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- Bonebrake, Timothy C., et al.
(författare)
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Managing consequences of climate-driven species redistribution requires integration of ecology, conservation and social science
- 2018
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Ingår i: Biological Reviews. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1464-7931 .- 1469-185X. ; 93:1, s. 284-305
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change is driving a pervasive global redistribution of the planet's species. Species redistribution poses new questions for the study of ecosystems, conservation science and human societies that require a coordinated and integrated approach. Here we review recent progress, key gaps and strategic directions in this nascent research area, emphasising emerging themes in species redistribution biology, the importance of understanding underlying drivers and the need to anticipate novel outcomes of changes in species ranges. We highlight that species redistribution has manifest implications across multiple temporal and spatial scales and from genes to ecosystems. Understanding range shifts from ecological, physiological, genetic and biogeographical perspectives is essential for informing changing paradigms in conservation science and for designing conservation strategies that incorporate changing population connectivity and advance adaptation to climate change. Species redistributions present challenges for human well-being, environmental management and sustainable development. By synthesising recent approaches, theories and tools, our review establishes an interdisciplinary foundation for the development of future research on species redistribution. Specifically, we demonstrate how ecological, conservation and social research on species redistribution can best be achieved by working across disciplinary boundaries to develop and implement solutions to climate change challenges. Future studies should therefore integrate existing and complementary scientific frameworks while incorporating social science and human-centred approaches. Finally, we emphasise that the best science will not be useful unless more scientists engage with managers, policy makers and the public to develop responsible and socially acceptable options for the global challenges arising from species redistributions.
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- Evengard, B., et al.
(författare)
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Healthy ecosystems for human and animal health : Science diplomacy for responsible development in the Arctic The Nordic Centre of Excellence, Clinf.org (Climate-change effects on the epidemiology of infectious diseases and the impacts on Northern societies)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 57
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate warming is occurring most rapidly in the Arctic, which is both a sentinel and a driver of further global change. Ecosystems and human societies are already affected by warming. Permafrost thaws and species are on the move, bringing pathogens and vectors to virgin areas. During a five-year project, the CLINF - a Nordic Center of Excellence, funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers, has worked with the One Health concept, integrating environmental data with human and animal disease data in predictive models and creating maps of dynamic processes affecting the spread of infectious diseases. It is shown that tularemia outbreaks can be predicted even at a regional level with a manageable level of uncertainty. To decrease uncertainty, rapid development of new and harmonised technologies and databases is needed from currently highly heterogeneous data sources. A major source of uncertainty for the future of contaminants and infectious diseases in the Arctic, however, is associated with which paths the majority of the globe chooses to follow in the future. Diplomacy is one of the most powerful tools Arctic nations have to influence these choices of other nations, supported by Arctic science and One Health approaches that recognise the interconnection between people, animals, plants and their shared environment at the local, regional, national and global levels as essential for achieving a sustainable development for both the Arctic and the globe.
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- Evengard, B, et al.
(författare)
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: Reply
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of internal medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 247:6, s. 739-739
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Hannestad, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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ß-Alanine and ?-aminobutyric acid in chronic fatigue syndrome
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 376:1-2, s. 23-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Due to the occurrence of sleep disturbances and fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), an investigation was performed to examine if there is an abnormal excretion of ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and/or its structural analogue ß-alanine in the urine from CFS patients. Both GABA and ß-alanine are inhibitory neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system. Methods: The 24 h urine excretion of GABA and ß-alanine was determined by isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry in 33 CFS patients and 43 healthy controls. The degree of symptoms in both patients and controls was measured by grading of three typical CFS symptoms using a Visual Analogue Scale. Results: Men had a significantly higher excretion of both ß-alanine and GABA than women. Comparing CFS patients with healthy controls showed no significant difference in excretion of neither ß-alanine nor GABA. No correlation was found between the excretion of ß-alanine or GABA and any of the three characteristic CFS symptoms measured. However, two female and two male CFS patients excreted considerably higher amounts of ß-alanine in their 24 h urine samples than control subjects. Conclusions: Increased excretion of ß-alanine was found in a subgroup of CFS patients, indicating that there may be a link between CFS and ß-alanine in some CFS patients. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Ojaniemi, H, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of RNA extraction from limited samples on microarray results
- 2003
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Ingår i: BioTechniques. - : Future Science Ltd. - 0736-6205 .- 1940-9818. ; 35:5, s. 968-973
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To move microarray technology into the diagnostic realm, the impact of technical parameters, such as sample preparation and RNA extraction, needs to be understood and minimized. We evaluated the impact of two RNA extraction methods, DNase treatment and the amount of hybridized cDNA probe, on the outcome of microarray results. The results for both RNA extraction methods were comparable, although one method resulted in residual DNA that slightly affected the microarray results. As little as one microgram of total RNA could be used to synthesize a cDNA probe and resulted in a gene expression profile that was similar to one produced using 5 µg total RNA, even though the overall signal intensity was lower. These experiments illustrate that microarray technology holds great promise for the use of limited clinical samples in the diagnostic setting.
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