| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Radford, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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V. V. Davydov : Philosophy, influences, and educational ideas
- 2017
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Ingår i: Book of Abstracts. ; , s. 369-369
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- V. V. Davydov has inspired a great deal of educational research in various western schools ofeducation in general and mathematics education in particular. This symposium on some ofDavydov’s educational ideas, their philosophical background and intellectual influences islocated within the theme of “Foundations: Theoretical and research approaches.” It bringstogether scholars who, from different perspectives and backgrounds, have been working withinthe field of Activity Theory and Davydov’s ideas. Its goal is twofold. First, the symposiumendeavors to offer a critical appraisal of some of Davydov’s central concepts and to discuss thequestion of the philosophical influence in Davydov’s work. Second, it aims to present somecurrent applications of Davydov’s approach to the teaching and learning of mathematics as wellas to offer a contrast between Davydov’s approach and other approaches in mathematicseducation.To achieve its goal, the symposium is organized in two parts. The first part consists offour presentations. The second part consists of a debate and interaction with the audience.
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| 3. |
- Radford, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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V. V. Davydov: Philosophy, influences, and educational ideas
- 2018
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Ingår i: ISCAR 2017 Book of Abstracts. ; , s. 369-369
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- V. V. Davydov has inspired a great deal of educational research in various western schools of education in generaland mathematics education in particular. This symposium on some of Davydov’s educational ideas, theirphilosophical background and intellectual influences, is located within the theme of “Foundations: Theoretical andresearch approaches.” It brings together scholars who, from different perspectives and backgrounds, have beenworking within the field of Activity Theory and Davydov’s ideas. Its goal is twofold. First, the symposium endeavorsto offer a critical appraisal of some of Davydov’s central concepts and to discuss the question of the philosophicalinfluence in Davydov’s work. Second, it aims to present some current applications of Davydov’s approach to theteaching and learning of mathematics as well as to offer a contrast between Davydov’s approach and otherapproaches in mathematics education.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Helena, 1965-
(författare)
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Att utveckla algebraiskt tänkande genom lärandeverksamhet : En undervisningsutvecklande studie i flerspråkiga klasser i grundskolans tidigaste årskurser
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to develop and explore teaching possible to promote algebraic thinking together with young, multilingual students six to twelve years old. One underlying assumption for the aim is that algebraic thinking can be developed by students participating in learning activities that are characterized by collective mathematical reasoning on relations between quantities of positive whole and rational numbers. Two overall research questions support this work: (1) What in students work indicate algebraic thinking identified in learning activities and as experiences of algebraic thinking? (2) How can learning models manifest in learning activity, in what ways do learning models change and enhance, and which characteristics of learning actions are enabled? Data was produced by interviews and from research lessons with students in lower grades in a multilingual Swedish school. The research lessons were focused on learning activity as suggested by Davydov (1990, 2008/1986), aimed at developing theoretical thinking – here algebraic thinking. They were staged in two research projects conducted as networks of learning studies. In these learning studies, the group of teachers iteratively designed and revised learning activities whereby the students could identify mathematical knowledge and collectively solve mathematical problems. The findings in the articles signal that learning models were developed as rudimentary, preliminary, prototypical and finally symbolic. Rudimentary models were grounded in algebraic thinking when the students analysed problem situations and identified the problem. Preliminary and prototypical models were developed by initiating and formalising actions understood as algebraic thinking. Different tools were initiated by the students and the teachers. These tools were formalised by the students. The students used algebraic symbols and line-segments to think together when comparing different quantities (Article 2). They carried out operations using unknown quantities when reflecting on additive and multiplicative relationships (Article 3). The students also used algebraic symbols to reflect on subtraction as non-commutative (Article 3). The different tools they used interacted on different levels of generalisation (Article 1). Algebraic thinking grounded the students reflections but interacted with, for example, fractional thinking in their arguments during the development of their learning models (Article 4). The different ways of thinking interacted in arguments when developing the rudimentary, the preliminary and the prototypical models. However, in the conclusion of their collective reasoning and in the development of the symbolic learning models, these different ways of thinking were intertwined in the same arguments (Article 4).As a conclusion, the four articles signal that learning models including algebraic symbols developed in a learning activity can be used by newly-arrived immigrant students to reflect on structures of numbers.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Learning actions indicating algebraic thinking in multilingual classrooms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Educational Studies in Mathematics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0013-1954 .