| 1. |
- Klaric, Lucija, et al.
(författare)
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Mendelian randomisation identifies alternative splicing of the FAS death receptor as a mediator of severe COVID-19.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. ; , s. 1-28
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Severe COVID-19 is characterised by immunopathology and epithelial injury. Proteomic studies have identified circulating proteins that are biomarkers of severe COVID-19, but cannot distinguish correlation from causation. To address this, we performed Mendelian randomisation (MR) to identify proteins that mediate severe COVID-19. Using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data from the SCALLOP consortium, involving meta-analysis of up to 26,494 individuals, and COVID-19 genome-wide association data from the Host Genetics Initiative, we performed MR for 157 COVID-19 severity protein biomarkers. We identified significant MR results for five proteins: FAS, TNFRSF10A, CCL2, EPHB4 and LGALS9. Further evaluation of these candidates using sensitivity analyses and colocalization testing provided strong evidence to implicate the apoptosis-associated cytokine receptor FAS as a causal mediator of severe COVID-19. This effect was specific to severe disease. Using RNA-seq data from 4,778 individuals, we demonstrate that the pQTL at the FAS locus results from genetically influenced alternate splicing causing skipping of exon 6. We show that the risk allele for very severe COVID-19 increases the proportion of transcripts lacking exon 6, and thereby increases soluble FAS. Soluble FAS acts as a decoy receptor for FAS-ligand, inhibiting apoptosis induced through membrane-bound FAS. In summary, we demonstrate a novel genetic mechanism that contributes to risk of severe of COVID-19, highlighting a pathway that may be a promising therapeutic target.
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| 2. |
- Månsson, Jonas, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
Metoder för att utvärdera den regionala tillväxtpolitiken Lärdomar och råd för utvärderare och uppdragsgivare
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten beskriver olika metoder och angreppssätt för att utvärdera den regionalatillväxtpolitiken. Rapporten utgör slutrapport för ITPS regleringsbrevsuppdrag nummer 6,2008. Målgruppen för rapporten är utvärderare samt beställare av utvärderingar.Rapporten består av ett teorikapitel samt fem kapitel med fem olika metoder ellerangreppssätt speciellt lämpliga för utvärderingar av den regionala tillväxtpolitiken.Utvärderingar är i allmänhet inriktade mot att antingen studerautfallet eller genomförandetav en åtgärd. Utvärderingar som studerar utfallet delas in i mål-, effekt- ocheffektivitetsutvärderingar. En målutvärdering svarar på frågan om målen har uppfyllts; eneffektutvärdering om måluppfyllelsen är en effekt av åtgärden; en effektivitetsutvärderingom de uppnådda effekterna värderas högre än kostnaderna för åtgärden, medan slutligen engenomförandeutvärdering besvarar frågan om hur själva genomförandet kan ha påverkatmåluppfyllelse, effekt eller effektivitet. En utfallsutvärdering kan med fördel kombinerasmed en genomförandeutvärdering, eftersom den senare kan vara till hjälp att tolkautfallsutvärderingens resultat.Utvärderingar av åtgärder inom den regionala tillväxtpolitiken bör ta särskild hänsyn tillden regionala heterogeniteten. Rapporten ger därför rekommendationer beträffandeanvändandet av regionala indikatorer samt rörande en statistisk metod – flernivåanalys.Indikatorer och flernivåanalys är båda användbara verktyg för att ta hänsyn till denregionala heterogeniteten.En viktig aspekt i utvärderingssammanhang är att kvalitetssäkra arbetet med utvärderingar.Rapporten ger därför även rekommendationer som avser utnyttjandet av ”metautvärdering”som metod för sådan kvalitetssäkring. Metautvärderingar är en bra metod för attkvalitetssäkra arbetet med utvärdering av program eftersom metoden innefattar ett tydligtlärandeperspektiv så att misstag inte upprepas.Tillförlitliga och användbara utvärderingar förutsätter en välgjord datainsamling avåtgärdens utfall, samt en dokumentation av genomförandet. En adekvat datainsamlingförutsätter att de individer, företag osv. vilka åtgärden gäller, kan identifieras och följasöver tid. Om inte nödvändig information finns i befintliga register, kan data behöva samlasin redan innan åtgärden har implementerats. Ett sätt att minska risken för svårutvärderadeåtgärder är att utvärderaren kopplas in tidigt i processen för att garantera dokumentationenoch därmed även utvärderbarheten.Då åtgärdsprogram går mot att bli allt mer komplexa, med många olika aktörer ochmålgrupper, beskriver även rapporten olika angreppssätt för att utvärdera komplexaprogram och horisontell samverkan. Att utvärdera sådana program kräver en öppenhet motnya metoder, samt en kombination av både kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder.
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| 3. |
- Ulmefors, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Solution-Spinning of a Collection of Micro- and Nanocarrier-Functionalized Polysaccharide Fibers
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Macromolecular materials and engineering. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 1438-7492 .- 1439-2054. ; 307:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous polysaccharide fibers and nonwovens—based on cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, chitosan, or alginate—containing biopolymeric microcapsules (MC) or mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are prepared using a wet-spinning or solution blowing technique. The MCs are homogeneously distributed in the fiber matrices whereas the MSNs form discrete micron-sized aggregates as demonstrated using scanning electron-, fluorescence-, and confocal microscopy. By encapsulating the model compound pyrene, it is shown that 95% of the substance remains in the fiber during the formation process as compared to only 7% for the nonencapsulated substance. The material comprising the MC has a strong impact on the release behavior of the encapsulated pyrene as investigated using methanol extraction. MCs based on poly(l-lactic acid) prove to be practically impermeable with no pyrene released in contrast to MCs based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) which allow for diffusion of pyrene through the MC and fiber as visualized using fluorescence microscopy. © 2022 The Authors.
