| 1. |
- Alm, Fredrik, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Adherence to Swedish Guidelines for Pain Treatment in Tonsil Surgery in Pediatric Patients
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: As shown by data from the National Tonsil Surgery Register in Sweden, tonsil surgery often causes severe pain that lasts for many days. The register data demonstrate the necessity for better evidence-based pain treatment guidelines for tonsil surgery. The guidelines, introduced in 2013, consist of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological recommendations. In the guidelines, a multimodal analgesic approach and combination of analgesics are recommended to provide effective pain treatment with limited side effects. Two national multi-professional education days on pain, pharmacology and the guidelines were offered. Web-based information about pharmacological treatment (www.tonsililloperation.se) was designed for patients and next-of-kin. The current aims were to describe adherence to the Swedish guidelines for pain treatment in tonsil surgery in pediatric patients < 18 yearsMethod: An inter-professional questionnaire was developed, including questions linked to the relevant guidelines. The questions came from a national mapping before the guidelines were designed. The items were discussed by an expert group, and content validity was evaluated using the content validity index.ENT-and anesthesia physicians and nurses from all 50 ENT clinics in Sweden were enrolled.Results: Most clinics had received the guidelines, but there was a discrepancy between the professions. More than half had perused the literature review performed before the guidelines were designed, and attended themulti-professional education day. Pre- and perioperative treatment usually included paracetamol, clonidine and betamethasone. A multimodal pain approach after discharge from hospital (tonsillectomy and tonsillotomy) was used, combining paracetamol with cox-inhibitors. Most clinics used paracetamol, with a higher dose for the first 3 days (healthy children and acceptable nutrition), and a reduced dose from day 4.In case of inadequate analgesia after tonsillectomy, oral clonidine or opioids were used. Several clinics followed the recommendation to use clonidine as first choice and secondly an opioid. No respondents prescribed codeine compared to 80% at the mapping before the guidelines were designed. The guidelines were experienced as clear, safe and sufficient. The web-based information was used by most of the clinics to improve quality of care and provide facilitating tools for patients, relatives and caregivers.Conclusion: Swedish guidelines for tonsil surgery provide practical evidence-based pain treatment recommendations. To achieve a change, multi-professional education is necessary. This needs to be repeated for a wider spread.Future research should include evaluation through pain diaries and questionnaires to next-of-kin and children. There should be matching of data from the quality registers at each clinic, with pain variables such as unplanned health care contacts due to pain, number of days with analgesics, and return to normal diet
|
|
| 2. |
- Andréasson, Sara Näslund, et al.
(författare)
-
Peritonectomy with high voltage electrocautery generates higher levels of ultrafine smoke particles
- 2008
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Surgical Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0748-7983 .- 1532-2157. ; 35:7, s. 780-784
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To adequately perform peritonectomy, the use of an electrocautery device at a high voltage is recommended. The aim of this study was to analyse the amount of airborne and ultrafine particles (UFP) generated during peritonectomy and to compare this with standard colon and rectal cancer surgery (CRC). METHOD: UFP was measured approximately 2-3cm from the breathing area of the surgeon (personal sampling) and 3m from where the electrocautery smoke was generated (stationary sampling) from 14 consecutive peritonectomy procedures and 11 standard CRC resections. The sampling was by P-Trak UFP counter that has the capacity to detect particle size ranging from 0.02 to 1mum. RESULTS: The cumulative level of UFP of personal sampling in the peritonectomy group was higher (9.3x10(6)particle/ml/h (pt/ml/h)) than in the control group (4.8x10(5)pt/ml/h). A higher cumulative level of UFP in stationary sampling was observed in the PC group (2.6x10(6) pt/ml/h) than in the control group (3.9x10(4)pt/ml/h). CONCLUSION: Peritonectomy procedure with high voltage electrocautery generates elevated levels of UFP than standard CRC surgery does. The level of UFP produced by a peritonectomy is comparable to cigarette smoking. More efficient smoke evacuator systems are needed in order to reduce the levels of UFP generated during electrocautery surgery.