- 1573-0816. ; 106:3, s. 363-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses algebraic thinking regarding positive integers and rational numbers when students, 6 to 9 years old in multilingual classrooms, are engaged in an algebraic learning activity proposed by the El’konin and Davydov curriculum. The main results of this study indicate that young, newly arrived students, through tool-mediated joint reflective actions as suggested in the ED curriculum, succeeded in analysing arithmetical structures of positive integers and rational numbers. When the students participated in this type of learning activity, they were able to reflect on the general structures of numbers established as additive relationships (addition and subtraction) as well as multiplicative relationships (multiplication and division) and mixtures thereof, thus a core foundation of algebraic thinking. The students then used algebraic symbols, line segments, verbal, written, and gesture language to elaborate and construct models related to these relationships. This is in spite of the fact that most of the students were second language learners. Elaborated in common experiences staged in the lessons, the learning models appeared to bridge the lack of common verbal language as the models visualized aspects of the relationships among numbers in a public manner on the whiteboard. These learning actions created rich opportunities for bridging tensions in relation to language demands in the multilingual classroom.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Matematik som teoretiskt arbete - utveckling av matematiska modeller för rationella tal i åk 4
- 2016
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Ingår i: Forskning om undervisning och lärande. - 2000-9674 .- 2001-6131. ; 4:1, s. 6-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The teaching of rational numbers to young students (grade 4-6) is known to be difficult. It is for instance difficult for students to understand that fractions and decimal numbers may represent the same value, or that fraction has a specific place on the number line, i.e. that it is a number among other numbers. The purpose of this article is to discuss and exemplify how students can be involved in a theoretical exploration of fractions as numbers. The basis of the students’ exploration was a designed situation where they were to make measurements of wooden rods where the measurements did not make an equal, i.e. “a little bit” was missing. With these measurements students in joint discussions were able to design a general model for fractions. Such a model could be used as a tool in discussions of “the whole” and “its parts” in fractions. The article is based on data from a series of Learning studies conducted in a grade 4 in an intercultural school in 2012-2013.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Helena
(författare)
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Rationella tal som tal : Algebraiska symboler och generella modeller som medierande redskap
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study the teaching of mathematics has been developed in relation to rational numbers and towards a learning activity. At the same time topic-specific mediated tools have been studied. The iterative model for learning study has been used as research approach.The purpose of the study was to explore what in an algebraic learning activity enables knowledge of rational numbers to develop. The specific questions answered by the study are how an algebraic learning activity can be formed in an otherwise arithmetic teaching tradition, what knowledge is mediated in relation to different mediated tools and what in these tools that enable this knowledge.The result of the study shows how an algebraic learning activity can be developed to support the students to understand rational numbers even in an arithmetic teaching tradition. The important details that developed the algebraic learning activity were to identify the problem to create learning tasks and the opportunity for the students to reflect that are characteristic of a learning activity. The result also shows that the mediating tools, the algebraic symbols and the general model for fractional numbers, have had significant importance for the students' possibilities to explore rational numbers. The conditions for the algebraic symbols seem to be the possibilities for these symbols to include clues to the meaning of the symbol and that the same symbol can be used in relation to several of other mediated tools. The conditions in the general model consisted of that the integer numbers and the rational numbers in the model could be distinguished and that the students could reflect on the meaning of the different parts. The general model consists of the algebraic symbols, developed in the learning activity. The algebraic symbols make the structure of the numbers visible and the general model mediates the structure of additive and multiplicative conditions that are contained in a rational number.The result of the study contributes in part to the field of mathematics education research by examining Elkonin's and Davydov's Mathematical Curriculum in a western teaching practice and in part to a development of the model of Learning study as a didactical research approach by using an activity-theoretical perspective on design and analysis.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Eriksson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Workshop El’konin Davydov Curriculum – young students’ exploration of the base system promoting rigorous understanding of base ten
- 2024
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Ingår i: Quaderni di Ricerca in Didattica" QRDM (Mathematics). - : G.R.I.M. (Departimento di Matematica e Informatica, University of PalermoItaly). - 1592-5137 .- 1592-4424. ; :13, s. 549-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The El’konin-Davydov Curriculum (EDC), developed and tested in the 1960s and 1980s in Russia, proposes an interesting and effective method of developing students’ understanding of the general structure of the base system independent of a particular base. However, the tasks and teaching strategies developed in a cultural setting (Russia) cannot be mechanically transferred to another cultural setting (Sweden). To benefit from EDC, we try to adapt the tasks to a Swedish culture while respecting and preserving the theoretical basis. Therefore, in a workshop, we have discussed some of the tasks from the EDC in order to, without missing the theoretical basis, help young Swedish students to understand the general principles behind the base system.
