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1.	Cheung, Pierre, et al. (författare) PET Imaging of GPR44 by Antagonist [C-11]MK-7246 in Pigs 2021 Ingår i: Biomedicines. - : MDPI. - 2227-9059. ; 9:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A validated imaging marker for beta-cell mass would improve understanding of diabetes etiology and enable new strategies in therapy development. We previously identified the membrane-spanning protein GPR44 as highly expressed and specific to the beta cells of the pancreas. The selective GPR44 antagonist MK-7246 was radiolabeled with carbon-11 and the resulting positron-emission tomography (PET) tracer [C-11]MK-7246 was evaluated in a pig model and in vitro cell lines. The [C-11]MK-7246 compound demonstrated mainly hepatobiliary excretion with a clearly defined pancreas, no spillover from adjacent tissues, and pancreatic binding similar in magnitude to the previously evaluated GPR44 radioligand [C-11]AZ12204657. The binding could be blocked by preadministration of nonradioactive MK-7246, indicating a receptor-binding mechanism. [C-11]MK-7246 showed strong potential as a PET ligand candidate for visualization of beta-cell mass (BCM) and clinical translation of this methodology is ongoing.
2.	Johansson, Ann-Sofie, 1967-, et al. (författare) Germ line insertions of moloney murine leukemia virus in the TLL mouse causes site-specific differences in lymphoma/leukemia frequency and tumor immunophenotype 2006 Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 26:4B, s. 2873-2878 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV) has proven valuable for studies of the pathogenesis of malignant lymphoma. Inoculation of newborn mice induces T cell lymphoma with 100% incidence. The TLL (T cell lymphoma/leukemia)-strain was previously established and was shown to spontaneously develop T cell lymphoma at high frequency. Materials and Methods: Differential screening of cDNA libraries was performed to discover an involvement of Mo-MLV and genomic sequencing was used to identify the chromosomal position of Mo-MLV proviral integration sites. Immunophenotypes of the tumors were established by flow cytometry. Disease frequency curves were created according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Two independent Mo-MLV germ line integrations were characterized on chromosomes 2 and 14, giving rise to two substrains of mice denoted TLL-2 and TLL-14. The chromosomal position of the integrated provirus affected the frequency of disease, as well as the immunophenotype of the tumors. Conclusion: The data suggest that factors influencing the transcriptional activity of the chromosomal regions, leading to differences in proviral expression, could underlie the observed difference in tumor frequency.
3.	Jägerskog, Ann-Sofie, 1977-, et al. (författare) Varför fortsätter flykten över Medelhavet? : Innebörden av att göra en kausalanalys av en samhällsfråga 2021 Ingår i: Forskning om undervisning och lärande. - 2000-9674 .- 2001-6131. ; 9:2, s. 5-29 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Denna artikel bygger på en studie som undersöker vad det innebär att analysera ensamhällsfråga i samhällskunskap, en viktig del av kritiskt tänkande, och vad eleverbehöver erfara i undervisningen för att utveckla en mer kvalificerad analysförmåga.Elever från samtliga stadier i grundskolan ombads att, före och efter en lektion somfokuserade på flyktingsituationen kring Medelhavet, skriftligt besvara en fråga omorsaker till denna flykt. En fenomenografisk analys av de 233 elevsvar som genererades visade att det sätt som eleverna erfor flyktingsituationen på var tydligt kopplat tillkvalitén på deras analyser. I analysen av elevsvaren identifierades tre aspekter somtycks vara kritiska för elever att urskilja för att de ska kunna kvalificera sina kausalanalyser av en samhällsfråga. Dessa aspekter berör en samhällsfrågas dynamik,komplexiteten i kausalitet och vikten av att ta olika dimensioner i beaktande (somsamhälleliga respektive individuella dimensioner eller historiska respektive framtidadimensioner). Dessa aspekter visade sig var viktiga för elever i alla årskurser somingick i studien. Artikeln diskuterar även implikationer för undervisning.
4.	Karlsson, Oskar, et al. (författare) Pesticide-induced multigenerational effects on amphibian reproduction and metabolism 2021 Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 775 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Underlying drivers of species extinctions need to be better understood for effective conservation of biodiversity. Nearly half of all amphibian species are at risk of extinction, and pollution may be a significant threat as seasonal high-level agrochemical use overlaps with critical windows of larval development. The potential of environmental chemicals to reduce the fitness of future generations may have profound ecological and evolutionary implications. This study characterized effects of male developmental exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of the anti-androgenic pesticide linuron over two generations of offspring in Xenopus tropicalis frogs. The adult male offspring of pesticide-exposed fathers (F1) showed reduced body size, decreased fertility, and signs of endocrine system disruption. Impacts were further propagated to the grand-offspring (F2), providing evidence of transgenerational effects in amphibians. The adult F2 males demonstrated increased weight and fat body palmitoleic-to-palmitic acid ratio, and decreased plasma glucose levels. The study provides important cross-species evidence of paternal epigenetic inheritance and pollutant-induced transgenerational toxicity, supporting a causal and complex role of environmental contamination in the ongoing species extinctions, particularly of amphibians.
5.	Wegrzyniak, Olivia, et al. (författare) Imaging of fibrogenesis in the liver by [18F]TZ-Z0959 : an Affibody molecule targeting platelet derived growth factor receptor β 2023 Ingår i: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry. - : Springer Nature. - 2365-421X. ; 8:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) is a receptor overexpressed on activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs). Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of PDGFRβ could potentially allow the quantification of fibrogenesis in fibrotic livers. This study aims to evaluate a fluorine-18 radiolabeled Affibody molecule ([18F]TZ-Z09591) as a PET tracer for imaging liver fibrogenesis. Results: In vitro specificity studies demonstrated that the trans-Cyclooctenes (TCO) conjugated Z09591 Affibody molecule had a picomolar affinity for human PDGFRβ. Biodistribution performed on healthy rats showed rapid clearance of [18F]TZ-Z09591 through the kidneys and low liver background uptake. Autoradiography (ARG) studies on fibrotic livers from mice or humans correlated with histopathology results. Ex vivo biodistribution and ARG revealed that [18F]TZ-Z09591 binding in the liver was increased in fibrotic livers (p = 0.02) and corresponded to binding in fibrotic scars. Conclusions: Our study highlights [18F]TZ-Z09591 as a specific tracer for fibrogenic cells in the fibrotic liver, thus offering the potential to assess fibrogenesis clearly. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
6.	Ahlström, Per-Erik, et al. (författare) Partitioning and transmutation Current developments - 2004, A report from the Swedish reference group on P and T - research, TR-04-15 2004 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
7.	Alsmark, Cecilia M., et al. (författare) The louse-borne human pathogen Bartonella quintana is a genomic derivative of the zoonotic agent Bartonella henselae 2004 Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 101:26, s. 9716-9721 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We present the complete genomes of two human pathogens, Bartonella quintana (1,581,384 bp) and Bartonella henselae (1,931,047 bp). The two pathogens maintain several similarities in being transmitted by insect vectors, using mammalian reservoirs, infecting similar cell types (endothelial cells and erythrocytes) and causing vasculoproliferative changes in immunocompromised hosts. A primary difference between the two pathogens is their reservoir ecology. Whereas B. quintana is a specialist, using only the human as a reservoir, B. henselae is more promiscuous and is frequently isolated from both cats and humans. Genome comparison elucidated a high degree of overall similarity with major differences being B. henselae specific genomic islands coding for filamentous hemagglutinin, and evidence of extensive genome reduction in B. quintana, reminiscent of that found in Rickettsia prowazekii. Both genomes are reduced versions of chromosome I from the highly related pathogen Brucella melitensis. Flanked by two rRNA operons is a segment with similarity to genes located on chromosome II of B. melitensis, suggesting that it was acquired by integration of megareplicon DNA in a common ancestor of the two Bartonella species. Comparisons of the vector-host ecology of these organisms suggest that the utilization of host-restricted vectors is associated with accelerated rates of genome degradation and may explain why human pathogens transmitted by specialist vectors are outnumbered by zoonotic agents, which use vectors of broad host ranges.