|
|
| 3. |
- Becevic, Semir
(författare)
-
Klassrumsbedömning i matematik på gymnasieskolans nivå
- 2011
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Klassrumsbedömning i matematik på gymnasienivå är en licentiatstudie med en intention att närma sig, fånga upp samt förstå och tolka lärares ageranden, tankar, upplevelser och reflektioner inom och om bedömningen i matematik i gymnasiet. En annan avsikt är delvis att fylla i luckan mellan det målrelaterade kursbedömningssystemet och det praktiska fältet med en kvalitativ forskningsstudie om lärarerfarenheter från gymnasiets matematikkurser.Studien kan inte på något sätt betraktas som uttömmande. Den är selektiv till sin natur. Det finns många andra faktorer som också påverkar de deltagande lärarnas handlingar, funderingar och beslut inom bedömningsfältet av vilka endast ett fåtal berörs av studien. Det finns även så många matematiklärare utanför studien. Lägg likaså till mer eller mindre involverade och intresserade organisationer och institutioner.Intervjuer och fokusgruppsamtal med ett antal matematiklärare från diverse gymnasieskolor har spelats in och detaljerat analyserats genom transkriberingar. Den metodanalytiska och den teoretiska ansatsen från grundad teori har succesivt lett till urskiljandet av åtta typer av bedömningsstrategier: den intuitiva, den inväntande, den kontinuerliga, den likvärdiga, den målinriktade, den provinriktade, den undervisningskopplade samt självbedömningsstrategin och till en teori om hur lärare beskriver och reflekterar om bedömning i matematik på gymnasiet. Strategierna uppvisar en rikedom i lärarnas resonemang om bedömning. Teorin har avslutningsvis fört studien till ett antal begrepp och tillhörande kategoriseringar som har underättat förstaelsen av lärarnas handlingar och resonemang inom matematikbedömningen på gymnasiet.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bennermo, Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic and environmental influences on the plasma interleukin-6 concentration in patients with a recent myocardial infarction : a case-control study
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1079-9907 .- 1557-7465. ; 31:2, s. 259-264
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to study the stimuli responsible for triggering and sustaining the plasma concentration of the inflammatory marker interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with a first myocardial infarction before the age of 60 and healthy control subjects matched for age and sex. The plasma IL-6 concentration, antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Helicobacter pylori, herpes simplex type 1 and 2, and genotype for the IL6-174 G>C single-nucleotide polymorphism were determined 3 months after the acute event. The results showed that patients had higher IL-6 levels than control subjects, whereas there were no differences regarding individual or total number (pathogen burden) of positive antibody tests against the different pathogens or IL6 genotype distribution. The plasma IL-6 concentration was associated with the number of positive antibody tests in patients and control subjects, whereas patients irrespective of IL6 genotype had increased IL-6. Multivariate analysis, including traditional coronary heart disease risk factors, antibodies against pathogens, and IL6 genotype, explained 17% of the variation of the plasma IL-6 concentration. Neither pathogen burden nor IL6 genotype did contribute to the variation of plasma IL-6 levels, whereas smoking, body-mass index, hypertension, case-control status, and age were determinants of the plasma IL-6 concentration.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
-
En start för tänket, en bit på väg : Analys av ett utvecklingsprojekt kring kultur och estetik i skolan
- 2007
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En start för tänket, en bit på väg beskriver och analyserar ett utvecklingsprojekt kring kultur och estetiska lärprocesser. Några skolor i Värmland deltog under tre års tid i det så kallade pilotskoleprojektet, vars huvudsyfte var att ta fram modeller för hur en estetisk dimension skulle kunna genomsyra verksamheten i skolan. Boken har både ett teoretiskt och ett praktiskt anslag. Det teoretiska yttrar sig dels i en genomgång av forskningsläget i Sverige, dels i en diskussion av undersökningsdeltagarnas sätt att definiera en estetisk lärprocess och den kunskapsbildning som kommer till stånd i en sådan. Det praktiska yttrar sig i att de respektive skolornas konkreta arbete skildras. Förutom att boken kan betraktas som en utvärdering av arbetet och sålunda kan utgöra ett underlag för diskussion och reflektion vid de deltagande skolorna, kan den ses som en kunskapsbank för andra skolor som vill fördjupa arbetet med kultur och estetik. Den torde också med fördel kunna användas inom lärarutbildningar där dess dubbla fokus på teori och praktik svarar mot den målsättning som uttrycks i styrdokumenten. Författarna Claes Ericsson och Monica Lindgren har lång erfarenhet av såväl undervisning i estetiska uttrycksmedel i skola och lärarutbildning som av forskning kring kultur och estetik i skolan.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Ericsson, Claes
(författare)
-
Från guidad visning till shopping och förströdd tillägnelse: moderniserade villkor för ungdomars musikaliska lärande.
