↓ Direkt till sidans innehåll
↓ Direkt till sidans sekundära innehåll (sidomenyn)

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Ernerudh Jan 1952 ) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Ernerudh Jan 1952 )

Resultat 1-50 av 80

Sortera/gruppera träfflistan

Sortering: Träffar per sida:

Numrering	Referens	Omslagsbild	Hitta
1.	Edvardsson, Maria, et al. (författare) Classification of ≥80-year-old individuals into healthy, moderately healthy, and frail based on different frailty scores affects the interpretation of laboratory results 2022 Ingår i: Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Nepal Journals Online (NepJOL). - 2467-9100 .- 2091-0576. ; 13:9, s. 63-71 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Interpretation laboratory analyses are crucial when assessing the patient’s condition. Reference intervals from apparently healthy and disease-free individuals may cause problems when outcomes from elderly patients with chronic diseases and on medications are being interpreted. Elderly individuals are a heterogeneous group ranging from individuals managing their daily life independently to individuals with diseases and impairment, in need of nursing care around the clock, that is, frail; a term widely used although there is no consensus on the definition.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the effect of classification of elderly into healthy, moderately healthy, and frail, based on activities of daily living (ADL) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or frailty index (FI), on the interpretation of outcomes regarding: Albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) levels.Materials and Methods: Individuals ≥80 years (n=568) were classified either on ADL and MMSE or number of deficits, (FI).Results: Individuals classified as frail based on FI had lower mean levels for ALT, creatinine and γ-GT than individuals classified based on ADL and MMSE (P<0.05).Conclusion: The model to define health status to some extent affected laboratory analyte levels in ≥80 years old, classified as healthy, moderately healthy, and frail based on ADL and MMSE versus FI.
2.	Eriksson, Per, 1958-, et al. (författare) Relationship between serum levels of IL-18 and IgG1 in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and healthy controls 2004 Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 137:3, s. 617-620 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is characterized by inflammation in salivary and lachrymal glands, with a local predominance of Th1-like cytokines, as well as the pleiotropic cytokine interleukin (IL) 18. High serum levels of polyclonal IgG are common, with a subclass imbalance in which IgG1 is increased and IgG2 is normal or low. IL-18 is also of pathogenetic importance in rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study we looked for any relationship between serum IL-18 as well as transforming growth factor (TGF) β1 versus IgA, IgM, and IgG subclass levels in SS (n = 16), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 15), and healthy controls (n = 15). SS was defined by the revised American-European classification criteria. IL-18 and TGF-β1 were analyzed with enzyme immunoassays (EIA), and IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 by single radial immunodiffusion. In the composite group of RA, SS and normal controls, IgG1 and IL-18 were related (R = 0.52, P = 0.0005). No relation was found neither between IL-18 versus IgG2, IgG3 or IgA, nor between serum TGF-β1 versus any of the immunoglobulins. Since serum levels of IL-18 are related to serum IgG1, IL-18 may be of importance for IgG1 switch and/or release.
3.	Eriksson, Per, 1958-, et al. (författare) Sjögren´s syndrome with myalgia is associated with subnormal secretion of cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 2004 Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 31, s. 729-735 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
4.	Forsey, R J, et al. (författare) Plasma cytokine profiles in elderly humans. 2003 Ingår i: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. - 0047-6374 .- 1872-6216. ; 124:4, s. 487-493 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
5.	Hellberg, Sandra, 1986- (författare) Effects of Pregnancy and Hormones on T cell Immune Regulation in Multiple Sclerosis 2019 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by a dysregulated immune system leading to chronic inflammation in the central nervous system. Despite increasing number of treatments, many patients continue to deteriorate. A better understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms involved in driving disease is a pre-requisite for finding new biomarkers and new treatment targets. The improvement of MS during pregnancy, comparable to the beneficial effects of the most effective treatment, suggests that the transient and physiological immune tolerance established during pregnancy could serve as a model for successful immune regulation. Most likely the immune-endocrine alterations that take place during pregnancy to accommodate the presence of the semi-allogenic fetus contribute to the observed disease improvement.The aim of this thesis was to characterize the dysregulated immune system in MS and define potential factors and mechanisms established during pregnancy that could be involved in the pregnancy-induced effects in MS, focusing on CD4+ T cells as one of the main drivers in immunity and in the MS pathogenesis. Using a network-based modular approach based on gene expression profiling, we could show that CD4+ T cells from patients with MS displayed an altered dynamic gene response to activation, in line with a dysregulated immune system in MS. The resulting gene module disclosed cell activation and chemotaxis as central components in the deviating response, results that form a basis for further studies on its modulation during pregnancy. Moreover, a combination of secreted proteins (OPN+CXCL1-3+CXCL10-CCL2), identified from the module, could be used to separate patients and controls, predict disease activity after 2 years and discriminate between high and low responders to treatment, highlighting their potential use as biomarkers for predicting disease activity and response to treatment.The pregnancy hormone progesterone (P4), a potential factor involved in the pregnancy-induced amelioration of MS, was found to significantly dampen CD4+ T cell activation. Further detailed transcriptomic profiling revealed that P4 almost exclusively down-regulated immune-related pathways in activated T cells, several related to or downstream of T cell activation such as JAKSTAT signaling, T cell receptor signaling and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. In particular, P4 significantly affected genes of relevance to diseases known to be modulated during pregnancy, where genes associated to MS were most significantly affected, supporting a role for P4 in the pregnancy-induced immunomodulation. By using another approach, the role of thymus in T cell regulation during pregnancy was assessed. Two established measures of thymic output, CD31 expression and TREC content, were used and showed that thymic output of T cells is maintained during human pregnancy, or even possibly increased in terms of regulatory T cells.This thesis further supports a pivotal role for CD4+ T cells and T cell activation in the MS pathogenesis and adds to the knowledge of how they could be involved in driving disease. We identified a novel strategy for capturing central aspects of the deviating response to T cell activation that could be translated into potentially clinically relevant biomarkers. Further, P4 is emerging as a promising candidate for the pregnancy-induced immunomodulation that could be of importance as a future treatment option. Lastly, maintained thymic output of T cells during human pregnancy challenges the rodent-based dogma of an inactive thymus during pregnancy. Thymic dysfunction has been reported not only in MS but also in rheumatoid arthritis, another inflammatory disease that improves during pregnancy, which highlights a potential role for thymus in immune regulation that could be involved in the pregnancy-induced amelioration.
6.	Håkansson, Irene, 1976- (författare) Biomarkers and Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis : A cohort study on patients with clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis 2019 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis focuses on disease activity in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and newly diagnosed relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The papers are based on data from 41 patients in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. All patients were untreated at baseline. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=22) for blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were recruited from blood donors.Paper I evaluated the prognostic value of baseline levels of CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL22, neurofilament light chain (NFL), neurofilament heavy chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein, chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and osteopontin in CSF in relation to disease activity during the first two years of follow-up. Disease activity was defined as clinical relapses, new T2 lesions in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression. Absence of these three signs of disease activity was called no evidence of disease activity (NEDA-3). Logistic regression analysis showed that NFL in CSF was the best predictive marker of disease activity and correctly classified 93% of the patients with evidence of disease activity during two years of follow-up and 67% of those without.Paper II presented four year follow-up data from the cohort and also included brain volume data as well as serum levels of NFL. The correlation between NFL in CSF and serum was fairly strong (r=0.74, p<0.001). NFL in CSF was associated with new T2 lesions as well as with brain volume loss, whereas CHI3L1 in CSF was associated mainly with brain volume loss and CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL22 and MMP-9 in CSF were mainly associated with new T2 lesions. Taken together, paper I and II confirm and extend the knowledge of NFL as a useful biomarker in CIS and RRMS and suggests that NFL, rather than total brain volume loss, could be included in an expanded NEDA concept and used in clinical monitoring of disease activity/treatment effect. Although serum levels of NFL were correlated with the corresponding CSF levels, CSF-NFL showed a stronger association to subsequent disease activity (NEDA-3).Paper III addressed the patients´ self-reported Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) scores in relation to other cohort study data. MFIS scores correlated with other self-assessment questionnaire data (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29 (MSIS-29) and Short Form 36 (SF-36) scores (Spearman´s rho 0.45-0.78, all p≤0.01)) but not with EDSS ratings, number of T2 lesions, total brain volume or NFL levels, indicating that subjective fatigue scores are not well reflected by some commonly used and objectively measurable disease parameters.Paper IV focused on the complement factors C1q, C3, C3a and sC5b-9 in CSF and plasma. CSFC1q was significantly higher in patients than in controls at baseline. The subgroup of patients with ongoing relapse at baseline also had higher levels of CSF-C3a than controls. Baseline levels of CSF-C1q and CSF-C3a correlated significantly with several pro-inflammatory chemokines as well as with MMP-9, CHI3L1 and NFL in CSF. Baseline CSF-C3a also correlated significantly with the number of T2 lesions and Gadolinium enhancing lesions in brain MRI at baseline, as well as with the number of new T2 lesions during follow-up. This study indicates that the complement system is involved already at early stages of MS. It also suggests that especially CSF-C1q and CSF-C3a levels are associated with other neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative markers and that CSF-C3a levels may carry some prognostic information.