8.	Andersson, Dennis, 1980- (författare) Mission Experience : How to Model and Capture it to Enable Vicarious Learning 2013 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Organizations for humanitarian assistance, disaster response and military activities are characterized by their special role in society to resolve time-constrained and potentially life-threatening situations. The tactical missions that these organizations conduct regularly are significantly dynamic in character, and sometimes impossible to fully comprehend and predict. In these situations, when control becomes opportunistic, the organizations are forced to rely on the collective experience of their personnel to respond effectively to the unfolding threats. Generating such experience through traditional means of training, exercising and apprenticeship, is expensive, time-consuming, and difficult to manage.This thesis explores how and why mission experience should be utilized in emergency management and military organizations to improve performance. A multimedia approach for capturing mission experience has further been tested in two case studies to determine how the commanders’ experiences can be externalized to enable vicarious learning. These studies propose a set of technical, methodological, and ethical issues that need to be considered when externalizing mission experience, based on two aforementioned case studies complemented by a literature review. The presented outcomes are (1) a model aligning abilities that tactical organizations need when responding to dynamic situations of different familiarity, (2) a review of the usefulness of several different data sources for externalization of commanders’ experiences from tactical operations, and (3) a review of methodological, technical, and ethical issues to consider when externalizing tactical military and emergency management operations. The results presented in this thesis indicate that multimedia approaches for capturing mission histories can indeed complement training and exercising as a method for generating valuable experience from tactical missions.
9.	Andersson, Siv GE, et al. (författare) The genome sequence of Rickettsia prowazekii and the origin of mitochondria 1998 Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 396:6707, s. 133-140 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We describe here the complete genome sequence (1,111,523 base pairs) of the obligate intracellular parasite Rickettsia prowazekii, the causative agent of epidemic typhus. This genome contains 834 protein-coding genes. The functional profiles of these genes show similarities to those of mitochondrial genes: no genes required for anaerobic glycolysis are found in either R. prowazekii or mitochondrial genomes, but a complete set of genes encoding components of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the respiratory-chain complex is found in R. prowazekii. In effect, ATP production in Rickettsia is the same as that in mitochondria. Many genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of biosynthesis of amino acids and nucleosides in free-living bacteria are absent from R. prowazekii and mitochondria. Such genes seem to have been replaced by homologues in the nuclear (host) genome. The R. prowazekii genome contains the highest proportion of non-coding DNA (24%) detected so far in a microbial genome. Such non-coding sequences may be degraded remnants of 'neutralized' genes that await elimination from the genome. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that R. prowazekii is more closely related to mitochondria than is any other microbe studied so far.
10.	Backe, Cecilia, et al. (författare) Kadmiumsituationen i Skåne : Delrapport 2 Kadmium inom Höjeåns avrinningsområde – en substansflödesanalys 2003 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract är stort. En analys av flödesschemat visar att det sker en utfasning av kadmium via produktoch avfallsflödet. Kadmium ingår i allt färre nyproducerade varor, och därför blir inflödet avkadmium också allt mindre, medan förbrukningen av äldre produkter som innehållerkadmium leder till att flödet via avfallsflödet fortfarande är relativt stort.Inom jordbrukssektorn tillförs den Skånska åkermarken kadmium bl.a. via handelsgödsel,kalk och rötslam. Atmosfärsdepositionen bidrar också med en betydande mängd kadmium.Tillförseln av kadmium balanseras av bortförseln av kadmium via grödor och markläckage.Vad gäller jordbrukssektorns tillförsel bör det dock påpekas att tack vare minskadekadmiumhalter i handelsgödsel och i rötslam så är skillnaden mellan tillförsel och bortförselnästan ± 0 inom Höjeåns avrinningsområde. Tillskottet av kadmium viaatmosfärsdepositionen gör dock att en upplagring av kadmium i avrinningsområdetfortfarande sker.Det regionala miljömålet om att det inte ska ske någon nettotillförsel av kadmium tilljordbruksmarken i Skåne, utöver tillförsel via luften, ser enligt flödesanalysen ut att kunnauppfyllas.SAMMANFATTNINGMiljöproblemens karaktär ändras över tiden. Från att under 60- och 70-talet dominerats avpunktutsläpp från industrin så utgörs idag en stor del av miljöproblemen om föroreningar ochskadliga ämnen av diffusa emissioner. Myndigheternas miljöövervakning av föroreningarmåste i samma takt ändras för att kunna verka effektivt. Substansflödesanalys ellermaterialflödesanalys är exempel på effektiva verktyg som kan användas för att få en ökadkunskap om och en helhetsbild av föroreningars spridningsvägar och upplagring i samhället.Denna studie är ett försök att via en flödesanalys kartlägga omsättningen av kadmium inomHöjeåns avrinningsområde i sydvästra Skåne. Flödesanalysen har genomförts på uppdrag avLänsstyrelsen i Skåne. Syftet med flödesanalysen är att tjäna som vägledning för framtidamiljöövervakning av kadmium och i det fortsatta miljömålsarbetet inom Skåne län.Kadmium är ett exempel på ett ämne som kan ge betydande konsekvenser för människor ochdjur om halterna i vår omgivning är för höga. Kadmium kan orsaka njurskador och benskörhethos människor och ämnet misstänks också vara cancerframkallande. Kadmium finns naturligti vissa typer av berggrund. Det har använts i stora mängder inom plastindustrin somstabilisator och pigment. Det har använts i industrin till ytbehandling och i legeringar. Idag ärden största användningen förknippad med tillverkning av NiCd- batteri. I Sverige och EUarbetar man för att fasa ut användningen av kadmium för produktionsändamål. Kadmiumförekommer även som förorening i zink och andra mineral. Via handelsgödsel spridskadmium till åkermark eftersom kadmium, i varierande halt, finns som förorening i råfosfatsom är råvara till fosforgödsel.Det största inflödet av kadmium till Höjeåns avrinningsområde sker via produkter, och utgörstill ca 70% av kadmium i NiCd-batterier. De flesta flödena är ett resultat av att kadmium ingåri produkter i låga koncentrationer eller som förorening i råmaterial, som t.ex. ijordbrukssektorns handelsgödsel. Det sker ingen aktiv import av kadmium som råvara tillavrinningsområdet. Kadmiumflödet via atmosfärsdeposition är förhållandevis stort i Skåneoch ca 90% av depositionen kommer från utländska källor. Ytterligare ett betydelsefulltkadmiuminflöde till avrinningsområdet är via bränsle för energi och värmeproduktion.Återvinningen av NiCd-batteri är det klart dominerande utflödet av kadmium från systemet.Allt annat avfall som genereras innanför systemgränserna transporteras också ut frånavrinningsområdet, det finns ingen aktiv avfallsdeponering eller avfallsförbränning inomavrinningsområdet.Utsläppen av kadmium i samband med industriella aktiviteter och via trafiken inomavrinningsområdet är mycket små. Utsläppen av kadmium till Höjeå domineras av flöden fråndagvatten och utgående vatten från avloppsreningsverken (och troligen även en del frånenskilda avlopp som dock inte har kvantifierats i denna studie). Kadmium i slam somuppkommer vid reningsverken används både som jordförbättringsmedel inom jordbruket, ochi olika kommunala planteringar i avrinningsområdet. En del slam exporteras ut frånavrinningsområdet för att deponeras på avfallsupplag eller användas.De stora förråden av kadmium i avrinningsområdet är i nedlagda avfallsupplag och iprodukter. Kadmiumförrådet i avfallsupplagen kommer troligen att bestå under mycket långtid. Utlakningen av kadmium, liksom emissionen till luft, är mycket långsam. Idag ärkadmiumemissionen via lakvatten och biogas försumbar. Det är dock osäkert hur rörlighetenav kadmium i deponier förändras i takt med nedbrytningen. Förrådet av kadmium i produkter
11.	Bakke, Kristin A, et al. (författare) Levetiracetam reduces the frequency of interictal epileptiform discharges during NREM sleep in children with ADHD 2011 Ingår i: European journal of paediatric neurology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-3798 .- 1532-2130. ; 15:6, s. 532-538 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more common in children with epilepsy than in the general paediatric population. Epileptiform discharges in EEG may be seen in children with ADHD also in those without seizure disorders. Sleep enhances these discharges which may be suppressed by levetiracetam. AIM: To assess the effect of levetiracetam on focal epileptiform discharges during sleep in children with ADHD. METHOD: In this retrospective study a new semi-automatic quantitative method based on the calculation of spike index in 24-h ambulatory EEG recordings was applied. Thirty-five ADHD children, 17 with focal epilepsy, one with generalised epilepsy, and 17 with no seizure disorder were evaluated. Follow-up 24-h EEG recordings were performed after a median time of four months. RESULTS: Mean spike index was 50 prior to levetiracetam treatment and 21 during treatment. Seventeen children had no focal interictal epileptiform discharges in EEG at follow-up. Five children had a more than 50% reduction in spike index. Thus, a more than 50% reduction in spike index was found in 22/35 children (63%). Out of these an improved behaviour was noticed in 13 children (59%). CONCLUSION: This study shows that treatment with levetiracetam reduces interictal epileptiform discharges in children with ADHD. There is a complex relationship between epilepsy, ADHD and epileptiform activity, why it is a need for prospective studies in larger sample sizes, also to ascertain clinical benefits.
