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- Sammallahti, S, et al.
(författare)
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Prenatal maternal and cord blood vitamin D concentrations and negative affectivity in infancy
- 2023
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Ingår i: European child & adolescent psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-165X .- 1018-8827. ; 32:4, s. 601-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Higher maternal vitamin D concentration during pregnancy is associated with better child mental health. Negative affectivity, an early-emerging temperamental trait, indicates an increased risk of psychopathology. We investigated if maternal early/mid-pregnancy 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and neonatal cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with Negative affectivity in infancy. We studied term-born infants from the vitamin D Intervention in Infants study (VIDI, n = 777, follow-up rate 80%, Finland), and the Generation R Study (n = 1505, follow-up rate 40%, Netherlands). We measured maternal serum 25(OH)D at 6–27 weeks (VIDI) or 18–25 weeks (Generation R) of pregnancy, and cord blood 25(OH)D at birth (both cohorts). Caregivers rated infant Negative affectivity at 11.7 months (VIDI) or 6.5 months (Generation R) using the Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire. Using linear regression, we tested associations between 25(OH)D and Negative affectivity adjusted for infant age, sex, season of 25(OH)D measurement, maternal age, education, smoking, and body-mass-index. Per 10 nmol/l increase in maternal early/mid-pregnancy 25(OH)D, infant Negative affectivity decreased by 0.02 standard deviations (95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.06, − 0.004) in VIDI, and 0.03 standard deviations (95% CI − 0.03, − 0.01) in Generation R. Cord blood 25(OH)D was associated with Negative affectivity in Generation R (− 0.03, 95% CI − 0.05, − 0.01), but not VIDI (0.00, 95% CI − 0.02, 0.02). Lower maternal 25(OH)D concentrations were consistently associated with higher infant Negative affectivity, while associations between cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations and Negative affectivity were less clear. Maternal vitamin D status during early- and mid-pregnancy may be linked with early-emerging differences in offspring behavior.
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- Burman, Magnus, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Cost and Energy Assessment of a High Speed Ship
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Small Craft Technology, RINA - Part B. - London : RINA. - 1740-0694. ; 150:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Burman, Magnus, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Cost and energy assessment of a high speed ship
- 2006
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Ingår i: Second Conference on High Performance Yacht Design. - 9781622761852
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A comparison in total life cycle costs and energy consumption for one high speed ship design with three different structural materials have been performed. The investigation considers a high speed ferry with a steel hull and an aluminium superstructure, an all aluminium concept and a ship built in sandwich material with carbon fibre faces. The different materials will affect several cost elements during the design, the production and the operation of the ship until and including its disposal. Furthermore, the material selection has an impact on the energy consumption within all stages of the ships life cycle. The assessment is made in a comparative manner. Hence, identical out fitting components, e.g. interior, instrumentation, and ventilation are left out. It is shown that the steel version causes the highest costs and energy consumption. The sandwich construction has the lowest life cycle costs while the aluminium version has the lowest energy consumption. The break-even point between the steel and the composite versions appears after 4 years (only 2 years of operation!), the break-even point between the aluminium and the composite ferry is after 12 years (10 years of operation). A sensitivity analysis with different possible scenarios, e.g. change in interest, petrol cost, maintenance cost, has been performed. All of the investigated scenarios identify the composite version to have the lowest life cycle costs. This paper summarises an original work carried out as a master of science work as given in [1-2].
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- Enlund-Cerullo, M, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Variation of the Vitamin D Binding Protein Affects Vitamin D Status and Response to Supplementation in Infants
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 104:11, s. 5483-5498
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ContextSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vitamin D binding protein encoding the GC (group component) gene affect 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations, but their influence on vitamin D status and response to vitamin D supplementation in infants is unknown.ObjectiveTo study GC genotype–related differences in 25OHD concentrations and the response to supplementation during a vitamin D intervention study in infants.DesignIn this randomized controlled trial, healthy term infants received vitamin D3 (10 or 30 μg/d) from 2 weeks to 24 months of age. GC SNPs rs2282679, rs4588, rs7041, and rs1155563 were genotyped. rs4588/7041 diplotype and haplotypes of rs2282679, rs4588, and rs7041 (Haplo3SNP) and of all four SNPs (Haplo4SNP) were determined.Main Outcome Measures25OHD measured in cord blood at birth and at 12 and 24 months during intervention.ResultsA total of 913 infants were included. Minor allele homozygosity of all studied GC SNPs, their combined haplotypes, and rs4588/rs7041 diplotype 2/2 were associated with lower 25OHD concentrations at all time points in one or both intervention groups [analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) P < 0.043], with the exception of rs7041, which did not affect 25OHD at birth. In the high-dose supplementation group receiving 30 μg/d vitamin D3, but not in those receiving 10 µg/d, genotype of rs2282679, rs4588, and rs7041; diplotype; and Haplo3SNP significantly affected intervention response (repeated measurement ANCOVA Pinteraction < 0.019). Minor allele homozygotes had lower 25OHD concentrations and smaller increases in 25OHD throughout the intervention.ConclusionsIn infants, vitamin D binding protein genotype affects 25OHD concentration and efficiency of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation.