7.	Lindvall, Björn, 1952-, et al. (författare) Subclinical myositis is common in primary Sjögren's syndrome and is not related to muscle pain 2002 Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 29:4, s. 717-725 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVE: Although muscle pain is common in primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), the underlying mechanisms are mainly unknown. We studied all patients with SS at our rheumatology unit with respect to muscle pain in general and to fibromyalgia (FM), and correlated clinical data to muscle biopsy findings.METHODS: We investigated 48 patients with SS according to the modified European diagnostic criteria. The ACR criteria for FM were used to subgroup the patients. Muscle biopsy was performed in 36 patients. Light microscope morphology and immunohistochemical expression of MHC class I, MHC class II, and membrane attack complex (MAC) were studied.RESULTS: We found 44% of patients complained of muscle pain; 27% fulfilled the ACR criteria for FM, whereas 17% had other forms of myalgia. Muscle pain could not be related to histopathological findings. Signs of inflammation were found in 26 of 36 biopsies (72%), and inflammation combined with degeneration/regeneration (i.e., histological signs of polymyositis) in 17 biopsies (47%). However, only 5 patients (14%) had clinical as well as histological signs of polymyositis. Eight muscle biopsies (22%) showed histological features of inclusion body myositis (IBM). However, no patient had clinical symptoms suggestive of this disease. Abnormal expression of MHC class I, MHC class II, and MAC was found in 18 (50%), 16 (44%), and 27 (75%) patients, respectively.CONCLUSION: Muscle pain, especially FM, is common in SS. Histopathological signs of myositis are very common in SS. However, muscle symptoms are not related to histological signs of muscle inflammation. IBM-like findings may represent vacuolar myopathic degeneration due to previous subclinical muscle inflammation rather than a specific clinical entity.
8.	Lindvall, Björn, 1952-, et al. (författare) The expression of adhesion molecules in muscle biopsies : the LFA-1/VLA-4 ratio in polymyositis 2003 Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 107:2, s. 134-141 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives– The expression of three pairs of adhesion receptors and ligands was examined in 22 consecutive muscle biopsies showing morphological signs of inflammation.Material and methods– The following groups were studied: patients with polymyositis (PM) (n=7), patients with myositis that did not fulfil criteria for PM, i.e. suspected PM (n=5), patients with other diseases, with no clinical signs of inflammatory myopathy (n=6), and a small group of non-PM inflammatory myopathies (n=4). The endothelial expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin was evaluated, as was the cellular expression of LFA-1, VLA-4 and SLex. In addition, the expression of MHC class I and II was studied.Results– The ratio between the number of cells expressing LFA-1 and VLA-4 showed significant differences between the groups, with the lowest values in PM.Conclusion– The LFA-1/VLA-4 ratio should be suitable for diagnostic purposes. Our findings also indicate that the VLA-4/VCAM-1 system is important for chronic T cell inflammation in muscle, in line with findings in other “hidden” organs like joints and the central nervous system.
9.	Matthiesen, Leif, 1954-, et al. (författare) A prospective study on the occurrence of autoantibodies in low-risk pregnancies. 1999 Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - 0301-2115 .- 1872-7654. ; 83, s. 21-26 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
10.	Nilsson, Bengt-Olof, 1954-, et al. (författare) Antinuclear antibodies in the oldest-old women and men 2006 Ingår i: Journal of Autoimmun. - : Elsevier. ; 27:4, s. 281-288 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in very old individuals (>/=86years of age) with healthy younger (18-68years) blood donors (n=200) regarding gender, health status, ratio of circulating CD4/CD8 cells and cytomegalovirus (CMV) serology. Frozen plasma was used for ANA detection in two study groups, i.e. 'OCTO' (97 persons aged 86-92years, 65% women) and 'NONA' (136 persons aged 86-95years, 70% women). OCTO participants were recruited on the basis that they were healthy or moderately healthy according to a selection protocol. No exclusion criteria regarding health status were applied in the NONA sample. The prevalence of ANA was significantly higher in the oldest-old samples compared to blood donors. There was no association between health status and the presence of ANA in the oldest-old. The difference across age was most pro-nounced in men, with low levels at younger age, whereas the prevalence among the oldest-old men reached similar levels as in women. There were no associations between the presence of ANA and CD4/CD8 ratio or with CMV status in the oldest-old. Our findings confirm an in-creased prevalence of ANA in the oldest-old, and emphasize the importance of taking gender and age into consideration when evaluating ANA.
11.	Reckner Olsson, Åsa, 1965-, et al. (författare) Allergic manifestations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 2003 Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 111:10, s. 940-944 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A functional dichotomy between Th1- and Th2-type immune responses has been suggested. This study was performed to investigate whether rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a disease with indications of Th1-deviated immune activation, is inversly related to atopic conditions which are Th2-mediated. Two hundred and sixty-three adult cases of RA, fulfilling the American Rheumatism Association (ARA) 1987 Revised Classification Criteria for RA, were identified in 1995 and compared with 541 randomly selected population referents. The presence of atopic manifestations was established through a postal questionnaire and by demonstrating circulating IgE antibodies to common allergens. RA was inversely associated with certain manifestations of rhinitis, which were regarded as the most reliable indicators of atopic disease in the present study. However, no negative association was seen between RA and asthma and eczema, respectively. The main results give some support for an inverse relationship between RA and rhinitis. The prevalence of circulating IgE antibodies was however similar in cases and controls, suggesting that the T-cell commitment mainly occurs in the affected organs.
12.	Wikby, Anders, et al. (författare) An immune risk phenotype, cognitive impairment, and survival in very late life : Impact of allostatic load in Swedish octogenarian and nonagenarian humans 2005 Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. - 1079-5006 .- 1758-535X. ; 60:5, s. 556-565 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the previous OCTO longitudinal study, we identified an immune risk phenotype (IRP) of high CD8 and low CD4 numbers and poor proliferative response. We also demonstrated that cognitive impairment constitutes a major predictor of nonsurvival. In the present NONA longitudinal study, we simultaneously examine in a model of allostatic load IRP and compromised cognition in 4-year survival in a population-based sample (n = 138, 86-94 years). Immune system measurements consisted of determinations of T-cell subsets, plasma interleukin 6 and cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus serology. Interleukin 2 responsiveness to concanavalin A, using data from the previous OCTO (octogenarians) immune study, hereafter OCTO immune, was also examined. Cognitive status was rated using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Logistic regression indicated that the IRP and cognitive impairment together predicted 58% of observed deaths. IRP was associated with late differentiated CD8+CD28-CD27 - cells (p < .001), decreased interleukin 2 responsiveness (p < .05) and persistent viral infection (p < .01). Cognitive impairment was associated with increased plasma interleukin 6 (p < .001). IRP individuals with cognitive impairment were all deceased at the follow-up, indicating an allostatic overload. Copyright 2005 by The Gerontological Society of America.
13.	Aniansson Zdolsek, Helena, 1961-, et al. (författare) Expression of the T–cell markers CD3, CD4 and CD8 in healthy and atopic Children during the first 18 months of life 1999 Ingår i: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1018-2438 .- 1423-0097. ; 119:1, s. 6-12 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: There is little information available about the development of T–cell immunity in healthy and atopic children. We have studied prospectively the mean fluorescence intensity of the T–cell receptor complex–associated CD3, CD4 and CD8 in relation to atopic family history (AFH) and the development of atopic disease.Methods: Children with a defined AFH (n = 172) were followed from birth to 18 months and the cumulative history of atopic disease was recorded. Blood samples were obtained at birth and at 18 months, and in a subgroup of 78 children also at 3, 6 and 12 months. Multicolour flow cytometry was used to analyse pan T–cells (CD3+CD45+CD14–), T–helper–(CD3+CD4+) and T–cytotoxic–(CD3+CD8+) cells.Results: At 18 months, 31 children were atopic and 118 non–atopic. Children who developed atopic disease had a higher CD4 expression (mean fluorescence intensity, MFI) on CD4+CD3+ lymphocytes at birth and at 3 months, particularly as compared with non–atopic children without AFH. Furthermore, the CD3 expression on CD3+CD45+CD14– lymphocytes increased more slowly with age in children with double atopic heredity, as compared with children with no or only one atopic family member.Conclusions: The higher expression of the CD4 receptor in early infancy in children who developed atopic disease compared with non–atopics suggests a delayed expression in T–helper cells. Children with a strong AFH had a slower increase in the expression of CD3, indicating a delayed T–cell maturation.
14.	Appelgren, Daniel, 1985-, et al. (författare) Regulatory B cells are reduced in the blood in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and fail to regulate T-cell IFN-γproduction 2023 Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 213:2, s. 190-201 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Regulatory B (Breg) cells can dampen inflammation, autoreactivity, and transplant rejection. We investigated the frequencies, phenotypes, and function of Breg cells in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) to gain further knowledge as to whether there are numerical alterations or limitations of their ability to regulate T-cell function. Frequencies and phenotypes of CD24hiCD27+ and CD24hiCD38hi B-cells in the blood were determined with flow cytometry in 37 GPA patients (22 in remission and 15 with active disease) and 31 healthy controls (HC). A co-culture model was used to study the capacity of Breg cells to regulate T-cell activation and proliferation in cells from 10 GPA patients in remission and 12 HC. T-cell cytokine production in vitro and levels in plasma were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Frequencies of CD24hiCD27+ B-cells were reduced both during active disease and remission compared with HC (P = 0.005 and P = 0.010, respectively), whereas CD24hiCD38hi B-cells did not differ. Patient CD24hiCD27+ B-cells exhibited decreased expression of CD25 but increased expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 during remission. B-cells from GPA patients regulated T-cell proliferation but failed to regulate interferon (IFN)-γproduction (median T-cells alone 222 ng/ml vs. T-cells + B-cells 207 ng/ml, P = 0.426). IFN-γwas also elevated in patient plasma samples (P = 0.016). In conclusion, GPA patients exhibit altered numbers and phenotypes of CD24hiCD27+ B-cells. This is accompanied by a disability to control T-cell production of Th1-type cytokines during remission, which might be of fundamental importance for the granulomatous inflammation that characterizes the chronic phase of this disease. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology.