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract In the Swedish compulsory school system there is a trend towards increased student influence. School ideologists have for at least ten years strongly emphasised this issue. This tendency is in line with a more general direction in Western societies, which in many aspects has moved toward individualisation. Based on these developments, the main reason for undertaking the presents study was to contribute to the discussion about different aspects of learning, which have as their starting point the issue of how adolescents experience musical learning. The study moves in and between the two fields of musical learning in school and in leisure time, and the data consists of seven group conversations carried out with eighth and ninth graders in secondary school. The analysis is undertaken in three steps, each one of which represents a gradually increasing level of abstraction. The theory is grounded on two different areas which have some common aspects, namely theories of modernity and philosophy of music education. The results show that value related issues such as preference and interpretation in the greatest possible extent should be left to the students, and the teacher should instead provide help to students by giving them tools for expression, such as training skills and providing a suitable milieu for musicing. Adolescents give expression to an apprehension that an important task of the school subject music is to expose musical genres and activities, whereupon the students can then choose what suits them. This way of acquiring music does not correspond to the way in which students assimilate music in everyday contexts and highlights a contradiction between how they legitimise musical learning in school and in leisure time. In their leisure time, students acquire preferences for music in an unsystematic and random manner. Their discussions strongly emphasise a search for music “to call their own”. Furthermore, the study shows that learning often occurs in situations where it is not intentional, for example when music listening is a background activity, but still an analysis of musical parameters takes place in an unconscious matter. Some of the adolescents consider ability to collaborate as the most important knowledge that comes out of music education in school. This attitude can be seen as a move from content to form. Two main discourses were identified: the discourse music and the discourse the school subject music. The discourse music is wide and embraces music in leisure time as well as in school. It consists of listening and musicing. The discourse the school subject music is narrow and legitimised only through its position as a school subject. The study also shows that musical learning has a therapeutical dimension and can be considered as a means to strengthen the self. This function seems to be an important end in musical activities. Finally, modern aesthetical values were applied to a post modern context, which implies that the aesthetics of modernity is still alive, and occupying a new body. Music educators in schools ought to consider the above outlined modernised conditions for musical learning, and thereby reflect upon the implications they might bring for music education.
|
|
| 11. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
-
Inledning
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Perspektiv på populärmusik och skola. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144068770 ; , s. 13-21
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 12. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
Inledning
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Perspektiv på populärmusik och skola. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144068770 ; , s. 13-22
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
-
Marknadsestetik och vardagskultur i klassrummet : Ett ideologiskt dilemma? Identitet, dominans och kunskapsbildning i grundskolans musikundervisning
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Resultatdialog 2010. - Stockholm : Vetenskapsrådet. - 9789173071840 ; , s. 42-50
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- De senaste decennierna har successivt en medvetenhet och insikt om att skolan inte har monopol på kunskapsbildning växt fram. Skolan konkurrensutsätts i ständigt ökande utsträckning från andra kunskapsbildningsinstanser, exempelvis via sofistikerad informations- och kommunikationsteknologi, men även från institutioner som bildningsförbund och föreningar av olika slag. Detta tillsammans med en mera allmän tendens i samhället att nedmontera traditioner och auktoritetsförhållanden skapar möjlighet för elever att i högre utsträckning än tidigare ifrågasätta skolan med utgångspunkt i ett vetande som är tillägnat utanför skolan. En av de verksamheter som i hög grad berörs är den som bedrivs inom ramen för de så kallade estetiska ämnena. Detta för att barn och ungdomar har ett gediget kunnande och en distinkt preferens inom området, som de tillägnar sig i ofta informella lärsituationer i vardagslivet, parallellt med lärandet i skolan. Ett antagande är därvid att de estetiska ämnena kan uppfattas som ”mer än skolämnen”, vilket kan innebära en distorsion mellan skolans och elevernas förväntningar på dessa ämnen. Detta bekräftas av två av våra tidigare studier. Syftet med studien är: 1. Att undersöka vilka dominansförhållanden och identitetsförhandlingar som kommer till uttryck när elevers vardagskultur omsätts i skolan. 2. Att beskriva kunskapsbildningens karaktär i undervisningskontexter präglade av skilda strukturella förutsättningar, exempelvis sociala, kulturella, ekonomiska, utbildningsmässiga samt demografiska. Vid tre skolor, där skilda bakgrundsförutsättningar råder, kommer undervisningen i musik att dokumenteras med hjälp av videokamera. En undervisningsgrupp (år 9) vid varje skola kommer att väljas ut och följas kontinuerligt under ett läsår. Interaktionen mellan lärare och elever och mellan elever sinsemellan kommer att analyseras med avseende på verbal och visuell kommunikation. Resultaten kommer att diskuteras med utgångspunkt i ett samhälls- och kulturteoretiskt perspektiv. Projektet är tänkt att löpa under tre år och ny kunskap bör kunna avsättas under 2009. Att studera makt- och dominansförhållanden i skolan får ses som angeläget. Dels kan det initiera till reflektion, vilket i en förlängning kan leda till förändring inom de pedagogiska praktikerna, dels är det ett led i kvalitetssäkringen av skolan. Att studera identitetsförhandling i mötet mellan elevers vardagskultur och skola är också betydelsefullt, eftersom skolans fostransuppdrag kan komma i konflikt med den strävan som finns att bejaka ungdomars identitetsbildning. Det är viktigt att dessa i systemet ingående motsättningar belyses, inte minst med avseende på genusproblematik. Att studera kunskapsbildningens karaktär i pedagogiska kontexter där bakgrundsförutsättningarna varierar, framstår också som angeläget. Sådan forskning kan ses som betydelsefull både för realiserandet av en likvärdig skola och som diskussionsunderlag vid utarbetande av olika typer av undervisningsreglerande texter. Forskningsspridningen kommer att ske på olika sätt. Rapporten ges ut i bokform, vilket ökar tillgängligheten. Resultaten kommer också att kommuniceras via seminarier på skolor och lärarutbildningar. Slutligen kommer resultaten att återföras till de i undersökningen deltagande skolorna, där lärarna kommer att beredas möjlighet till reflektion i diskussionsgrupper, exempelvis i anslutning till studiedagar