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| 12. |
- Eriksson, Inger, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges when implementing the Elkonin-Davydov curriculum in mathematics
- 2022
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Ingår i: The relation between mathematics education research and teachers’ professional development. - Linköping : Svensk förening för matematikdidaktisk forskning (SMDF). ; , s. 121-124, s. 121-124
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Teachers interested in developing students’ possibilities to take part in joint discussions in problem-solving often have to deal with challenges regarding norms in the mathematics classrooms. Dominating classroom norms is a factor in mathematics teaching, be it of social or sociomathematical type. Here we address challenges in relation to norms experienced when attempting to create possibilities for mathematics learning, starting at a general and algebraical point rather than a specific and arithmetical one. We draw on two projects that explored the Elkonin-Davydov curriculum in Swedish classrooms. The results indicate that norms, of different kinds, are impedimental in different ways, when performing a theoretical work in mathematics teaching.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Eriksson, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of motility and piliation in pathogenic Neisseria
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2180. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The type IV pili (Tfp) of pathogenic Neisseria (i. e., N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis) are essential for twitching motility. Tfp retraction, which is dependent on the ATPase PilT, generates the forces that move bacteria over surfaces. Neisseria motility has mainly been studied in N. gonorrhoeae whereas the motility of N. meningitidis has not yet been characterized. Results: In this work, we analyzed bacterial motility and monitored Tfp retraction using live- cell imaging of freely moving bacteria. We observed that N. meningitidis moved over surfaces at an approximate speed of 1.6 mu m/s, whereas N. gonorrhoeae moved with a lower speed (1.0 mu/s). An alignment of the meningococcal and gonococcal pilT promoters revealed a conserved single base pair variation in the -10 promoter element that influence PilT expression. By tracking mutants with altered pilT expression or pilE sequence, we concluded that the difference in motility speed was independent of both. Live-cell imaging using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that N. gonorrhoeae more often moved with fewer visible retracting filaments when compared to N. meningitidis. Correspondingly, meningococci also displayed a higher level of piliation in transmission electron microscopy. Nevertheless, motile gonococci that had the same number of filaments as N. meningitidis still moved with a lower speed. Conclusions: These data reveal differences in both speed and piliation between the pathogenic Neisseria species during twitching motility, suggesting a difference in Tfp-dynamics.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Lundtoft, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Complement C4 Copy Number Variation is Linked to SSA/Ro and SSB/La Autoantibodies in Systemic Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 74:8, s. 1440-1450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Copy number variation of the C4 complement components, C4A and C4B, has been associated with systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. This study was undertaken to investigate whether C4 copy number variation is connected to the autoimmune repertoire in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogrens syndrome (SS), or myositis. Methods Using targeted DNA sequencing, we determined the copy number and genetic variants of C4 in 2,290 well-characterized Scandinavian patients with SLE, primary SS, or myositis and 1,251 healthy controls. Results A prominent relationship was observed between C4A copy number and the presence of SSA/SSB autoantibodies, which was shared between the 3 diseases. The strongest association was detected in patients with autoantibodies against both SSA and SSB and 0 C4A copies when compared to healthy controls (odds ratio [OR] 18.0 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 10.2-33.3]), whereas a weaker association was seen in patients without SSA/SSB autoantibodies (OR 3.1 [95% CI 1.7-5.5]). The copy number of C4 correlated positively with C4 plasma levels. Further, a common loss-of-function variant in C4A leading to reduced plasma C4 was more prevalent in SLE patients with a low copy number of C4A. Functionally, we showed that absence of C4A reduced the individuals capacity to deposit C4b on immune complexes. Conclusion We show that a low C4A copy number is more strongly associated with the autoantibody repertoire than with the clinically defined disease entities. These findings may have implications for understanding the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases and for patient stratification when taking the genetic profile into account.
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| 20. |
- Malinovschi, Andrei, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Consequences of Using Post- or Prebronchodilator Reference Values in Interpreting Spirometry
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - : American Thoracic Society. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 208:4, s. 461-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE: Post-bronchodilator (BD) spirometry is used for diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, pre-BD reference values are used for spirometry interpretation.OBJECTIVES: To compare the resulting prevalence rates of abnormal spirometry and study the consequences of using pre- or post-BD reference values generated within the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) when interpreting post-BD spirometry in a general population.METHODS: SCAPIS reference values for post-BD and pre-BD spirometry were based on 10,156 and 1,498 never-smoking, healthy participants, respectively. We studied the associations of abnormal spirometry, defined by using pre- or post-BD reference values, with respiratory burden in the SCAPIS general population (28,851 individuals).MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Bronchodilation resulted in higher predicted median and lower limit of normal (LLN) for FEV1/FVC ratio. The prevalence of post-BD FEV1/FVC < pre-bronchodilator LLN was 4.8% and that of post-BD FEV1/FVC < post-bronchodilator LLN was 9.9% for the general population. An additional 5.1% was identified as having an abnormal post-BD FEV1/FVC ratio and this group had more respiratory symptoms, emphysema (13.5% vs. 4.1%, p<0.001) and self-reported physician-diagnosed COPD (2.8% vs. 0.5%, p<0.001) than subjects with post-BD FEV1/FVC ratio > LLN for both pre- and post-bronchodilation).CONCLUSIONS: Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry reference values differ with regard to FEV1/FVC ratio. Use of post-bronchodilator reference values doubled the population prevalence of airflow obstruction; this was related to a higher respiratory burden. Using post-bronchodilator reference values when interpreting post-bronchodilator spirometry might enable identification of individuals with mild disease and be clinically relevant.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Mathioudaki, Argyri, Ph.D student, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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The sex-stratified genetic architecture of ankylosing spondylitis
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sexual dimorphism is an emerging feature of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic rheumatic condition affecting upto three times more men than women. Using 691 individuals from a Swedish case-control cohort, we revealed thatsex biases are also a hallmark of AS genetic predisposition, and that this multifactorial disease is in part driven byboth rare and common variants. We identified SNPs via the targeted re-sequencing of 7 270 coding and non-codingloci, and assessed novel patterns of association with both single marker and aggregate loci SKAT tests. The malespecific RUNX3 locus (including rs7414934, OR=2.58, p=1.7x10-5) and female specific MICB SKAT locus (27variants, p=1.2x10-6; rs3828903, OR=4.62, p=6.2x10-13) exceeded discovery thresholds. Multiple risk variants fromeach locus were shown to be functionally active in immune (Jurkat), skin (HaCat) and bone (SaOS-2) cell lines.Differential patterns of genetic predisposition may point to alternative disease mechanisms in male and femalepatients. Genetic and functional analyses demonstrated that risk alleles should not be considered in isolation and thatassociated variants would likely affect gene regulation across multiple tissues. This work illustrates the need toconsider the contribution of sex to the genetics of AS and the duality that individual loci may play in the key clinical outcomes of disease.