12.	Bedford, Sofie (författare) Islamic Activism in Azerbaijan : Repression and Mobilization in a Post-Soviet Context 2009 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Post-Soviet Azerbaijan is often portrayed as a very secular country. Thus the mobilization of mosque communities in the late 1990s and their conflictual relationship with the authorities came as a surprise. The main aim of the dissertation is to shed light on this mobilization, focusing on the Sunni Abu Bakr and the Shi’ite Juma mosque communities in Baku. On the premise that Islamic mobilization may be interpreted as a “social movement”, internal, contextual and interactional aspects of mobilization have been studied. The analysis is chiefly based on interviews conducted in Baku in 2004/2005 with Imams, worshippers, religious and secular authorities. The study finds that young people looking for new approaches to religion have been drawn to these communities, where they encounter an independent, educated, conscientious clergy and, indeed, a “new” religion. This “sovereign” Islam does not go down well with authorities who fear politicization of religion. The Soviet heritage has provided them with a view of religion as something that should not be publicly displayed and with the institutions to control religion. Another key feature whose impact on state policy towards religious organizations cannot be underestimated is the fear of imported radicalism. A look at Islamic mobilization in North Caucasus, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan reveals many similarities, yet one momentous difference is the harsher repression in these contexts, which decreases the chances of a non-radical mobilization. The thesis concludes that the role of the state in mobilization processes in non-democratic contexts is crucial but counterintuitive, as the regimes’ efforts to stop the mobilization of movements actually leads to its intensification. In Azerbaijan, official pressure brings community members closer together and strengthens their resolve, rather than putting an end to mobilization. It also puts a spotlight on these communities which lights up the way for others in search of something new.
13.	Bengtsson, Fredrik, et al. (författare) Sustainability Impact of Open Innovation Software 2012 Ingår i: Proceedings of the XXIII ISPIM Conference Action for Innovation: Innovating from Experience, Barcelona, Spain, 17-20 June 2012.. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
14.	Berg, Lotta, et al. (författare) The Welfare Quality® assessment protocol: how can it be adapted to family farming dual purpose cattle raised under extensive systems in tropical conditions? 2017 Ingår i: Animal Welfare. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0962-7286 .- 2054-1538. ; 26, s. 177-184 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Family farming is still the main source of income for many people in the tropical regions of the world. At the same time, modern society is quickly becoming more aware of the welfare of animals for human consumption. The main objective of this study was to illustrate the need to modify certain aspects of the original Welfare Quality (R) ( WQ) protocols developed by the EU-funded WQ project, under the conditions of small community farmers in the tropics. Thirty-four dual purpose farms in the State of Chiapas, Mexico, which had their main production focus on milk but for whom beef production was also of significant value, were evaluated utilising a merged version of the WQ protocols for dairy and beef cattle. Based on their average score, the farms obtained at least an acceptable level in each indicator of welfare. However, after merging indicators from the dairy and beef cattle protocols of WQ in order to adjust it to the prevailing conditions in the tropics, a number of sections are not applicable. This is particularly true of the section related to good housing, where most of the items do not apply due to the absence of infrastructure; the farms obtained a very high score in this section but further studies to verify whether this reflects an accurate assessment of the welfare status should be carried out. In general, the approach of the WQ protocol was useful, however certain aspects are quite different from the conventional intensive farming systems predominantly used in Europe and there is a need to implement a number of modifications.
15.	Berglund, Eva C., et al. (författare) Run-off replication of host-adaptability genes is associated with gene transfer agents in the genome of mouse-infecting Bartonella grahamii 2009 Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 5:7, s. e1000546- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The genus Bartonella comprises facultative intracellular bacteria adapted to mammals, including previously recognized and emerging human pathogens. We report the 2,341,328 bp genome sequence of Bartonella grahamii, one of the most prevalent Bartonella species in wild rodents. Comparative genomics revealed that rodent-associated Bartonella species have higher copy numbers of genes for putative host-adaptability factors than the related human-specific pathogens. Many of these gene clusters are located in a highly dynamic region of 461 kb. Using hybridization to a microarray designed for the B. grahamii genome, we observed a massive, putatively phage-derived run-off replication of this region. We also identified a novel gene transfer agent, which packages the bacterial genome, with an over-representation of the amplified DNA, in 14 kb pieces. This is the first observation associating the products of run-off replication with a gene transfer agent. Because of the high concentration of gene clusters for host-adaptation proteins in the amplified region, and since the genes encoding the gene transfer agent and the phage origin are well conserved in Bartonella, we hypothesize that these systems are driven by selection. We propose that the coupling of run-off replication with gene transfer agents promotes diversification and rapid spread of host-adaptability factors, facilitating host shifts in Bartonella.
16.	Bergman, Ann-Sofie, 1963-, et al. (författare) Supported Visitation in Cases of Violence : Political Intentions and Local Practice in Sweden 2018 Ingår i: International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family. - : Oxford University Press. - 1360-9939 .- 1464-3707. ; 32:3, s. 374-393 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In Sweden, supervised visitation has been replaced with a new measure called supported visitation. In the reform process, it was emphasized that if face to face visitation cannot be organized without risk for the child, indirect visitation or no visitation are to be considered better options. The aim of this article is to explore social work practice regarding supported visitation in cases involving violence. It draws on a study of a local visitation centre and the data consists of case files from the social services regarding 37 children where a court ordered visitation support, interviews with seven members of staff, ten parents and three children, and local documents and guidelines. For 18 of the 37 children, case files contained credible information about a history of violence. The study shows that district courts sometimes order visitation support in cases where there is a risk for the child and where in the near future normalization of visitation is unlikely. Thus, the measure of visitation support is sometimes used in a way that was not intended. Regarding social work practice, the analysis indicates that, although the guidelines developed at the local support centre under study adhere to the national policy intentions, both professionals’ validation and invalidation of violence can be seen. For service users previously subjected to violence, the documented court and social services’ practices may actively contribute to children’s and residential parents’ continued vulnerability.
17.	Bergman, Ann-Sofie, et al. (författare) Våldsutsatta barns trygghet då de har umgängesstöd 2020 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I Sverige har sedan 2012 insatsen övervakat umgänge ersatts av umgängesstöd. I reformprocessen betonades att om umgänge ansikte mot ansikte mellan barn och en förälder som barnet inte bor med inte kan organiseras utan risk för barnet bör beslut fattas om indirekt umgänge (exempelvis via telefon) eller inget umgänge. Seminariet diskuterar socialarbetares praktik rörande umgängesstöd när stödet gäller ärenden med våld. Det bygger på en studie av en umgängesstödsverksamhet, där underlaget bestod av akter för 37 barn för vilka det fanns en dom om umgängesstöd, intervjuer med sju personal, tio föräldrar och tre barn, samt dokument och rutiner för verksamheten. För 18 av 37 barn innehöll akterna bekräftad information om en historia av våld. Studien visade att tingsrätten ibland beslutar om umgängesstöd i ärenden med våld och där det är osannolikt att umgänget kan ”normaliseras” inom överskådlig framtid. Insatsen umgängesstöd ges alltså ibland på ett sätt som inte var avsett med reformen. När det kommer till det sociala arbetets praktik visar analysen att även om de lokala rutinerna följer lagstiftarens intentioner med reformen och fokus på risk, kan professionella i praktiken både giltiggöra och ogiltiggöra våld. Det senare gäller i synnerhet gruppen umgängesstödjare som finns närvarande med barnet i rummet. Sammantaget visar studien hur både domstolens praktik och umgängesstödsverksamheten kan bidra till barns fortsatta utsatthet.