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
Music instruments as creators of identity : a posthumanist approach
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Abstract book. - Gothenburg : University of Gothenburg. ; , s. 197-197
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Poststructuralist and socialconstructionist research has focused interactions between individuals, and accordingly objectified materiality. As a contrast, with posthumanist theory materiality can be understood as an actor, which we find interesting to explore further. In music teaching music instruments have a central function, and the activities in the classroom can be said to revolve around a material node, constituted by the instruments. Music teaching is also an arena for identity formation through the variety of identity opportunities that popular culture brings into the classroom. From a posthumanist point of view, identities are in becoming through the combinations of agency of musical instruments and human actors. The aim of this paper is to study the becoming of identities and subject positions in a framework where music instruments are understood as actors in music activities. More specific, this is studied 1) by making intra-actions between instruments and students visible, and 2) by analysing identities offered by the music instruments. Based on some examples from our previous projects, focusing interaction in the classroom, a re-analysis will be made with respect to agency of materiality in ensemble situations. Thus, our ambition is also to explore a new entry to music education research where music instruments take a more central position in our understanding of classroom intra-actions. What happens, for example, in the intersection between specific instruments and gender? How do instruments and students become related dependent on the student’s skills on the instrument in question? What subject positions are possible in an ensemble, depending on which instrument the student is intra-acting with? What happens if a student’s identity does not match an instrument’s identity offer? Such issues appear to be important in order to fully understand parameters that are active in different situations in music education.Within this perspective, different ways of handling the subject have evolved which we find both interesting and important to further explore. The aim of the study is to analyze and problematize posthumanist subjects in pedagogical research. Thus, the ambition is to clarify subject formations and specify subjects that appear, which in turn contributes to visualizing different subject forms. Methodological tools from posthumanist theory are used to find different Entrances in the research Rhizome. The findings are presented as specific Entrances in the Rhizome. The Entrances show different subject formations, where subjects with similarities to poststructuralist perspectives, subjects in a critical framework, as well as more radical posthumanist subjects emerge. Finally, the subject variation that has appeared is further discussed and problematized.
|
|
| 20. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
Musikklassrummet i blickfånget. Vardagskultur, identitet, styrning och kunskapsbildning
- 2010
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The point of departure of this study is an interest in discussing how the aes-thetics of the market and the music culture of the pupils are expressed in music teaching in Swedish schools, and how these factors are transformed or whether any ideological dilemma arises when we strive to put the music culture of the pupils into practice in the everyday music teaching. In four previous projects with different foci, we have studied aesthetic activities in the school environment. Those studies were a source of inspiration for and a backdrop to this study. The theoretical framework consists of poststructuralist and social con-structionist theory as well as theories of late modernity, while our method-ological point of departure is a combination of continental and Anglo-Saxon approaches to discourse analysis, modified to suit our purposes. The empirical material consists of video recordings of classroom activi-ties in secondary school settings in Sweden, and the data has been thor-oughly analysed using analytical tools developed in accordance with our methodological approaches. Some important analytical concepts used here are identity, dominance, governance and knowledge formation. Our findings indicate that: - There are three different strategies for incorporating market aesthetics and the music culture of the pupils into everyday music teaching: learning about, reflecting on and putting into practice. - The only ideological dilemma occurred when the pupils´music culture was put into practice in everyday music teaching .The problem was that one of the teachers had what might be considered as an over-determined identity. He found it difficult to establish a balance between the need of the pupils for freedom of expression and the teachers’ opinions regarding what was appropriate in the school environment. - Music making activities in small groups was unsuccessful because the pu-pils were not yet good enough at the skills needed for composing music and playing together unsupervised. - Schools are "task-oriented" in a way that is counterproductive to creativity in music making. - Six different strategies of governance in the classrooms could be identi-fied: through charisma and competence, through delegating responsibility, through making mantras of instructions and examination strategies, through creating solidarity or polarization, through disciplining the body and organisation of time and space and through ignoring problematic situa-tions. - Popular music was presented as a canon similar to the canon of art music that is predominant in the teaching of music history at school.