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| 23. |
- Mustafa, Mudassir Imran, 1978-
(författare)
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Sustaining the Usefulness of eHealth Research Software : Lessons Learned in Action Design Research
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research software is vital to advancement in the sciences, engineering, humanities, and all other fields. Scientific research is dependent on the quality of and accessibility to research software. Research software is often developed hastily to solve one-off problems, leading to flimsy code that is not sustainable or usable beyond the lifetime of a given research project and is difficult for researchers, outside of the original context, to use, reuse or extend. It is critical to address the many challenges related to the development, deployment, and maintenance of research software. Therefore, there is a growing concern in the scientific community regarding designing sustainable research software. The academic research context refers to the environment or community concerned with scientific research, sponsored by research grants and public funding. Despite the increasing dependence on research software, software development practices in academia lag far behind those in the commercial sector.Health care relies on a very complex information technology architecture with many different IT components and also has a highly complex governance structure alongside the very rapid technology development. Additionally, there are ever-increasing demands and needs from health care users for more flexibility, more functionality and making the care transparent and patient-centred. Taken together, this poses significant challenges for eHealth and Information Systems researchers, as each artefact, depending on the context, has different quality characteristics to operationalise the requirements under consideration.The research objective is to explore what Information Systems researchers and practitioners need to be aware of for sustaining the usefulness of eHealth research software, in the academic research context. This longitudinal action design research (ADR) project, with its three cases, was conducted in an eHealth research project over a period of six years. Contributions from this research include the identification of quality characteristics and their enactment in the actual organisational settings, as well as empirically grounded design principles and a typology for sustaining the usefulness of eHealth research software, based on a formalisation of learning in the three ADR cases. This dissertation also contributes to the method space with the introduction of the augmented action design research (AADR) method, an extension of ADR, on how to conduct multiple ADR projects that build towards an overarching knowledge aim.Practice contributions are the design and development of internet-based eHealth research software to offer patients psychological treatment and support for issues resulting from physical illnesses, while also providing a chance for researchers to study the effectiveness of the aid provided. The dissertation also contributed in a broader sense to the research software development practice, as the findings extend to research areas in which research software is needed to read and interpret research data, and where software must continue to function so that it allows continued access and use of research data.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Wegrzyniak, Olivia, et al.
(författare)
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Imaging of fibrogenesis in the liver by [18F]TZ-Z0959 : an Affibody molecule targeting platelet derived growth factor receptor β
- 2023
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Ingår i: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry. - : Springer Nature. - 2365-421X. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) is a receptor overexpressed on activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs). Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of PDGFRβ could potentially allow the quantification of fibrogenesis in fibrotic livers. This study aims to evaluate a fluorine-18 radiolabeled Affibody molecule ([18F]TZ-Z09591) as a PET tracer for imaging liver fibrogenesis. Results: In vitro specificity studies demonstrated that the trans-Cyclooctenes (TCO) conjugated Z09591 Affibody molecule had a picomolar affinity for human PDGFRβ. Biodistribution performed on healthy rats showed rapid clearance of [18F]TZ-Z09591 through the kidneys and low liver background uptake. Autoradiography (ARG) studies on fibrotic livers from mice or humans correlated with histopathology results. Ex vivo biodistribution and ARG revealed that [18F]TZ-Z09591 binding in the liver was increased in fibrotic livers (p = 0.02) and corresponded to binding in fibrotic scars. Conclusions: Our study highlights [18F]TZ-Z09591 as a specific tracer for fibrogenic cells in the fibrotic liver, thus offering the potential to assess fibrogenesis clearly. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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| 26. |
- Ahlstedt, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invasive imaging methodologies for assessment of radiation damage to bone marrow and kidneys from peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. : -
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neuroendocrinology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0194 .- 0028-3835. ; 110:1-2, s. 130-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aims: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is becoming clinical routine for management of neuroendocrine tumours. The number of PRRT cycles is correlated with treatment effect but theoretically limited by off-target radiation damage to kidneys and bone marrow. New imaging biomarkers for assessment of PRRT tissue damage would enable evaluation of novel renal and bone marrow protective agents, as well as personalised PRRT treatment regiments. Methods: Mice treated with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE PRRT or vehicle were examined at baseline and following treatment with [18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) positron emission tomography (PET) and technetium-99m-mercapto-acetyl-tri-glycine ([99mTc]Tc-Mag3) single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) to assess dynamic changes in bone marrow proliferation and renal function, respectively. Results: Bone marrow proliferation as assessed by [18F]FLT was decreased 2 days after PRRT treatment, but not vehicle, compared to baseline (target-to-background ratio [TBRmax] baseline:1.69 ± 0.29 vs. TBRmax PRRT: 0.91 ± 0.02, p < 0.01). Renal function as assessed by [99mTc]Tc-Mag3 SPECT was similarly decreased 2 days following PRRT compared to vehicle (fractional uptake rate [FUR] vehicle: 0.030 ± 0.014 s–1 vs. FUR PRRT: 0.0051 ± 0.0028 s–1, p < 0.01). Conclusion: [18F]FLT PET and [99mTc]Tc-Mag3 SPECT are promising techniques for assessing bone marrow and renal injury from [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE PRRT and may potentially improve patient management by allowing evaluation of protective interventions as well as enabling personalised PRRT treatments.