18.	Bertilsson, Ann-Sofie, et al. (författare) A client-centred ADL intervention: three-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial 2014 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21, s. 377-391 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: The aim was to study a client-centred activities of daily living (ADL) intervention (CADL) compared with the usualADL intervention (UADL) in people with stroke regarding: independence in ADL, perceived participation, life satisfaction,use of home-help service, and satisfaction with training and, in their significant others, regarding: caregiver burden, lifesatisfaction, and informal care. Methods: In this multicentre study, 16 rehabilitation units were randomly assigned to deliverCADL or UADL. The occupational therapists who provided the CADL were specifically trained. Eligible for inclusion werepeople with stroke treated in a stroke unit £3 months after stroke, dependent in ‡two ADL, not diagnosed with dementia, andable to understand instructions. Data were collected at inclusion and three months thereafter. To detect a significant differencebetween the groups in the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) domain “participation”, 280 participants were required. Intention-totreatanalysis was applied. Results: At three months, there was no difference in the outcomes between the CADL group(n = 129) and the UADL group (n = 151), or their significant others (n = 87/n = 93) except in the SIS domain “emotion” infavour of CADL (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The CADL does not appear to bring about short-term differences in outcomes andlonger follow-ups are required.
19.	Bertilsson, Ann Sofie, et al. (författare) A cluster randomized controlled trial of a client-centred, activities of daily living intervention for people with stroke : One year follow-up of caregivers 2016 Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 30:8, s. 765-775 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: Compare caregiver burden, provision of informal care, participation in everyday occupations and life satisfaction of caregivers to people with stroke, who either had received a client-centred, activities of daily living intervention or usual activities of daily living interventions. Design: A multicentre cluster randomized controlled trial in which 16 rehabilitation units were randomly assigned to deliver a client-centred, activities of daily living intervention or usual activities of daily living interventions. Caregiver outcomes were compared cross-sectionally at 12 months and changes in outcomes between three and 12 months after people with stroke were included in the study. Setting: Inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation. Participants: Caregivers of people with stroke enrolled in the trial. Intervention: A client-centred, activities of daily living intervention aiming to increase agency in daily activities and participation in everyday life for people after stroke. Main measures: Caregiver Burden Scale, Occupational Gaps Questionnaire, LiSat-11. Results: There were no differences in outcomes between caregivers in the client-centred, activities of daily living (n = 88) and the usual activities of daily living (n = 95) group at 12 months. The caregiver burden score was 42.7 vs. 41.8, p = 0.75, mean occupational gaps were 3.5 vs. 4.0, p = 0.52 and satisfaction with life was 53% vs. 50%, p = 0.87. There were no differences in changes between three and 12 months. However, within groups there were significant differences in caregiver burden, factor general strain, for caregivers in the client-centred, activities of daily living group, and in provision of informal care for the usual activities of daily living group. Conclusion: The client-centred intervention did not bring about any difference between caregiver-groups, but within groups some difference was found for caregiver burden and informal care.
20.	Bignert, Anders, et al. (författare) Comments concerning the national Swedish contaminant monitoring programme in marine biota, 2015 2015 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
21.	Bignert, Anders, et al. (författare) Comments Concerning the National Swedish Contaminant Monitoring Programme in Marine Biota, 2015 2015 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The environmental toxicants examined in this report can be classified into five groups – heavy metals, chlorinated compounds, brominated flame retardants, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and perfluorinated compounds. Each of these contaminants have been examined from various sites for up to six different fish species, in blue mussels, and in guillemot eggs, for varying lengths of time. The following summary examines overall trends, spatial and temporal, for the five groups.Condition and Fat ContentCondition and fat content in different species tended to follow the same pattern at the same sites, with a few exceptions. Most of the fish species generally displayed a decreasing trend in both condition and fat content at most sites examined. Exceptions to this were increases in condition factor seen in cod liver at Fladen, perch muscle at Kvädöfjärden, and for herring at Ängskärsklubb in spring. Also, an increase in fat content was seen during the most recent ten years for herring at Ängskärsklubb in spring. There were also some sites where no log linear trends were seen.Heavy MetalsDue to a change in methods for metal analysis (not mercury) in 2004, values between 2003 and 2007 should be interpreted with care. From 2009 metals are analyzed at ACES, Stockholm University.Generally, higher mercury concentrations are found in the Bothnian Bay, but also from one station in the Northern parts of Baltic Proper, compared to other parts of the Swedish coastline. The time series show varying concentrations over the study period. The longer time series in guillemot egg and spring-caught herring from the southern Bothnian Sea and southern Baltic Proper show significant decreases of mercury. On the other hand, increasing concentrations are seen in e.g., cod muscle, but the concentrations are fairly low compared to measured concentrations in perch from fresh water and coastal sites. In most cases, the mercury concentrations are above the EQSbiota of 20 ng/g wet weight.Lead is generally decreasing over the study period (in time series of sufficient length), supposedly due to the elimination of lead in gasoline. The highest concentrations are seen in the southern part of the Baltic Sea. Elevated lead concentrations between 2003 and 2007 (e.g. Harufjärden) should be viewed with caution (see above regarding change in analysis methods). Lead concentrations are below the suggested target level at all stations.Cadmium concentrations show varying non-linear trends over the monitored period. It is worth noting that despite several measures taken to reduce discharges of cadmium, generally the most recent concentrations are similar to concentrations measured 30 yearsago in the longer time series. Cadmium concentrations in herring and perch are all below the suggested target level of 160 μg/kg wet weight.The reported nickel concentrations show no consistent decreasing trends. Some series begin with two elevated values that exert a strong leverage effect on the regression line and may give a false impression of decreasing trends. Chromium generally shows decreasing concentrations, possibly explained by a shift in analytical method. The essential trace metals, copper and zinc, show no consistent trends during the monitored period.Generally higher concentrations of arsenic and silver are found along the west coast compared to other parts of the Sweadish coast line. However for silver a few stations in the Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay show comparable concentrations to the west coast stations.Chlorinated CompoundsGenerally, a decreasing concentrations were observed for all compounds (DDT’s, PCB’s, HCH’s, HCB) in all species examined, with a few exceptions, such as no change in TCDD-equivalents being seen in herring muscle (except at Änskärsklubb where very high concentrations at the beginning of the sampling period were seen and also at the west coast station Fladen). The longer time-series in guillemot also show a marked decrease in TCDD-equivalents from the start in the late 1960s until about 1985 from where no change occurred for many years, however, during the most recent ten years a decrease in the concentration is seen. Concentrations of DDE and CB-118 are for some species and sites still above their respective target levels.The chlorinated compounds generally show higher concentrations in the Bothnian Sea and/or Baltic Proper when compared to the Bothnian Bay and the Swedish west coast.Brominated Flame RetardantsElevated levels of HBCDD are seen in sites from the Baltic Proper, while the investigated PBDEs show higher concentrations in the Bothnian Bay. In addition, lower concentrations of all investigated PBDEs and HBCDD are seen on the Swedish west coast compared to the east coast. Temporally, significant increases in BDE-47, -99 and -100 have been seen in guillemot eggs since the late 1960s until the early 1990s, where concentrations then began to show decreases. Also, the concentration of HBCDD in guillemot eggs shows a decrease during the most recent ten years. For fish and blue mussels, BDE-47, -99, and -153 decreased at some sites and showed no trend at other sites. The concentration of HBCDD in fish and blue mussels showed inconsistent trends. The concentration of HBCDD is below the EQSbiota of 167 μg/kg wet weight for all fish species from all areas, while the concentration of BDE-47 alone is above the EQSbiota for sumPBDE of 0.0085 ng/g wet weight.PAHsOnly blue mussels have been examined for spatial differences in PAH concentrations. Concentration of ΣPAH was found to be higher from Kvädöfjärden in the Baltic Proper compared to stations at the West coast, but individual PAHs showed varying spatial patterns. Over time, acenaphthalene was rarely found above the detection limit. Significant decreasing trends were observed for ΣPAH, chrysene, fluoranthene and pyrene at Fjällbacka; for naphthalene at Kvädöfjärden; and for pyrene at Fladen.All time series where concentrations of various PAHs were compared with the target value based on OSPAR Ecological Assessment Criteria, or EC Environmental Quality Standards were below the target value.PFASsPFHxS and PFOS show a similar spatial pattern, but PFOS concentrations were approximately 25 times higher than PFHxS levels. The distribution of PFOS is quite homogenous along the Swedish coast but with somewhat higher concentrations in the Baltic Proper. PFOS concentrations in guillemot eggs are about 100-200 times higher than in herring liver. An overall increasing concentration of PFOS in guillemot eggs has been observed throughout the whole time period, however, during the most recent ten years, a change of direction is detected. The longer herring time series from Harufjärden, Landsort, and Utlängan show increasing concentrations for PFOS and most carboxylates. For FOSA, on the other hand, decreasing concentrations are seen during the most recent ten years.Organotin compoundsThe majority of the analysed tinorganic compounds showed concentrations below LOQ. However TBT and DPhT showed concentrations above LOQ at all stations with highest reported concentrations in fish from Örefjärden in the northern part of Bothnian Sea.