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| 4. |
- Wahlander, K, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical effects of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran in acute treatment of patients with pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Thrombosis Research. - 1879-2472. ; 107:3-4, s. 93-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Ximelagatran is a novel, oral direct thrombin inhibitor that is currently being investigated for the prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic events. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical effects of melagatran, the active form of ximelagatran, in patients with both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Materials and methods: In this open-label study, 12 patients received a fixed dose of 48 mg oral ximelagatran twice daily for 6-9 days. Plasma samples were collected for determination of melagatran concentrations and scintigraphic changes and adverse events were recorded. Results: Peak plasma concentrations of melagatran were attained approximately 2 h after administration of ximelagatran. Melagatran plasma concentration profiles were similar on Days 1, 2, and 6-9. Plasma activated partial thromboplastin time increased following administration of ximelagatran and reached a peak that was approximately twofold higher than the predose activated partial thromboplastin time and correlated with melagatran plasma concentrations (R-2 = 0.69). All but one patient (with malignancy) showed regressed or unchanged lung scintigraphic findings, and six of these demonstrated no, or only minor, perfusion defects at central evaluation after 6-9 days of ximelagatran treatment. Clinical symptoms, including chest pain, dyspnoea, cough, and oedema, and pain in the affected leg, were improved. Ximelagatran was well tolerated with no deaths or severe bleeding events reported during treatment. Conclusion: Treatment with a fixed dose of oral ximelagatran, used without routine coagulation monitoring, showed reproducible pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics with a rapid onset of action and promising clinical results in patients with pulmonary embolism.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Alexandersson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Extended automated quantification algorithm (AQuA) for targeted 1H NMR metabolomics of highly complex samples: application to plant root exudates
- 2023
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Ingår i: Metabolomics. - 1573-3882 .- 1573-3890. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The Automated Quantification Algorithm (AQuA) is a rapid and efficient method for targeted NMR-based metabolomics, currently optimised for blood plasma. AQuA quantifies metabolites from 1D-H-1 NMR spectra based on the height of only one signal per metabolite, which minimises the computational time and workload of the method without compromising the quantification accuracy.Objectives To develop a fast and computationally efficient extension of AQuA for quantification of selected metabolites in highly complex samples, with minimal prior sample preparation. In particular, the method should be capable of handling interferences caused by broad background signals.Methods An automatic baseline correction function was combined with AQuA into an automated workflow, the extended AQuA, for quantification of metabolites in plant root exudate NMR spectra that contained broad background signals and baseline distortions. The approach was evaluated using simulations as well as a spike-in experiment in which known metabolite amounts were added to a complex sample matrix.Results The extended AQuA enables accurate quantification of metabolites in 1D-H-1 NMR spectra with varying complexity. The method is very fast (< 1 s per spectrum) and can be fully automated.Conclusions The extended AQuA is an automated quantification method intended for 1D-H-1 NMR spectra containing broad background signals and baseline distortions. Although the method was developed for plant root exudates, it should be readily applicable to any NMR spectra displaying similar issues as it is purely computational and applied to NMR spectra post-acquisition.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Daniel P., et al.
(författare)
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Relation among hypertriglyceridaemia, cardiometabolic disease, and hereditary factors : design and rationale of the Stockholm hyperTRIglyceridaemia REGister study
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal Open. - : Oxford University Press. - 2752-4191. ; 4:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsHypertriglyceridaemia (hTG) is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, pancreatitis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in large population-based studies. The understanding of the impact of hereditary hTG and cardiometabolic disease status on the development of hTG and its associated cardiometabolic outcomes is more limited. We aimed to establish a multigenerational cohort to enable studies of the relationship between hTG, cardiometabolic disease and hereditary factors.Methods and resultsThe population-based observational Stockholm hyperTRIglyceridaemia REGister (STRIREG) study includes 1 460 184 index individuals who have measured plasma triglycerides in the clinical routine in Region Stockholm, Sweden, between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2021. The laboratory measurements also included basic haematology, blood lipid panel, liver function tests, and HbA1c. Using the Swedish Multi-Generation register, 2 147 635 parents and siblings to the indexes were identified to form the complete study cohort. Laboratory data from participants were combined with data from several national registers that provided information on the cause of death, medical diagnoses, dispensed medicines, and socioeconomic factors including country of birth, education level, and marital status.ConclusionThe multi-generational longitudinal STRIREG cohort provides a unique opportunity to investigate different aspects of hTG as well as heredity for other metabolic diseases. Important outcome measures include mortality, cardiovascular mortality, major cardiovascular events, development of incident diabetes, and NAFLD. The STRIREG study will provide a deeper understanding of the impact of hereditary factors and associated cardiometabolic complications.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Research. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip. Moreover, we find that the experience of anger is consistently the strongest predictor of judgments of confrontation, compared to other emotions. Although the link between state-based emotions and judgments may seem universal, its strength varies across countries. Aligned with theoretical predictions, this link is stronger in societies, and among individuals, that place higher value on individual autonomy. Thus, autonomy values may increase the role that emotions play in guiding judgments of social sanctions.
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| 9. |
- Arfvidsson, Gustav Frisk, et al.