|
|
| 21. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
Rethinking arts education in late modernity - discourses on educational practices in Sweden
- 2012
-
Ingår i: DCCAbstracts. Discourse, Communication, Conversation. Loughborough University 22-23 March 2012.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores discourses of arts and knowledge within two different educational practices in Sweden. By analysing interviews, group talks and video recordings from both Swedish school and Swedish teacher training settings, we have revealed dominant knowledge discourses and discuss how they serve to legitimize an educational field in late modernity. The point of departure of our studies is discourse analysis, including micro- as well as macro level. It embraces perspectives such as discursive psychology, discourse theory and Foucault inspired analysis. In one of the practices studied, the empirical material consists of focus group conversations, in the other, classroom interaction. In a meta-perspective, both studies enclosed, two kinds of approaches are shown: Word-level analysis, identified as rhetorical actions in group-conversations, and practice-oriented analysis, identified as rhetorical actions in classroom praxis. Both approaches aim to identify hegemony and antagonistic discourses, and also to problematize the subject agency and what possible subject positions they open up for. The relation discourse-subject also contributes to the analysis of the over-determined subject and ideological dilemmas. According to the results, the area of arts education in Swedish schools seems to be a battlefield of different discoursers. This is shown by different ideological dilemmas related to activities in the music classroom and in the questions of democracy and pupil influence that rises in the studies. A relativization of the concept of quality as well as an articulation of lack of subject knowledge as a marker of teacher quality were features of two prominent discourses among teacher educators in arts education.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Ericsson, Claes
(författare)
-
Terapi, upplysning, kamp och likhet till varje pris - undervisningsideologier och diskurser hos lärare och lärarstuderande i musik
- 2006
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study is the second part of a larger work with the purpose to distinguish, describe and discuss the discourses around music education in school. The first part focused on how adolescents in secondary school talk abot music education, and the second part is concerned with teaching ideologies and discources among teachers and teacher education students. An overarching purpose of the two studies is to find out if there is any coherence between the adolescents' and the teachers'/teacher students' discources.
|
|
| 26. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
The conditions for establishment of an ideological dilemma: antagonistic discourses and over-determined identity in school music teaching
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education. - London : Informa UK Limited. - 0159-6306 .- 1469-3739. ; 32:5, s. 713-728
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents an analysis of video documentation of music teaching in Swedish schools. The article is based on a larger research project, funded by The Swedish Research Council, the purpose of which has been to study how market aesthetics and students’ everyday culture are applied to the teaching of music. The introduction presents a background for the study's focus on music teaching in relation to issues of student influence. Next, the theoretical and methodological starting points are presented. With discourse psychological microanalysis as a point of departure, the ideological dilemma that has emerged in the analysis of the videos is then identified and discussed. In addition, the different types of subject positions contained in the studied discursive practice are problematized. The article concludes with a discussion of a number of factors that contribute to the establishment of ideological dilemmas in school practitioners of music education.
|
|
| 27. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Music Classroom in Focus : Everyday Culture, Identity, Governance and Knowledge Formation
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nordic Research in Music Education. - Oslo : Norges musikkhøgskole. - 0333-3760. ; 12, s. 101-116
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is based on a larger research project with the purpose to study how market aesthetics and student’s music culture are expressed in the Swedish music classroom. The empirical material consists of video observations of classroom activities in secondary school settings in Sweden. The theoretical framework consists of poststructuralist and social constructionist theory combined with theories of late modernity, while our methodological point of departure is discourse analysis. Some important analytical concepts are identity, dominance, governance and knowledge formation. Three different strategies for incorporating market aesthetics and students’ music culture into music education were identified: learning about, reflecting on and applying. An ideological dilemma occurred when the fostering mission of school was confronted with the will to meet the students’ demands for freedom of expression. The results of the project also suggest that standardised and regulated forms of activity were counterproductive to creativity in music making. Six different strategies of gentle governance in the music classroom were identified. Popular music was presented by the teachers in a way analogous to the canon of art music that is predominant in the teaching of music history at school.