22.	Bixby, H., et al. (författare) Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults 2019 Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 569:7755, s. 260-4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.
23.	Bjurbo, Camilla, et al. (författare) Early identification of frail older patients by using the FRESH-instrument in the emergency department : a pilot study 2018 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
24.	Bladh, S., et al. (författare) Carbon star wind models at solar and sub-solar metallicities : a comparative study I. Mass loss and the properties of dust-driven winds 2019 Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 623 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract ContextThe heavy mass loss observed in evolved stars on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is usually attributed to dust-driven winds, but it is still an open question how much AGB stars contribute to the dust production in the interstellar medium, especially at lower metallicities. In the case of C-type AGB stars, where the wind is thought to be driven by radiation pressure on amorphous carbon grains, there should be significant dust production even in metal-poor environments. Carbon stars can manufacture the building blocks needed to form the wind-driving dust species themselves, irrespective of the chemical composition they have, by dredging up carbon from the stellar interior during thermal pulses.AimsWe investigate how the mass loss in carbon stars is affected by a low-metallicity environment, similar to the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC).MethodsThe atmospheres and winds of C-type AGB stars are modeled with the 1D spherically symmetric radiation-hydrodynamical code Dynamic Atmosphere and Radiation-driven Wind models based on Implicit Numerics (DARWIN). The models include a time-dependent description for nucleation, growth, and evaporation of amorphous carbon grains directly out of the gas phase. To explore the metallicity-dependence of mass loss we calculate model grids at three different chemical abundances (solar, LMC, and SMC). Since carbon may be dredged up during the thermal pulses as AGB stars evolve, we keep the carbon abundance as a free parameter. The models in these three different grids all have a current mass of one solar mass; effective temperatures of 2600, 2800, 3000, or 3200 K; and stellar luminosities equal to log L-*/L-circle dot = 3.70, 3.85, or 4.00. ResultsThe DARWIN models show that mass loss in carbon stars is facilitated by high luminosities, low effective temperatures, and a high carbon excess (C-O) at both solar and subsolar metallicities Similar combinations of effective temperature, luminosity, and carbon excess produce outflows at both solar and subsolar metallicities. There are no large systematic differences in the mass-loss rates and wind velocities produced by these wind models with respect to metallicity, nor any systematic difference concerning the distribution of grain sizes or how much carbon is condensed into dust. DARWIN models at subsolar metallicity have approximately 15% lower mass-loss rates compared to DARWIN models at solar metallicity with the same stellar parameters and carbon excess. For both solar and subsolar environments typical grain sizes range between 0.1 and 0.5 mu m, the degree of condensed carbon varies between 5 and 40%, and the gas-to-dust ratios between 500 and 10 000.ConclusionsC-type AGB stars can contribute to the dust production at subsolar metallicities (down to at least [Fe/H] = -1) as long as they dredge up sufficient amounts of carbon from the stellar interior. Furthermore, stellar evolution models can use the mass-loss rates calculated from DARWIN models at solar metallicity when modeling the AGB phase at subsolar metallicities if carbon excess is used as the critical abundance parameter instead of the C/O ratio.
25.	Bonagas, Nadilly, et al. (författare) Pharmacological targeting of MTHFD2 suppresses acute myeloid leukemia by inducing thymidine depletion and replication stress 2022 Ingår i: NATURE CANCER. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2662-1347. ; 3:2, s. 156- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The folate metabolism enzyme MTHFD2 (methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase) is consistently overexpressed in cancer but its roles are not fully characterized, and current candidate inhibitors have limited potency for clinical development. In the present study, we demonstrate a role for MTHFD2 in DNA replication and genomic stability in cancer cells, and perform a drug screen to identify potent and selective nanomolar MTHFD2 inhibitors; protein cocrystal structures demonstrated binding to the active site of MTHFD2 and target engagement. MTHFD2 inhibitors reduced replication fork speed and induced replication stress followed by S-phase arrest and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo, with a therapeutic window spanning four orders of magnitude compared with nontumorigenic cells. Mechanistically, MTHFD2 inhibitors prevented thymidine production leading to misincorporation of uracil into DNA and replication stress. Overall, these results demonstrate a functional link between MTHFD2-dependent cancer metabolism and replication stress that can be exploited therapeutically with this new class of inhibitors. Helleday and colleagues describe a nanomolar MTHFD2 inhibitor that causes replication stress and DNA damage accumulation in cancer cells via thymidine depletion, demonstrating a potential therapeutic strategy in AML tumors in vivo.
26.	Bååthe, Sofie, et al. (författare) Population pharmacokinetics of melagatran, the active form of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran, in atrial fibrillation patients receiving long-term anticoagulation therapy 2006 Ingår i: Clinical Pharmacokinetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0312-5963 .- 1179-1926. ; 45:8, s. 803-819 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Ximelagatran is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor for the prevention of thromboembolic disease. After oral administration, ximelagatran is rapidly absorbed and bioconverted to its active form, melagatran. Objective: To characterise the pharmacokinetics of melagatran in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) receiving long-term treatment for prevention of stroke and systemic embolic events. Methods: A population pharmacokinetic model was developed based on data from three phase 11 studies (1177 plasma concentration observations in 167 patients, treated for up to 18 months) and confirmed by including data from two phase III studies (8702 plasma concentration observations in 3188 patients, treated for up to 24 months). The impact of individualised dosing on pharmacokinetic variability was evaluated by simulations of melagatran concentrations based on the pharmacokinetic model. Results: Melagatran pharmacokinetics were consistent across the studied doses and duration of treatment, and were described by a one-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination. Clearance of melagatran was correlated to creatinine clearance, which was the most important predictor of melagatran exposure (explained 54% of interpatient variance in clearance). Total variability (coefficient of variation) in exposure was 45%; intraindividual variability in exposure was 23%. Concomitant medication with the most common long-term used drugs in the study population had no relevant influence on melagatran pharmacokinetics. Simulations suggested that dose adjustment based on renal function or trough plasma concentration had a minor effect on overall pharmacokinetic variability and the number of patients with high melagatran exposure. Conclusion: The pharmacokinetics of melagatran in NVAF patients were predictable, and consistent with results from previously studied patient populations. Dose individualisation was predicted to have a low impact on pharmacokinetic variability, supporting the use of a fixed-dose regimen of ximelagatran for long-term anticoagulant therapy in the majority of NVAF patients.
27.	Cans, Ann-Sofie, 1971, et al. (författare) Measurement of the Dynamics of Exocytosis and Vesicle Retrieval at Cell Populations using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance 2001 Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 73, s. 5805-5811 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
28.	Duberg, Anna, 1976-, et al. (författare) Funktionell buksmärta - aktuellt kunskapsläge och behandlingsalternativ : Inklusive prova på Just-in-Time-metoden 2024 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
29.	Ekholm, Karolina, et al. (författare) Svensk Finanspolitik 2008: Finanspolitiska rådets rapport 2008 2008 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
30.	Elmgren, Maja, 1964-, et al. (författare) Vilket stöd behövs i rollen som pedagogisk ledare? 2010 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
31.	Eriksson, Ann-Sofie (författare) A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of an antiepileptic drug (lamotrigine) in young patients with drug-resistant generalized epilepsy 2000 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of lamotrigine in young patients with drug-resistant generalised epilepsy. This group of patients is difficult to study due to a high seizure frequency, comorbidity and the frequent use of polytherapy. "Drug-resistant" was defined as not being seizure-free despite consecutive treatment attempts of adequate duration and with adequate therapeutic doses of at least three conventional AEDs. "Generalised" was defined according to the definition of the International League Against Epilepsy requiring a scalp EEG showing generalised or multifocal epileptiform activity. Thirty consecutive patients, 15 boys and 15 girls, satisfied the inclusion criteria and took part in the study. The mean age at entry was 9.9 years (range 2.5-22 years) and the median duration of epilepsy at entry was 8.3 years (range 1.4-19.1 years). The mean number of seizures per month at entry was 102 (range 4-315), and the patients (n=30) were treated with 19 different AED combinations. Four patients had normal IQs, 9 patients showed mild mental retardation (MR) and 17 showed severe MR with IQs lower than 50. Twenty-one patients could be said to have epileptic syndromes: one child with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and 20 children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Our patients had one to five types of seizure. Our enrichment study model presented several advantages. The dose was adjustable to age, bodyweight and co-medication. The lowest effective dose was used, which is similar to how patients with epilepsy are treated in clinical practice. Ethically, all patients were able to try the new drug and only clinical "responders" would continue in a double-blind crossover study with placebo. This trial minimised the exposure of children to placebo. We found no relationship between plasma LTG concentrations and clinical efficacy. However, our results suggest that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of LTG is of value for optimising the dose because of large interindividual differences caused by interactions between LTG and other AEDs. TDM may also be of great importance, especially in patients with rapid elimination who may require medication three times daily to ensure optimal treatment with LTG. We found LTG to be more effective than placebo when we looked at the average monthly seizure frequency (p<0.0001). Our findings in the group of children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome are encouraging. Thirteen patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome showed an overall improvement when LTG was added. Seven of the 20 children responded with a more than 50% seizure reduction. Two patients became seizure-free and three showed a more than 75% reduction in seizure frequency. Assessments of the short-term effects of AEDs by measuring free amino acids in the CSF are problematic, both methodologically and ethically. We could not find any changes in amino acid levels when LTG was added. Video-EEG may be a complementary method for assessing AED efficacy in children with frequent epileptiform discharges in the EEG. Our findings support the assumption that reduction of the amount of interictal epileptiform activity and/or periods of more than 30s of repetitive, epileptiform discharges is a possible reason for the observed improvement in behaviour. Measures of seizure severity and quality of life are of great importance in assessing the efficacy outcome when a new AED is studied. Therapeutic decisions based only on seizure frequency are not sufficient for adequate management of patients with epilepsy. Increased alertness, resulting in a corresponding improvement in social interaction and educational progress, is as important as a reduction of clinical seizures. Altogether, these results have important implications for practical patient management. Failure to control clinical seizures does not necessarily mean complete failure of the treatment.
32.	Eriksson, Björn, et al. (författare) Establishment and characterization of a mouse strain (TLL) that spontaneously develops T-cell lymphomas/leukemia 1999 Ingår i: Experimental Hematology. - 0301-472X .- 1873-2399. ; 27:4, s. 682-688 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this study, a mouse strain (TLL) that spontaneously develops T-cell lymphomas/leukemia with an early onset and high incidence was established and characterized. All tumors analyzed were found to express the alpha,beta T-cell receptor, and the majority of them had a mature, CD3+CD4+CD8- immunophenotype. In a few cases, tumors with a more immature CD3+CD4+CD8+ phenotype were isolated. Expanded phenotyping using a broad panel of lymphocyte differentiation markers confirmed the mature T-cell phenotype of the tumors. Histologic and cell cycle analysis of the tumors revealed an aggressive lymphoblastic malignancy with a very high proliferation rate and widespread engagement of bone marrow and lymphoid as well as nonlymphoid organs. Thus, the TLL mouse strain represents a unique model for the analysis of the oncogenesis and progression of mature T-cell tumors and for the development of therapeutic measures to combat such tumors.
33.	Eriksson, Camilla, et al. (författare) Förslag till Program för miljödata om byggd miljö 2010 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Utgångspunkten i förslaget till uppföljningsprogram för den byggda miljön är behovetav uppföljning av miljöaspekter, särskilt inom områdena människors hälsa, kulturmiljö,bebyggelsens kvalitet och lokalisering samt resurshushållning, både inom miljömålssystemetsom för andra behov.Dagens övervaknings- och uppföljningssystem är inte uppbyggda för att omfatta den byggdamiljön och behöver kompletteras med en mer systematisk uppföljning av denna. Detfinns ett stort behov av utveckling av miljödata om byggd miljö.Det föreslagna programmet syftar till att samlat och kontinuerligt följa och kommuniceramiljötillståndet för den byggda miljön och att ha en organisatorisk samlande rollför relevant miljödata för den byggda miljön. Programmets uppgift ska vara att beskrivatillståndet och dess förändringar, men inte att värdera betydelsen av dessa.Programmet har en utvecklingsbar struktur och föreslås inledningsvis ha fokus på trettonolika områden för uppföljning där det är särskilt intressant att följa förändringar itillståndet:Bebyggelsens sammansättningByggnaders tillståndLokaliseringTäthetAllmänt tillgängliga områdenBarriärerEnergiServiceTransporterResurshushållningVatten och avloppLuftLjudTillståndet i miljön ska kommuniceras genom indikatorer. Uppföljningsområdena äridag olika väl försedda med existerande data och indikatorer. Programmet ska i störstamöjliga utsträckning använda data och indikatorer som redan används i andra sammanhang.I rapporten lämnas idéförslag på indikatorer samt aspekter som är angelägnaatt följa. I det fortsatta arbetet ska dessa bedömas avseende relevans, kvalitet och validitet.Data i programmet avses finnas tillgängligt via ett webbaserat söksystem samt sammanställasi återkommande rapporter. I denna rapport föreslås att arbete med att utvecklaprogrammet ska fortsätta med målsättningen att systemet för uppföljning skakunna leverera sina första data under 2011.Avsikten är att programmet ska genomföras i samverkan mellan Boverket, Riksantikvarieämbetetoch Socialstyrelsen.
34.	Eriksson, Erik, et al. (författare) Implementation and use of a project specific environmental program - a case study 2003 Ingår i: Proceedings of the Third Nordic Conference - Construction Economics and Organisation 2003. ; , s. 129-138 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
35.	Eriksson, Inger, 1952-, et al. (författare) Slutrapport – Utprövning av ett kartläggningsredskap för identifiering av undervisningsutmaningar 2022 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Stockholm Teaching & Learning Studies (STLS) och Stockholms universitet har sedan 2017 samverkat inom den nationella försöksverksamheten – ULF-avtal. Den nationella försöksverksamheten (som är planerad att permanentas från och med 2025) syftar till att utveckla modeller för hur praktiknära forskning kan bedrivas i samverkan mellan skolhuvudmän och lärosäten. En av principerna med ULF-avtalet är att forskningsfrågorna ska ta sin utgångspunkt i skolans problem och utmaningar (https://www.ulfavtal.se/ Om ULF-avtal). Huvudmännen inom STLS konstaterade att de kvantitativa data – som meritvärden, betyg och brukarundersökningar – som vanligtvis utgör underlag för analyser och resultatdialoger endast ger indikationer om problem på en aggregerad nivå. Av olika anledningar är det mindre vanligt att mer klassrumsnära data diskuteras och analyseras. Det innebär att innehållet i undervisningen och dess behandling i relation till elevernas lärande sällan är i fokus i samband med skolans systematiska kvalitetsarbete. Även om denna typ av arbete görs i årskurs- och ämneslärargrupper tenderar eventuella erfarenheter och problematiska områden att osynliggöras när resultaten rapporteras i huvudmannaorganisationen. Samordningsgruppen för ULF/STLS tillsatte under våren 2020 en arbetsgrupp som bestod av representanter för huvudmännen inom STLS (Per Anderhag, Stockholms stad, Bo Karlsson, Botkyrka kommun & Jonatan Lannemar, Nacka kommun) och en av STLS dåvarande vetenskapliga ledare (Inger Eriksson) samt en representant för Stockholms universitet (Pär Larsson). Uppdraget var att “genomföra ett mindre utredningsarbete i relation till ovanstående problemområde. Syftet var att skapa underlag för att pröva möjligheterna att grunda forskningsprojekt inom STLS i erfarenheter och tillgängliga från huvudmannens systematiska kvalitetsarbete. Föreliggande rapport innefattar förutom de två handböcker (bilaga 1 & 2) som utgör pilotprojektets konkreta 3 resultat en beskrivning av arbetet. Vi har valt att kalla kartläggningsredskapet: Systematisk Kartläggning av Undervisningsutmaningar (SKU). Frågorna som pilotprojektet skulle söka svar på var bland annat: Hur behöver en modell för undervisningsnära ämnesvis kartläggning vara utformad för att ge tillräckligt, men inte för detaljerad, information om vad som utgör problem och utmaningar i undervisningen? Hur kan identifierade problem omvandlas till forskningsbara och (i relation till forskningsfronten) relevanta frågor som äger giltighet bortom den lokala kontexten? I vilken utsträckning förefaller problem identifierade i en skola eller förskola äga giltighet även för andra skolor/förskolor och därmed indikera ett mera generellt kunskapsbehov?