(författare)
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Design Considerations for Short Alerts and Notification Sounds in a Retail Environment
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Sound and Music Computing Conferences. - : Sound and Music Computing Network. - 9788894541540 ; , s. 261-267
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The design and noticeability of alert sounds have been widely researched and reported, and not least, notification sounds are ubiquitous in both software and hardware product development. In an ongoing research project concerning the retail industry, we aim at designing short alert sounds that only grab attention from one group of customers, while others do not register the alerts: this particular aspect has to our knowledge not yet been studied. To establish design guidelines for such alert sounds, we conducted an experiment where test subjects would experience ordinary shopping activity including background music and an ambient soundscape in a virtual reality clothing store, but with added alert sounds. We tested, specifically, six differently designed sound alerts belonging to two classes: contextual-specific congruent sounds, and incongruent sounds that did not fit the sonic context. The results disproved our assumptions that incongruent sounds would outperform the congruent and thus in the context more anticipated sounds. The findings suggest that alert sounds can be designed with subtlety and still be noticeable and that customers will not necessarily be annoyed. We present here a first approach towards design guidelines for short alert sounds in a shop environment. Copyright: © 2021 the Authors.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Berggren, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanistic Studies on the Water-Oxidizing Reaction of Homogeneous Manganese-Based Catalysts : Isolation and Characterization of a Suggested Catalytic Intermediate
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 50:8, s. 3425-3430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis, isolation, and characterization of two high-valent manganese dimers with isomeric ligands are reported. The complexes are synthesized and crystallized from solutions of low-valent precursors exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The crystal structures display centrosymmetric complexesconsisting of Mn2 IV,IV(μ-O)2 cores, with one ligand coordinating to each manganese. The ligands coordinate with the diaminoethane backbone, the carboxylate, and one of the two pyridines, while the second pyridine is noncoordinating. The activity of these complexes, under water oxidation conditions, is discussed in light of a proposed mechanism for water oxidation, in which this type of complexes have been suggested as a key intermediate.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Berggren, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and characterisation of low valent Mn-complexes as models for Mn-catalases
- 2010
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; 39:45, s. 11035-11044
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we report the synthesis of two novel manganese complexes, [L1(3)Mn(6)(II)](ClO4)(6) (1 center dot(ClO4)(6)) and [L2Mn(2)(II)(mu-OAc)(mu-Cl)](ClO4)(2) (2 center dot(ClO4)(2)), where L1(2-) is the 2,2'-(1,3-phenylenebis(methylene))bis-((2-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)ethyl)azanediyl)diacetic acid anion and L2 is N1,N1'-(1,3-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(N2,N2'-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine). The ligands Na(2)L1 and L2 are built on the same backbone, L2 only contains nitrogen donors, while two carboxylate arms have been introduced in Na(2)L1. The two complexes have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, EPR spectroscopy, and electrochemistry. X-Ray crystallography revealed that 1 is a manganese(II) hexamer and 2 is a manganese(II) dimer featuring an unprecedented mono-mu-acetato, mono-mu-chlorido bridging motif. The ability of the complexes to catalyse H2O2 disproportionation, thereby acting as models for manganese catalases, has been investigated and compared to the activity of two other related manganese complexes. The introduction of carboxylate donors in the ligands, leading to increased denticity, resulted in a drop in H2O2 disproportionation activity.
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| 15. |
- Berggren, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity Study of a New Penta-Coordinated Mn(II) Complex
- 2009
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Ingår i: Applied Magnetic Resonance. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-9347 .- 1613-7507. ; 36:1, s. 9-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A penta-coordinated Mn(II) compound [dqpMnCl2] (1) (dqp = 2,6-di-(8-quinoline-yl)-pyridine) has been synthesized and its X-ray crystallographic structure is reported here. Magnetic susceptibility measurements confirmed a high-spin Mn(II) (S = 5/2) center in 1. The X-band EPR spectrum of 1 in dimethylformamide solution exhibits widely distributed transitions in the spectral range from 0 to 700 mT with particularly well-resolved hyperfine lines due to the 55Mn (I = 5/2) nucleus. The abundance of highly resolved transition lines in the spectrum facilitated the electron paramagnetic resonance spectral simulation which revealed large zero-field splitting and g-anisotropies. When dissolved, 1 exists in equilibrium with a hexa-coordinated species, the latter probably resulting from disassociation of one chlorido-ligand allowing ligation of two solvent molecules. The redox behavior of 1 was studied and was compared to that of a structural analog for which water oxidation in the presence of a chemical oxidant has been shown. The results from water oxidation trials of 1 are discussed
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| 16. |
- Berggren, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Tetraethylammonium [12,12-diethyl-2,2,9,9-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraza-5,6-benzotridecane-3 ,8,11,13-tetraone(4-)]oxidomanganate(V)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section E. - 1600-5368. ; 63:11, s. M2672-M2673
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Mn-V complex in the title compound, (C8H20N)[ Mn(C21H26N4O4)O], is interesting as it has been suggested that Mn-V oxospecies are intermediates both in epoxidation of alkenes and in water oxidation in PSII, i.e. photosystem II, the protein found in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, which uses light to split water into O-2, protons and electrons. The Mn atom has a square-pyramidal coordination of four N atoms with an apical O atom. The four N atoms coordinating to Mn [Mn-N = 1.872 (2)-1.882 (2) angstrom] form a plane within 0.03 (3) angstrom from which the Mn ion is displaced by 0.582 (2) angstrom.
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| 17. |
- Berggren, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Two tetranuclear Mn-complexes as biomimetic models of the oxygen evolving complex in Photosystem II - A synthesis, characterisation and reactivity study
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; 45, s. 10044-10054
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we report the preparation of two metallamacrocyclic tetranuclear manganese(II) complexes, [L1(4)Mn(4)](ClO4)(4) and [L2(4)Mn(4)](ClO4)(4) where L1 and L2 are the anions of the heptadentate ligands 2-((2-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) amino) ethyl)(methyl) amino) acetic acid and 2-(benzyl(2-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) amino) ethyl) amino) acetic acid), respectively. The complexes have been fully characterized by ESI-MS, elemental analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and EPR spectroscopy. Electrochemical reactions as well as reactions with different chemical redox reagents have been performed and a reversible two electron oxidation per manganese ion has been identified. The reaction of [L1(4)Mn(4)](ClO4)(4) with oxone or cerium(IV) results in the evolution of oxygen which makes this system interesting for future studies in the search for a functional mimic of the oxygen evolving complex in Photosystem II.