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| 27. |
- Ahmed, Istaq, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Structural study and proton conductivity in Yb-doped BaZrO3
- 2007
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Ingår i: Solid State Ionics. - 0167-2738. ; 178:(7-10), s. 515-520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional solid state sintering has been used to prepare the perovskite BaZr0.9Yb0.1O3-delta. Analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data shows that an increase of the unit cell parameter, a, was observed compared to undoped BaZrO3. Rietveld analysis of room temperature neutron powder diffraction data confirmed cubic symmetry (space group Pm-3m). Dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates that the hydration process occurs below 200 degrees C. The strong O-H stretch band, 2500-3500 cm(-1), in the infrared absorbance spectrum clearly manifests the presence of protons in the hydrated material. Proton conductivity was investigated on hydrated and as-prepared samples under dry and wet atmospheres, respectively. Keywords: X-ray diffraction; neutron diffraction; Rietveld refinement; proton conductor; perovskite
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| 28. |
- Alexanderson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Depositional history of the North Taymyr ice-marginal zone, Siberia - a landsystem approach
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Quaternary Science. - : Wiley. - 1099-1417 .- 0267-8179. ; 17:4, s. 361-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sediment-landform associations of the northern Taymyr Peninsula in Arctic Siberia tell a tale of ice sheets advancing from the Kara Sea shelf and inundating the peninsula, probably three times during the Weichselian. In each case the ice sheet had a margin frozen to its bed and an interior moving over a deforming bed. The North Taymyr ice-marginal zone (NTZ) comprises ice-marginal and supraglacial landsystems dominated by thrust-block moraines 2-3 km wide and large-scale deformation of sediments and ice. Large areas are still underlain by remnant glacier ice and a supraglacial landscape with numerous ice-walled lakes and kames is forming even today. The proglacial landsystem is characterised by subaqueous (e.g. deltas) or terrestrial (e.g. sandar) environments, depending on location/altitude and time of formation. Dating results (OSL, C-14) indicate that the NTZ was initiated ca. 80 kyr BP during the retreat of the Early Weichselian ice sheet and that it records the maximum limit of a Middle Weichselian glaciation (ca. 65 kyr BP). During both these events, proglacial lakes were dammed by the ice sheets. Part of the NTZ was occupied by a thin Late Weichselian ice sheet (20-12 kyr BP), resulting in subaerial proglacial drainage. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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| 29. |
- Andersson, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Skapa behov av multiplikation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nämnaren. - 0348-2723. ; :4, s. 11-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Kan multiplikation förstås på något annat sätt än som upprepad addition? Här prövar författarna ett nytt sätt att undervisa om multiplikation. Genom att atbeta med indirekt mätning skapas ett behov av multiplikation.
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| 30. |
- Andersson, Janicke, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Efter ett sekel
- 2021. - 1
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Ingår i: Socionomutbildningen - då, nu och i framtiden. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144153070 ; , s. 313-340
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Andersson, Jenny Marie, et al.
(författare)
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The plant dehydrin Lti30 stabilizes lipid lamellar structures in varying hydration conditions[S]
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Lipid Research. - 0022-2275 .- 1539-7262. ; 61:7, s. 1014-1024
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major challenge to plant growth and survival are changes in temperature and diminishing water supply. During acute temperature and water stress, plants often express stress proteins, such as dehydrins, which are intrinsically disordered hydrophilic proteins. In this article, we investigated how the dehydrin Lti30 fromArabidopsis thalianastabilizes membrane systems that are exposed to large changes in hydration. We also compared the effects of Lti30 on membranes with those of the simple osmolytes urea and trimethylamineN-oxide. Using X-ray diffraction and solid-state NMR, we studied lipid-protein self-assembly at varying hydration levels. We made the following observations:1) the association of Lti30 with anionic membranes relies on electrostatic attraction, and the protein is located in the bilayer interfacial membrane region;2) Lti30 can stabilize the lamellar multilayer structure, making it insensitive to variations in water content;3) in lipid systems with a composition similar to those present in some seeds and plants, dehydrin can prevent the formation of nonlamellar phases upon drying, which may be crucial for maintaining membrane integrity; and4) Lti30 stabilizes bilayer structures both at high and low water contents, whereas the small osmolyte molecules mainly prevent dehydration-induced transitions. These results corroborate the idea that dehydrins are part of a sensitive and multifaceted regulatory mechanism that protects plant cells against stress.
