| 1. |
- Aumailley, M, et al.
(författare)
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A simplified laminin nomenclature
- 2005
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Ingår i: Matrix Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-1802 .- 0945-053X. ; 24:5, s. 326-332
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simplification of the laminin nomenclature is presented. Laminins are multidomain heterotrimers composed of alpha, beta and gamma chains. Previously, laminin trimers were numbered with Arabic numerals in the order discovered, that is laminins-1 to -5. We introduce a new identification system for a trimer using three Arabic numerals, based on the alpha, beta and gamma chain numbers. For example, the laminin with the chain composition alpha 5 beta 1 gamma 1 is termed laminin-511, and not laminin-10. The current practice is also to mix two overlapping domain and module nomenclatures. Instead of the older Roman numeral nomenclature and mixed nomenclature, all modules are now called domains. Some domains are renamed or renumbered. Laminin epidermal growth factor-like (LE) domains are renumbered starting at the N-termini, to be consistent with general protein nomenclature. Domain IVb of alpha chains is named laminin 4a (L4a), domain IVa of alpha chains is named L4b, domain IV of gamma chains is named L4, and domain IV of beta chains is named laminin four (LF). The two coiled-coil domains I and II are now considered one laminin coiled-coil domain (LCC). The interruption in the coiled-coil of 13 chains is named laminin beta-knob (L beta) domain. The chain origin of a domain is specified by the chain nomenclature, such as alpha IL4a. The abbreviation LM is suggested for laminin. Otherwise, the nomenclature remains unaltered.
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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Jan-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Mangafodipir as a cardioprotective adjunct to reperfusion therapy: a feasibility study in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy. - : European Society of Cardiology. - 2055-6837 .- 2055-6845. ; 1:1, s. 39-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims The aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility of applying the catalytic antioxidant mangafodipir [MnDPDP, manganese (Mn) dipyridoxyl diphosphate] as a cardioprotective adjunct to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation (STE) myocardial infarction (STEMI). Both MnDPDP and a metabolite (Mn dipyridoxyl ethyldiamine) possess properties as mitochondrial superoxide dismutase mimetics and iron chelators, and combat oxidative stress in various tissues and conditions.Methods and resultsThe study tested MnDPDP (n ¼ 10) vs. saline placebo (n ¼ 10), given as a brief intravenous (i.v.) infusion prior to balloon inflation during pPCI in patients with STEMI. Mangafodipir waswell tolerated and did not affect heart rate or blood pressure. Despite longer ischaemic time (205 vs. 144 min, P ¼ 0.019) in theMnDPDPgroup, plasma biomarker releaseswere identical for the two groups. With placebo vs.MnDPDP, mean STE resolutions were 69.8 vs. 81.9% (P ¼ 0.224) at 6 h and 73.1 vs. 84.3% (P ¼ 0.077) at 48 h. Cardiac magnetic resonance revealed mean infarct sizes of 32.5 vs. 26.2% (P ¼ 0.406) andmeanleft ventricular (LV) ejection fractions of 41.8 vs. 47.7% (P ¼ 0.617) with placebovs.MnDPDP.More LVthrombi were detected in placebo hearts (5 of 8) than MnDPDP-treated hearts (1 of 10; P ¼ 0.011).Conclusions Mangafodipir is a safe drug for use as an adjunct to reperfusion therapy. A tendency to benefit of MnDPDP needs confirmation in a larger population. The study revealed important information for the design of a Phase II trial.
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| 3. |
- Rosendahl, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Late gadolinium uptake demonstrated with magnetic resonance in patients where automated PERFIT analysis of myocardial SPECT suggests irreversible perfusion defect
- 2008
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Imaging. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2342. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (MPS) is frequently used as the reference method for the determination of myocardial infarct size. PERFIT(R) is a software utilizing a three-dimensional gender specific, averaged heart model for the automatic evaluation of myocardial perfusion. The purpose of this study was to compare the perfusion defect size on MPS, assessed with PERFIT, with the hyperenhanced volume assessed by late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE) and to relate their effect on the wall motion score index (WMSI) assessed with cine magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MRI) and echocardiography (echo).METHODS: LGE was performed in 40 patients where clinical MPS showed an irreversible uptake reduction suggesting a myocardial scar. Infarct volume, extent and major coronary supply were compared between MPS and LGE as well as the relationship between infarct size from both methods and WMSI.RESULTS: MPS showed a slightly larger infarct volume than LGE (MPS 29.6 +/- 23.2 ml, LGE 22.1 +/- 16.9 ml, p = 0.01), while no significant difference was found in infarct extent (MPS 11.7 +/- 9.4%, LGE 13.0 +/- 9.6%). The correlation coefficients between methods in respect to infarct size and infarct extent were 0.71 and 0.63 respectively. WMSI determined with cine-MRI correlated moderately with infarct volume and infarct extent (cine-MRI vs MPS volume r = 0.71, extent r = 0.71, cine-MRI vs LGE volume r = 0.62, extent r = 0.60). Similar results were achieved when wall motion was determined with echo. Both MPS and LGE showed the same major coronary supply to the infarct area in a majority of patients, Kappa = 0.84.CONCLUSION: MPS and LGE agree moderately in the determination of infarct size in both absolute and relative terms, although infarct volume is slightly larger with MPS. The correlation between WMSI and infarct size is moderate.