15.	Backteman, K, et al. (författare) A rapid and reliable flow cytometric routine method for counting leucocytes in leucocyte-depleted platelet concentrates 2002 Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - : Wiley. - 0042-9007 .- 1423-0410. ; 83:1, s. 29-34 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background and Objectives: To ensure a proper quality control it is important to use a reliable method to count low numbers of leucocytes in leucocyte-reduced platelet concentrates (PCs). Materials and Methods: A modified flow cytometric method for counting low numbers of leucocytes, based on a reference population contained in tubes with an exact number of fluorescent beads and staining with propidium iodide was used. To increase the number of events, the original sample volume was increased. Results: There was a good correlation in the number of leucocytes (r = 0.99) between the modified flow cytometric method and microscopy of samples from unfiltered and expected numbers from serially diluted PCs. Samples from leucocyte-reduced PCs obtained by apheresis or filtered buffy coats showed no correlation between results from the modified flow cytometric method and microscopy (Nageotte). Conclusion: Counting by microscopy gave a lower number of leucocytes than the modified flow cytometric method when counting a low number of cells. However, analysis of the serially diluted PCs proved that the modified flow cytometric method was reliable and rapid, making it suitable for clinical routine use.
16.	Backteman, Karin, 1960-, et al. (författare) Biological and methodological variation of lymphocyte subsets in blood of human adults 2007 Ingår i: JIM - Journal of Immunological Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1759 .- 1872-7905. ; 322:1-2, s. 20-27 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Although lymphocyte populations are often monitored over time, information about the biological variation over time is limited. Three-colour-flow cytometry was used to investigate the biological and methodological variation of lymphocyte populations in blood. Fifteen healthy individuals (11 females and 4 males) were longitudinally monitored for 2-8 years. Blood samples were drawn monthly when possible. In total, 493 observations were included. Absolute counts and proportions were determined for T-cells (CD3+), T-helper cells (CD3+ CD4+), cytolytic T-cells (CD3+ CD8+), B-cells (CD3- CD19+) and NK-cells (CD3- CD16+/56+). As to variation over the year, ANOVA testing showed only a minor monthly variation for absolute counts of the CD8+ population (p < 0.05) for October compared with June and July, whereas no significant differences were found for the other populations or in the proportions of lymphocyte subsets. Although lower than the longitudinal variation, the methodological variation, expressed as coefficient of variation (CV %), was in a similar range as the variation over time, indicating that the normal biological variation should not be overestimated, while the methodological inter-assay should be taken into consideration in longitudinal studies or monitoring of patients. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
17.	Blomgran, Parmis, 1985-, et al. (författare) Cox-2 inhibition and the composition of inflammatory cell populations during early and mid-time tendon healing 2017 Ingår i: Muscles, ligaments and Tendons journal. - Rome, Italy : CIC Edizioni Internazionali. - 2240-4554. ; 7:2, s. 223-229 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: During early tendon healing, the cells within the regenerating tissue are, to a large part, inflammatory leukocytes (CD45+). In a rat Achilles tendon healing model, the inflammation resolves between 5 and 10 days. In the same model, Cox inhibitors (NSAIDs) impair healing when given during the first 5 days, but have a positive effect if given later. We tested the hypothesis that a Cox inhibitor would exert these effects by influencing inflammation, and thereby the composition of the inflammatory cell subpopulations.Methods: Achilles tendon transection was performed in 44 animals. Animals were randomized to either parecoxib or saline injections. Healing was evaluated by mechanical testing day 7 after surgery and by flow cytometry day 3 and 10.Results: Cross-sectional area, peak force and stiffness were reduced by parecoxib 31, 33, and 25% respectively (p=0.005, p=0.002, and p=0.005). By flow cytometry, there was a strong effect of time (p<0.001) on virtually all inflammatory cell subpopulations (CD45, CD11b, CD68, CCR7, CD163, CD206, CD3, CD4), but no significant effect of parecoxib at any time point.Conclusion: The results suggest that the negative effects of Cox inhibitors on tendon healing might be exerted mainly via mechanisms not directly related to inflammatory cells.
18.	Blomgran, Parmis, 1985- (författare) Inflammation and tendon healing 2017 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Tendons heal through three different overlapping phases; the inflammatory, proliferative and remodeling phase. Many studies have investigated what factors influence healing of tendons. However, little was known about inflammation and the immune cells present during Achilles tendon healing by the time this thesis started. We developed a flow cytometry method for our rat model of tendon healing, which enabled us to study different leukocyte subpopulations during Achilles tendon healing.The general aim of this thesis was to understand more about inflammation and the immune cell populations present during tendon healing and how the immune cell composition changes during normal tendon healing. Moreover, we investigated how different factors that are known to influence tendon healing affected the composition of the immune cell population.First, we described the immune cells during the time course of tendon healing focusing on different subpopulations of macrophages and T cells. Then, we studied how these cells were influenced by reduced mechanical loading. Mechanical loading prolonged the presence of M1 macrophages and delayed the switch to regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages compared to reduced mechanical loading. Next, the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the leukocyte composition revealed that, even though NSAIDs influence the mechanical properties of healing tendon, this effect was not mediated via changes in the leukocyte sub-populations during early and mid-time tendon healing. Further, the effect of corticosteroids during the inflammatory and remodeling phases of tendon healing was an improved healing of tendons and a reduction of CD8a T cells when corticosteroid was administered after the inflammatory phase. Lastly, we investigated if impairment of tendon healing by NSAIDs was related to mechanotransduction or microdamage during mechanical loading and showed that NSAIDs impair tendon healing by reducing the response to microdamage.In conclusion, these studies show that inflammation plays an important role during Achilles tendon healing, and factors that influence healing can also alter the presence or polarization of immune cell populations.
19.	Boij, Roland, 1952- (författare) Aspects of inflammation, angiogenesis and coagulation in preeclampsia 2016 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Preeclampsia is a major challenge to obstetricians, due to its impact on maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality and the lack of preventive and treatment strategies. The overall aim of this thesis is to increase the knowledge of the pathogenesis of preeclampsia including the role of inflammation, angiogenesis and coagulation, both locally at the fetomaternal interface and in the maternal circulation. Uncompensated maternal endothelial inflammatory responses to factors from stressed trophoblasts seem to be a major contributor to the syndrome, together with an imbalance in angiogenesis and an activated coagulation system. An increasing amount of data indicates an involvement of the immune system with defect tolerance to the conceptus as an integral part of the pathogenesis, at least in early-onset preeclampsia (EOP).We showed that a single administration of human preeclampsia serum in pregnant IL-10−/− mice induced the full spectrum of preeclampsia-like symptoms including hypoxic injury in uteroplacental tissues and endotheliosis in maternal kidneys. Importantly, preeclampsia serum, as early as 12 to 14 weeks of gestation, disrupted cross talk between trophoblasts and endothelial cells in an in vitro model of endovascular activity (Tube formation test). These results indicate that preeclamptic sera can be used to better understand the pathophysiology and to predict the disorder. Preeclampsia has been associated with increased inflammation, aberrant angiogenesis and activated coagulation, but their correlation and relative contribution are unknown. We found that markers for all these mechanisms were independently associated with preeclampsia. Cytokines, chemokines, and complement factors seem all to be part of a Th1-associated inflammatory reaction in preeclampsia, more pronounced in EOP than in late-onset preeclampsia (LOP), in line with a more homogeneous pathogenesis in EOP as based on placental pathology. In women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), with an anticipated pathologic placentation, only differences in levels for sFlt-1 and PlGF were found in comparison with mothers without IUGR. Thus, sFlt-1 and PlGF seem to be indicators of placental pathology, while other biomarkers might also reflect maternal endothelial pathology. Chemokines, in contrast to cytokines, may prove to be useful markers in preeclampsia.A deficiency in regulatory T (Treg) cells causing reduced immune regulatory capacity has been proposed in preeclampsia. Utilizing recent advances in flow cytometry phenotyping, we found no major alterations in circulating Treg numbers in preeclamptic women compared with normal pregnant and non-pregnant women. However, preeclampsia was associated with increased fractions of CTLA-4+ and CCR4+ cells within Treg subpopulations, which is in line with a migratory defect of Treg cells, and potentially associated with a reduced number of suppressive Treg cells at the fetomaternal interface. As we found that corticosteroid treatment affected the results, it should be accounted for in studies of EOP. Chemokines are supposed to be part of the immune adaptation in pregnancy. We found a decreased expression of CCL18 (Th2/Tregassociated), in trophoblasts from preeclamptic compared to normal pregnant women, indicating a local regulatory defect in preeclampsia, in line with our finding of a possible migratory defect of circulating Treg cells. Due to increased expression of CCL20 (Th17) and CCL22 (Th2) in first trimester placenta and increased circulating levels of CXCL10 (Th1) and CCL20 (Th17) in third trimester preeclamptic women, we suggest that CCL20 and CCL22 may be important for implantation and early placentation while in third trimester of a preeclamptic pregnancy CXCL10 and CCL20 mainly mirror maternal increased endothelial inflammation and aberrant angiogenesis. In summary, we found that preeclampsia is associated with increased inflammation, aberrant angiogenesis and activated coagulation, caused by placental factors in maternal peripheral circulation, more pronounced in the early-onset form of preeclampsia. It also appears that there is a defective modulation of the immune system in preeclamptic pregnancies. The results provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and have given suggestions to predictive markers for preeclampsia in the future.