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| 18. |
- Brolen, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Hepatocyte-like cells derived from human embryonic stem cells specifically via definitive endoderm and a progenitor stage
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4863 .- 0168-1656. ; 145:3, s. 284-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human embryonic stem cells offer a potential unlimited supply for functional hepatocytes, since they can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells displaying a characteristic hepatic morphology and expressing various hepatic markers. These cells could be used in various applications such as studies of drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity, which however, would require a significant expression of drug metabolizing enzymes. To derive these cells we use a stepwise differentiation protocol where growth- and maturation factors are added. The first phase involves the formation of definitive endoderm. Next, these cells are treated with factors known to promote the induction and proliferation towards hepatic progenitor cell types. In the last phase the cells are terminally differentiated and maturated into functional hepatocyte-like cells. The cultures were characterized by analysis of endodermal or hepatic markers and compared to cultures derived without induction via definitive endoderm. Hepatic functions such as urea secretion, glycogen storage, indocyanine green uptake and secretion, and cytochrome P450-expression and activity were evaluated. The DE-Hep showed a hepatocyte morphology with sub-organized cells and exhibited many liver-functions including transporter activity and capacity to metabolize drugs specific for important cytochrome P450 sub-families. This represents an importantstep in differentiation of hESC into functional hepatocytes. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
- Carlsson, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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A real-estate price index for Stockholm, 1726–1875
- 2022
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Ingår i: Banking, Bonds, National Wealth, and Stockholm House Prices, 1420–2020. - Stockholm : Ekerlids förlag. - 9789189323605 ; , s. 297-334
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter presents new, nominal and real price indices for real estate in Stockholm from 1726 up to 1875. The new series presented here can be linked to already existing price indices for real estate in Stockholm: from 1875 up to 1957; from 1957 to1975 3 and; from 1975 up to 2020.For this, a new database is used that covers registered real estate transactions in the present inner city of Stockholm for the period and the method of repeated sales is applied. The indices are based on information from 22,169 unique transactions. To control for qualitative changes inthe housing stock, a database of 7,915 issued building permits has been used.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Dahlin, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Bokbyggare : Carlsson Bokförlag under trettio år
- 2013. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Läsandets, författarnas och bokens kulturella betydelser är kontinuerligt föremål för diskussion. Betydligt mindre uppmärksamhet har ägnats den verksamhet som är förutsättningen för en god bokutgivning, bokförlagen. Kanske till och med att kunskapen om vad ett bokförlag, med sina förläggare, redaktörer och formgivare, egentligen gör inte är så spridd. I den här boken beskrivs ett svenskt bokförlag och dess verksamhet under en trettioårsperiod. Vi får inblickar i hur manuskript tas emot, vad det är som formar en inriktning på utgivningen, hur det vardagliga arbetet på förlaget ser ut, vad som väntar böckerna när de publiceras och hur ett bokförlag kan resonera kring sin roll som kulturellt projekt. Ett drygt tjugotal författare redovisar dessutom sina erfarenheter av bokförlag och vad dessa kan betyda för det egna författarskapet.
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| 22. |
- Edvinsson, Rodney, et al.
(författare)
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A real estate price index for Stockholm, Sweden 1818–2018 : putting the last decades housing price boom in a historical perspective
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 69:1, s. 83-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier research describes the development of real housing prices as a ‘hockey stick’, i.e. of long stagnation followed by a sharp upturn in recent decades. A problem is that there are very few indices of residential property covering longer periods. Using a database of around 10,900 sales, this study presents a historical housing price index for Stockholm 1818–1875, which extend a previous index by 57 years, one of the longest for any city. A so-called repeated sales index is compared to a sales price appraisals ratio index. We show that in real terms there have been two long upswings, in 1855–1887 and 1993–2018. In other periods, real prices were stagnant or even slightly declining. The nineteenth century upturn did not end in a crash, but was followed by stagnation for a century. There are many similarities between the two upturns. For example, both coincided with the demographic expansion and were preceded by deregulations. During both periods, properties became more expensive relative income levels.
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| 23. |
- Engberg, Alva Vilpi, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Dysphagia and Risk of Malnutrition in Elderly Living in Nursing Homes
- 2024
-
Ingår i: DYSPHAGIA. - 0179-051X .- 1432-0460.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swallowing difficulties commonly co-occur with malnutrition in the elderly. However, there is no consensus on which assessment tools to use, and thus reported prevalence varies. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of dysphagia and risk of malnutrition in elderly people in nursing homes, evaluate the possible associations between swallowing function and malnutrition and survey whether there were associations between self-perceived function and the results of a screening of dysphagia. A total of 35 residents (aged 67-100 years old) without serious cognitive impairment in the general wards of two nursing homes in Gothenburg were investigated. Swallowing ability was assessed with the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) test, self-rated swallowing ability with the 4QT and the Swedish Eating Assessment Tool-10 (S-EAT-10) and risk of malnutrition with the Minimal Eating Observation and Nutrition Form-Version 2 (MEONF-II). Eleven participants (31.4%) exhibited dysphagia according to the GUSS and 10 participants (29.4%) showed moderate or high risk of malnutrition. In total 16 (46%) participants reported abnormal swallowing on 4QT and 14 (40%) participants reported abnormal swallowing on S-EAT-10. However, less than half of these had dysphagia according to the GUSS. No association was found between swallowing ability measured by the GUSS and risk of malnutrition, although a tendency towards a weak association was noted, or self-rated swallowing ability measured by the 4QT and S-EAT-10. The study found that approximately one-third of the tested participants presented with signs of dysphagia as measured with the screening instrument GUSS, even though only a few were known to have any difficulties prior to testing. This highlights that dysphagia is probably more prevalent than patients themselves and caregivers are aware of, thus, screening is of importance, to enable safer nutritional intake.
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| 24. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study : objectives and design
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 278:6, s. 645-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30 000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. The information obtained will be used to improve risk prediction of cardiopulmonary diseases and optimize the ability to study disease mechanisms. A comprehensive pilot study in 1111 individuals, which was completed in 2012, demonstrated the feasibility and financial and ethical consequences of SCAPIS. Recruitment to the national, multicentre study has recently started.