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| 32. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Early life swimming pool exposure and asthma onset in children : a case-control study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1476-069X. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Trichloramine exposure in indoor swimming pools has been suggested to cause asthma in children. We aimed to investigate the risk of asthma onset among children in relation to individual trichloramine exposure.METHODS: A longitudinal nested case-control study of 337 children with asthma (cases) and 633 controls aged 16-17 years was performed within a population-based cohort from The Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden studies (OLIN). Year of asthma onset and exposure time at different ages were obtained in telephone interviews. Trichloramine concentrations in the pool buildings were measured. Skin prick test results for inhalant allergens were available from previous examinations of the cohort. The risk for asthma was analyzed in relation to the cumulative trichloramine exposure before onset of asthma.RESULTS: Swimming pool exposure in early life was associated with a significantly higher risk of pre-school asthma onset. A dose-response relationship between swimming pool exposure and asthma was indicated in children with asthma onset at 1 year of age. Children who were both sensitized and exposed had a particularly high risk.CONCLUSIONS: Early life exposure to chlorinated swimming pool environments was associated with pre-school asthma onset.
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| 33. |
- Ansell, Ricky, et al.
(författare)
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Centrum för genetisk identifiering
- 2014
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Ingår i: Kriminalteknik. - Linköping : Statens Kriminaltekniska Laboratorium. - 1653-6169. ; :1, s. 21-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 34. |
- Antonodimitrakis, Pantelis Clewemar, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroendocrine tumors with syndromic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide hypersecretion : a retrospective study
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Endocrine Oncology. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 2045-0869 .- 2045-0877. ; 4:1, s. 9-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide producing neuroendocrine tumors are rare and cause severe hormonal symptoms. Patients/methods: Eighteen patients with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide producing neuroendocrine tumors were analyzed with reviews of medical records, radiology and tumor tissue specimens. Results: Twelve patients (67%) had liver metastases at diagnosis. Chemotherapy, somatostatin analogs and interferon were given as medical therapies. Streptozocin/5-fluorouracil produced an objective response in 40% of the evaluable patients. Somatostatin analogs gave a clinical/biochemical response in eight out of nine patients. Transarterial embolization of the liver and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy was given to refractory cases. Sixteen patients died during the observation period. The median overall survival from diagnosis was 102 months. Conclusion: Systemic chemotherapy and somatostatin analogs should be given in cases of advanced disease or for hormonal symptoms.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Decrease in prevalence of COPD in Sweden after decades of decrease in smoking
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The smoking prevalence in Sweden has steadily decreased during three decades. The prevalence of COPD in Sweden in the 1990s and around the millennium shift was similar to neighboring European countries, i.e. estimated at 11-17%, and of moderate to severe COPD to 7-11%, in ages over 40y.Aim: Has the prevalence of chronic airway obstruction (CAO) and of COPD in Sweden decreased after decades of decreasing smoking prevalence?Methods: Within two large scale population studies in progress, the West Sweden Asthma Study (WSAS) and the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Studies (OLIN), the prevalence of COPD in ages 41-72y was calculated among randomly selected subjects from the general population in 2009-2012. The following post-bronchodilator definitions were used; CAO: FEV1/FVCResults: The prevalence of CAO based on the FEV1/FVCConclusion: As prevalence of COPD defined as chronic airway obstruction before and around the millennium shift was estimated at 11-17% in ages >40 years, the prevalence of COPD has decreased in Sweden, and the decrease in smoking over decades is probably the main causal factor.
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| 37. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased COPD prevalence in Sweden after decades of decrease in smoking
- 2020
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Ingår i: Respiratory Research. - : Springer Nature. - 1465-9921 .- 1465-993X. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCOPD has increased in prevalence worldwide over several decades until the first decade after the millennium shift. Evidence from a few recent population studies indicate that the prevalence may be levelling or even decreasing in some areas in Europe. Since the 1970s, a substantial and ongoing decrease in smoking prevalence has been observed in several European countries including Sweden. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors for COPD in the Swedish general population. A further aim was to estimate the prevalence trend of COPD in Northern Sweden from 1994 to 2009.MethodsTwo large random population samples were invited to spirometry with bronchodilator testing and structured interviews in 2009–2012, one in south-western and one in northern Sweden, n = 1839 participants in total. The results from northern Sweden were compared to a study performed 15 years earlier in the same area and age-span. The diagnosis of COPD required both chronic airway obstruction (CAO) and the presence of respiratory symptoms, in line with the GOLD documents since 2017. CAO was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70, with sensitivity analyses based on the FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal (LLN) criterion.ResultsBased on the fixed ratio definition, the prevalence of COPD was 7.0% (men 8.3%; women 5.8%) in 2009–2012. The prevalence of moderate to severe (GOLD ≥ 2) COPD was 3.5%. The LLN based results were about 30% lower. Smoking, occupational exposures, and older age were risk factors for COPD, whereof smoking was the most dominating risk factor. In northern Sweden the prevalence of COPD, particularly moderate to severe COPD, decreased significantly from 1994 to 2009, and the decrease followed a decrease in smoking.ConclusionsThe prevalence of COPD has decreased in Sweden, and the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was particularly low. The decrease follows a major decrease in smoking prevalence over several decades, but smoking remained the dominating risk factor for COPD.
