1-year follow-up. Process variables (subscales of Dysfunctional and Emotional Regulation Scale and Anger Rumination Scale) were assessed weekly over the active treatment phase.Results: Robust linear regression analysis of all randomized participants showed significant treatment effects on emotional abuse relative to control at postassessment. Mediation analysis using growth curve modeling revealed that the treatment effect was partially mediated by changes in emotion-regulation ability. Controlled effects on secondary outcomes were also observed. Analyses of uncontrolled effects indicted that gains on IPV were maintained at 1-year follow-up.Conclusions: iCBT focusing on enhancing conflict-resolution skills and emotion-regulation ability has the potential to reduce IPV among self-recruited individuals with mild forms of abusive behaviour in intimate relationships. Emotion-regulation ability is potentially a key therapeutic process of change.Key Practitioner Message:Internet-delivered clinician-guided cognitive behaviour therapy is a viable treatment option for reducing intimate partner violence among self-recruited individuals with mild forms of abusive behaviour.For persons who display patterns of frequent and severe violence, other treatments are most likely needed.Emotion-regulation training is potentially a key therapeutic component that ought to be incorporated in interventions targeting IPV.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Ilver, D, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori adhesin binding fucosylated histo-blood group antigens revealed by retagging
- 1998
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 279:5349, s. 373-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is the causative agent for peptic ulcer disease. Bacterial adherence to the human gastric epithelial lining is mediated by the fucosylated Lewis b (Leb) histo-blood group antigen. The Leb-binding adhesin, BabA, was purified by receptor activity-directed affinity tagging. The bacterial Leb-binding phenotype was associated with the presence of the cag pathogenicity island among clinical isolates of H. pylori. A vaccine strategy based on the BabA adhesin might serve as a means to target the virulent type I strains of H. pylori.
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| 46. |
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| 50. |
- Maixner, F., et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori in ancient human remains
- 2019
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Ingår i: World journal of gastroenterology. - : Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.. - 2219-2840 .- 1007-9327. ; 25:42, s. 6289-6298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects the stomachs of approximately 50% of all humans. With its universal occurrence, high infectivity and virulence properties it is considered as one of the most severe global burdens of modern humankind. It has accompanied humans for many thousands of years, and due to its high genetic variability and vertical transmission, its population genetics reflects the history of human migrations. However, especially complex demographic events such as the colonisation of Europe cannot be resolved with population genetic analysis of modern H. pylori strains alone. This is best exemplified with the reconstruction of the 5300-year-old H. pylori genome of the Iceman, a European Copper Age mummy. Our analysis provided precious insights into the ancestry and evolution of the pathogen and underlined the high complexity of ancient European population history. In this review we will provide an overview on the molecular analysis of H. pylori in mummified human remains that were done so far and we will outline methodological advancements in the field of ancient DNA research that support the reconstruction and authentication of ancient H. pylori genome sequences. ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
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