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| 4. |
- Ahlander, Britt-Marie, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Development and validation of a questionnaire evaluating patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging : the Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire (MRI-AQ)
- 2016
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Ingår i: 19th Annual SCMR Scientific Sessio. - : BioMed Central.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: MR examinations of the heart are sometimes negatively affected by anxiety that could have been detected by the pre-scan administration of a suitable questionnaire and psychological support given. To better understand patient experience during the examination and to evaluate psychological intervention, use of general anxiety scales is unsuitable and an MR-specific questionnaire was developed.Methods: A new questionnaire, MRI-AQ, was designed from patient expressions of anxiety in MRI-scanners. The patient sample was recruited between October 2012 and October 2014. Factor structure was evaluated with exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha. Criterion-related validity, known-group validity and test-retest was evaluated. The new instrument was compared with the Spielberg State Anxiety Index (STAI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and with nine statements from the Fear Survey Schedule developed by Lukins et al.Results: In total, 247 participants (54.7 ± 14.3 years), referred for MRI examinations of either the spine or the heart, accepted to participate in the study. The development and validation of MRI-AQ resulted in 15 items which could be used as an overall global score or as two sub scale scores. Cronbach’s alpha was found to be high (a = 0.90). MRI-AQ correlated higher with instruments measuring anxiety than with depression scales. Known-group validity demonstrated a higher level of anxiety for patients undergoing MRI scan of the heart than for those examining the spine (p < 0.01). Test-retest reliability demonstrated acceptable level for the scale (ICC = 0.90; CCC = 0.90). Conclusions: MRI-AQ bridges a gap among existing questionnaires, making it a simple and useful tool for measuring patient anxiety during MRI examinations.
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| 5. |
- Bergström, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population
- 2021
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 144:12, s. 916-929
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population.Methods: We recruited 30 154 randomly invited individuals age 50 to 64 years to SCAPIS (the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). The study includes individuals without known coronary heart disease (ie, no previous myocardial infarctions or cardiac procedures) and with high-quality results from CCTA and CAC imaging performed using dedicated dual-source CT scanners. Noncontrast images were scored for CAC. CCTA images were visually read and scored for coronary atherosclerosis per segment (defined as no atherosclerosis, 1% to 49% stenosis, or ≥50% stenosis). External validity of prevalence estimates was evaluated using inverse probability for participation weighting and Swedish register data.Results: In total, 25 182 individuals without known coronary heart disease were included (50.6% women). Any CCTA-detected atherosclerosis was found in 42.1%; any significant stenosis (≥50%) in 5.2%; left main, proximal left anterior descending artery, or 3-vessel disease in 1.9%; and any noncalcified plaques in 8.3% of this population. Onset of atherosclerosis was delayed on average by 10 years in women. Atherosclerosis was more prevalent in older individuals and predominantly found in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Prevalence of CCTA-detected atherosclerosis increased with increasing CAC scores. Among those with a CAC score >400, all had atherosclerosis and 45.7% had significant stenosis. In those with 0 CAC, 5.5% had atherosclerosis and 0.4% had significant stenosis. In participants with 0 CAC and intermediate 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to the pooled cohort equation, 9.2% had CCTA-verified atherosclerosis. Prevalence estimates had excellent external validity and changed marginally when adjusted to the age-matched Swedish background population.Conclusions: Using CCTA in a large, random sample of the general population without established disease, we showed that silent coronary atherosclerosis is common in this population. High CAC scores convey a significant probability of substantial stenosis, and 0 CAC does not exclude atherosclerosis, particularly in those at higher baseline risk.