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| 25. |
- Ergun Dönmez, Merve, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
-
Playing with Protic Additives to Improve the Outcome of Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Fullerene C60 with Arylboronic Acids
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Helvetica Chimica Acta. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0018-019X .- 1522-2675. ; 107
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new one-phase process for hydroarylation of C60 fullerene using arylboronic acids and a rhodium catalyst in an aromatic solvent containing soluble protic additives is described. Yields of monohydroarylated product with tert-butanol and water as the protic additive range from 14 to 50% depending on which arylboronic acid is used after reaction times of 4 hours or less which is a significant improvement from the outcome of reactions carried out using conditions from the literature. Accurate monitoring of reaction outcomes was achieved by a combination of UV-Vis spectroscopy and 1H-NMR spectroscopy: C60 conversion was determined using an analytical HPLC-UV-vis method employing commonly available columns for the separation, while product formation was quantified by 1H-NMR spectroscopy with an internal standard. Moreover, two new arylboronic acids carrying 4-alkynyl aryl substituents, synthesized using Sonogashira couplings, are reported, as well as the use of these in the hydroarylation of C60.
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| 26. |
- Eriksson, Britas Klemens, et al.
(författare)
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Declines in predatory fish promote bloom-forming macroalgae.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ecological Applications. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582. ; 19:8, s. 1975-1988
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the Baltic Sea, increased dominance of ephemeral and bloom-forming algae is presently attributed to increased nutrient loads. Simultaneously, coastal predatory fish are in strong decline. Using field data from nine areas covering a 700-km coastline, we examined whether formation of macroalgal blooms could be linked to the composition of the fish community. We then tested whether predator or nutrient availability could explain the field patterns in two small-scale field experiments, by comparing joint effects on algal net production from nutrient enrichment with agricultural fertilizer and exclusion of larger predatory fish with cages. We also manipulated the presence of invertebrate grazers. The abundance of piscivorous fish had a strong negative correlation with the large-scale distribution of bloom-forming macroalgae. Areas with depleted top-predator communities displayed massive increases in their prey, small-bodied fish, and high covers of ephemeral algae. Combining the results from the two experiments showed that excluding larger piscivorous fish: (1) increased the abundance of small-bodied predatory fish; (2) changed the size distribution of the dominating grazers, decreasing the smaller gastropod scrapers; and (3) increased the net production of ephemeral macroalgae. Effects of removing top predators and nutrient enrichment were similar and additive, together increasing the abundance of ephemeral algae many times. Predator effects depended on invertebrate grazers; in the absence of invertebrates there were no significant effects of predator exclusion on algal production. Our results provide strong support for regional declines of larger predatory fish in the Baltic Sea promoting algal production by decreasing invertebrate grazer control. This highlights the importance of trophic interactions for ecosystem responses to eutrophication. The view emerges that to achieve management goals for water quality we need to consider the interplay between top-down and bottom-up processes in future ecosystem management of marine resources.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Eriksson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of myeloid and endothelial cells by CD40L gene therapy supports T-cell expansion and migration into the tumor microenvironment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Gene Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0969-7128 .- 1476-5462. ; 24:2, s. 92-103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD40 is an interesting target in cancer immunotherapy due to its ability to stimulate T-helper 1 immunity via maturation of dendritic cells and to drive M2 to M1 macrophage differentiation. Pancreatic cancer has a high M2 content that has shown responsive to anti-CD40 agonist therapy and CD40 may thus be a suitable target for immune activation in these patients. In this study, a novel oncolytic adenovirus armed with a trimerized membrane-bound extracellular CD40L (TMZ-CD40L) was evaluated as a treatment of pancreatic cancer. Further, the CD40L mechanisms of action were elucidated in cancer models. The results demonstrated that the virus transferring TMZ-CD40L had oncolytic capacity in pancreatic cancer cells and could control tumor progression. TMZ-CD40L was a potent stimulator of human myeloid cells and T-cell responses. Further, CD40L-mediated stimulation increased tumor-infiltrating T cells in vivo, which may be due to a direct activation of endothelial cells to upregulate receptors for lymphocyte attachment and transmigration. In conclusion, CD40L-mediated gene therapy is an interesting concept for the treatment of tumors with high levels of M2 macrophages, such as pancreatic cancer, and an oncolytic virus as carrier of CD40L may further boost tumor killing and immune activation.
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| 32. |
- Eriksson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Gemcitabine reduces MDSCs, tregs and TGF beta-1 while restoring the teff/treg ratio in patients with pancreatic cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Translational Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5876. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cancer immunotherapy can be potentiated by conditioning regimens such as cyclophosphamide, which reduces the level of regulatory T cells (tregs). However, myeloid suppressive cells are still remaining. Accordingly to previous reports, gemcitabine improves immune status of cancer patients. In this study, the role of gemcitabine was further explored to map its immunological target cells and molecules in patients with pancreatic cancer.Methods: Patient blood was investigated by flow cytometry and cytokine arrays at different time points during gemcitabine treatment.Results: The patients had elevated myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and Tregs at diagnosis. Myeloid cells were in general decreased by gemcitabine. The granulocytic MDSCs were significantly reduced while monocytic MDSCs were not affected. In vitro, monocytes responding to IL-6 by STAT3 phosphorylation were prevented to respond in gemcitabine medium. However, gemcitabine could not prevent STAT3 phosphorylation in IL-6-treated tumor cell lines. TGF beta-1 was significantly reduced after only one treatment and continued to decrease. At the same time, the effector T cell:Treg ratio was increased and the effector T cells had full proliferative capacity during the gemcitabine cycle. However, after a resting period, the level of suppressor cells and TGF beta-1 had been restored showing the importance of continuous conditioning.Conclusions: Gemcitabine regulates the immune system in patients with pancreatic cancer including MDSCs, Tregs and molecules such as TGF beta-1 but does not hamper the ability of effector lymphocytes to expand to stimuli. Hence, it may be of high interest to use gemcitabine as a conditioning strategy together with immunotherapy.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Eriksson, Gustav, 1994
(författare)
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Atom Probe Tomography Investigations of Biologically Relevant Nanoparticles
- 2022
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study of materials at the nanoscale is essential in many scientific disciplines. For example, in materials science the size of the building blocks of a material is directly linked to its properties. New materials are constantly being developed having features at the nanoscale, for example nanoparticles that are used in fields such as catalysis, electronics, and medicine. In biology, many features exist which have nanosized structures including proteins. The 3D secondary structure of proteins is directly linked to their functions; hence structure determination of proteins is of high interest to gain information of biological processes that serves the development of future medicines. Due to the importance of nanostructures, many methods for their investigation have been developed such as X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and atom probe tomography. These methods rely on different probes and are thus often considered complementary as they provide different information. For the same reason, they put different constraints or limitations on the materials studied. In this work, two novel methods for studying nanoparticles of biological relevance, gold nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, have been developed for analysis using atom probe tomography. Gold nanoparticles are popularly used as markers for biomolecules and to immobilize biomolecules on surfaces with retained function and activity. Several methods have been developed in the last decade to study nanoparticles using atom probe tomography, generally involving forming a metal matrix embedding the particles in a material from which a specimen can be made. In this thesis, an alternative approach utilizing a silica matrix made by a sol-gel method used to embed a gold nanoparticle covered surface is presented. This silica-based method provides an environment for the particles that is similar to an aqueous environment. Nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite, a mineral that is found in bone and teeth, are commonly used as biomaterials, for example as coatings to improve the performance of surgical implants. In this thesis, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles immobilized onto titanium are examined. The analysed surfaces were sputter coated with chromium, forming a matrix that allows for correlative transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography analysis. It is shown that calcium and phosphorous integrated into the surface oxide of the titanium, revealing detailed insights on immobilization of the nanoparticles on the surface. This integration resembles the osseointegration of bone when compared to similar titanium implants being introduced to the human body.