20.	Bruno, Valentina, 1986- (författare) Clinical and immunological aspects on recurrent pregnancy loss 2020 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Paper I. Effects of low molecular weight heparin on the polarization and cytokine profile of macrophages and T helper cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2018. In paper I low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in vitro effects on activation and polarization of central regulatory immune cells, such as Th cells and macrophages, were assessed, since LMWH has been widely used as an empiric treatment in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and its immunological effects are not fully known. Isolated blood monocytes and T helper (Th) cells under different activation and polarizing conditions were cultured without or with LMWH at different concentrations. LMWH exposure induced an activated phenotype of macrophages, with high expression of HLA-DR and CD206 assessed by flow cytometry, associated with increased secretion of Th17-associated CCL20, and decreased secretion of CCL2 (M2-associated) and CCL22 (Th2), as measured by multiplex bead array. In accordance, LMWH exposure to Th cells reduced the proportion of CD25highFoxp3+ regulatory Tcells, and intensified IFN-γ secretion. Collectively, a mainly pro-inflammatory effect was noted on two essential tolerance-promoting cells, suggesting that potential immunological effects of LMWH may be effective mainly at an earlier gestational age to provide an appropriate implantation process in women with recurrent miscarriage. Paper II. Low-molecular-weight-heparin increases Th1- and Th17-associated chemokine levels during pregnancy in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2019.In paper II we investigated whether LMWH could modulate immune responses in vivo during pregnancy of women with unexplained RPL. A Swedish open multi-centre randomized controlled trial included 45 women treated with tinzaparin and 42 untreated women. Longitudinally collected plasma samples were obtained at gestational weeks (gw) 6, 18, 28 and 34 and analyzed by multiplex bead technology for levels of 11 cytokines and chemokines, chosen to represent inflammation and T-helper subset-associated immunity. LMWH-treated and untreated women showed differences during pregnancy of the Th1-associated chemokines CXCL10 (p = 0.01), CXCL11 (p < 0.001) and the Th17- associated chemokine CCL20 (p = 0.04), while CCL2, CCL17, CCL22, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL12, CXCL13 and IL-6 did not differ. Significantly higher plasma levels of CXCL10 and CXCL11 in treated women were detected at gw 28 and 34, compared to the untreated ones. Thus, a potential proinflammatory effect, linked mainly to Th1 immunity, was shown, suggesting an unfavorable effect of LMWH treatment, since Th1 responsea are responsible for breaking the fetal-maternal immune tolerance. Paper III. First-trimester trophoblasts obtained by chorionic villus sampling maintain tolerogenic and proteomic features in successful pregnancies despite a history of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2020.In paper III we investigate the “local” immune changes in women with RPL, since they potentially could reveal important mechanisms in RPL. Supernatants from superfluous chorionic villus sampling material culture was used in an ex vivo model, to determinate the immune proteomics profile and to perform functional assays for M2 like macrophages and regulatory T cells polarization, assessed by flow cytometry technique. Chorionic villi, human fetally derived placental tissue, were shown to induce an M2 like-phenotype and an expansion of Treg cells in an ex vivo model, and these immunological properties were maintained despite a history of RPL. Accordingly, no differences in the inflammation proteomic profile were found in RPL, compared to controls. Trophoblasts in an ex vivo model thus maintain tolerogenic and proteomic profile features in successful pregnancies, despite a history of RPL.
21.	Edvardsson, Maria, 1972- (författare) Circulating levels and assessment of clinical laboratory analytes, in >80-year-old, apparently healthy, moderately healthy, and frail individuals 2019 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Blood samples are often used to investigate the possible presence of disease and to make treatment decisions. In the interpretation of the results, comparison either with previous values from the same individual or with a set of appropriate group-based reference intervals are used. Current reference intervals for common laboratory analytes are often based on measurements from apparently healthy persons aged 18–65 years. Age is accompanied by a general decline in organ functions and it is difficult to determine whether a change in levels of laboratory analytes in an elderly individual can be attributed to age alone, independent of environmental or disease processes. Frailty can be seen as a consequence of age-related multifactorial deterioration – physical, cognitive and sensory – resulting in vulnerability and lack of adaptability to internal stressors such as infection or new medication and/or external stressors such as fall at home. Consensus about the definition of “frail” and “frailty” is missing, both nationally and internationally, the question arises whether different definitions of “frailty” affect the interpretation of analytes when comparing different groups of elderly.The overarching aim of the thesis was to interpret and assess circulating levels of some clinical laboratory analytes in relation to conventional reference values in ≥80-year-old, “apparently healthy”, “moderately healthy”, and “frail” individuals. Data originated from other studies, in which blood samples were collected from individuals ≥80-year-old. Comparisons in Paper I of levels of some laboratory analytes, from 138 nursing home residents (NHRs), was made with blood from reference populations, both blood donor and the NORIP study. The results indicated differences for some immunological (complement factor 3 and 4, immunoglobulin G and M) and chemical analytes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), phosphate, albumin, sodium, creatinine and urea), but no differences in levels occurred for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). It was unclear whether the differences were due to differences in age between the elderly and the reference populations or whether the elderly individuals had chronic diseases and were on medication. In Paper II, 569 individuals elderly individuals ≥80 years old were classified as “healthy”, “moderately healthy”, and “frail”, based on diseases, medications and physical and cognitive abilities. Statistical differences between the groups were found for the investigated analytes; albumin, ALT, AST, creatinine and γ-GT. In Paper IV, individuals from Paper II (n=569) were divided into two groups and thereafter divided into “apparently healthy”, “moderately healthy”, and “frail”. One group was subdivided into “apparently healthy”, “moderately healthy” and “frail” based on physical and cognitive abilities and the other group was divided based on the frailty index (FI). There was no statistical difference found between “apparently healthy” and “moderately healthy" groups, regardless of classification model used. Among “frail” individuals, differences in levels occurred for three out of the five investigated analytes: ALT, creatinine and g-GT, with lower levels occurring when the FI classification model was used. No differences in levels occurred for albumin or AST in “frail” individuals, regardless of classification model used. The aim of Paper III was to study whether 1-year changes in complete blood count (CBC) (including haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), erythrocyte volume fraction (EVF), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet count (PLT)), C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 are associated with survival in elderly NHRs aged >80 years. Elevated levels of CRP and IL-8 during 1-year follow-up were associated with reduced length of survival in elderly NHRs. Based on the present thesis it is clear that there is need for reference intervals that consider both age and health status in elderly individuals. A reasonable conclusion when interpreting levels of analytes in elderly individuals with disease or frailty is that individual evaluation based on the individual’s previous levels, is recommended.
22.	Ekerfelt, Christina, 1957-, et al. (författare) A symptomatic Borrelia-seropositive individuals display the same incidence of Borrelia-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-secreting cells in blood as patients with clinical Borrelia infection. 1999 Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 115, s. 498-502 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
23.	Ekerfelt, Christina, 1957-, et al. (författare) Antibodies and T-cell reactivity to Borrelia burgdorferi in an asymptomatic population : A study of healthy blood donors in an Inland town district in the South-East of Sweden 2001 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 33:11, s. 806-808 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To address the issue of whether Borrelia infection can be asymptomatic, blood donors with no history of borreliosis (n = 408) were screened for antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi. Seropositive individuals (n = 17) were further investigated with respect to Borrelia-specific T-cell reactivity, using an interferon-? ELISPOT assay. Anti-Borrelia antibodies as well as Borrelia-specific T-cell responses were evident in 9 asymptomatic donors, strongly supporting a current or previous asymptomatic Borrelia infection.
24.	Ekerfelt, Christina, 1957-, et al. (författare) Detection of spontaneous and antigen-induced human interleukin-4 responses in vitro : Comparison of ELISPOT, a novel ELISA and real-time RT-PCR 2002 Ingår i: JIM - Journal of Immunological Methods. - 0022-1759 .- 1872-7905. ; 260:1-2, s. 55-67 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is an important T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) cytokine in man, driving Th2 polarisation and exerting the most antagonistic effects to the Th1 cytokine interferon-? (IFN-?). Nevertheless, few data on spontaneous and antigen-specific secretion of IL-4 in man are available, mainly due to difficulties in the detection of IL-4. In this study, we compared three assays that can detect antigen-induced IL-4 responses, ELISPOT, ELISA after blocking the IL-4 receptor during cell culture, and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Spontaneous, antigen- and allergen-induced responses were analysed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from three groups with different secretion patterns for IL-4: atopic individuals, nonatopic individuals and pregnant women. ELISPOT displayed the highest sensitivity and was the only assay that could detect spontaneous secretion of IL-4 in all analysed samples. The IL-4 receptor blocking ELISA was considered best for the detection of in vitro antigen- and allergen-induced responses, since the results obtained from the ELISPOT and real-time RT-PCR displayed lower specificity, possibly because of seemingly aberrant IL-4 responses in the group of pregnant women. The real-time RT-PCR for detection of IL-4 mRNA proved to be sensitive, but expression of IL-4 mRNA was not correlated with the secretion of IL-4.
25.	Ekerfelt, Christina, 1957-, et al. (författare) Lyme borreliosis in Sweden - Diagnostic performance of five commercial Borrelia serology kits using sera from well-defined patient groups 2004 Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 112:1, s. 74-78 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Five commercial Borrelia serology kits available in Sweden were evaluated and compared for their diagnostic performance in sera from clinically well-characterized patient groups. With the clinically defined groups as the gold standard, i.e. without knowledge of antibody status in serum and cerebrospinal fluid, the diagnostic performance of the kits was compared and important differences in diagnostic usefulness were found. The kits from Abbot and DAKO, that often predict clinically relevant Borrelia infection and do not detect antibodies in sera from patients without strong suspicion of Borrelia infection, were considered the most useful in the population studied. This kind of validation study is an important part of good laboratory practice and should be performed by laboratories serving patient populations with varying endemicity of Borrelia.
26.	Ekerfelt, Christina, 1957-, et al. (författare) Phenotypes indicating cytolytic properties of Borrelia-specific interferon-? secreting cells in chronic Lyme neuroborreliosis 2003 Ingår i: Journal of Neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-5728 .- 1872-8421. ; 145:1-2, s. 115-126 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The immuno-pathogenetic mechanisms underlying chronic Lyme neuroborreliosis are mainly unknown. Human Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) infection is associated with Bb-specific secretion of interferon-? (IFN-?), which may be important for the elimination of Bb, but this may also cause tissue injury. In order to increase the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms in chronic neuroborreliosis, we investigated which cell types that secrete IFN-?. Blood mononuclear cells from 13 patients with neuroborreliosis and/or acrodermatitis chronicum atrophicans were stimulated with Bb antigen and the phenotypes of the induced IFN-?-secreting cells were analyzed with three different approaches. Cells expressing CD8 or TCR?d, which both have cytolytic properties, were the main phenotypes of IFN-?-secreting cells, indicating that tissue injury in chronic neuroborreliosis may be mediated by cytotoxic cells.