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| 38. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased prevalence of moderate to severe COPD over 15 years in northern Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 114, s. 103-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The burden of COPD in terms of mortality, morbidity, costs and prevalence has increased worldwide. Recent results on prevalence in Western Europe are conflicting. In Sweden smoking prevalence has steadily decreased over the past 30 years. Aim: The aim was to study changes in prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD in the same area and within the same age-span 15 years apart. Material and methods: Two population-based cross-sectional samples in ages 23-72 years participating at examinations in 1994 and 2009, respectively, were compared in terms of COPD prevalence, severity and risk factor patterns. Two different definitions of COPD were used; FEV1/FVC < LLN and FEV1/FVC < 0.7. The severity of COPD was assessed by FEV1, both as % of predicted and in relation to the LLN. Results: The prevalence of COPD decreased significantly from 9.5% to 6.3% (p = 0.030) according to the FEV1/FVC < LLN criterion, while the decrease based on the FEV1/FVC < 0.7 criterion from 10.5% to 8.5% was non-significant. The prevalence of moderate to severe COPD decreased substantially and significantly, and the risk factor pattern was altered in 2009 when, beside age and smoking, also socioeconomic status based on occupation was significantly associated with COPD. Conclusions: Changes in both prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD were observed between surveys. Following a continuing decrease in smoking habits over several decades, a decrease in the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was observed from 1994 to 2009 in northern Sweden.
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| 39. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased prevalence of moderate to severe COPD over 15 years in northern Sweden
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The burden of COPD in terms of mortality, morbidity, costs and prevalence has increased worldwide. Recent results on prevalence in Western Europe are conflicting. In Sweden smoking prevalence has steadily decreased over the past 30 years. Aim: The aim was to study changes in prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD in the same area and within the same age-span 15 years apart.Material and methods: Two population-based cross-sectional samples in ages 23-72 years participating at examinations in 1994 and 2009, respectively, were compared in terms of COPD prevalence, severity and risk factor patterns. Two different definitions of COPD were used; FEV1/FVC1/FVC<0.7. The severity of COPD was assessed by FEV1, both as % of predicted and in relation to the LLN.Results: The prevalence of COPD decreased significantly from 9.5% to 6.3% (p=0.030) according to the FEV1/FVC1/FVC<0.7 criterion from 10.5% to 8.5% was non-significant. The prevalence of moderate to severe COPD decreased substantially and significantly, and the risk factor pattern was altered in 2009 when, beside age and smoking, also socio-economic status based on occupation was significantly associated with COPD. Conclusions: Changes in both prevalence and risk factor patterns of COPD were observed between surveys. Following a continuing decrease in smoking habits over several decades, a decrease in the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was observed from 1994 to 2009 in northern Sweden.
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| 40. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Lung function trajectories and associated mortality among adults with and without airway obstruction
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - : American Thoracic Society. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 208:10, s. 1063-1074
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Spirometry is essential for diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in COPD.Objectives: To identify FEV1 trajectories and their determinants, based on annual spirometry measurements among individuals with and without airway obstruction. Furthermore, to assess mortality in relation to trajectories.Methods: In 2002-04, individuals with airway obstruction (AO) (FEV1/VC<0.70, n=993) and age- and sex-matched non-obstructive (NO) referents were recruited from population-based cohorts. Annual spirometries until 2014 were utilized in joint-survival Latent Class Mixed Models to identify lung function trajectories. Mortality data were collected during 15 years of follow-up.Results: Three trajectories were identified among the AO-cases and two among the NO referents. Trajectory membership was driven by baseline FEV1%predicted (%pred) in both groups and additionaly, pack-years in AO and current smoking in NO. Longitudinal FEV1%pred level depended on baseline FEV1%pred, pack-years and obesity. The trajectories were distributed: 79.6% T1AO FEV1-high with normal decline, 12.8% T2AO FEV1-high with rapid decline, and 7.7% T3AO FEV1-low with normal decline (mean 27, 72 and 26 mL/year) among AO-individuals, and 96.7% T1NO FEV1-high with normal decline and 3.3% T2NO FEV1-high with rapid decline (mean 34 and 173 mL/year) among referents. Hazard for death was increased for T2AO (HR1.56) and T3AO (HR3.45) vs. T1AO, and for T2NO (HR2.99) vs. T1NO.Conclusions: Three different FEV1 trajectories were identified among those with airway obstruction and two among the referents, with different outcomes in terms of FEV1-decline and mortality. The FEV1 trajectories among airway obstructive and the relationship between low FVC and trajectory outcome are of particular clinical interest.