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| 35. |
- Eriksson, Gustav, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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Atomically Resolved Interfacial Analysis of Bone-Like Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Titanium
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced NanoBiomed Research. - 2699-9307. ; 3:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Titanium is commonly used for medical devices, including osseointegrating implants, owing to its biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Nanostructuring titanium implants is known to enhance the healing process by promoting bone growth on the implant surface. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, resembling natural bone mineral, have been used to further improve osseointegration. While previous studies have investigated the osseointegration of titanium implants using atom probe tomography, limited research has focused on the attachment of synthetic hydroxyapatite to titanium. Herein, electron microscopy and atom probe tomography are used to reveal the assembly of synthetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in the titanium oxide surface. By sputter coating with chromium, a suitable matrix is formed for detailed interfacial analysis. The results demonstrate the diffusion of calcium, phosphorus, and carbon from hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into the titanium oxide surface. Titanium is commonly used for medical devices, owing to its biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Nanostructuring titanium implants with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, resembling natural bone mineral, enhances the healing process by promoting bone growth on the implant surface. Herein, atom probe tomography reveals the assembly of synthetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in the titanium oxide surface.image & COPY; 2023 WILEY-VCH GmbH
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| 36. |
- Eriksson, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Boundary and interface methods for energy stable finite difference discretizations of the dynamic beam equation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Computational Physics. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9991 .- 1090-2716. ; 476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider energy stable summation by parts finite difference methods (SBP-FD) for the homogeneous and piecewise homogeneous dynamic beam equation (DBE). Previously the constant coefficient problem has been solved with SBP-FD together with penalty terms (SBP-SAT) to impose boundary conditions. In this work, we revisit this problem and compare SBP-SAT to the projection method (SBP-P). We also consider the DBE with discontinuous coefficients and present novel SBP-SAT, SBP-P, and hybrid SBP-SAT-P discretizations for imposing interface conditions. To demonstrate the methodology for two-dimensional problems, we also present a discretization of the piecewise homogeneous dynamic Kirchoff-Love plate equation based on the hybrid SBP-SAT-P method. Numerical experiments show that all methods considered are similar in terms of accuracy, but that SBP-P can be more computationally efficient (less restrictive time step requirement for explicit time integration methods) for both the constant and piecewise constant coefficient problems.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Eriksson, Gustav
(författare)
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Non-conforming Interface Conditions for the Second-Order Wave Equation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Scientific Computing. - : Springer. - 0885-7474 .- 1573-7691. ; 95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Imposition methods of interface conditions for the second-order wave equation with non-conforming grids is considered. The spatial discretization is based on high order finite differences with summation-by-parts properties. Previously presented solution methods for this problem, based on the simultaneous approximation term (SAT) method, have shown to introduce significant stiffness. This can lead to highly inefficient schemes. Here, two new methods of imposing the interface conditions to avoid the stiffness problems are presented: (1) a projection method and (2) a hybrid between the projection method and the SAT method. Numerical experiments are performed using traditional and order-preserving interpolation operators. Both of the novel methods retain the accuracy and convergence behavior of the previously developed SAT method but are significantly less stiff.
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| 39. |
- Eriksson, Gustav, 1994-
(författare)
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Robust and efficient discretizations of wave-dominated problems
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Partial differential equations appear in mathematical models that describe a wide range of physical phenomena, such as sound pressure waves in the air, the vibrations of solid structures, and the flow of fluids. Unfortunately, most of these problems can not be solved analytically using pen and paper. Instead, we turn to numerical methods and computer simulations to obtain approximate solutions. In this thesis, the focus is on high-order accurate finite difference methods for wave propagation and fluid dynamical problems. High-order finite difference methods are conceptually simple to design and implement efficiently on modern computers. However, special care must be taken close to boundaries to obtain robust and stable schemes. In this thesis, a class of finite difference operators with summation-by-parts (SBP) properties is used. These operators satisfy a discrete equivalent to intergration-by-parts which, when the boundary conditions are correctly imposed, enables a stability proof for the discretized scheme. Two such methods for imposing boundary conditions are studied and compared in the thesis, the simultaneous-approximation-term (SAT) method and the projection (P) method.In Paper I a high-order accurate finite difference discretization of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is presented, where the projection method is found to be more suitable for wall boundary conditions. In Paper II the SBP-SAT and SBP-P methods are compared for boundary and interface conditions to the dynamic beam equation and the dynamic Kirchoff-Love plate equation. A new SBP-P and hybrid SBP-P-SAT method is developed for non-conforming interface conditions to the second-order wave equation in Paper III. In Paper IV shape optimization problems constrained by the second-order wave equation are solved using high-order SBP-P-SAT finite difference discretizations. Theoretical aspects of the projection method are discussed in Paper V. In Paper VI SBP operators defined on Gauss-Lobatto quadrature points are used to derive an efficient and robust scheme for the Laplacian on complex geometries.