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| 6. |
- Engvall, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Adenosine stress myocardial perfusion detected with CT compared with attenuation-corrected SPECT
- 2011
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL SUPPLEMENTS. - : Oxford University Press. ; , s. A31-A31
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To asses adenosine stress myocardial perfusion by cardiac CT and compare with simultaneously performed attenuation corrected SPECT.Methods: 11 patients, 9 men and 2 women >2months post primary PCI, with manifest myocardial damage and remaining stenoses in the coronary circulation, were studied with myocardial perfusion CT under vasodilatory stress. The investigation started with a topogram followed by a testbolus of iodine whereafter the coronary artery study was performed in sequence mode. Adenosine was then infused for at least five minutes at the standard rate of 140ug/kg/min. After three minutes, 6 MBq/kg of 99mTc-tetrofosmin was injected immediately followed by 80ml iodine contrast. The wash-in of iodine was monitored by CT scanning of a 7cm long cardiac volume segment every other second for 22s. One hour after the CT scan, myocardial SPECT was performed. Scanning required the patients to tolerate breath holding for 22s, have a heart rate <80/min and body weight <85kg, and their kidney function should allow 140ml 370mg iodine contrast to be given.Results: All 11 patients tolerated the full adenosine infusion and scanning was successful. One patient could not be analyzed due to noisy images. In two patients, the limited scanning volume did not cover the entire base of the heart. Three patients had no defect on SPECT. Patients with a defect had on average myocardial blood flow 80ml/100ml tissue/min in the defect area and 142ml in the segments with the highest perfusion, while patients without defect had 98 and 141ml, respectively.Conclusion: Peak myocardial perfusion may be determined with CT under adenosine stress and compared with attenuation corrected SPECT. Initial experience shows that the method is sensitive to timing of bolus, to noisy images and results may diverge from those obtained with SPECT.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Jennersjö, Pär E., et al.
(författare)
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Circadian blood pressure variation in patients with type 2 diabetes - relationship to macro- and microvascular subclinical organ damage
- 2011
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Ingår i: Primary Care Diabetes. - : Elsevier. - 1751-9918 .- 1878-0210. ; 5:3, s. 167-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsTo explore the association between nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipper status and macro- and microvascular organ damage in type 2 diabetes.MethodsCross-sectional data from 663 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 55–66 years, were analysed. Nurses measured office BP and ambulatory BP during 24 h. Individuals with ≥10% difference in nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) relative to daytime values were defined as dippers. Non-dippers were defined as <10% nocturnal decrease in SBP. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated and microalbuminuria was measured by albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR). Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured with applanation tonometry over the carotid and femoral arteries.ResultsWe identified 433 dippers and 230 subjects with a nocturnal non-dipping pattern. Nocturnal SBP dipping was independently of office SBP associated with decreased PWV (p = 0.008), lower ACR (p = 0.001) and NT-proBNP (p = 0.001) and increased GFR (p < 0.001).ConclusionsWe conclude that diurnal BP variation provides further information about early macro- and microvascular subclinical organ damage that goes beyond standardized office BP measurements in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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| 9. |
- Pesonen, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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High prevalence of interstitial lung abnormalities in middle-aged never-smokers
- 2023
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Ingår i: ERJ Open Research. - : European Respiratory Society. - 2312-0541. ; 9:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) are incidental findings on chest computed tomography (CT). These patterns can present at an early stage of fibrotic lung disease. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of ILA in the Swedish population, in particular in never-smokers, and find out its association with demographics, comorbidities and symptoms.METHODS: Participants were recruited to the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS), a population-based survey including men and women aged 50-64 years performed at six university hospitals in Sweden. CT scan, spirometry and questionnaires were performed. ILA were defined as cysts, ground-glass opacities, reticular abnormality, bronchiectasis and honeycombing.FINDINGS: Out of 29 521 participants, 14 487 were never-smokers and 14 380 were men. In the whole population, 2870 (9.7%) had ILA of which 134 (0.5%) were fibrotic. In never-smokers, the prevalence was 7.9% of which 0.3% were fibrotic. In the whole population, age, smoking history, chronic bronchitis, cancer, coronary artery calcium score and high-sensitive C-reactive protein were associated with ILA. Both ILA and fibrotic ILA were associated with restrictive spirometric pattern and impaired diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. However, individuals with ILA did not report more symptoms compared with individuals without ILA.INTERPRETATION: ILA are common in a middle-aged Swedish population including never-smokers. ILA may be at risk of being underdiagnosed among never-smokers since they are not a target for screening.