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- Valkama, S, et al.
(författare)
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No Severe Hypercalcemia with Daily Vitamin D3 Supplementation of up to 30 µg during the First Year of Life
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hormone research in paediatrics. - : S. Karger AG. - 1663-2826 .- 1663-2818. ; 88:2, s. 147-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Vitamin D supplementation is widely recommended for infants, but the optimal dose remains unclear. High intake may result in hypercalcemia. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We evaluated the incidence of hypercalcemia during the first year of life in a cohort of 987 healthy children who received 10 or 30 μg of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation daily. Ionized calcium (Ca-ion) was analyzed at 6 and 12 months, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration at 12 months. Severe hypercalcemia was defined as Ca-ion exceeding the reference limit (1.16–1.39 mmol/L) by 10%. <b><i>Results:</i></b> No severe hypercalcemia occurred. Mild hypercalcemia (1.40–1.52 mmol/L) was present at 6 months in 28% and at 12 months in 2% of infants. At 12 months, 25-OHD ranged between 23 and 241 nmol/L (median 97), and PTH was between undetectable and 104 pg/mL (median 24) and was below the reference range (11.5–78.4 pg/mL) in 11%. 25-OHD and Ca-ion correlated positively (<i>r</i> = 0.149), and 25-OHD was slightly higher in the 12 infants with mild hypercalcemia (median 97 vs. 110 nmol/L, <i>p</i> = 0.046). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation of 10 or 30 µg did not cause severe hypercalcemia. Mild hypercalcemia was more prevalent at 6 months than at 12 months, and was associated weakly with 25-OHD at 12 months.
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- Hewett, D., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of a psoriasis susceptibility candidate gene by linkage disequilibrium mapping with a localized single nucleotide polymorphism map
- 2002
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Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 0888-7543. ; 79:3, s. 305-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Here we describe the creation of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map spanning 900-1200 kb of chromosome 3q21, which had been previously recognized as containing a psoriasis susceptibility locus, PSORS5. We genotyped 644 individuals, from 195 Swedish psoriatic families, for 19 polymorphisms. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) between marker and disease was assessed using the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT). In the TDT analysis, alleles of three of these SNPs showed significant association with disease (P<0.05). A 160-kb interval encompassing these three SNPs was sequenced, and a coding sequence consisting of 13 exons was identified. The predicted protein shares 30-40% homology with the family of cation/chloride cotransporters. A five-marker haplotype spanning the 3' half of this gene is associated with psoriasis to a P value of 3.8<10(-5). We have called this gene SLC12A8, coding for a member of the solute carrier family 12 proteins. It belongs to a class of genes that were previously unrecognized as playing a role in psoriasis pathogenesis.
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- Källestedt, Marie-Louise S, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of CPR and AED training on healthcare professionals' self-perceived attitudes to performing resuscitation.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1757-7241. ; 20:26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Healthcare professionals have shown concern about performing mouth-to-mouth ventilation due to the risks to themselves with the procedure. However, little is known about healthcare professionals' fears and attitudes to start CPR and the impact of training. Objective To examine whether there were any changes in the attitudes among healthcare professionals to performing CPR from before to after training. Methods Healthcare professionals from two Swedish hospitals were asked to answer a questionnaire before and after training. The questions were relating to physical and mental discomfort and attitudes to CPR. Statistical analysis used was generalized McNemar's test. Results Overall, there was significant improvement in 10 of 11 items, reflecting various aspects of attitudes to CPR. All groups of health care professionals (physicians, nurses, assistant nurses, and "others" = physiotherapists, occupational therapists, social welfare officers, psychologists, biomedical analysts) felt more secure in CPR knowledge after education. In other aspects, such as anxiety prior to a possible cardiac arrest, only nurses and assistant nurses improved. The concern about being infected, when performing mouth to mouth ventilation, was reduced with the most marked reduction in physicians (75%; P < 0.001). Conclusion In this hospital-based setting, we found a positive outcome of education and training in CPR concerning healthcare professionals' attitudes to perform CPR. They felt more secure in their knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In some aspects of attitudes to resuscitation nurses and assistant nurses appeared to be the groups that were most markedly influenced. The concern of being infected by a disease was low.