|
|
| 28. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
The music classroom in focus. Everyday culture, identity, governance and knowledge formation.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nordic Research in Music Education. Yearbook. - 1504-5021. ; 12, s. 101-116
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is based on a larger research project with the purpose to study how market aesthetics and student’s music culture are expressed in the Swedish music classroom. The empirical material consists of video observations of classroom activities in secondary school settings in Sweden. The theoretical framework consists of poststructuralist and social constructionist theory combined with theories of late modernity, while our methodological point of departure is discourse analysis. Some important analytical concepts are identity, dominance, governance and knowledge formation. Three different strategies for incorporating market aesthetics and students’ music culture into music education were identified: learning about, reflecting on and applying. An ideological dilemma occurred when the fostering mission of school was confronted with the will to meet the students’ demands for freedom of expression. The results of the project also suggest that standardised and regulated forms of activity were counterproductive to creativity in music making. Six different strategies of gentle governance in the music classroom were identified. Popular music was presented by the teachers in a way analogous to the canon of art music that is predominant in the teaching of music history at school. Keywords: Music classroom, market aesthetics, everyday culture, discourse, identity, music education
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Ericsson, Elisabeth, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
-
Kirurgisk behandling av barn med sömnrelaterade andningsstörningar
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Kirurgisk behandling av barn med sömnrelaterade andningsstörningar.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kirurgisk behandling av barn med sömnrelaterade andningsstörningar Moderator: Danielle Friberg, överläkare, Karolinska Huddinge I panelen: Elisabet Ericsson, disputerad sjuksköterska, Hälsohögskolan, Jönköping, Claes Hemlin, överläkare, Sophiahemmet, Anne-Charlotte Hessén Söderman, överläkare, Karolinska Danderyd, Elisabeth Hultcrantz, professor, Universitetssjukhuset, Linköping, Pia Nerfeldt, disputerad specialistläkare, Karolinska Huddinge, Joacim Stalfors, överläkare, Sahlgrenska, Göteborg. Bakgrund: Barn med sömnrelaterade andningsstörningar (SRBD) o/e obstruktivt sömnapnésyndrom (OSAS) behandlas primärt med kirurgi (adenotonsillektomi), varav cirka 80 % blir botade. Det finns flera riskfaktorer till SRBD/OSAS: kraniofaciala missbildningar, neuromuskulära sjukdomar samt övervikt/fetma, som ökar även bland barn. Cirka 1-3 % av barnen har OSAS och 12 % har SRBD och dessa barn löper ökad risk för inlärningssvårigheter, dålig viktsutveckling, hjärtkärlsjukdomar och dödlighet. Fram till nu har dessa barn blivit styvmoderligt behandlade i rutinsjukvården. Detta symposium vill belysa hur vi kan förbättra oss. Material och metod: Med mentometerknappar inbjuds auditoriet att delta i kliniska frågeställningar. Typfall demonstreras. Nya kirurgiska metoder presenteras; tonsillotomi, tonsillektomi med coblation eller radiofrekvens, vilka har utvärderats gentemot sedvanlig ”kall” tonsillektomi. Resultat från Kvalitetsregister för tonsilloperation kommer att redovisas. Likaså den nyvaliderade OSA-18, som är ett sjukdomsspecifikt hälsorelaterat livskvalitetsformulär för barn med misstänkt SRBD/OSAS. Ett polysomnografilab för barn har nyligen startats på Karolinska Huddinge, där flera studier planeras. Resultat: Panelmedlemmarna presenterar sina resultat för auditoriet, vilka sen får delta i diskussionen med eller utan mentometer. Diskussion: Hur kan vi förbättra omhändertagandet av barn med SRBD/OSAS? Hur ska vi välja ut de som ska opereras? Hur fungerar OSA-18 och hur kan vi använda formuläret i vår vardag? Vilken operationsmetod är att föredra på vilket barn? Vilka frågor kan det förnyade tonsilloperationsregistret besvara? Vilka barn ska följas upp efter kirurgi? Barn med riskfaktorer, hur ska vi hantera dem? Kan vi erbjuda de barn som inte blir bra på kirurgi alternativ behandling? Vilken ytterligare forskning behövs?
|
|
| 32. |
- Ericsson, Elisabeth, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
-
Kvalitetsregistret för tonsilloperation
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nationellt kvalitetsregister Öron- Näs och Halssjukvård - Årsrapport 2013. - : Västra Götalandsregionen. ; , s. 34-97
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Ericsson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Nationella riktlinjer för farmakologisk behandling av smärta och illamående i samband med tonsillotomi och tonsillektomi på barn och ungdomar (<18 år)
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Svensk ÖNH-tidskrift. - Stockholm : Scandinavian University Press. - 1400-0121. ; 30:3, s. 1-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Riktlinjerna är framtagna av referensgruppen för Tonsilloperation. Syftet med dessa riktlinjer är att optimera det perioperativa omhändertagandet (premedicinering - peroperativt - postoperativt smärtomhändertagande) i samband med tonsilloperationer på barn och ungdomar. Bakgrund och referenser till riktlinjerna finns i ett separat dokument.Riktlinjerna gäller för friska barn. Finns det riskfaktorer som ex grav sömnapné, kraftig övervikt, komplicerande sjukdomstillstånd eller organpåverkan behöver den farmakologiska behandlingen anpassas efter situationen.Tonsillkirurgi medför svår och långvarig smärta samt hög frekvens av illamående. Smärtan är ofta värst dag 3 till 5 efter tonsillektomi. Tonsillotomi ger generellt upphov till mindre smärta än tonsillektomi. För att uppnå effekt behöver den farmakologiska smärtbehandlingen påbörjas redan vid premedicineringen och fortlöpa under själva anestesin/ingreppet. En multimodal behandling ska eftersträvas och målsättningen är att uppnå en för individen acceptabel smärtnivå i det postoperativa skedet och i hemmet.Den farmakologiska behandlingen ska kombineras med preoperativ information om ingreppet till patienten och vårdnadshavare. En lugn och trygg situation före anestesistart ökar chanserna för ett lugnt postoperativt förlopp.
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
- Ericsson, Elisabeth, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
-
The role of information and instruction to children and parents in homemanagement after tonsil surgery - what is it helpful for them to know?