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| 10. |
- Rosendahl, Lene, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal peak strain detects a smaller risk area than visual assessment of wall motion in acute myocardial infarction
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Ultrasound. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1476-7120. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Opening of an occluded infarct related artery reduces infarct size and improves survival in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this study we performed tissue Doppler analysis (peak strain, displacement, mitral annular movement (MAM)) and compared with visual assessment for the study of the correlation of measurements of global, regional and segmental function with final infarct size and transmurality. In addition, myocardial risk area was determined and a prediction sought for the development of infarct transmurality 50%.Methods. Twenty six patients with STEMI submitted for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were examined with echocardiography on the catheterization table. Four to eight weeks later repeat echocardiography was performed for reassessment of function and magnetic resonance imaging for the determination of final infarct size and transmurality.Results. On a global level, wall motion score index (WMSI), ejection fraction (EF), strain, and displacement all showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.001, p ≤ 0.001, p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.03) between the two study visits, but MAM did not (p = 0.17). On all levels (global, regional and segmental) and both pre- and post PCI, WMSI showed a higher correlation with scar transmurality compared to strain. We found that both strain and WMSI predicted the development of scar transmurality 50%, but strain added no significant information to that obtained with WMSI in a logistic regression analysis.Conclusions. In patients with acute STEMI, WMSI, EF, strain, and displacement showed significant changes between the pre- and post PCI exam. In a ROC-analysis, strain had 64% sensitivity at 80% specificity and WMSI around 90% sensitivity at 80% specificity for the detection of scar with transmurality 50% at follow-up.
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| 11. |
- Torén, Kjell, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic airflow limitation and its relation to respiratory symptoms among ever-smokers and never-smokers: a cross-sectional study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bmj Open Respiratory Research. - : BMJ. - 2052-4439. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is based on the presence of persistent respiratory symptoms and chronic airflow limitation (CAL). CAL is based on the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (FEV1:FVC) after bronchodilation, and FEV1:FVC less than the fifth percentile is often used as a cut-off for CAL. The aim was to investigate if increasing percentiles of FEV1:FVC were associated withany respiratory symptom(cough with phlegm, dyspnoea or wheezing) in a general population sample of never-smokers and ever-smokers. Methods In a cross-sectional study comprising 15 128 adults (50-64 years), 7120 never-smokers and 8008 ever-smokers completed a respiratory questionnaire and performed FEV(1)and FVC after bronchodilation. We calculated theirz-scores for FEV1:FVC and defined the fifth percentile using the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) reference value, GLI(5)and increasing percentiles up to GLI(25). We analysed the associations between different strata of percentiles and prevalence ofany respiratory symptomusing multivariable logistic regression for estimation of OR. Results Among all subjects, regardless of smoking habits, the odds ofany respiratory symptomwere elevated up to the GLI(15-20)strata. Among never-smokers, the odds ofany respiratory symptomwere elevated at GLI(<5)(OR 3.57, 95% CI 2.43 to 5.23) and at GLI(5-10)(OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.69 to 3.91), but not at higher percentiles. Among ever-smokers, the odds ofany respiratory symptomwere elevated from GLI(<5)(OR 4.64, 95% CI 3.79 to 5.68) up to GLI(>= 25)(OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.75). Conclusions The association between percentages of FEV1:FVC and respiratory symptoms differed depending on smoking history. Our results support a higher percentile cut-off for FEV1:FVC for never-smokers and, in particular, for ever-smokers.
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| 12. |
- Zachrisson, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Soft tissue discrimination ex vivo by dual energy computed tomography
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier. - 0720-048X .- 1872-7727. ; 75:2, s. E124-E128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) may provide additional information about the chemical composition of tissues compared to examination with a single X-ray energy. The aim of this in vitro study was to test whether combining two energies may significantly improve the detection of soft tissue components commonly present in arterial plaques. METHODS: Tissue samples of myocardial and psoas muscle, venous and arterial thrombus as well as fat from different locations were scanned using a SOMATOM Definition Dual Source CT system (Siemens AG, Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) with simultaneous tube voltages of 140 and 80kV. The attenuation (Hounsfield units, HU) at 80 and 140kV was measured in representative regions of interest, and the association between measured HU values and tissue types was tested with logistic regression. RESULTS: The combination of two energy levels (80 and 140kV) significantly improved (p<0.001) the ability to correctly classify venous thrombus vs arterial thrombus, myocardium or psoas; arterial thrombus vs myocardium or psoas; myocardium vs psoas; as well as the differentiation between fat tissue from various locations. Single energy alone was sufficient for distinguishing fat from other tissues. CONCLUSION: DECT offers significantly improved in vitro differentiation between soft tissues occurring in plaques. If this corresponds to better tissue discrimination in vivo needs to be clarified in future studies.
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