27.	Ekerfelt, Christina, 1957-, et al. (författare) Th2-deviation of fetus-specific T cells 1999 Ingår i: Immunology today (Amsterdam. Regular ed.). - 0167-5699 .- 1355-8242. ; 20, s. 534-534 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
28.	Ekerfelt, Christina, 1957-, et al. (författare) Transfer of myelin-specific cells deviated in vitro towards IL-4 production ameliorates ongoing experimental allergic neuritis 2001 Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 123:1, s. 112-118 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A causal role of IL-4 (Th2) production for recovery in experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) was indicated by experiments where Th1-like autoreactive cell populations, taken from the induction phase of the disease, were deviated to extensive secretion of IL-4 in a selective fashion, by ex vivo stimulation with autoantigen in the presence of IL-4. The deviated cells were adoptively transferred to EAN rats at a time just prior to the onset of clinical signs. This treatment ameliorated EAN compared with sham treatment. This therapeutic approach, with generation of autoreactive IL-4-secreting cells ex vivo followed by subsequent adoptive transfer, may become a new selective treatment of organ-specific autoimmune diseases since, in contrast to previous attempts, it is done in a physiological and technically easy way.
29.	Elkarim, RA, et al. (författare) Induction of neutralizing autoantibodies to interferon-gamma in patients with polyneuropathy. 1999 Ingår i: Human Antibodies. - 1093-2607 .- 1875-869X. ; 9, s. 55-60 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
30.	Ernerudh, Jan, 1952-, et al. (författare) Effect of photopheresis on lymphocyte population in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes 2004 Ingår i: Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. - 1071-412X. ; 11:5, s. 856-861 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In recent years photopheresis has been claimed to be an effective form of immunomodulation. It has also been shown to have an effect on the disease process at the onset of type 1 diabetes. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study, we analyzed if the effect of photopheresis in children with newly diagnosed diabetes is related to changes in the balance of lymhocyte populations. We also analyzed if lymphocyte subsets were related to recent infection, mild or aggressive disease manifestations, heredity, or gender. Nineteen children received active treatment with photopheresis, while 21 children received sham pheresis (placebo group). No influence of a history of previous infection, heredity, or certain clinical parameters on lymphocyte subsets was found. At the onset of type 1 diabetes, girls showed a higher proportion and a larger number of T cells (CD3+) and T-helper cells (CD4+) and a higher proportion of naïve CD4 +CD45RA+ cells. In the placebo group, an increase in the number of subsets with the activated phenotype in both the CD4 (CD29 +) and the CD8 (CD11a+) compartments was noted during the course of the study. These changes did not occur in the photopheresis group. No relation between lymphocyte subsets and clinical outcome was found 1 year after the treatment with photopheresis. In conclusion, we found no major effect of photopheresis on lymphocyte populations in a group of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. However, in the placebo group the proportions of activated CD4 and CD8 cells increased over time. Since these changes did not occur in the actively treated group, our findings suggest that photopheresis may have some suppressive effects.
31.	Ernerudh, Jan, 1952-, et al. (författare) The use of cell products for treatment of autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases 2002 Ingår i: Current Medicinal Chemistry. - 0929-8673 .- 1875-533X. ; 9:16, s. 1497-1505 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Cell products are live cells that are given to patients in order to replace or modify the function of missing or dysfunctional cells. Progress in technology and in the understanding of pathobiology may lead to the use of cell products in many areas. This review outlines the use of cell products in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, with focus on neuroinflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis. Treatment of autoimmune diseases should be selective and specific in order to avoid serious side effects. To achieve this, T lymphocyte regulation has been in focus for several immunomodulatory regimens. One area of great interest is the use of T cell vaccination, when autologous attenuated auto-reactive T cells are given to patients in order to initiate a specific immune response to the pathogenic T cell populations. Phopheresis may be an immunomudulatory treatment related to T cell vaccination. Another promising area involves ex-vivo alteration of the cytokine profile of harmful auto-reactive T cells. This can be achieved by genetic manipulation or by certain cytokine stimulations. A subsequent adoptive cell transfer will, by homing mechanisms, lead to at site specific delivery of the cells, which will have a local down-regulatory effect on the inflammatory process. Although unsolved questions regarding doses, timing, optimal preparing conditions and mechanisms still remain, both T cell vaccination and adoptive transfer of ex-vivo manipulated cytokine secreting cells have proven successful for treatment of neuroinflammation in experimental models. T cell vaccination was shown to be feasible in patients with multiple sclerosis, however, otherwise the experience in humans so far is limited.
32.	Faresjö, Maria, 1971-, et al. (författare) Cytokine profile in children during the first 3 months after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes 2004 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 59:5, s. 517-526 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with an inflammatory process directed against the β cells in pancreas. This investigation aimed at studying the immune response during the first 3 months after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, with focus on the balance of T-helper 1 (Th1)- and Th2-like cytokines, produced spontaneously and in response to relevant autoantigens. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from type 1 diabetic children (10-17 years) at 5, 20, 35 and 90 days after diagnosis. Expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA were detected by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-13 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cell supernatant after stimulation with a glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)-peptide [amino acid (a.a.) 247-279], insulin, the ABBOS-peptide (a.a. 152-169), phytohaemagglutinin and keyhole limpet haemocyanin. Spontaneous and antigen-induced expression and secretion of cytokines were low at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. During the first month, after diagnosis, the GAD 65-peptide caused an increased ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 mRNA expression (P < 0.05) and increased secretion of IFN-γ (P = 0.07). Expression of IFN-γ mRNA did also increase from stimulation with insulin (P < 0.05), even though cytokine secretion remained low. Thus, duration after diagnosis as well as metabolic state should be carefully considered both in studies of the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and in immune intervention studies at onset.
33.	Faresjö, Maria, 1971-, et al. (författare) The immunological effect of photopheresis in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes 2005 Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 58:3, s. 459-466 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Photopheresis has been claimed to have immune-modulating effects, but the mechanisms of action are unknown. This study investigated the immune effect of photopheresis in children with type 1 diabetes, with a focus on the balance of Th1- and Th2-like cytokines. Ten children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (10-17 y) were treated with five double treatments of photopheresis and 10 children matched for disease, age, and gender were given placebo tablets and sham pheresis. Expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 mRNA was determined by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and secretion of IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-13 in cell-culture supernatants by ELISA after stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) (a.a. 247-279), the ABBOS peptide (a.a. 152-169), insulin, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Photopheresis changed antigen-stimulated immune balance in line with a Th2-like shift. Thus, the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 mRNA expression after in vitro stimulation with a peptide of the autoantigen GAD 65 was reduced after treatment in the photopheresis group. The IFN-γ/IL-4 mRNA expression ratio after in vitro stimulation with insulin was also lower in children treated with photopheresis compared with the placebo group. Photopheresis has an immune-modulating effect in children with type 1 diabetes, causing a Th2-like deviation. Copyright © 2005 International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.
34.	Forsberg, Anna, 1985- (författare) Immunomodulatory effects of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in allergy prevention studies 2017 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The incidence of allergic diseases is increasing, possibly due to a reduced intensity and diversity of microbial stimulation. More knowledge is needed on the immunological mechanisms underlying the eczema preventive effect of pre- and postnatal probiotic supplementation. The pregnancy period seems to be of essential importance, since both epidemiological and experimental animal studies show the importance of microbial exposure during gestation on allergy prevention.We have performed a study where the probiotic lactic acid producing bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri was supplemented to pregnant women, at risk of having an allergic infant. The pregnant mothers received the study product from gestational week 36 until delivery, and the infants then continued with the same product until one year of age. The probiotic, as compared with placebo, supplemented infants had less IgE-associated eczema at two years of age.In order to investigate how the supplementation affected the immune system peripheral blood was collected and immune cells were stimulated with common allergens and TLR ligands. The probiotic treated group responded with a more regulated response to allergens and TLR2 ligands in comparison to the placebo supplemented group. We also investigated how the probiotic supplementation affected the epigenetic methylation pattern in circulating T helper cells during infancy, observing the most pronounced effects at birth.In a follow up study, supplementation was started earlier to possibly gain a stronger allergy preventive effect via changes in maternal immune regulation. Supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri and ω-3 fatty acids started at gestational week 20 and throughout pregnancy. After 20 weeks of supplementation, some immunomodulatory effects among circulating activated regulatory T cells and a subpopulation of monocytes were noted. Several systemic immune modifying effects of pregnancy were observed.In summary, probiotics show several immunomodulatory effects in infants and pregnant women. However, more research is needed to better understand the effects of the probiotic supplementation to aid future identification of more efficacious allergy preventive strategies.
35.	Garvin, Peter, 1976-, et al. (författare) Levels of circulating matrix metallo proteinase-9 is associated to psychosocial factors and lifestyle 2006 Ingår i: XIV International Symposium on Atherosclerosis,2006. Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