- 2010
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES To create national recommendations for information after tonsil surgery to improve the management ofchildren. METHODS 1. A search of Medline addressing evidence on expectations and advice about medication and nonpharamacological techniques to relieve pain after tonsil surgery and 2. A questionnaire focusing on the routines for information before and after tonsil surgery was administrated to all ENT-clinics in Sweden with 99% response rate. RESULTS There is evidence that information has an empowering effect upon parents to feel more control over their child’s care. Lack of information leads to anxiety and increased perception of pain in the child. Children and parents who were given specific information related to pain and morbidity, reported less pain and were less anxious than those with no or insufficient information. Constructive information should be given gradually, starting preoperatively, to parents and children. A leaflet should contain sufficient information about what happens before, during and is to be expected after surgery, the risks and possible complications, and advice and recommendation of medication and non-pharmacological techniques. Results from the national enquiry (N=48) showed the provision of a variety of different written information from the various clinics, often insufficient. Based on these findings, an information leaflet for patients and a checklist based on the literature for the staff to use at discharge were developed (both will be available). CONCLUSIONS A checklist for the staff insures that parents and children get consistent advice. A leaflet provided before surgery helps children and parents with methods to relieve pain. This could decrease the number of complications and later consultations and give shorter recovery.
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
- Hemlin, Claes, et al.
(författare)
-
What factors are discriminating for tonsil surgery decision?
- 2010
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES To evaluate decisive factors related to indications for tonsillar surgery among ENT surgeons. METHODS Webbased questionnaire presenting a number of representative cases to Swedish ENT surgeons with threealternatives: Recommend surgery, recommend further examinations or recommend no surgery. By changingone factor in the case description a value regarding the importance of each single factor could be estimated. RESULTS 328 of 728 known ENT surgeons answered the questionnaire. An analysis of the answering population compared to the total population of Swedish ENT surgeons showed them to be representative. The proportion of Swedish ENT surgeons recommending surgery was 48 % higher for cases with recurrent StrepA tonsillitis compared to non Strep A tonsillitis and 53 % higher when tonsillar frequency was at least 4 episodes/year compared to 2 episodes/year. CONCLUSIONS Case presentations to practicing ENT surgeons can be used to achieve information on the national perception of best practice. This information was used in the development of a national consensus documenton indications for tonsillar surgery. An iterated use of the questionnaire can furthermore give valuable information on the changes in practice over time, e.g. to evaluate the impact of new recommendations. RESULTS Fourteen RCT’’s (2712 children) were evaluated; most were too heterogeneous to pool into a meta-analysis.Loss to follow-up varied from 0% to 63% after 2 years. Adenoidectomy in combination with a unilateral tympanostomy tube (n=3 trials) has a beneficial effect on the resolution of OME: risk difference 22% (95% CI 12% to 32%) and 29% (95% CI 19% to 39%) for the non-operated ear at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The effect of adenoidectomy on hearing is very small:<5dB compared to a unilateral tympanostomy tube only. Regarding AOM (n=8 trials), adenoidectomy appears to have no significant beneficial effect. CONCLUSIONS Our review shows a significant effect of adenoidectomy as far as the resolution of middle ear effusion inchildren with OME is concerned. However, the benefit to hearing is small. The risks of operating should beweighed against these potential benefits. The absence of a significant effect on AOM suggests that routine surgery for this indication is not warranted.
|
|
| 44. |
- Hessen Soderman, Anne-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
-
Reduced Risk of Primary Postoperative Hemorrhage After Tonsil Surgery in Sweden : Results from the National Tonsil Surgery Register in Sweden Covering More Than 10 Years and 54,696 Operations
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The Laryngoscope. - Malden, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0023-852X .- 1531-4995. ; 121:11, s. 2322-2326
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives/Hypothesis: To analyze the incidence of primary bleeding following tonsil surgery and to evaluate risk factors. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanStudy Design: Register study of the results from the National Tonsil Surgery Register in Sweden covering the period 1997 to 2008 and 54,696 operations. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods: Data were collected by means of three questionnaires, two filled in by professionals and one 6 months post-operatively by the patient/parent. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: A total of 719 patients experienced primary postoperative bleeding during the hospital stay (1.3%). A number of independent factors were correlated with decreased risk of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage: younger age (P andlt; .0001), female sex (P andlt; .0001), type of surgery (tonsillotomy) (P = .0006), and surgery performed on a day-surgery basis (P andlt; .0001). Indication for surgery and number of operations performed at the department did not correlate with postoperative bleeding risk. A significant decrease in primary postoperative hemorrhage rate from 2% to 0.96% was found during the study period. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: Primary hemorrhage following tonsil surgery is rare. During the study period, a significant decrease in primary bleeding rates occurred. The changes in practice with an increasing proportion of day-surgery cases and tonsillotomy have contributed to the reduced risk, but cannot completely explain the reduction.