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| 41. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Restrictive spirometric pattern in the general adult population: Methods of defining the condition and consequences on prevalence
- 2016
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 120, s. 116-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Attempts have been made to use dynamic spirometry to define restrictive lung function, but the definition of a restrictive spirometric pattern (RSP) varies between studies such as BOLD and NHANES. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of RSP among adults in northern Sweden based on different definitions. Methods In 2008–2009 a general population sample aged 21–86y within the obstructive lung disease in northern Sweden (OLIN) studies was examined by structured interview and spirometry, and 726 subjects participated (71% of invited). The prevalence of RSP was calculated according to three different definitions based on pre-as well as post-bronchodilator spirometry: 1) FVC<80% & FEV1/FVC>0.7 2) FVC<80% & FEV1/FVC>LLN 3) FVCLLN Results The three definitions yielded RSP prevalence estimates of 10.5%, 11.2% and 9.4% respectively, when based on pre-bronchodilator values. The prevalence was lower when based on post-bronchodilator values, i.e. 7.3%, 7.9% and 6.6%. According to definition 1 and 2, the RSP prevalence increased by age, but not according to definition 3. The overlap between the definitions was substantial. When corrected for confounding factors, manual work in industry and diabetes with obesity were independently associated with an increased risk for RSP regardless of definition. Conclusions The prevalence of RSP was 7–11%. The prevalence estimates differed more depending on the choice of pre- compared to post-bronchodilator values than on the choice of RSP definition. RSP was, regardless of definition, independently associated with manual work in industry and diabetes with obesity. © 2016 The Authors
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| 42. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Severe asthma : A population study perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 49:6, s. 819-828
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSevere asthma is a considerable challenge for patients, health care professionals and society. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of severe asthma according to modern definitions of which none based on a population study.ObjectiveTo describe characteristics and estimate the prevalence of severe asthma in a large adult population‐based asthma cohort followed for 10‐28 years.MethodsN=1006 subjects with asthma participated in a follow‐up during 2012‐14, when 830 (mean age 59y, 56% women) still had current asthma. Severe asthma was defined according to three internationally well‐known criteria: the ATS workshop definition from 2000 used in the US Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP), the 2014 ATS/ERS Task force definition and the GINA 2017. All subjects with severe asthma according to any of these criteria were undergoing respiratory specialist care, and were also contacted by telephone to verify treatment adherence.ResultsThe prevalence of severe asthma according to the three definitions was 3.6% (US SARP), 4.8% (ERS/ATS Taskforce), and 6.1% (GINA) among subjects with current asthma. Although all were using high ICS doses and other maintenance treatment, >40% had uncontrolled asthma according to the asthma control test. Severe asthma was related to age >50 years, nasal polyposis, impaired lung function, sensitization to aspergillus, and tended to be more common in women. Further, neutrophils in blood significantly discriminated severe asthma from other asthma.Conclusions and clinical relevanceSevere asthma differed significantly from other asthma in terms of demographic, clinical and inflammatory characteristics, results suggesting possibilities for improved treatment regimens of severe asthma. The prevalence of severe asthma in this asthma cohort was 4‐6%, corresponding to approximately 0.5% of the general population.
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| 43. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Severe asthma among adults : Prevalence and clinical characteristics
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Severe asthma is a considerable challenge for patients, health care professionals and society. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of severe asthma according to modern definitions of which none based on a population study.Methods: We estimated the prevalence and studied characteristics of severe asthma in a large adult population-based asthma cohort followed for 10-28 years in northern Sweden: 1006 subjects participated in a follow-up during 2012-14, when 830 (82.5%) still had current asthma (mean age 59y, 32-92y, 56% women). Severe asthma was defined according to three internationally well-known criteria: the US SARP, ATS/ERS and GINA. All subjects with severe asthma were undergoing respiratory specialist care, and were also contacted by telephone to verify adherence to treatment.Results: The prevalence of severe asthma according to the three definitions was 3.6% (US SARP), 4.8% (ERS/ATS), and 6.1% (GINA) among subjects with current asthma. Although all were using high ICS doses and other maintenance treatment, >40% had uncontrolled asthma and <10% had controlled asthma according to the ACT. Severe asthma was related to age >50 years, nasal polyposis, decreased FEV1, not fully reversible airway obstruction, sensitization to aspergillus, elevated neutrophils and partly to eosinophils, and tended to be more common in women.Conclusion: The prevalence of severe asthma in this asthma cohort was 4-6%, corresponding to approximately 0.5% of the population in northern Sweden. A substantial proportion of those with severe asthma had uncontrolled disease, and severe asthma differed significantly from other asthma in terms of both clinical and inflammatory characteristics.
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| 44. |
- Backman, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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The Evolutionary History of Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours Reveals a Therapy Driven Route to High-Grade Transformation.
- 2024
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Ingår i: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumour evolution with acquisition of more aggressive disease characteristics is a hallmark of disseminated cancer. Metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNETs) in particular, show frequent progression from a low/intermediate to a high-grade disease. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we performed multi-omics analysis of 32 longitudinal samples from six metastatic PanNET patients. Following MEN1 inactivation, PanNETs exhibit genetic heterogeneity on both spatial and temporal dimensions with parallel and convergent tumuor evolution involving the ATRX/DAXX and mTOR pathways. Following alkylating chemotherapy treatment, some PanNETs develop mismatch repair deficiency and acquire a hypermutator phenotype. This DNA hypermutation phenotype was only found in cases that also showed transformation into a high-grade PanNET. Overall, our findings contribute to broaden the understanding of metastatic PanNET, and suggests that therapy driven disease evolution is an important hallmark of this disease.
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