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| 40. |
- Eriksson, Gustav, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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Silica-embedded Gold Nanoparticles Analyzed by Atom Probe Tomography
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Microscopy and Microanalysis. - 1435-8115 .- 1431-9276. ; In Press
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoparticles are utilized in a multitude of applications due to their unique properties. Consequently, characterization of nanoparticles is crucial, and various methods have been employed in these pursuits. One such method is Atom Probe Tomography (APT). However, existing sample preparation techniques for APT generally involve embedding of the nanoparticles in a matrix different from their environment in solutions or at solid-liquid interfaces. In this work, we demonstrate a methodology based on silica embedding and explore how it can be utilized to form a matrix for nanoparticles suitable for APT analysis. Through chemisorption to a surface, gold nanoparticles were densely packed, ensuring a high probability of encountering at least one particle in the APT analyses. The nanoparticle-covered surface was embedded in a silica film, replacing the water and thus making this method suitable for studying nanoparticles in their hydrated state. The nanoparticle's silver content and its distribution, originating from the nanoparticle synthesis, could be identified in the APT analysis. Sodium clusters, possibly originating from the sodium citrate used to stabilize the particles in solution, were observed on the nanoparticle surfaces. This indicates the potential for silica embedding to be used for studying ligands on nanoparticles in their hydrated state. Graphical Abstract
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Eriksson, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Weak Versus Strong Wall Boundary Conditions for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Scientific Computing. - : Springer Nature. - 0885-7474 .- 1573-7691. ; 92:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pressure-velocity formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is solved using high-order finite difference operators satisfying a summation-by-parts property. Two methods for imposing Dirichlet boundary conditions (one strong and one weak) are presented and proven stable using the energy method. Additionally, novel diagonal-norm second-derivative finite difference operators are derived with highly improved boundary accuracy. Accuracy and convergence measurements are presented and verified against theoretical expectations. Numerical experiments also show that subtle effects close to solid walls are more efficiently captured with strong boundary condition imposition methods rather than weak (less degrees of freedom required).
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| 43. |
- Eriksson, Henrik, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing Digital Information Management Between Design and Production in Industrialised House-Building – A Case Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 36th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2019). - : The International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (I.A.A.R.C.). ; , s. 340-347
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Managing digital information in construction is commonly described through Building Information Modelling (BIM), which advocates seamless chains of information, increased coordination between different actors and a life-cycle perspective on information management. However, low adoption outside the design phase entails that handling information in production is in many cases manual and paper-based, which increases vulnerability for upstream errors materialising downstream in production. Furthermore, issues with interoperability surround many areas when managing digital information. For industrialised house-builders, the transmitter and receiver of information are in many cases integrated within the same company or based on long-term collaboration. This affects their ability to manage information and utilise design information, which implies that their strategy for digital information management (DIM) might benefit from being addressed differently compared to more traditional BIM-based approaches. In this paper, we describe and discuss an implemented DIM-solution at an industrialised house-builder in order to address the benefits and challenges with DIM when managing information from design to production. The results imply that in order for several different functions within the company to reap benefits, a customised DIM-solution adapted after the company's specific needs is a well-suited approach forward to avoid sacrificing functionality when utilising design information.
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| 44. |
- Eriksson, Henrik, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring product modularity in residential building areas
- 2021
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores how the logic of product modularity could be useful for the design of complete residential building areas. Previous research has noted that product modularity is usually only applicable if a ‘full modularization’ approach is pursued (i.e., an approach with completely defined modules). This is challenging in Engineer To Order production strategies. Therefore, an approach towards partial product modularity is sought instead. In this approach, the modules are lesser defined to allow flexibility following, e.g., architectural design freedom, as well as per project-specific requirements posed in house-building projects. This study identifies nine (9) ‘modules’ which are denominated as functional spaces. By explaining how unique project requirements affect functional spaces, some integral elements of house-building are detailed. By evaluating the functional spaces in regards to the level of predefinition, as well as the level of relationship, their level of modularity is explored. The usefulness of partial modularity for house-building is suggested to be for coordination of design work and support tools that aides design work. This study suggests that partial modularity can be a feasible approach towards modularity without the need for countermeasures in terms of increasing product predefinition.
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| 45. |
- Eriksson, Johan, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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An atom probe tomography study of the chemistry of radiation-induced dislocation loops in Zircaloy-2 exposed to boiling water reactor operation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3115. ; 550
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is complementary to previous atom probe tomography (APT) studies of irradiation effects in the zirconium alloy Zircaloy-2. Using APT in voltage pulse mode, a difference in morphology was observed between clusters of Fe and Ni and clusters of Fe and Cr in Zircaloy-2 exposed to a high fast neutron fluence in a commercial boiling water reactor. The Fe–Ni clusters were disc-shaped with a diameter of 5–15 nm, whereas the Fe–Cr clusters were spheroidal with a diameter of approximately 5 nm. Both types of clusters appeared to be located at irradiation-induced -type dislocation loops aligned in layers normal to the -direction. The concentration of Fe was higher in the Fe–Cr clusters than in the Fe–Ni clusters. The dilute Fe–Ni clusters, which seem to be segregation of Fe and Ni inside the loops, had formed on all three families of first-order prismatic planes with some deviation from perfect -axis alignment. The Fe–Cr clusters might be very small precipitates with a nucleation associated with the loops.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Eriksson, Johan, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoscale chemistry of Zircaloy-2 exposed to three and nine annual cycles of boiling water reactor operation — an atom probe tomography study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3115. ; 561
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atom probe tomography was used in this work to study the metal close to the metal/oxide interface in the zirconium alloy Zircaloy-2 exposed to three and nine annual cycles of operation in a commercial boiling water reactor. The two exposure times correspond to before and after the onset of acceleration in corrosion, hydrogen pickup, and growth. The alloying elements Sn, Fe, Cr, and Ni were observed to be redistributed after exposure. After both three and nine cycles, clusters containing Fe and Cr and typically of a spheroidal shape with an approximate diameter of 5 nm were observed to be located in layers presumed to be layers of -loops. On average, the cluster number density was slightly higher after nine cycles, with larger and more Cr-rich clusters. However, there were large grain-to-grain variations, which were larger than the differences between the two exposure times. Ni was only occasionally observed in the clusters. Sn was observed to be slightly enriched in the Fe–Cr clusters, but the Sn concentration was higher between than inside the layers of clusters. After nine cycles, clusters of Sn were detected in regions that were depleted of Fe and Cr. Enrichment of Sn, Fe, and Ni at features that appeared to be -component loops was observed after nine cycles, whereas no such features were observed after three cycles. Enrichment of Sn and Fe, and small amounts of Cr and Ni, was observed at grain boundaries after both exposure times. After three cycles, a partially dissolved second phase particle of Zr(Fe,Cr)2 type that contained about ten times more Cr than Fe was observed.