36.	Gati, Istvan, 1954-, et al. (författare) Effects of inhibitors of the arachidonic acid cascade on primary muscle culture from a Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient 2007 Ingår i: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0952-3278 .- 1532-2823. ; 77:3-4, s. 217-223 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of action for potential targets of therapeutic intervention related to the arachidonic acid cascade in muscular dystrophy. Primary cultures from a Duchenne patient were used to study the expression of dystrophin-1, utrophin, desmin, neonatal myosin heavy chain (MHCn) and Bcl-2 during inhibition of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX). Hypo-osmotic treatment was applied in order to trigger Ca2+ influx and PLA2 activity. Inhibition of PLA2 and LOX with prednisolone and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) caused a semi-quantitative increase of utrophin and Bcl-2-, and a dose-dependent, quantitative increase of desmin expression, an effect that was augmented by hypo-osmotic treatment. Our results indicate that LOX inhibitors, similarly to corticosteroids, can be beneficial in the treatment of muscular dystrophies. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
37.	Good, Elin, 1983-, et al. (författare) Changes in natural killer and T lymphocyte phenotypes in response to cardiovascular risk management 2023 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The pro-inflammatory and regulatory roles of T lymphocytes in atherosclerosis are well established but less is known about natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer T (NKT)-like cells. The effects of cardiovascular risk management on the phenotypes of these cells are unknown. To assess changes in NK cell and lymphocyte phenotypes and circulating inflammatory proteins in response to cardiovascular risk management in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Fifty patients were included in a prospective clinical study. Measurements were at baseline and after 12 months of cardiovascular risk management. Circulating NK, NKT-like and T lymphocyte subpopulations were phenotyped by multi-colour flow cytometry. Proximity extension assay was performed for 176 plasma proteins associated with inflammation and cardiovascular disease. At 12 months there were significant reductions in LDL (P=0.001) and blood pressure (P=0.028). NK cells responded with a reduction in pro-inflammatory (NKG2C(+)) cells (P=0.0003), an increase in anti-inflammatory (NKG2A(+)) cells (P=0.032), and a reduction in terminally differentiated (CD57(+)) NK cells. NKT-like cells showed a similar decrease in terminally differentiated subpopulations (P=0.000002). Subpopulations of T helper cells exhibited a significant reduction in central memory (P=1.09x10(-8)) and a significant increase in CD4(+) naive- (P=0.0008) and effector memory T cells (P=0.006). The protein analysis indicated that cardiovascular risk management affects proteins involved in the inflammatory NF-kappa B pathway. The consistent decrease in senescent phenotypes of NK, NKT-like and CD4(+) cells with a concomitant increase in more naive, phenotypes suggests a change towards a less pro-inflammatory lymphocyte profile in response to cardiovascular risk management.Trial registry name: CARotid MRI of Atherosclerosis (CARMA). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04835571 (08/04/2021). https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04835571.
38.	Gredmark, Sara, et al. (författare) Active cytomegalovirus replication in patients with coronary disease 2007 Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 41:4, s. 230-234 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives. To study the prevalence of active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in patients with stable and unstable conditions of coronary artery disease (CAD). Design. Forty patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 50 patients with stable angina and angiographically verified CAD (SA) and 50 clinically healthy controls were included. Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood and CMV-RNA expression was determined by a nested RT-PCR assay. CMV IgM and IgG antibodies, interleukin-(IL)-6, IL-10 and CRP were measured in serum. Results. The prevalence of active CMV infection was significantly higher in patients with ACS (15%) and in patients with SA (10%) compared with controls (2%) (p < 0.001). The presence of an active CMV infection was associated with increased serum concentrations of IL-6. Conclusions. Active CMV infection was found to a larger extent in CAD patients than in healthy controls. The data indicate that CAD patients are more susceptible to reactivation of CMV and put new focus on the role of CMV in atherosclerosis.
39.	Gustafsson, Mika, 1977-, et al. (författare) Data for: Proteomics reveal biomarkers for diagnosis, disease activity and long-term disability outcomes in multiple sclerosis 2023 Annan publikationabstract Protein levels were measured in cerebrospinal fluid samples (CSF; n = 186) and plasma samples (n = 165) from persons with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls. CSF samples and plasma samples were taken from 92 persons with CIS or RRMS at Linköping University Hospital, Sweden and 51 persons with CIS or RRMS at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Everyone fulfilled the revised McDonald criteria from 2010 and 2017 for CIS or Multiple sclerosis (MS). Age-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited from healthy blood donors (23 at the Linköping University hospital and 20 at the Karolinska University Hospital). The concentration of 1463 proteins were measured using the Olink Explore platform which uses Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) technology. The proteins were preselected from four Olink panels: Explore 384 Cardiometabolic, Explore 384 Inflammation, Explore 384 Neurology, and Explore 384 Oncology. The protein concentrations are given as Olink’s relative protein quantification unit on log2 scale: Normalized Protein Expression (NPX). The NPX values were intensity normalized by Olink.
40.	Gyllemark, Paula, 1975- (författare) Tick-borne diseases and the central nervous system : clinical and immunological aspects 2023 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is the dominating form of disseminated infection by the tick-borne bacteria Borrelia (B.) burgdorferi in Sweden as well as in Europe. The diagnosis of the manifestation is based on typical symptoms, together with elevated mononuclear cell count in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and elevated levels of Borrelia-specific antibodies in the CSF. The diagnostic arsenal has, in recent years, been complemented by analysis of the chemokine CXCL13 in the CSF, with increasing levels in the early phase of the disease, even before antibodies can be detected in the CSF. Most patients recover within a couple of months after antibiotic treatment, but a few can suffer from residual symptoms. The mechanisms behind this are still puzzling, but there are indications that the host´s immune response may play a role. Prognostic markers would be desirable and in-creased understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms may provide a basis for development of new treatment strategies. Other agents besides B. burgdorferi have, however, also been detected in ticks collected in Sweden, but the knowledge of their impact on human health and their ability to invade the central nervous system (CNS) is limited. The aims of this thesis were to investigate a set of cytokines and chemokines associated with Th1 (CXCL10), Th2 (CCL22), Th17 (IL-17A, CXCL1, CCL20) and B cell (APRIL, BAFF, CXCL13) -related im-munity and its association with recovery in patients with LNB included both retrospectively and prospectively. The chemokine CXCL13 was further analysed, comparing the performance of two different diagnostic methods. In a large cohort of patients investigated for LNB we investigated signs of other tick-borne diseases by analysing serum and CSF using both molecular and serological techniques. In the retrospective cytokine/chemokine study, all investigated cytokines and chemokines; namely, APRIL, BAFF, CXCL13, IL-17A, CXCL1, and CCL20 could be detected at elevated levels in patients with LNB compared to controls. Patients with recovery > 3 months had higher levels of APRIL, BAFF, and IL-17A. In the prospective study, patients with short recovery (< 1 month) had lower levels of CCL20 and patients with prolonged recovery (> 6 months) had higher levels of IL-17A. The analysis of the chemokine CXCL13 with both an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a best-performanced cut-off of 56 pg/mL and bead-based (Luminex) method with a best-performance cut-off of 158 pg/mL (both assays with 100% sensitivity and specificity) displayed the im-portance of different cut-offs depending on which method that is used.In 600 patients, we analysed serum and CSF with PCR for the different tick-borne agents Ana-plasma phagocytophilum, B. burgdorfer spp. (including B. miyamotoi), Neoehrlichia (N.) mikurensis, Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp. and tick-borne encephalitis virus. N. mikurensis and B. burgdorferi could be detected by PCR in sera from two patients. Neither PCR, nor serological analysis could detect any potential co-infections.In conclusion, we can corroborate the Th17-related immunity in the pathogenesis of LNB where IL-17A and CCL20 are plausible prognostic markers. Other tick-borne pathogens with possible dissemination to the CNS seems to be uncommon in south-eastern Sweden.
41.	Hallin, Elisabeth, 1980-, et al. (författare) In vitro Th2 deviation of myelin-specific peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis 2006 Ingår i: Journal of Neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-5728 .- 1872-8421. ; 171:1-2, s. 156-162 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study aimed at investigating if selective ex vivo immune deviation of myelin-specific cytokine secretion towards Th2 is possible in blood cells from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Interleukin (IL)-4 (Th2) and interferon-γ (Th1) secreting cells were recorded by ELISPOT in 13 MS patients. Deviation was successful in 10 patients. Interleukin-4 alone was most effective in inducing myelin-specific immune deviation in MS patients whereas IL-1 or IL-15 in combination with IL-4 did not improve the results. Further studies and improvements are needed before ex vivo immune deviation can be considered a potential treatment in patients with MS. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
42.	Hamrin, Elisabeth, 1931-, et al. (författare) Immunological and Quality-of-Life Profiles in Women with Breast Cancer : Complementary versus Conventional Care 2018 Ingår i: Complementary Medicine Research. - : S. Karger. - 2504-2092 .- 2504-2106. ; 25, s. 391-397 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Previous studies showed that women with breast cancer treated in anthroposophic clinic versus conventional care had increased quality of life (QoL) parameters, fighting spirit, and anxiety coping. We have now analyzed immune and QoL factors in these 2 groups for possible differences during the first 6 months after admission, prompted by anthroposophic studies, including mistletoe extracts, showing beneficial immune system effects.Patients and Methods: Fourteen immunological variables, including leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, activated T cells (CD4+ and CD8+), NK cells, B cells, IL1β, IL6, IL10, and oxytocin, were longitudinally analyzed in both groups (n = 2 × 26). A panel of QoL parameters were analyzed using 3 different instruments. Statistical evaluation included that each patient was its own control.Results: Cytotoxic CD8+ T cell frequency (percent of lymphocytes analyzed by flow-cytometry) significantly decreased over time in the anthroposophic group versus the conventional group (repeated measures ANOVA, p = 0.05). No major differences were observed in other immunological parameters, whereas QoL variables, anxiety decreased and physical symptoms increased/improved significantly in the anthroposophic group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.05, respectively).Conclusion: Overall, women with breast cancer in anthroposophic or conventional therapy did not differ in their immune profiles over time, with exception of decreased cytotoxic T cells in the anthroposophic group. Improvement in physical symptoms along with less anxiety in this group may have influenced the brain-immune axis resulting in lower frequency of CD8+ T cells, a feature associated with less aggressive cancer stages. To evaluate whether this observation is associated with good or bad prognosis, further detailed analyses of memory and naïve CD8+ T cells at tumor site and in blood circulation are essential.