36.	Eriksson, Inger, 1952-, et al. (författare) Slutrapport - Utprövning av ett kartläggningsredskap för identifiering av undervisningsutmaningar 2022 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
37.	Eriksson, Irene, et al. (författare) To feel emotional concern : A qualitative interview study to explore telephone nurses’ experiences of difficult calls 2019 Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2054-1058. ; 6:3, s. 842-848 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Aim: To describe telenurses’ experiences of difficult calls.Design: A qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used to gain a deeper understanding of the telenurses’ experiences.Methods: The data were collected in spring 2017 through semi-structured interviews with 19 telenurses at call centres and primary healthcare centres and were analysed with qualitative content analysis.Results: Becoming emotionally concerned is central to the telenurse’s experiences of difficult calls. Difficult calls are accompanied by feelings such as inadequacy, uncertainty and anxiety, which can be described as emotional tension. Emotional tension refers to situations when the caller’s expressed emotions were conveyed to the telenurses and altered their state of mind. The telenurses stated that difficult calls that cause them to become anxious remain in their thoughts and go through their minds repeatedly, making a deep impression.
38.	Eriksson, Inger, 1952-, et al. (författare) Undervisningsutmaningar : som en guldgruva för lärardriven didaktisk skolutveckling, F-6 2024 Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Vad är svårt att få våra elever att lära sig? Varför? Hur kan vår undervisning utvecklas för att möta behoven? Med vardagliga undervisningsutmaningar som grund för det kollegiala utvecklingsarbetet finns stor potential att stärka den gemensamma kunskapsbasen i ett meningsfullt systematiskt kvalitetsarbete. Författarna erbjuder här tankesätt, konkreta redskap och en stegvis arbetsgång för att systematiskt ringa in och ta sig an de ämnesdidaktiska undervisningsutmaningar som uppstår i klassrummen. I boken lyfts vikten av att lärare tillsammans identifierar de ämnesdidaktiska utmaningarna och utifrån dessa finner vägar att vässa undervisningen. Det handlar om att ta avstamp i befintlig kunskap och erfarenhet i ett utvecklingsarbete som både kan dra nytta av och utgöra utgångspunkt för ny ämnesdidaktisk forskning. Den här boken vänder sig till praktiserande eller studerande lärare och rektorer i F-6 som vill bidra med ett granskande förhållningssätt till den egna praktiken. Den kan med fördel köpas in av en hel skola för att främja det gemensamma lärandet i en skolutveckling som gör skillnad.
39.	Eriksson, Joakim, 1977-, et al. (författare) EFFICIENT DECISION-MAKING IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 2007 Ingår i: Proceedings of ICED 2007, the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design, vol DS 42. - 1904670024 - 9781904670025 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Product development projects need to be managed in a timely and efficient manner in the present competitive business environment. The authors of this work argue that the commonly used product development models do not fully meet this demand, and the decision-making process needs to be made explicit. This work mainly focuses on the product development process. Two companies were studied using case study research. The aim of the case study was to identify key factors affecting the decision-making process in product development. The type of collaboration used in these two companies was also investigated in order to identify the influence it had on the decision-making process of each. The two companies had different views of the decision-making process which were related to their level of development process knowledge. Common factors affecting the decision-making process in product development were divided into ten categories: (1) Handling of requirements, (2) Experience of projects, (3) Organizational aspects, (4) Project management, (5) Top management, (6) Knowledge, (7) Risk management, (8) Information systems, (9) Communication, and (10) Change management.
40.	Eriksson, Katarina (författare) Bacterial Vaginosis : Diagnosis, Prevalence, and Treatment 2011 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by a foul smelling vaginal discharge, loss or reduction of the normal vaginal Lactobacilli, and overgrowth of other anaerobic bacteria. Thus, it presents a formidable problem for clinicians as well as microbiologists researching its etiology, clinical course, treatment, and epidemiology. The present work focuses on the unresolved issues of the epidemiology and treatment of BV in order to provide valid methods for treatment studies of this condition and to describe the prevalence of BV in defined populations.The first study validates the use of PAP-stained smears in the diagnosis of BV. The study assesses the methods of Amsel’s clinical criteria and Nugent criteria on Gram-stain smears, against Pap-stained smears and also validates different observers. The result shows that the PAP-staining of vaginal smears is a good method in BV diagnosis; the kappa value is 0.86 (interobserver weighted kappa index) compared to 0.81 for Gram-stained smears, and 0.70 for rehydrated air-dried smears using the mean Nugent score as the criterion standard. This enables population based studies on archived PAP-stained smears from the screening of cervical cancer.In the second study, we use the knowledge gained from study one to investigate the prevalence of BV in a cohort from the population of Åland. The prevalences of BV on the Åland Islands were: 15.6 %, 11.9 %, 8.7 %, and 8.6% in 1993, 1998, 2003, and 2008, respectively. This means that the prevalence of BV decreased between1993-2008 from 15.6% to 8.6%. The confidence intervals are not overlapping, thus indicating a significant decrease in prevalence from 1993 to 2008.The third study is a prospective, double-blind placebo controlled treatment study of BV. After conventional treatment with clindamycin, the patients were treated with adjuvant treatment of Lactobacilli-loaded tampons or placebo. The study showed no differences between the treatment and the placebo group, indicating that the tampon does not work at all. There are a variety of possible explanations for the result, which are analyzed in this thesis.The fourth study aimed to evaluate whether clindamycin is retained for a long time in the vaginal mucosa, thus disturbing the Lactobacilli in an attempt to reimplant Lactobacilli in the probiotic treatment studies. In conventional treatment, it is also useful to know whether clindamycin is retained, especially when considering the pressure from antibiotics on the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. In the study, we found that the clindamycin disappears rapidly.Conclusion: BV research requires effort from many different scientific disciplines and the riddle of this condition and its treatment can only be resolved by concerted actions in research and treatment. The vision for the future includes, among other factors, better molecular biology based diagnostic tools, and knowledge of population based bacterial floras.
41.	Eriksson, Katarina, et al. (författare) The prevalence of BV in the population on the Åland Islands during a 15-year period 2010 Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - Malden, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 118:11, s. 903-908 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence and age distribution of bacterial vaginosis (BV) during an observation period of 15 years in a population study with cross-sectional samples of adult women living on the Åland Islands. The Åland Islands form an archipelago in the Baltic Sea and are a province of Finland. Every fifth year, specific age groups in the adult female population are invited to participate in a screening program for early diagnosis of cervical cancer using a papanicolaou (PAP)-stained vaginal smear. Women in the age groups of 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 years are called each year. BV diagnosis of the PAP-stained smears uses the classification according to Nugent. The PAP-stained smears from the screening program of cervical cancer 1993, 1998, 2003, and 2008 were used in this study. A total of 3456 slides were investigated and 271 women could be followed for the 15-year observation period. The prevalence of BV declined from 15.6% in 1993 to 8.6% in 2008. The highest prevalence occurred among the age groups of 35 and 50 years. Among the 271 women who could be followed for the 15-year observation period, two-third showed normal/intermediate flora and one-third were infected with BV at least once. As this is a cross-sectional population study spanning 15 years, the prevalence of BV in the female adult population of the Åland Islands can be estimated. The prevalence has declined between 1993 and 2008 from 15.6% to 8.6%.
42.	Eriksson, Mats, et al. (författare) Ophryotrocha sp., the first report of a jawed polychaete from the Cretaceous of Skåne, Sweden 2000 Ingår i: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. - 0567-7920. ; 45:3, s. 311-315 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
43.	Eriksson, Maria, 1969-, et al. (författare) Professionalisering och brukares behov : Dilemman i socialtjänstens stöd till våldsutsatta kvinnor 2022 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Hur kan socialtjänsten bäst möta behoven hos personer utsatta för våld i parrelationer, typiskt sett våldsutsatta kvinnor? Med utgångspunkt i exemplet Stockholms stad och organisering av arbetet med våld i nära relation och hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck i den kontexten, diskuteras i presentationen dilemman förknippade med den professionalisering av arbetet med våld i nära relation som pågått sedan millennieskiftet i många av landets kommuner. I exemplet som diskuteras finns två typer av enheter specialiserade på våld; med fokus på myndighetsutövning (Relationsvåldsteam RVT) respektive på stödinsatser (Relationsvåldscentrum RVC). Med utgångspunkt i resultaten av en forskarutvärdering av arbetet vid RVC i Stockholms stad vilken genomfördes under 2020 och 2021 diskuteras i presentationen för- och nackdelar förknippade med socialtjänstens organisering av arbetet med våld i nära relationer, sett ur såväl professionellas som brukares perspektiv. Frågan om samverkan mellan socialtjänstens olika delar och samordningen av insatser riktade till våldsutsatta berörs också. De resultat som presenteras pekar bland annat på hur socialtjänstens specialisering i förhållande till våld å ena sidan kan vara nödvändig för insatser mot våld och god kvalitet, samtidigt som den å andra sidan kan vara förknippad med professionellt ”gränsarbete” mellan olika professionella grupper, så att exempelvis praktiskt och vardagsnära stöd kan definieras ut från det egna professionella uppdraget, samtidigt som det är just den typen av stöd våldsutsatta kvinnor kan behöva för att ta sig ur en relation med våld, i synnerhet de kvinnor med begränsade socioekonomiska resurser.
44.	Eriksson, Maria, 1969-, et al. (författare) Specialiserade team vid våld i nära relation : en studie i tre kommuner 2024 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I föreliggande rapport redovisas resultat av en studie av hur tre kommuner hanterar socialnämndens ansvar för insatser på våldsområdet. Den undersöker hur kommunerna organiserar och genomför arbetet med att ge stöd till vuxna personer som utsatts för våld i nära relation respektive insatser till personer som utövar våld i nära relation. Studien genomfördes under åren 2020-2022 av forskare knutna till Institutionen för socialvetenskap vid Marie Cederschiöld högskola, inom ramen för det sexåriga forskningsprogrammet ”Samordnade interventionssystem mot våld i nära relationer” finansierat av Forte (2019-01492).Resultaten pekar på betydelsen av särskilda enheter eller mottagningar inriktade på våld i nära relation för att säkra god kvalitet i kommunernas insatser. Samtidigt synliggör både brukares och personalens beskrivningar utmaningar i socialtjänstens arbete med våld i nära relationer. Dessa handlar om implikationer av socialtjänstens funktionsindelning och specialisering, komplexiteten i att komma ur våld i förhållande till begränsade resurser till stödet till våldsutsatta, särskilt sårbara våldsutsatta brukare och hur arbetet är anpassat till deras behov, samt problemet med att interventionssystemet kring våld i nära relationer tenderar att vara vuxencentrerat trots att det finns minderåriga barn i familjen de flesta fall av våld i nära relationer som socialtjänsten kommer i kontakt med.
45.	Eriksson, Maria, 1969-, et al. (författare) Specialiserade team vid våld i nära relation : en studie i tre kommuner 2024 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I föreliggande rapport redovisas resultat av en studie av hur tre kommuner hanterar socialnämndens ansvar för insatser på våldsområdet. Den undersöker hur kommunerna organiserar och genomför arbetet med att ge stöd till vuxna personer som utsatts för våld i nära relation respektive insatser till personer som utövar våld i nära relation. Studien genomfördes under åren 2020-2022 av forskare knutna till Institutionen för socialvetenskap vid Marie Cederschiöld högskola, inom ramen för det sexåriga forskningsprogrammet ”Samordnade interventionssystem mot våld i nära relationer” finansierat av Forte (2019-01492).Resultaten pekar på betydelsen av särskilda enheter eller mottagningar inriktade på våld i nära relation för att säkra god kvalitet i kommunernas insatser. Samtidigt synliggör både brukares och personalens beskrivningar utmaningar i socialtjänstens arbete med våld i nära relationer. Dessa handlar om implikationer av socialtjänstens funktionsindelning och specialisering, komplexiteten i att komma ur våld i förhållande till begränsade resurser till stödet till våldsutsatta, särskilt sårbara våldsutsatta brukare och hur arbetet är anpassat till deras behov, samt problemet med att interventionssystemet kring våld i nära relationer tenderar att vara vuxencentrerat trots att det finns minderåriga barn i familjen de flesta fall av våld i nära relationer som socialtjänsten kommer i kontakt med.
46.	Eriksson, Maria, 1969-, et al. (författare) Utvärdering av Relationsvåldscentrum (RVC) i Stockholms stad 2021 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I föreliggande rapport presenteras resultaten av en forskarutvärdering av Relationsvådscentrum (RVC) i Stockholms stad. Utvärderingen har genomförts av en grupp forskare knutna till Institutionen för socialvetenskap vid Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola och har pågått under 2020 och 2021. Utvärderingens övergripande syfte är att undersöka vilken betydelse RVC har för att säkra god kvalitet i Stockholms stads insatser mot våld i nära relation respektive hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Studien fokuserar fyra olika områden: 1) Resultat, 2) Jämförelse med socialtjänstens ordinarie arbete, 3) Organisation, 4) Kostnader. Studien har genomförts genom en kombination av metoder och rapporten bygger på sex olika dataset: 1) Dokument och statistik rörande RVC:s brukare och arbete, inklusive underlag om ekonomiska förutsättningar; 2) Självskattningar av traumasymptom hos RVC:s våldsutsatta brukare; 3) Tematiskt strukturerade intervjuer med personal vid RVC respektive stadsdelarnas RVT; 4) Enkät till personal i RVC respektive stadsdelarnas RVT om hur samverkan mellan RVC och övriga delar av socialtjänsten fungerar; 5) Tematiskt strukturerade intervjuer med brukare vid RVC, 6) RVC:s brukarundersökning. Utvärderingens övergripande slutsats är att RVC är av central betydelse för att säkra god kvalitet i Stockholms stads insatser mot våld i nära relation respektive hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Samtidigt finns en rad områden där det går att se stor potential till förbättringar.
47.	Eriksson, Maria, et al. (författare) Utvärdering av Relationsvåldscentrum (RVC) i Stockholms stad 2021 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I föreliggande rapport presenteras resultaten av en forskarutvärdering av Relationsvåldscentrum (RVC) i Stockholms stad. Utvärderingen har genomförts av en grupp forskare knutna till Institutionen för socialvetenskap vid Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola och har pågått under 2020 och 2021. Utvärderingens övergripande syfte är att undersöka vilken betydelse RVC har för att säkra god kvalitet i Stockholms stads insatser mot våld i nära relation respektive hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Studien fokuserar på fyra olika områden: 1) Resultat, 2) Arbetet som bedrivs vid RVC i jämförelse med ordinarie arbete i respektive stadsdelsförvaltning, exempelvis när det gäller bemötande eller lämpliga och tillräckliga insatser, 3) Organisation, och 4) Kostnader. Studien har genomförts genom en kombination av metoder och rapporten bygger på sex olika dataset: 1) Dokument och statistik rörande RVC:s brukare och arbete, inklusive underlag om ekonomiska förutsättningar; 2) Självskattningar av traumasymptom hos RVC:s våldsutsatta brukare; 3) Tematiskt strukturerade intervjuer med personal vid RVC respektive stadsdelsförvaltningarnas myndighetsutövande enheter, här benämnda relationsvåldsteam (RVT); 4) Enkät till personal påRVC respektive stadsdelsförvaltningarnas relationsvåldsteam (RVT) om hur samverkan mellan RVC och övriga delar av socialtjänsten fungerar; 5) Tematiskt strukturerade intervjuer med brukare vid RVC, 6) RVC:s brukarundersökning.
48.	Eriksson, Staffan, et al. (författare) Circumstances surrounding falls in patients with dementia in a psychogeriatric ward 2009 Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 49:1, s. 80-87 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract People with dementia have an increased risk of falling. Predisposing factors explain only a small part of the variation in falls among people with dementia. The purpose of this study was to explore circumstances that are hazardous regarding falls among people with dementia at a psychogeriatric ward. The study comprised 191 participants of whom seventy-five fell a total of 229 times. Prospective data were collected on falls. Hazardous circumstances were calculated in two ways. Firstly possible differences between day/night falls and women/men falls were calculated based on the 229 falls. Secondly time to first fall was used to estimate hazardous circumstances and was based on 75 falls. This study shows a fall rate that was equally high during the night and the day. The proportion of diurnal rhythm disturbances and activity disturbances was higher for falls at night than for falls during the day. Circumstances associated with an increased risk of falls, as shown by a short time to first fall, were anxiety, darkness, not wearing any shoes and, for women, urinary tract infection. All of these are circumstances that should be considered in future fall-related research among people with dementia.
49.	Eriksson, Sven, et al. (författare) Supporting pedagogical leaders 2010 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
50.	Eriksson, Thomas, et al. (författare) Stolptorp - skärvstenshögar från Ãldre bronsålder : Arkeologisk undersökning RAÃ 30, Torslunda 3:20 : Fröslunda socken, Uppland 2006 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Skärvstenshögar från äldre bronsålder med en begravning och boplatsmaterial

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