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| 48. |
- Eriksson, Jonnie, et al.
(författare)
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Ordet/odjuret: teriantropomorfism hos Giorgio Agamben
- 2010
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Ingår i: Djurens idéhistoria. - Nora : Bokförlaget Nya Doxa. - 9789157805607 - 9157805601 ; , s. 81-105
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Den italienske filosofen Giorgio Agamben (f. 1942) reflekterar i sin L'aperto (2002) över människans försök att skilja sig från djuren, att skilja det mänskliga från det djuriska även inom människan. I denna studie placerar jag in denna bok dels i Agambens övergripande biopolitiska projekt, Homo sacer, dels in den filosofiska strömning som kallas posthumanism. Syftet är att analysera distinktionen mellan tre grekiska begrepp för former av liv – bios, zoê och thêrion – som problematiseras genom dessa texter, då de sammanförs i bilden av djur–människa-hybrider inom biblisk apokalyptik. Vilket ord kan benämna en sådan livsform och vilken är dess status i mänsklighetens historia?
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| 49. |
- Eriksson, Johan, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Solute Concentrations in the Matrix of Zirconium Alloys Studied by Atom Probe Tomography
- 2023
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Ingår i: ASTM Special Technical Publication. - 0066-0558. ; STP1645, s. 149-172
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work indicates that the matrix content of the alloying elements iron, chromium, and nickel in as-produced commercial Zircaloy-2-type materials is lower than what has been indicated by many previous studies. Atom probe tomography in voltage pulse mode was used to study the matrix content of solutes in Zircaloy-2 of type LK3/L and a similar model alloy, called Alloy 2, of the same heat treatment. Both alloys were analyzed in the as-produced state and after reactor exposure. In the as-produced materials, the concentrations of iron, chromium, and nickel were all below the detection limits of around 10 wt. ppm. After reactor exposure, these alloying elements were observed to reside in clusters at loops, and the matrix content (including clusters) of iron had increased to about 1,200 wt. ppm in the fueled region of the rod and to about half that value in the plenum region. The chromium content in the fueled region was approximately 100 wt. ppm, and the nickel content was approximately 200 wt. ppm. In the plenum region, the content of these elements was lower. However, due to an uneven distribution of clusters, there was a wide scatter in the measured concentrations in the irradiated materials. Additionally, the matrix concentrations of solute elements in (nonirradiated) Zircaloy-2 were investigated for a series of samples subjected to a annealing at 770◦C followed by cooling at different rates. From these measurements, the solubilities at 770◦C were estimated to be around 65 wt. ppm for chromium, at least 37 wt. ppm for iron, and below 9 wt. ppm for nickel. Slow cooling resulted in virtually no iron, chromium, or nickel in the matrix. The concentration of aluminum in the matrix was observed to be between 10 and 20 wt. ppm for all a-annealed samples and for the as-produced materials of commercial heat treatment.
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| 50. |
- Eriksson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial patterns of essential trace element concentrations in Swedish soils and crops
- 2017
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Ingår i: Geoderma Regional. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-0094. ; 10, s. 163-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trace element (TE) concentrations in topsoil of Swedish arable soils and grain of winter wheat, spring barley and oats are regularly monitored. Data on Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni and Zn were analysed in this study, in order to determine spatial patterns of geographical variation in concentrations and their correlations with soil parent material and bedrock geology, and to identify areas with possible TE deficiency or excess with regard to crop and livestock production and product quality. The results showed that pseudo-total (7 M HNO3extraction) concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn were elevated in heavy clay soils. Areas influenced by sedimentary rock containing alum shale clearly showed elevated concentrations of various TEs, but otherwise it was difficult to find a clear correlation between soil TE concentration and bedrock geology. This may be because in the recently glaciated Swedish landscape, the ice sheet itself and the melt water from the declining ice sheet have transported soil material over large distances and/or because of low sampling density in many parts of the country. Despite weak correlations for individual elements, there was a general correlation between concentration in soil and concentration in cereal grain for many of the elements studied. One exception was Mn, for which pH was much more important than the concentration in soil. However, there was large variation in TE concentrations within short distances, indicating that soils with high and low concentrations can exist side by side. Nevertheless, for most TE, the risk of low concentrations in crop plants appeared to be greatest on coarse-textured soils on felsic rock and on soils on sedimentary rock (other than alum shale) in southern Sweden. While soils in this region generally have lower concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn than soils in most of western and central Europe, it was difficult to find documented deficiency of elements other than Cu and Mn among those that are essential to plants. Comparing the data on cereal grain presented on this study with suggested critical values indicates possible Cu and Ni deficiency. For the cationic TEs, the generally lower pH in arable soils in Sweden may be one explanation for the modest deficiency problems observed despite rather low soil concentrations. No excessive TE concentrations in crops were recorded, but on clayey soils in eastern Sweden the concentrations were higher than the national average.
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