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- Steinmetz, J, et al.
(författare)
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Cytochrome P450 polymorphism and postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Minerva anestesiologica. - 1827-1596. ; 78:3, s. 303-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The etiology of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) remains unclear but toxicity of anesthetic drugs and their metabolites could be important. We aimed to assess the possible association between POCD after propofol anesthesia and various phenotypes owing to polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 encoding genes.METHODS: We included patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery under total intravenous anesthesia with propofol. POCD was identified using a neuropsychological test-battery administered preoperatively, one week, and three months after surgery. Genotyping of CYP2C19*2, *3, CYP2D6*3, *4, *5 and *6 was performed using pyrosequencing, and patients were characterized according to their phenotype as ultra, extensive, intermediate, or poor metabolizers.RESULTS: In total, 337 patients with a median age of 67 years were included. 30 (9.4%) out of the 319 patients who underwent neuropsychological testing at one week had POCD, and 24 out of 307 (7.8%) had POCD at three months. None of the examined CYP2C19, 2D6 alleles, or various phenotypes were significantly associated with POCD.CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms in CYP2C19, or 2D6 genes do not seem to be related to the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction after non-cardiac surgery in patients anesthetised with propofol.
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| 38. |
- Strömsöe, Anneli, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Improvements in logistics could increase survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 273:6, s. 622-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. In a review based on estimations and assumptions, to report the estimated number of survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in whom cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was started and to speculate about possible future improvements in Sweden.Design. An observational study. Setting All ambulance organisations in Sweden. Subjects Patients included in the Swedish Cardiac Arrest Registry who suffered an OHCA between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2010. Approximately 80% of OHCA cases in Sweden in which CPR was started are included. Interventions NoneResults. In 11005 patients, the 1-month survival rate was 9.4%. There are approximately 5000 OHCA cases annually in which CPR is started and 30-day survival is achieved in up to 500 patients yearly (6 per 100000 inhabitants). Based on findings on survival in relation to the time to calling for the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) and the start of CPR and defibrillation, it was estimated that, if the delay from collapse to (i) calling EMS, (ii) the start of CPR, and (iii) the time to defibrillation were reduced to <2min, <2min, and <8min, respectively, 300400 additional lives could be saved.Conclusion. Based on findings relating to the delay to calling for the EMS and the start of CPR and defibrillation, we speculate that 300400 additional OHCA patients yearly (4 per 100000 inhabitants) could be saved in Sweden.
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| 39. |
- Tesan, Tajana, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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A new GTF2I-BRAF fusion mediating MAPK pathway activation in pilocytic astrocytoma
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common pediatric brain tumor. A recurrent feature of PA is deregulation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway most often through KIAA1549-BRAF fusion, but also by other BRAF- or RAF1-gene fusions and point mutations (e.g. BRAFV600E). These features may serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and also facilitate development of targeted therapy. The aims of this study were to characterize the genetic alterations underlying the development of PA in six tumor cases, and evaluate methods for fusion oncogene detection. Using a combined analysis of RNA sequencing and copy number variation data we identified a new BRAF fusion involving the 5' gene fusion partner GTF2I (7q11.23), not previously described in PA. The new GTF2I-BRAF 19-10 fusion was found in one case, while the other five cases harbored the frequent KIAA1549-BRAF 16-9 fusion gene. Similar to other BRAF fusions, the GTF2I-BRAF fusion retains an intact BRAF kinase domain while the inhibitory N-terminal domain is lost. Functional studies on GTF2I-BRAF showed elevated MAPK pathway activation compared to BRAF WT. Comparing fusion detection methods, we found Fluorescence in situ hybridization with BRAF break apart probe as the most sensitive method for detection of different BRAF rearrangements (GTF2I-BRAF and KIAA1549-BRAF). Our finding of a new BRAF fusion in PA further emphasis the important role of B-Raf in tumorigenesis of these tumor types. Moreover, the consistency and growing list of BRAF/RAF gene fusions suggests these rearrangements to be informative tumor markers in molecular diagnostics, which could guide future treatment strategies.
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