|
|
| 45. |
- Hessen-Söderman, Anne-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
-
Blödning efter tonsilloperation : Resultat ur nya nationella kvalitetsregistret
- 2009
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: Det nya kvalitetsregistret för tonsilloperation startade 090301. Uppgifter angående operationsmetod och använd utrustning registreras nu samt om mer än en operationsindikation har använts. Nytt är en postop. 30-dagarsenkät som föräldrarna/vuxna patienter får besvara via nätet. Då får man besked angående det postoperativa förloppet inkl. sekundära blödningar.Resultat: Fem månader efter start har 2341 patienter registrerats varav 2020 är opererade. 1109 har besvarat 30-dagarsenkäten och ännu ingen 6- månaders-formuläret. Det vanligaste ingreppet är Tonsillektomi (TE) med 976 operationer följt av tonsillotomi (TT)+Abrasio, 495 ingrepp, därefter TE+Abrasio 413 och TT 104. Primär blödning är ungefär lika vanligt för de tre första ingreppen, 2,6%, 1,8% resp. 2,4% och enbart TT 0%.Sekundär blödning, som rapporterats av föräldrarna/patienten efter 30 dagar visar TE 9%, TE+Abrasio 2,6% , TT 2% och TT + Abrasio 0.7%. Av metoder har kallt stål använts flitigast: 1078 operationer med 2,7% primära blödningar och 6% sekundära, följt av Radiofrekvens, 684 operationer med 1,5% primära och 1,6% sekundära blödningar. Diatermisax har använts på 131 patienter med 1,5% primära och 22% sekundärblödningar, Ultracision vid 79 operationer med 0 primär och 7,7% sekundärblödning samt Laser vid 22 operationer med 1,5% primär och 9% sekundärblödning.Diskussion: De olika prevalenser av postoperative blödning som resultaten visar är inte entydiga: Enbart TE görs nästan enbart på vuxna, oftast på infektionsindikation, vilket kan förklara en högre blödningsförekomst jämfört med TE+Abrasio, som istället enbart görs på barn med obstruktionsindikation, med mindre blödning som följd. Skillnaden i blödning, mellan TE och TT är dock klar, eftersom relativt många individer är opererade i båda grupperna och man genomgående har signifikant lägre blödning för TT. När det gäller operationsmetod visar de ”heta” metoderna lägre primärblödning men fler sekundär-blödningar än kallt stål. Radiofrekvens, som arbetar vid lägre temperatur har de lägsta blödningstalen både vad gäller primär- och sekundärblödning. En bias är att enbart hälften av de opererade har skickat in 30-dagarsenkät. De minst nöjda, dvs. de som blött efteråt, är kanske mer villiga att påtala detta, vilket i så fall generellt ger för höga blödningstal. Konklusion: TT ger färre primära och sekundära blödningar än TE. ”Heta” tekniker ger ett stort antal sekundära blödningar. Högre svarsfrekvens eftersträvas.
|
|
| 46. |
- Hessén-Söderman, Anne-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
-
Post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage rates are related to technique for dissection and for haemostasis : an analysis of 15734 patients in the National Tonsil Surgery Register in Sweden
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Clinical Otolaryngology. - : Wiley. - 1749-4478 .- 1365-2273. ; 40:3, s. 248-254
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To analyse post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage(PTH) rates related to technique for dissection and haemostasis.Study Design: Register study from the National TonsilSurgery Register in Sweden (NTSRS).Methods: All patients, subjected to tonsillectomy (TE)without adenoidectomy from 1 March 2009 to 26 April 2013,were included in the study. The surgeon reports data abouttechnique and early PTH, while late PTH is reported by thepatient in a questionnaire 30 days after surgery.Results: 15734 patients with complete data concerningtechnique for dissec tion and for haemostasis were identifiedin the NTSRS. Techniques used were cold steel dissectionwith uni- or bipolar diathermy haemostasis (65.3%),diathermy scissors (15.7%), coblation (9.1%), cold steeldissection with cold haemostasis (7.4%) and ultrascision(2.5%). Early and late PTH were reported in 3.2% and 9.4% of the cases, respectively, and return to theatre (RTT) in2.7%. The rat es for PTH and RTT related to technique wereanalysed. Compared with cold dissection+ cold haemostasis,late PTH rate was 2.8 times higher after cold dissection + hothaemostasis, 3.2 times higher after coblation, 4.3 timeshigher after diathermy scissors and 5.6 times higher afterultrascision. The risk for RTT was higher for all hottechniques except for coblation, while ultrascision resultedin a lower risk for early PTH.Conclusions: All hot techniques resulted in a higher risk forlate PTH compared with cold steel dissection +coldhaemostasis. The risk for RTT was higher for all hottechniques except for coblation, while ultrascision resultedin a lower risk for early PTH. An early PTH was associatedwith an increased risk for late PTH.
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