43.	Huoman, Johanna, et al. (författare) Combined prenatal Lactobacillus reuteri and omega-3 supplementation synergistically modulates DNA methylation in neonatal T helper cells 2021 Ingår i: Clinical Epigenetics. - : BMC. - 1868-7083 .- 1868-7075. ; 13:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundEnvironmental exposures may alter DNA methylation patterns of T helper cells. As T helper cells are instrumental for allergy development, changes in methylation patterns may constitute a mechanism of action for allergy preventive interventions. While epigenetic effects of separate perinatal probiotic or omega -3 fatty acid supplementation have been studied previously, the combined treatment has not been assessed. We aimed to investigate epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns from a sub-group of children in an on-going randomised double-blind placebo-controlled allergy prevention trial using pre- and postnatal combined Lactobacillus reuteri and omega -3 fatty acid treatment. To this end,>866000 CpG sites (MethylationEPIC 850K array) in cord blood CD4+ T cells were examined in samples from all four study arms (double-treatment: n=18, single treatments: probiotics n=16, omega -3 n=15, and double placebo: n=14). Statistical and bioinformatic analyses identified treatment-associated differentially methylated CpGs and genes, which were used to identify putatively treatment-induced network modules. Pathway analyses inferred biological relevance, and comparisons were made to an independent allergy data set.ResultsComparing the active treatments to the double placebo group, most differentially methylated CpGs and genes were hypermethylated, possibly suggesting induction of transcriptional inhibition. The double-treated group showed the largest number of differentially methylated CpGs, of which many were unique, suggesting synergy between interventions. Clusters within the double-treated network module consisted of immune-related pathways, including T cell receptor signalling, and antigen processing and presentation, with similar pathways revealed for the single-treatment modules. CpGs derived from differential methylation and network module analyses were enriched in an independent allergy data set, particularly in the double-treatment group, proposing treatment-induced DNA methylation changes as relevant for allergy development.ConclusionPrenatal L. reuteri and/or omega -3 fatty acid treatment results in hypermethylation and affects immune- and allergy-related pathways in neonatal T helper cells, with potentially synergistic effects between the interventions and relevance for allergic disease. Further studies need to address these findings on a transcriptional level, and whether the results associate to allergy development in the children. Understanding the role of DNA methylation in regulating effects of perinatal probiotic and omega -3 interventions may provide essential knowledge in the development of efficacious allergy preventive strategies.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ClinicalTrials.gov-ID: NCT01542970. Registered 27th of February 2012-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01542970.
44.	Håkansson, Irene, 1976-, et al. (författare) Complement activation in cerebrospinal fluid in clinically isolated syndrome and early stages of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier. - 0165-5728 .- 1872-8421. ; 340 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To assess if markers of complement activation are associated with disease activity, C1q, C3, C3a and sC5b-9 levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were determined in 41 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), in a prospective longitudinal four-year cohort study. C1q in CSF (CSF-C1q) was significantly higher in patients than in controls. Baseline CSF-C1q and CSF-C3a correlated with several neuroinflammatory markers and neurofilament light chain levels. Baseline CSF-C3a correlated with the number of T2 lesions at baseline and new T2 lesions during follow-up. Baseline CSF-C3a was also significantly higher in patients with (n = 21) than in patients without (n = 20) signs of disease activity according to the NEDA-3 concept during one year of follow-up (p ≤ .01) Study results support that complement activation is involved in MS pathophysiology and that CSF-C3a carries prognostic information.
45.	Jablonowska, Barbara, 1948-, et al. (författare) Blocking antibodies in blood from patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion in relation to pregnancy outcome and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment 2001 Ingår i: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1046-7408 .- 1600-0897 .- 8755-8920. ; 45:4, s. 226-231 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PROBLEM: To study whether the occurrence of mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) blocking antibodies is associated with pregnancy outcome in women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and the in vivo effect of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment on MLC blocking effect.METHOD OF STUDY: Blood samples from 41 RSA patients were obtained before and after pregnancy, and blocking antibodies were estimated by one-way MLC assay. The patients received IVIG or placebo (saline) during pregnancy. Additionally, pre-pregnancy blood samples from 31 RSA women and 10 controls were obtained.RESULTS: We found no correlation between blocking antibodies before pregnancy and the pregnancy outcome. The occurrence of blocking antibodies was not affected by pregnancy or IVIG treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Blocking antibodies have no predictive value for the pregnancy outcome in RSA patients, and their production seems not to be affected by IVIG.
46.	Jablonowska, Barbara, 1948-, et al. (författare) Prevention of recurrent spontaneous abortion by intravenous immunoglobulin : a double-blind placebo-controlled study 1999 Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 14:3, s. 838-841 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the prevention of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 41 women with a history of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion were treated with IVIG or saline infusions during pregnancy. The birth of a child was considered a successful outcome. The overall success rate was 77% in the IVIG group compared with 79% in the placebo group. For women with primary RSA the success rates were 82 (IVIG) and 89% (placebo), and for women with secondary RSA the rates were 73 (IVIG) and 70% (placebo). We found no statistically significant difference in treatment results between IVIG and placebo.
47.	Jablonowska, Barbara, 1948-, et al. (författare) T and B lymphocyte subsets in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion : IVIG versus placebo treatment 2002 Ingår i: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1046-7408 .- 1600-0897. ; 48:5, s. 312-318 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Jablonowska B, Palfi M, Matthiesen L, Selbing A, Kjellberg S, Ernerudh J. T and B Lymphocyte subsets in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion: IVIG versus placebo treatment. AJRI 2002; 48:312–318 © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002PROBLEM: To investigate circulating lymphocyte subsets in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in relation to pregnancy outcome and to treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).METHOD OF STUDY: Forty-one women with a history of unexplained RSA were examined during first trimester of pregnancy before IVIG or placebo treatment and after pregnancy. The results were compared with five healthy, non-pregnant women and five women in the first trimester of normal pregnancy. Circulating lymphocyte subsets with focus on T-cell subpopulations were determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS: The proportions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR positive T cells (CD3+ HLA-DR+), T-killer/effector cells (CD8+ S6F1+) and B cells (CD19+) were increased, whereas the proportion of T-suppressor/inducer cells (CD4+ CD45RA+) was decreased during first trimester pregnancy of RSA women compared with pregnant normal controls. T and B lymphocyte subsets did not correlate with pregnancy outcome on either IVIG or placebo group.CONCLUSIONS: In RSA patients, the immune system seems to be activated in contrast to the suppression noted in normal pregnancy.
48.	Jansson, A., et al. (författare) Elispot assay detection of cytokine secretion in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-β1a or glatiramer acetate compared with untreated patients 2003 Ingår i: Multiple Sclerosis Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 1352-4585 .- 1477-0970. ; 9:5, s. 440-445 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of interferon-β1a (IFN-β1a) and glatiramer acetate (GA) in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) are still uncertain. Altered cytokine patterns have been suggested including inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines like interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and enhancement of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4). Twenty-nine patients with MS (10 untreated, nine treated with IFN-β1a and 10 with GA) were investigated with elispot of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Spontaneous and myelin induced (myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-14-39 and MOG 63-87) IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 secretion was studied. We found a significant reduction of spontaneous IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-5, but no difference in IL-10 secreting cells in both groups of treated patients compared with the untreated patients. Myelin-specific responses showed a significant decrease of IFN-γ and an increase of IL-5, but no change in IL-4 and IL-10 secreting cells in treated compared with untreated patients. Both treatment groups revealed similar cytokine secretion patterns except for a more pronounced decrease of both spontaneous and MOG 14-39 induced IL-4 secretion in the IFN-β1a treated group. Thus, immunological effects of IFN-β1a and GA were similar showing that disease promoting Th1 (IFN-γ) cells were reduced while the potentially beneficial Th2 response (IL-4) was maintained.
49.	Jonasson, Lena, 1956-, et al. (författare) Loss of natural killer cell activity in patients with coronary artery disease 2005 Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 183:2, s. 316-321 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background:: Natural killer (NK) cells are important components of the innate immune system and have a potential role in the regulation of autoimmunity. In the present study, we evaluated the NK cells in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and related the findings to clinical and laboratory parameters of the disease. Methods and results:: We studied 45 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 50 patients with stable angina and angiographically verified CAD (SA) and 50 healthy controls. The distribution of NK cell subsets was determined by flow cytometry and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was quantified ex vivo. Both ACS and SA patients had significantly reduced numbers of CD56dim NK cells compared with controls. The patients also exhibited a significant decrease in NK cell activity. The loss in NK cell function was not related to inflammatory activity or metabolic status. Conclusion:: Both stable and unstable conditions of CAD were associated with a redistribution of circulating lymphocytes, comprising a significant reduction of CD56dim NK cells and a concomitant loss of NK cell function. The findings suggest the presence of a persistent immune aberration in CAD patients independent of their clinical setting or systemic inflammatory state. © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
50.	Jonasson, Lena, 1956-, et al. (författare) Natural killer cells in coronary artery disease 2004 Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 4, s. 312-312 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)

Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka

Länka till träfflistan

Resultat 1-50 av 80

Avgränsa träffmängd

Typ av publikation: tidskriftsartikel (63); doktorsavhandling (11); konferensbidrag (4); annan publikation (1); bokkapitel (1)

Typ av innehåll: refereegranskat (64); övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (15)

Författare/redaktör: Ernerudh, Jan, 1952- (71); Ekerfelt, Christina, ... (19); Vrethem, Magnus, 195 ... (9); Berg, Göran, 1946- (8); Forsberg, Pia, 1949- (7); Jonasson, Lena, 1956 ... (7); visa fler...; Jenmalm, Maria, 1971 ... (6); Berlin, Gösta, 1944- (6); Ernerudh, Jan, Profe ... (6); Skogh, Thomas, 1952- (5); Jenmalm, Maria, Prof ... (4); Ludvigsson, Johnny, ... (4); Eriksson, Per, 1958- (4); Johansson, Boo (4); Kristenson, Margaret ... (4); Jablonowska, Barbara ... (4); Palfi, Miodrag, 1954 ... (4); Aspenberg, Per, 1949 ... (3); Olsson, Tomas (3); Dahle, Charlotte, 19 ... (3); Nilsson, Bengt-Olof (3); Selbing, Anders, 194 ... (3); Wikby, Anders (3); Leanderson, Per, 195 ... (3); Gustafsson, Mika, 19 ... (3); Kvarnström, Maria, 1 ... (3); Raffetseder, Johanna ... (3); Kjellberg, Svante, 1 ... (3); Rosén, Anders, 1948- (2); Sharma, Surendra (2); Nilsson Ekdahl, Kris ... (2); Khademi, Mohsen (2); Löfgren, Sture (2); Nilsson, Joakim (2); Bergström, S (2); Backteman, Karin, 19 ... (2); Mellergård, Johan, 1 ... (2); Strindhall, Jan (2); Blomgran, Parmis, 19 ... (2); Faresjö, Maria, 1971 ... (2); Samuelsson, Ulf, 195 ... (2); Nilsson, Lennart, 19 ... (2); Bruno, Valentina, 19 ... (2); Wikby, A (2); Mjösberg, Jenny, 198 ... (2); Roberg, Magnus, 1954 ... (2); Andersson, Carina, 1 ... (2); Hellberg, Sandra, 19 ... (2); Vrethem, Magnus, Pro ... (2); Håkansson, Irene, 19 ... (2); visa färre...

Lärosäte: Linköpings universitet (79); Karolinska Institutet (5); Göteborgs universitet (3); Uppsala universitet (3); Jönköping University (3); Lunds universitet (2); visa fler...; Linnéuniversitetet (2); Umeå universitet (1); Högskolan i Skövde (1); visa färre...

Språk: Engelska (80)

Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB): Medicin och hälsovetenskap (25); Naturvetenskap (4); Samhällsvetenskap (2)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

LIBRIS.kb.se

Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy