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Sökning: WFRF:(Fall Katja 1971 )

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1.
  • Kennedy, Beatrice, 1982-, et al. (författare)
  • App-based COVID-19 syndromic surveillance and prediction of hospital admissions in COVID Symptom Study Sweden
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The app-based COVID Symptom Study was launched in Sweden in April 2020 to contribute to real-time COVID-19 surveillance. We enrolled 143,531 study participants (≥18 years) who contributed 10.6 million daily symptom reports between April 29, 2020 and February 10, 2021. Here, we include data from 19,161 self-reported PCR tests to create a symptom-based model to estimate the individual probability of symptomatic COVID-19, with an AUC of 0.78 (95% CI 0.74-0.83) in an external dataset. These individual probabilities are employed to estimate daily regional COVID-19 prevalence, which are in turn used together with current hospital data to predict next week COVID-19 hospital admissions. We show that this hospital prediction model demonstrates a lower median absolute percentage error (MdAPE: 25.9%) across the five most populated regions in Sweden during the first pandemic wave than a model based on case notifications (MdAPE: 30.3%). During the second wave, the error rates are similar. When we apply the same model to an English dataset, not including local COVID-19 test data, we observe MdAPEs of 22.3% and 19.0% during the first and second pandemic waves, respectively, highlighting the transferability of the prediction model.
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  • Sundin, Per-Ola, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Hospital admission with pneumonia and subsequent persistent risk of chronic kidney disease : national cohort study
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Clinical Epidemiology. - : DOVE Medical Press Ltd.. - 1179-1349. ; 10, s. 971-979
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Although acute onset kidney complications associated with severe infections including pneumonia are well characterized, little is known about possible subsequent delayed risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).Patients and methods: Associations between hospital admission with pneumonia in adulthood and raised risks of subsequent CKD were evaluated in a cohort of all male residents in Sweden born from 1952 to 1956 (n=284,198) who attended mandatory military conscription examinations in late adolescence (n=264,951) and were followed up through 2009. CKD and pneumonia were identified using Swedish national registers, and their associations were evaluated using Cox regression. Excluding the first year, the subsequent period was divided into <= 5, > 5-<= 15, and > 15 years after hospital admission with pneumonia. Follow-up ended on the date of first incident diagnosis of kidney disease, death, emigration, or December 31, 2009, whichever occurred first.Results: During a median follow-up of 36.7 (interquartile range 35.3-37.9) years from late adolescence, 5,822 men had an inpatient pneumonia diagnosis without contemporaneous kidney disease. Among exposed men, 136 (2.3%) were later diagnosed with CKD compared with 2,749 (1.2%) of the unexposed. The adjusted hazard ratio for CKD in the first year after the first episode of pneumonia was 14.55 (95% confidence interval, 10.41-20.32), identifying early onset kidney complications and possibly pre-existing undiagnosed CKD. Starting follow-up 1 year after pneumonia to reduce the potential influence of surveillance bias and the risk of reverse causation, the adjusted hazard ratio for CKD in the first 5 years of follow-up was 5.20 (95% confidence interval, 3.91-6.93) and then attenuated with increasing time.Conclusion: Pneumonia among inpatients is associated with a persistently increased risk for subsequent CKD, with the highest risk during the years immediately after pneumonia. Health care professionals should be aware of this period of heightened risk to facilitate early diagnosis and secondary preventive interventions.
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  • Bergh, Cecilia, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Determinants in adolescence of stroke-related hospital stay duration in men : a national cohort study
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Stroke. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 47:9, s. 2416-2418
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and purpose: Physical and psychological characteristics in adolescence are associated with subsequent stroke risk. Our aim is to investigate their relevance to length of hospital stay and risk of second stroke.Methods: Swedish men born between 1952 and 1956 (n=237 879) were followed from 1987 to 2010 using information from population-based national registers. Stress resilience, body mass index, cognitive function, physical fitness, and blood pressure were measured at compulsory military conscription examinations in late adolescence. Joint Cox proportional hazards models estimated the associations of these characteristics with long compared with short duration of stroke-related hospital stay and with second stroke compared with first.Results: Some 3000 men were diagnosed with nonfatal stroke between ages 31 and 58 years. Low stress resilience, underweight, and higher systolic blood pressure (per 1-mm Hg increase) during adolescence were associated with longer hospital stay (compared with shorter) in ischemic stroke, with adjusted relative hazard ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) of 1.46 (1.08-1.89), 1.41 (1.04-1.91), and 1.01 (1.00-1.02), respectively. Elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressures during adolescence were associated with longer hospital stay in men with intracerebral hemorrhage: 1.01 (1.00-1.03) and 1.02 (1.00-1.04), respectively. Among both stroke types, obesity in adolescence conferred an increased risk of second stroke: 2.06 (1.21-3.45).Conclusions: Some characteristics relevant to length of stroke-related hospital stay and risk of second stroke are already present in adolescence. Early lifestyle influences are of importance not only to stroke risk by middle age but also to recurrence and use of healthcare resources among stroke survivors.
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  • Bergh, Cecilia, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Severe infections and subsequent delayed cardiovascular disease
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Sage Publications. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 24:18, s. 1958-1966
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Severe infections in adulthood are associated with subsequent short-term cardiovascular disease. Whether hospital admission for sepsis or pneumonia is associated with persistent increased risk (over a year after infection) is less well established.Design: The design of this study was as a register-based cohort study.Methods: Some 236,739 men born between 1952-1956 were followed from conscription assessments in adolescence to 2010. All-cause cardiovascular disease ( n = 46,754), including coronary heart disease ( n = 10,279) and stroke ( n = 3438), was identified through national registers 1970-2010 (at ages 18-58 years).Results: Sepsis or pneumonia in adulthood (resulting in hospital admission) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the years following infection. The risk is highest during the first year after the infection, with an adjusted hazard ratio (and 95% confidence intervals) of 6.33 (5.65-7.09) and a notably increased risk persisted with hazard ratios of 2.47 (2.04-3.00) for the second and 2.12 (1.71-2.62) for the third year after infection. The risk attenuated with time, but remained raised for at least five years after infection; 1.87 (1.47-2.38). The results are adjusted for characteristics in childhood, cardiovascular risk factors and medical history in adolescence. Similar statistically significant associations were found for coronary heart disease and stroke.Conclusions: Raised risks of cardiovascular disease following hospital admission for sepsis or pneumonia were increased for more than five years after the infection, but with the highest magnitude during the first three years following infection, suggesting a period of vulnerability when health professionals and patients should be aware of the heightened risk for cardiovascular disease.
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  • Bergh, Cecilia, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Stress resilience and physical fitness in adolescence and risk of coronary heart disease in middle age
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 101:8, s. 623-629
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial stress is a suggested risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). The relationship of stress resilience in adolescence with subsequent CHD risk is underinvestigated, so our objective was to assess this and investigate the possible mediating role of physical fitness.METHODS: In this register-based study, 237 980 men born between 1952 and 1956 were followed from 1987 to 2010 using information from Swedish registers. Stress resilience was measured at a compulsory military conscription examination using a semistructured interview with a psychologist. Some 10 581 diagnoses of CHD were identified. Cox regression estimated the association of stress resilience with CHD, with adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors.RESULTS: Low-stress resilience was associated with increased CHD risk. The association remained after adjustment for physical fitness and other potential confounding and mediating factors, with adjusted HRs (and 95% CIs) of 1.17 (1.10 to 1.25), with some evidence of mediation by physical fitness. CHD incidence rates per 1000 person-years (and 95% CIs) for low-stress, medium-stress and high-stress resilience were 2.61 (2.52 to 2.70), 1.97 (1.92 to 2.03) and 1.59 (1.53 to 1.67) respectively. Higher physical fitness was inversely associated with CHD risk; however, this was attenuated by low-stress resilience, shown by interaction testing (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Low-stress resilience in adolescence was associated with increased risk of CHD in middle age and may diminish the benefit of physical fitness. This represents new evidence of the role of stress resilience in determining risk of CHD and its interrelationship with physical fitness.
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  • Davidsson, Sabina, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer is not associated with COVID-2019 infection
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: The Prostate. - : Alan R. Liss Inc.. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 83:6, s. 555-562
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Androgens may play a role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and host responses as the virus is dependent on the androgen-regulated protein transmembrane serine protease 2 for cell entry. Studies have indicated that prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are at reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and serious complications compared with patients without ADT, but data are inconsistent.METHODS: A total of 655 prostate cancer patients who were under surveillance at two urology departments in Sweden on April 1, 2020 were included in the study as well as 240 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). At follow-up early in 2021, the participants completed a questionnaire containing information about symptoms compatible with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Blood samples were also collected for the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies (SARS-CoV-2 Total; Siemens). We used multivariable logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ADT and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was 13.4% among patients receiving ADT and 10.4% among patients without ADT. After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed no differences in symptoms or risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection between patients with and without ADT (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.52-1.85). Higher body mass index, Type 1 diabetes, and prostate cancer severity, defined by high Gleason score (8-10; OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.04-4.09) or elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen (>20 µg/l; OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.13-4.07) were associated with increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was not higher among men with prostate cancer than among men with BPH.CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not support the hypothesis that ADT use in prostate cancer patients reduces the risk or symptom severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection or that prostate cancer patients are at increased risk of COVID-19 compared with men without prostate cancer.
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  • Fall, Tove, et al. (författare)
  • Early Exposure to Dogs and Farm Animals and the Risk of Childhood Asthma
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: JAMA pediatrics. - Stockholm : American Medical Association. - 2168-6203 .- 2168-6211. ; 169:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • IMPORTANCE: The association between early exposure to animals and childhood asthma is not clear, and previous studies have yielded contradictory results.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether exposure to dogs and farm animals confers a risk of asthma.DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: In a nationwide cohort study, the association between early exposure to dogs and farm animals and the risk of asthma was evaluated and included all children born in Sweden from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2010 (N = 1 011 051), using registry data on dog and farm registration, asthma medication, diagnosis, and confounders for parents and their children. The association was assessed as the odds ratio (OR) for a current diagnosis of asthma at age 6 years for school-aged children and as the hazard ratio (HR) for incident asthma at ages 1 to 5 years for preschool-aged children. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2007, to September 30, 2012.EXPOSURES: Living with a dog or farm animal.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Childhood asthma diagnosis and medication used.RESULTS: Of the 1 011 051 children born during the study period, 376 638 preschool-aged (53 460 [14.2%] exposed to dogs and 1729 [0.5%] exposed to farm animals) and 276 298 school-aged children (22 629 [8.2%] exposed to dogs and 958 [0.3%] exposed to farm animals) were included in the analyses. Of these, 18 799 children (5.0%) in the preschool-aged children's cohort experienced an asthmatic event before baseline, and 28 511 cases of asthma and 906 071 years at risk were recorded during follow-up (incidence rate, 3.1 cases per 1000 years at risk). In the school-aged children's cohort, 11 585 children (4.2%) experienced an asthmatic event during the seventh year of life. Dog exposure during the first year of life was associated with a decreased risk of asthma in school-aged children (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81-0.93) and in preschool-aged children 3 years or older (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99) but not in children younger than 3 years (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07). Results were comparable when analyzing only first-born children. Farm animal exposure was associated with a reduced risk of asthma in both school-aged children and preschool-aged children (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.76, and HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56-0.84), respectively.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, the data support the hypothesis that exposure to dogs and farm animals during the first year of life reduces the risk of asthma in children at age 6 years. This information might be helpful in decision making for families and physicians on the appropriateness and timing of early animal exposure.
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  • Hiyoshi, Ayako, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Stress resilience in adolescence and subsequent antidepressant and anxiolytic medication in middle aged men : Swedish cohort study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Pergamon-Elsevier. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 134, s. 43-49
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • It is unclear whether psychological resilience to stress in adolescence represents a persistent characteristic relevant to the subsequent risk for depression and anxiety in later adulthood. We aimed to test whether low psychological stress resilience assessed in adolescence is associated with an increased risk of receiving medication for depression and anxiety in middle age. We utilized Swedish register-based cohort study. Men born between 1952 and 1956 (n = 175,699), who underwent compulsory assessment for military conscription in late adolescence were followed to examine subsequent risk of pharmaceutically-treated depression and anxiety in middle age, from 2006 to 2009 corresponding to ages between 50 and 58 years, using Cox regression. The associations of stress resilience with prescription of antidepressant and anxiolytics medication through potential mediating factors cognitive and physical function and adult socioeconomic factors were calculated. Low stress resilience was associated with elevated risks for antidepressant (hazard ratio (HR):1.5 (95% CI 1.4 1.6)) and anxiolytics (HR:2.4 (CI 2.0 2.7)) medication. Adjustment for measures of childhood living circumstances attenuated the associations somewhat. Around a third of association with low stress resilience, and a half of that with moderate resilience, was mediated through cognitive and physical function in adolescence and adult socioeconomic factors. The magnitude of the inverse association of higher cognitive function with antidepressant medication was eliminated among those with low stress resilience. These results indicate that low stress resilience in adolescence is associated with an increased risk for antidepressant and anxiolytics medication over 30 years later, in part mediated through developmental factors in adolescence and socioeconomic circumstances in adulthood, and low stress resilience can diminish or eliminate the inverse association of higher cognitive function with antidepressant medication.
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  • Kantor, Elizabeth D., et al. (författare)
  • Adolescent body mass index and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in relation to colorectal cancer risk
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Gut. - London, United Kingdom : BMJ Publishing Group. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 65:8, s. 1289-1295
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Adult obesity and inflammation have been associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, less is known about how adolescent body mass index (BMI) and inflammation, as measured by erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), relate to CRC risk. We sought to evaluate these associations in a cohort of 239 658 Swedish men who underwent compulsory military enlistment examinations in late adolescence (ages 16-20 years).Design: At the time of the conscription assessment (1969-1976), height and weight were measured and ESR was assayed. By linkage to the national cancer registry, these conscripts were followed for CRC through 1 January 2010. Over an average of 35 years of follow-up, 885 cases of CRC occurred, including 501 colon cancers and 384 rectal cancers. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted HRs and corresponding 95% CIs.Results: Compared with normal weight (BMI 18.5 to <25 kg/m(2)) in late adolescence, upper overweight (BMI 27.5 to <30 kg/m(2)) was associated with a 2.08-fold higher risk of CRC (95% CI 1.40 to 3.07) and obesity (BMI 30+ kg/m(2)) was associated with a 2.38-fold higher risk of CRC (95% CI 1.51 to 3.76) (p-trend: <0.001). Male adolescents with ESR (15+ mm/h) had a 63% higher risk of CRC (HR 1.63; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.45) than those with low ESR (<10 mm/h) (p-trend: 0.006). Associations did not significantly differ by anatomic site.Conclusions: Late-adolescent BMI and inflammation, as measured by ESR, may be independently associated with future CRC risk. Further research is needed to better understand how early-life exposures relate to CRC.
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  • Kennedy, Beatrice, 1982-, et al. (författare)
  • Stress resilience and cancer risk : a nationwide cohort study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - London, UK : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 71:10, s. 947-953
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Stress resilience is recognised as a determinant of both psychiatric and somatic health, but the potential link between stress resilience and cancer development has not been explored.Methods: In this nationwide cohort study, we examined the association between stress resilience in adolescence and subsequent cancer risk. We identified a cohort of 284 257 Swedish men, born 1952-1956, who underwent compulsory military enlistment examinations including measures of psychological stress resilience (median age 18 years). The resulting score was categorised as low, moderate and high stress resilience. Individuals diagnosed with cancer during the follow-up time were identified through data linkage to the Swedish Cancer Register.Results: Lowest stress resilience, compared with the highest, was associated with increased risks of liver (HR: 4.73, 95% CI 2.73 to 8.19) and lung (HR: 2.75, 95% CI 2.02 to 3.74) cancer after adjusting for markers of socioeconomic circumstances in childhood (p for trend <0.001 for both cancer types). Further adjustment for cognitive and physical fitness at conscription assessment had a marginal influence. In contrast, men with low stress resilience had a decreased risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer (HR: 0.65, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.76) and malignant melanoma (HR: 0.65, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.76).Conclusion: We conclude that adolescent stress resilience, plausibly by influencing behavioural choices and social patterns, constitutes an important determinant of adult cancer occurrence. Increased awareness of longterm consequences in susceptible individuals may help direct future efforts to reduce cancer burden in adults.
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  • Montgomery, Scott, 1961-, et al. (författare)
  • Sex of older siblings and cognitive function
  • 2017
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background : Number of older siblings is associated with lower cognitive function, possibly as marker of material disadvantage. Sex differences may signal an influence of inter-sibling interactions.Methods: The study used a national Swedish register-based cohort of men (n=644,603), born between 1970 and 1992 who undertook military conscription assessments in adolescence that included cognitive function measured on a normally-distributed scale of 1-9. Associations with siblings were investigated using linear regression.Results: After adjustment for numbers of younger siblings, year of conscription assessment, age/year of birth, sex, European socioeconomic classification for parents and maternal age at delivery; the regression coefficients (and 95% confidence intervals) for cognitive function are -0.26 (-0.27, -0.25), -0.42 (-0.44, -0.40), and -0.72 (-0.76, -0.67) for one, two and three or more male older siblings, respectively, compared with none; and -0.22 (-0.23, -0.21), -0.39 (-.41, -0.37), -0.62 (-0.67, -0.58) for one two and three or more female older siblings, respectively, compared with none. A larger number of younger siblings is not associated with lower cognitive function in the adjusted model.Conclusions: Family size is associated with cognitive function: older male siblings may have greater implications than females due to their demands on familial resources or through inter-sibling interactions.
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  • Montgomery, Scott, 1961-, et al. (författare)
  • Sex of older siblings and stress resilience
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Longitudinal and Life Course Studies. - : Society for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies. - 1757-9597. ; 9:4, s. 447-455
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim was to investigate whether older siblings are associated with development of stress resilience in adolescence and if there are differences by sex of siblings. The study used a Swedish register-based cohort of men (n=664 603) born between 1970 and 1992 who undertook military conscription assessments in adolescence that included a measure of stress resilience: associations were assessed using multinomial logistic regression. Adjusted relative risk ratios (95% confidence intervals) for low stress resilience (n=136 746) compared with high (n=142 581) are 1.33 (1.30, 1.35), 1.65 (1.59, 1.71) and 2.36 (2.18, 2.54) for one, two and three or more male older siblings, compared with none. Equivalent values for female older siblings do not have overlapping confidence intervals with males and are 1.19 (1.17, 1.21), 1.46 (1.40, 1.51) and 1.87 (1.73, 2.03). When the individual male and female siblings are compared directly (one male sibling compared with one female sibling, etc.) and after adjustment, including for cognitive function, there is a statistically significant (p<0.005) greater risk for low stress resilience associated with male siblings. Older male siblings may have greater adverse implications for psychological development, perhaps due to greater demands on familial resources or inter-sibling interactions.
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  • Mota Garcia, Teresa, et al. (författare)
  • Acne in late adolescence is not associated with a raised risk of subsequent malignant melanoma among men
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 1877-7821 .- 1877-783X. ; 51, s. 44-48
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: To evaluate the association of acne in late adolescence with the risk for subsequent malignant melanoma (MM) in men.METHODS: Swedish register-based cohort study of 242,096 males born between 1952 and 1956, who took part in compulsory assessments for Swedish military conscription in late adolescence between 1969 and 1975, with subsequent diagnoses of MM (n=1,058) up to December 31, 2009. Covariates included measures of childhood circumstances and information from adolescence on presence of acne, physical fitness, cognitive function, body mass index (BMI), and a summary of diagnoses. Cox regression was used for the analysis.RESULTS: In total 1,058 men were diagnosed with MM. Acne was not associated with subsequent MM, with an adjusted hazard ratio (and 95% confidence interval) of 0.95 (0.61 to 1.49). Men with parents who were agricultural workers, and men who lived in northern Sweden, had lower physical fitness, or lower cognitive function had a lower risk of MM. Overweight and obesity was associated with a raised risk, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.39 (1.14, 1.71).CONCLUSIONS: Acne in late adolescence is unlikely to represent a raised risk for subsequent MM in men. Overweight or obesity was identified as a raised risk for MM, possibly due to the associated increased skin surface area.
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  • Sundin, Per-Ola, 1971- (författare)
  • A life-course approach to chronic kidney disease : risks and consequences
  • 2019
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Successful primary prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) relies on understanding the pathways leading to established disease, including how they extend over the life-course. Projects in this thesis examine risk factors for CKD and consequences of impaired kidney function from a life-course perspective using routinely collected health-data in Swedish registers and research cohort data from the United Kingdom.The main findings regarding risk factors for CKD are, that markers of health and development determined at conscription assessment in adolescence, independently predict diagnosis of end-stage renal disease in middle age. We also identified a persistent increased risk of CKD following hospital admission with pneumonia in adulthood with highest magnitude risks in years immediately following infection, but still statistically significantly raised more than 15 years after the pneumonia episode. Our main findings relevant to predicting the consequences of impaired kidney function are that creatinine and cystatin C used clinically to estimate kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR) have associations with increased mortality risk independent of GFR measured with an exogenous filtration marker (mGFR). If cystatin C and creatinine are combined, adding mGFR does not improve mortality risk prediction. Another important finding is that moderately reduced eGFR is only associated with a statistically significant increased mortality risk among individuals in the lowest third of the distribution of grip strength in a general population sample followed for 4-5 years, after adjustment for potential confounding factors.These results highlight the importance of adopting a life-course perspective when studying risk factors for CKD, since these associations can extend over different stages in the life-course. When assessing increased mortality risk associated with measures of GFR, combining cystatin and creatinine improves risk prediction. Potential effect modification across subgroups, including by grip strength, should be considered.
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  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers and liver cancer mortality in a national cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 55:5, s. 597-605
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: β-adrenergic signaling has been implicated in the pathology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the evidence from clinical studies is limited. In this national population-based cohort study, we investigated the possible association of β-adrenergic receptor blockers and cancer-specific mortality among patients with primary HCC diagnosed in Sweden between 2006 and 2014.Methods: Patients were identified from the Swedish Cancer Register (n = 2104) and followed until 31 December 2015. We used Cox regression to evaluate the association of β-blockers dispensed within 90 days prior to cancer diagnosis, ascertained from the national Prescribed Drug Register, with liver cancer mortality identified from the Cause of Death Register, while controlling for socio-demographic factors, tumor characteristics, comorbidity, other medications and treatment procedures.Results: Over a median follow-up of 9.9 months, 1601 patients died (of whom 1309 from liver cancer). Compared with non-use, β-blocker use at cancer diagnosis [n = 714 (predominantly prevalent use, 93%)] was associated with lower liver cancer mortality [0.82 (0.72-0.94); p = .005]. Statistically significant associations were observed for non-selective [0.71 (0.55-0.91); p = .006], β1-receptor selective [0.86 [0.75-1.00); p = .049] and lipophilic [0.78 (0.67-0.90); p = .001] β-blockers. No association was observed for hydrophilic β-blockers [1.01 (0.80-1.28); p = .906] or other antihypertensive medications. Further analysis suggested that the observed lower liver cancer mortality rate was limited to patients with localized disease at diagnosis [0.82 (0.67-1.01); p = .062].Conclusion: β-blocker use was associated with lower liver cancer mortality rate in this national cohort of patients with HCC. A higher-magnitude inverse association was observed in relation to non-selective β-blocker use.
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24.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Beta-Blocker Drug Use and Survival among Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research Inc.. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 77:13, s. 3700-3707
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Preclinical studies have suggested that beta-adrenergic signaling is involved in pancreatic cancer progression. Prompted by such studies, we investigated an association between beta-blocker drug use with improved cancer-specific survival in a large, general population-based cohort of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). All patients diagnosed with a first primary PDAC in Sweden between 2006 and 2009 were identified through the Swedish Cancer Register (n = 2,394). We obtained information about use of beta-blockers and other medications through linkage with the national Prescribed Drug Register. Cancer-specific mortality was assessed using the Swedish Cause of Death Register. We used multivariable Cox regression adjusted for sociodemographic factors, tumor characteristics, comorbidity score, and other medications to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer-specific mortality associated with beta-blocker use during the 90-day period before cancer diagnosis. A total of 2,054 (86%) died, with pancreatic cancer recorded as the underlying cause of death during a maximum of 5-year follow-up (median 5 months). Patients who used beta-blockers (n = 522) had a lower cancer-specific mortality rate than nonusers (adjusted HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.90; P < 0.001). This observed rate reduction was more pronounced among patients with localized disease at diagnosis (n = 517; adjusted HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43-0.83; P = 0.002), especially for users with higher daily doses (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.35-0.83; P = 0.005). No clear rate differences were observed by beta-blocker receptor selectivity. Our results support the concept that beta-blocker drugs may improve the survival of PDAC patients, particularly among those with localized disease.
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25.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Beta-blocker use and lung cancer mortality in a nationwide cohort study of patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : Prevention American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 29:1, s. 119-126
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers have been associated with improved survival among patients with different types of malignancies, but available data for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is contradictory and limited to small hospital-based studies. We therefore aimed to investigate if β-blocker use at the time of cancer diagnosis is associated with lung cancer mortality in the largest general population-based cohort of patients with NSCLC to date.PATIENTS AND METHODS: For this retrospectively defined nationwide cohort study, we used prospectively collected data from Swedish population and health registers. Through the Swedish Cancer Register, we identified 18,429 patients diagnosed with a primary NSCLC between 2006 and 2014 with follow-up to 2015. Cox regression was used to estimate the association between beta-blocker use at time of cancer diagnosis ascertained from the Prescribed Drug Register and cancer-specific mortality identified from the Cause of Death Register.RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 10.2 months, 14,994 patients died (including 13,398 from lung cancer). Compared with non-use, beta-blocker use (predominantly prevalent use, 93%) was not associated with lung cancer mortality [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.01 (0.97-1.06)]. However, the possibility that diverging associations for specific beta-blockers and some histopathological subtypes exist cannot be excluded.CONCLUSION: In this nationwide cohort of NSCLC patients, beta-blocker use was not associated with lung cancer mortality when assessed in aggregate in the total cohort, but evidence for some beta-blockers is less conclusive.IMPACT: Our results do not indicate that beta-blocker use at lung cancer diagnosis reduces the cancer-specific mortality rate in NSCLC patients.
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26.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Beta-blocker use and urothelial bladder cancer survival : a Swedish register-based cohort study
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 61:8, s. 922-930
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Recent observational studies linked beta-adrenergic receptor blocker use with improved survival in patients with several cancer types, but there is no information on the potential effects of beta-blockers in patients with bladder cancer. Literature from pre-clinical studies is also limited, but urothelial cancer can exhibit significant overexpression of beta-adrenergic receptors relative to normal urothelial tissue, suggesting that urothelial cancer may benefit from beta-blockade therapy. We thus aimed to explore the possible association between beta-blocker use and bladder cancer-specific mortality (BCSM) among patients with urothelial bladder cancer.Material and methods: Patients diagnosed during 2006-2014 and identified from the Swedish Cancer Register (n = 16,669) were followed until 31 December 2015. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of beta-blockers dispensed within 90 days prior to cancer diagnosis with BCSM (primary outcome) and all-cause mortality, while controlling for socio-demographic factors, tumor characteristics, comorbidity, other medications and surgical procedures. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.Results: Overall, beta-blocker use was associated with lower BCSM [HR 0.88 (95%CI 0.81-0.96)]. Especially use of nonselective beta-blockers showed a clear inverse association in comparison with both nonuse [0.66 (0.50-0.86)] and use of other antihypertensive medications [0.72 (0.54-0.95)]. The inverse association was most pronounced among patients with locally advanced/metastatic disease: [0.35 (0.18-0.68)]. A lower-magnitude inverse association was observed for selective beta-blocker use [0.91 (0.83-0.99)]. Largely similar inverse associations were observed for hydrophilic [0.82 (0.70-0.95)] and lipophilic [0.91 (0.83-1.00)] beta-blocker use.Conclusion: beta-blocker use, particularly of the nonselective type, was associated with lower BCSM, especially in patients with locally advanced/metastatic urothelial bladder cancer.
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27.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Stress resilience in late adolescence and survival among cancer patients : a Swedish register-based cohort study
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 28:2, s. 400-408
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Chronic stress has been suggested to play a role in cancer progression, but few studies have so far examined the potential influence of stress susceptibility. This national register-based cohort study utilizes a unique data source to investigate whether a stress resilience measure is associated with survival in cancer patients.METHODS: The cohort includes 9,318 Swedish male cancer patients born during 1952-1956 who had their stress resilience evaluated at a semi-structured interview with a psychologist during mandatory conscription examination in late adolescence.RESULTS: Over a median of 3 years of follow-up from cancer diagnosis, a total of 2,541 patients died (2,322 from cancer). Overall, low (23%) compared with high (25%) stress resilience was associated with increased mortality (adjusted hazard ratio estimated by Cox regression 1.45; 95% confidence interval 1.28-1.65), particularly among men with carcinomas of the oropharynx (2.62, 1.24-5.56), upper respiratory tract (4.64, 1.05-20.41), and prostate (2.20, 1.04-4.62), as well as with Hodgkin's lymphoma (3.52, 1.40-8.86). An association was evident both for cancer types associated with smoking (1.35, 1.10-1.66) and malignancies without an established smoking aetiology (1.32, 1.12-1.56). The association between low stress resilience and mortality could partly be explained by tumour stage, marital status, and psychiatric comorbidity at cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: We observed an association between low stress resilience and mortality among men diagnosed with cancer, particularly, oropharyngeal cancer, upper respiratory tract cancers, prostate cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma.IMPACT: These results suggest that individual variation in stress resilience may influence survival among men with some cancer types.
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28.
  • Udumyan, Ruzan, 1971- (författare)
  • Stress susceptibility, beta-blocker use and cancer survival
  • 2020
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic stress may influence tumour biology through activation of neuroendocrine pathways and thus impair survival. However, measuring stressful exposures and their influence on health is challenging, partly due to substantial inter-individual variation in stress susceptibility. The thesis aimed to explore whether stress resilience and use of β-adrenergic receptor blockers, which are implicated in regulation of neuroendocrine stress response pathways, are linked to survival after a primary cancer diagnosis using data from Swedish national registers. In a cohort of male cancer patients born during 1952-1956 who had their stress resilience assessed during a mandatory conscription examination in late adolescence, low compared with high stress resilience was associated with a higher overall mortality rate. Statistically significant reductions in survival were observed among men with carcinomas of the oropharynx, prostate, upper respiratory tract, and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In a cohort of patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma during 2006-2009, β-blocker users had a lower pancreatic cancer mortality rate than non-users, particularly among patients without distant metastases at diagnosis. In a cohort of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer during 2006-2014, there was no clear association between β-blocker use and lung cancer survival, but we cannot exclude the possibility of associations in some sub-groups defined by histology, stage and β-blocker types. In a cohort of patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma during 2006-2014, β-blocker use was associated with lower liver cancer mortality, particularly among patients with localised disease. A higher-magnitude inverse association was observed for non-selective β-blocker use. In conclusion, greater stress resilience and β-blocker use are associated with improved survival among patients with some cancer types, and this may be explained by a variety of pathways.
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29.
  • Ugge, Henrik, 1987-, et al. (författare)
  • Acne in late adolescence and risk of prostate cancer
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; , s. 1580-1585
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Accumulating evidence suggest that Propionibacterium acnes may play a role in prostate carcinogenesis, but data are so far limited and inconclusive. The aim of this population-based cohort study was therefore to test whether presence of acne vulgaris during late adolescence is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer later in life. We identified a large cohort of young men born in Sweden between 1952 and 1956, who underwent mandatory assessment for military conscription around the age of 18 (n= 243,187). Test information along with health data including medical diagnoses at time of conscription was available through the Swedish Military Conscription Register and the National Patient Register. The cohort was followed through linkages to the Swedish Cancer Register to identify the occurrence of prostate cancer until December 31st 2009. We used Cox regression to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between acne in adolescence and prostate cancer risk. A total of 1,633 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer during a median follow-up of 36.7 years. A diagnosis of acne was associated with a statistically significant increased risk for prostate cancer (adjusted HR: 1.43 95%; CI: 1.06-1.92), particularly for advanced stage disease (HR: 2.37 95%; CI 1.19-4.73). A diagnosis of acne classified as severe conferred a 6-fold increased risk of prostate cancer (HR: 5.70 95% CI 1.42-22.85). Data from this large prospective population-based cohort add new evidence supporting a role of P acnes infection in prostate cancer.
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30.
  • Ugge, Henrik, 1987-, et al. (författare)
  • Appendicitis before age 20 years is associated with an increased risk of later prostate cancer
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 27:6, s. 660-664
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Appendicitis before age 20 years has been observed to influence the risk of several inflammatory conditions, possibly through underlying immunological mechanisms. Inflammation has further been suggested to be involved in prostate cancer development. We therefore hypothesized that immunological characteristics signaled by appendicitis before late adolescence might influence the risk of later prostate cancer, and aimed to evaluate this association in a population-based study.METHODS: We identified a large cohort of Swedish men who underwent assessment for military conscription around the age of 18 years (n= 242,573). Medical diagnoses at time of conscription were available through the Swedish Military Conscription Register. The Swedish Cancer Register was used to identify diagnoses of prostate cancer. Multivariable adjusted Cox regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between appendicitis and prostate cancer.RESULTS: During a median of 36.7 years of follow-up, 1,684 diagnoses of prostate cancer occurred. We found a statistically significant association between appendicitis and overall prostate cancer (adjusted HR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.08-2.67). The risk was notably increased for advanced (HR: 4.42; 95% CI: 1.74-11.22) and lethal (HR: 8.95; 95% CI: 2.98-26.91) prostate cancer.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a diagnosis of appendicitis before adulthood potentially signals underlying immune characteristics and a pattern of inflammatory response relevant to prostate cancer risk.IMPACT: The study lends support to the proposed role of inflammation in prostate carcinogenesis, and adds another area of investigation potentially relevant to prostate cancer development.
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31.
  • Ugge, Henrik, 1987-, et al. (författare)
  • Asthma and allergy in adolescence and risk of prostate cancer
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 51:Suppl. 220, s. 20-20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Introduction: The role of inflammation in prostate cancer has been widely discussed [1]. Exploring the association between immunological or inflammatory conditions, that reflect immune response profile, and prostate cancer risk may provide clues to the type of inflammatory processes involved in the etiology of prostate cancer. Asthma and allergic conditions have been suggested to reduce the risk of prostate cancer, but data from large studies are currently scarce and results are conflicting [2,3].Objectives: To test if asthma, hay fever, or any allergic condition present in adolescence is associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer later in life.Methods: This study is based on a cohort of 243,309 men born in Sweden between 1952 and 1956 who underwent mandatory conscription assessments for military service around ages 18-19 years. At this time, a thorough assessment of the men’s health was performed, and conditions such as asthma, hay fever, and allergies were recorded. The cohort was followed for incident prostate cancer through linkage with the Swedish cancer- and population registers. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between the selected conditions and prostate cancer incidence.Results: A total of 1,654 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer during a maximum of 40.3 years of follow-up (median 36.7 years). At the time of conscription assessment, there were 11,754 men with hay fever, 4,943 with an asthma-diagnosis and 16,112 with any allergic condition. We observed no difference in prostate cancer risk for men with asthma (HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.63-1.3), hay fever (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.82-1.28) or any allergic condition (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.8-1.19) compared with men without these diagnoses. Small numbers precluded separate analyses of men with advanced or lethal prostate cancer (n¼6 andn¼3, respectively).Conclusion: Our results do not support the hypothesis that presence of asthma or allergic conditions in late adolescence reduces the risk of prostate cancer later in life. If inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, the immune response profiles likely differ from those reflected in clinical diagnoses of asthma or allergic conditions. The possibility that different risk patterns may be observed among older men with advanced or lethal prostate cancer, however, cannot be excluded.
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32.
  • Vingeliene, Snieguole, 1985-, et al. (författare)
  • Atopic dermatitis, systemic inflammation and subsequent dementia risk
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: JEADV Clinical Practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2768-6566. ; 2:4, s. 839-848
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and inflammation has been implicated in development of other chronic diseases, but few studies have examined the relationship with dementia.Objectives: This study examines associations of atopic dermatitis (AD) and systemic inflammation in adolescence measured using erythrocyte sedimenta-tion rate (ESR), as well as AD diagnosed in adulthood, with dementia risk.Methods: We used three Swedish register‐based cohorts. Cohort I (N= 795,680) comprised men, born in 1951–1968, who participated in themilitary conscription examinations with physician‐assessed AD and ESR; Cohort II (N= 1,757,600) included men and women, born in 1951–1968; and Cohort III (N= 3,988,783) included all individuals in Sweden, born in 1930–1968. We used Cox regression, estimating hazard ratios (HR), with thefollow‐up from 50 years of age to dementia diagnosis, date of emigration, death, or 31 December 2018, which ever occurred first. Further, we used asibling comparison design to adjust for unmeasured confounders shared among siblings.Results: Cohort I: 1466 dementia events were accrued during follow‐up of 7.8 years, with a crude rate of 21.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): 20.6, 22.8] per 100,000 person‐years. Cohort II: 3549 dementia events were accrued duringfollow‐up of 7.4 years, with a crude rate of 23.7 (95% CI: 22.9, 24.5) per 100,000 person‐years. Cohort III: 120,303 dementia events were accrued during follow‐up of 23.7 years, with a crude rate of 180.3 (95% CI: 179.3, 181.3) per 100,000 person‐years. In multivariable analysis using Cohort I, there was no association between AD and dementia [HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.32, 1.43)], norwith moderate [HR 0.71 (95% CI: 0.46, 1.10)] or high [HR 1.23 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.75)] ESR. AD was not associated with dementia risk in Cohort II [HR 1.28(0.97, 1.71)] or Cohort III [HR 1.01 (0.92, 1.11)].Conclusions: AD was not associated with dementia risk, neither was systemic inflammation measured by ESR in adolescence.
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33.
  • Wernroth, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Development of gut microbiota during the first 2 years of life
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Although development of microbiota in childhood has been linked to chronic immune-related conditions, early childhood determinants of microbiota development have not been fully elucidated. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to analyse faecal and saliva samples from 83 children at four time-points during their first 2 years of life and from their mothers. Our findings confirm that gut microbiota in infants have low diversity and highlight that some properties are shared with the oral microbiota, although inter-individual differences are present. A considerable convergence in gut microbiota composition was noted across the first 2 years of life, towards a more diverse adult-like microbiota. Mode of delivery accounted for some of the inter-individual variation in early childhood, but with a pronounced attenuation over time. Our study extends previous research with further characterization of the major shift in gut microbiota composition during the first 2 years of life.
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34.
  • Wernroth, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Early Childhood Antibiotic Treatment for Otitis Media and Other Respiratory Tract Infections Is Associated With Risk of Type 1 Diabetes : A Nationwide Register-Based Study With Sibling Analysis
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 43:5, s. 991-999
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: The effect of early life antibiotic treatment on the risk of type 1 diabetes is debated. This study assessed this question, applying a register-based design in children up to age 10 years including a large sibling-control analysis.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: = 797,318) born in Sweden between 1 July 2005 and 30 September 2013 were included and monitored to 31 December 2014. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for parental and perinatal characteristics, were applied, and stratified models were used to account for unmeasured confounders shared by siblings.RESULTS: for interaction = 0.016). The association was driven by exposure to antibiotics primarily used for acute otitis media and respiratory tract infections. Further, we found an association of antibiotic prescriptions in pregnancy (22.5%) with type 1 diabetes (adjusted HR 1.15 [95% CI 1.00-1.32]). In general, sibling analysis supported these results, albeit often with statistically nonsignificant associations.CONCLUSIONS: Dispensed prescription of antibiotics, mainly for acute otitis media and respiratory tract infections, in the 1st year of life is associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes before age 10, most prominently in children delivered by cesarean section.
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35.
  • Wernroth, M. -L, et al. (författare)
  • Childhood bereavement and risk of type 1 diabetes : a Swedish population-based register study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 64:Suppl. 1, s. 140-140
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background and aims: Loss of a first-degree family member in childhood constitutes a major psychological stressor, and is associated both with subsequent psychiatric and somatic morbidity. The potential influence on type 1 diabetes risk has however not yet been fully elucidated. In this study we therefore aimed to investigate the impact of childhood bereavement on type 1 diabetes risk.Materials and methods: We conducted a population-based study in Sweden, encompassing 2,321,318 children born in Sweden January 1 1990 to December 31 2012. The follow up ended December 31 2013, at death of the child, type 1 diabetes diagnosis, emigration or when the child turned 19 years. All children were followed from the age of one, with exposure defined as death of a mother, father, or sibling. Type 1 diabetes diagnoses were extracted from the National Patient Register. We applied Cox proportional hazards models with attained age as time scale and loss of family member as a time varying variable, adjusting for potential confounders including parental type 1 diabetes, parental country of birth, and region of residence. We further categorized child age at bereavement as pre-school (1-6 years), school age (7-12 years) and teenage (13-18 years).Results: During follow-up (median 10.8 years), 50,253 (2.2%) children experienced loss of a family member. Median age at loss was 9.6 years, and 32% of all deaths were categorized as traumatic (accident, suicide, violence, or other sudden unnatural deaths). In total 10,965 children were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes during follow-up and median age at diagnosis was 8.5 years. We observed no overall association between childhood bereavement and type 1 diabetes risk (crude HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.86-1.18, adjusted HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.82 -1.13). The risk was not influenced by sex of the child, cause of death of family member, or familial relationship to the deceased. However, we noted an association when the exposure occurred during the teenage years (adjusted HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.15-2.43).Conclusion: Overall, childhood bereavement was not associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes, but the impact of childhood loss on type 1 diabetes may be modified by age at bereavement.
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36.
  • Wernroth, Mona-Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Dog Exposure During the First Year of Life and Type 1 Diabetes in Childhood
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: JAMA pediatrics. - : AMER MEDICAL ASSOC. - 2168-6203 .- 2168-6211. ; 171:7, s. 663-669
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • IMPORTANCE The association between early exposure to animals and type 1 diabetes in childhood is not clear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether exposure to dogs during the first year of life is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes in childhood. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A nationwide cohort study utilizing high-quality Swedish national demographic and health registers was conducted. A total of 840 593 children born in Sweden from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2010, were evaluated. Type 1 diabetes was identified using diagnosis codes from hospitals and dispensed prescriptions of insulin. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between exposure to dogs and risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood. The possible association was further investigated by performing dose-response and breed group-specific analyses. The cohort was followed up until September 30, 2012. Data analysis was conducted from October 15, 2015, to February 8, 2017. EXPOSURES Having a parent who was registered as a dog owner during the child's first year of life. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. RESULTS Of the 840 593 children reviewed, 408 272 (48.6%) were girls; mean (SD) age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was 5.1 (2.6) years. Dog exposure was identified in 102 035 children (12.1%). Follow-up started at age 1 year, and the children were followed up for as long as 10.7 years (median, 5.5 years). During follow-up, 1999 children developed type 1 diabetes. No association was found between exposure to dogs (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.86-1.16) and type 1 diabetes in childhood. The size of the dog (adjusted HR per 10-cm increase in height, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.86-1.06) or number of dogs in the household (1 dog: adjusted HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.91-1.26; 2 dogs: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.54-1.15; >= 3 dogs: 0.50; 95% CI, 0.23-1.12; compared with nonexposed children) also was not associated with type 1 diabetes risk. An analysis of children whose parent had type 1 diabetes (210 events) yielded an adjusted HR of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.43-1.17) for dog exposure. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In a nationwide study, no evidence supporting an association of register-derived measures of dog exposure with childhood type 1 diabetes was identified.
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37.
  • Xu, Yin, 1991-, et al. (författare)
  • Validity of Routinely Collected Swedish Data in the International Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Database
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 45:6, s. 1622-1629
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: This study aims to assess patient coverage, validity and data quality in the Swedish part of the International Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Interactive Audit System (EIAS).METHOD: All Swedish ERAS centers that recorded colorectal surgery data in EIAS between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2017, were included (N = 12). Information registered in EIAS was compared with data from electronic medical records at each hospital to assess the overall coverage of EIAS. Twenty random-selected patients from each of the contributing centers were assessed for accuracy for a set of clinically relevant variables. All patients admitted to the contributing centers were included for the assessment of rate of missing on a selection of key clinical variables.RESULTS: Eight hospitals provided complete information for the evaluation, while four hospitals only allowed assessment of coverage and missing data. The eight hospitals had an overall coverage of 98.8% in EIAS (n = 1301) and the four 86.7% (n = 811). The average agreement for the assessed postoperative outcome variables was 96.5%. The accuracy was excellent for 'length of hospital stay,' 'reoperation,' and 'any complications,' but lower for other types of complications. Only a few variables had more than 5% missing data, and missingness was associated with hospital type and size.CONCLUSION: This validation of the Swedish part of the international ERAS database suggests high patient coverage in EIAS and high agreement and limited missingness in clinically relevant variables. This validation approach or a modified version can be used for continued validation of the International ERAS database.
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38.
  • Akre [Fall], Katja, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Aspirin and risk for gastric cancer : a population-based case-control study in Sweden
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - Edinburgh, United Kingdom : Churchill Livingstone. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 84:7, s. 965-8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • While aspirin and other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with gastric mucosal damage, they might reduce the risk for gastric cancer. In a population-based case-control study in 5 Swedish counties, we interviewed 567 incident cases of gastric cancer and 1165 controls about their use of pain relievers. The cases were uniformly classified to subsite (cardia/non-cardia) and histological type and information collected on other known risk factors for gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori serology was tested in a subset of 542 individuals. Users of aspirin had a moderately reduced risk of gastric cancer compared to never users; odds ratio (OR) adjusted for age, gender and socioeconomic status was 0.7 (95% CI = 0.6-1.0). Gastric cancer risk fell with increasing frequency of aspirin use (P for trend = 0.02). The risk reduction was apparent for both cardia and non-cardia tumours but was uncertain for the diffuse histologic type. No clear association was observed between gastric cancer risk and non-aspirin NSAIDs or other studied pain relievers. Our finding lends support to the hypothesis that use of aspirin reduces the risk for gastric cancer.
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39.
  • Akre [Fall], Katja, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Risk for gastric cancer after antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip replacement
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Cancer Research. - Birmingham, USA : American Asoociation for Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 60, s. 6376-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Despite strong evidence of an association between Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer, the benefit of eradicating H. pylori infection is unknown. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that exposure to high doses of antibiotics reduces risk for gastric cancer via possible eradication of H. pylori We conducted a nationwide case-control study nested in a cohort of 39,154 patients who underwent hip replacement surgery between 1965 and 1983. Such patients frequently receive prophylactic antibiotic treatment. During follow-up through 1989, we identified 189 incident cases of gastric cancer. For each case, three controls were selected from the cohort. Exposure data were abstracted from hospital records. Blood samples from a separate cohort undergoing hip replacement surgery were analyzed for anti-H. pylori IgG before and after surgery. Both long-term antibiotic treatment before surgery [odds ratio (OR), 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-0.7] and prophylactic antibiotic treatment (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.5-1.1) conferred a reduction in gastric cancer risk. The reduction appeared stronger after 5 years (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-1.2) than during shorter follow-up after hip replacement (OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4-1.7). There was an apparent decrease in risk with increasing body weight-adjusted doses of antibiotics (P = 0.13). However, the rate of H. pylori antibody disappearance was not strikingly higher in the cohort of patients undergoing hip replacement than in a control cohort. Our findings provide indirect support for the hypothesis that treatment with antibiotics at a relatively advanced age reduces the risk of gastric cancer.
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40.
  • Arora, Manish, et al. (författare)
  • An exploration of shared genetic risk factors between periodontal disease and cancers : a prospective co-twin study
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - Cary, USA : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 171:2, s. 253-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Biologic mechanisms underlying associations of periodontal disease with cancers remain unknown. The authors propose that both conditions share common genetic risk factors. They analyzed associations between baseline periodontal disease, measured by questionnaire-recorded tooth mobility, and incident cancers, identified by linkage with national registries, between 1963 and 2004 in 15,333 Swedish twins. The authors used co-twin analyses to control for familial factors and undertook analyses restricted to monozygotic twins to further control for confounding by genetic factors. They observed 4,361 cancer cases over 548,913 person-years. After adjustment for covariates, baseline periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of several cancers ranging from 15% for total cancer (proportional hazard ratio (HR) = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.32) to 120% for corpus uterine cancer (HR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.16, 4.18). Periodontal disease was also associated with increased risk of colorectal (HR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.33), pancreatic (HR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.75), and prostate (HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.07) cancers. In co-twin analyses, dizygotic twins with baseline periodontal disease showed a 50% increase in total cancer risk (HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.17), but in monozygotic twins this association was markedly attenuated (HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.63, 1.81). Similar patterns emerged for digestive tract cancers, suggesting that shared genetic risk factors may partially explain associations between periodontal disease and cancers.
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41.
  • Bergh, Cecilia, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Shared unmeasured characteristics among siblings confound the association of Apgar score with stress resilience in adolescence
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 108:11, s. 2001-2007
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: We investigated the association between low Apgar score, other perinatal characteristics and low stress resilience in adolescence. A within-siblings analysis was used to tackle unmeasured shared familial confounding.METHODS: We used a national cohort of 527,763 males born in Sweden between 1973 and 1992 who undertook military conscription assessments at mean age 18 years (17-20). Conscription examinations included a measure of stress resilience. Information on Apgar score and other perinatal characteristics was obtained through linkage with the Medical Birth Register. Analyses were conducted using ordinary least squares and fixed-effects linear regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors.RESULTS: Infants with a prolonged low Apgar score at five minutes had an increased risk of low stress resilience in adolescence compared to those with highest scores at one minute, with an adjusted coefficient and 95% confidence interval of -0.26 (-0.39, -0.13). The associations were no longer statistically significant when using within-siblings models. However, the associations with stress resilience and birthweight remained statistically significant in all analyses.CONCLUSION: The association with low Apgar score seems to be explained by confounding due to shared childhood circumstances among siblings from the same family, while low birthweight is independently associated with low stress resilience.
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42.
  • Bergh, Cecilia, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Stress resilience in male adolescents and subsequent stroke risk : cohort study
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 85:12, s. 1331-1336
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective Exposure to psychosocial stress has been identified as a possible stroke risk, but the role of stress resilience which may be relevant to chronic exposure is uncertain. We investigated the association of stress resilience in adolescence with subsequent stroke risk.Methods Register-based cohort study. Some 237 879 males born between 1952 and 1956 were followed from 1987 to 2010 using information from Swedish registers. Cox regression estimated the association of stress resilience with stroke, after adjustment for established stroke risk factors.Results Some 3411 diagnoses of first stroke were identified. Lowest stress resilience (21.8%) compared with the highest (23.7%) was associated with increased stroke risk, producing unadjusted HR (with 95% CIs) of 1.54 (1.40 to 1.70). The association attenuated slightly to 1.48 (1.34 to 1.63) after adjustment for markers of socioeconomic circumstances in childhood; and after further adjustment for markers of development and disease in adolescence (blood pressure, cognitive function and pre-existing cardiovascular disease) to 1.30 (1.18 to 1.45). The greatest reduction followed further adjustment for markers of physical fitness (BMI and physical working capacity) in adolescence to 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29). The results were consistent when stroke was subdivided into fatal, ischaemic and haemorrhagic, with higher magnitude associations for fatal rather than non-fatal, and for haemorrhagic rather than ischaemic stroke.Conclusions Stress susceptibility and, therefore, psychosocial stress may be implicated in the aetiology of stroke. This association may be explained, in part, by poorer physical fitness. Effective prevention might focus on behaviour/lifestyle and psychosocial stress.
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43.
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44.
  • Blattner, Mirjam, et al. (författare)
  • SPOP Mutations in Prostate Cancer across Demographically Diverse Patient Cohorts
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Neoplasia. - New York : Elsevier. - 1522-8002 .- 1476-5586. ; 16:1, s. 14-U34
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Recurrent mutations in the Speckle-Type POZ Protein (SPOP) gene occur in up to 15% of prostate cancers. However, the frequency and features of cancers with these mutations across different populations is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To investigate SPOP mutations across diverse cohorts and validate a series of assays employing high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis and Sanger sequencing for mutational analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: 720 prostate cancer samples from six international cohorts spanning Caucasian, African American, and Asian patients, including both prostate-specific antigen-screened and unscreened populations, were screened for their SPOP mutation status. Status of SPOP was correlated to molecular features (ERG rearrangement, PTEN deletion, and CHD1 deletion) as well as clinical and pathologic features.RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Overall frequency of SPOP mutations was 8.1% (4.6% to 14.4%), SPOP mutation was inversely associated with ERG rearrangement (P < .01), and SPOP mutant (SPOPmut) cancers had higher rates of CHD1 deletions (P < .01). There were no significant differences in biochemical recurrence in SPOPmut cancers. Limitations of this study include missing mutational data due to sample quality and lack of power to identify a difference in clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION: SPOP is mutated in 4.6% to 14.4% of patients with prostate cancer across different ethnic and demographic backgrounds. There was no significant association between SPOP mutations with ethnicity, clinical, or pathologic parameters. Mutual exclusivity of SPOP mutation with ERG rearrangement as well as a high association with CHD1 deletion reinforces SPOP mutation as defining a distinct molecular subclass of prostate cancer.
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45.
  • Bond, Emily, et al. (författare)
  • Sexually transmitted infections after bereavement - a population-based cohort study
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - London, England : BioMed Central. - 1471-2334. ; 16
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Loss of a loved one has consistently been associated with various health risks. Little is however known about its relation to sexually transmitted infections (STIs).Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study during 1987-2012 using the Swedish Multi-Generation Register, including 3,002,209 women aged 10-44 years. Bereavement was defined as death of a child, parent, sibling or spouse (N = 979,579, 33 %). STIs were defined as hospital visits with an STI as main or secondary diagnosis. Poisson regression and negative binomial regression were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of STIs, comparing incidence rates of women who had experienced loss to those who had not.Results: Bereaved women were at significantly higher risk of nearly all STIs studied. The relative risk of any STI was highest during the first year after loss (IRR: 1.45, 95 % CI: 1.27-1.65) and predominantly among women with subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders after bereavement (IRR: 2.61, 95 % CI: 2.00-3.34). Notably, a consistent excess risk, persisting for over five years, was observed for acute salpingitis (IRR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.44), a severe complication of bacterial STIs.Conclusion: These data suggest that women who have experienced bereavement are at increased risk of STIs.
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46.
  • Chen, Ruoqing, et al. (författare)
  • Childhood injury after a parental cancer diagnosis
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: eLIFE. - Stockholm : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A parental cancer diagnosis is psychologically straining for the whole family. We investigated whether a parental cancer diagnosis is associated with a higher-than-expected risk of injury among children by using a Swedish nationwide register-based cohort study. Compared to children without parental cancer, children with parental cancer had a higher rate of hospital contact for injury during the first year after parental cancer diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR]=1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.22-1.33), especially when the parent had a comorbid psychiatric disorder after cancer diagnosis (HR=1.41, 95% CI=1.08-1.85). The rate increment declined during the second and third year after parental cancer diagnosis (HR=1.10, 95% CI=1.07-1.14) and became null afterwards (HR=1.01, 95% CI=0.99-1.03). Children with parental cancer also had a higher rate of repeated injuries than the other children (HR=1.13, 95% CI= 1.12-1.15). Given the high rate of injury among children in the general population, our findings may have important public health implications.
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47.
  • Chen, Ruoqing, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of parental cancer on IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness in young men
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Clinical Epidemiology. - : DOVE Medical Press Ltd.. - 1179-1349. ; 10, s. 593-602
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: A parental cancer diagnosis is a stressful life event, potentially leading to increased risks of mental and physical problems among children. This study aimed to investigate the associations of parental cancer with IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness of the affected men during early adulthood.Materials and methods: In this Swedish population-based study, we included 465,249 men born during 1973-1983 who underwent the military conscription examination around the age of 18 years. We identified cancer diagnoses among the parents of these men from the Cancer Register. IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness of the men were assessed at the time of conscription and categorized into three levels: low, moderate, and high (reference category). We used multinomial logistic regression to assess the studied associations. Results: Overall, parental cancer was associated with higher risks of low stress resilience (relative risk ratio [RRR]: 1.09 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.15]) and low physical fitness (RRR: 1.12 [95% CI 1.05-1.19]). Stronger associations were observed for parental cancer with a poor expected prognosis (low stress resilience: RRR: 1.59 [95% CI 1.31-1.94]; low physical fitness: RRR: 1.45 [95% CI 1.14-1.85]) and for parental death after cancer diagnosis (low stress resilience: RRR: 1.29 [95% CI 1.16-1.43]; low physical fitness: RRR: 1.40 [95% CI 1.23-1.59]). Although there was no overall association between parental cancer and IQ, parental death after cancer diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of low IQ (RRR: 1.11 [95% CI 1.01-1.24]).Conclusion: Parental cancer, particularly severe and fatal type, is associated with higher risks of low stress resilience and low physical fitness among men during early adulthood. Men who experienced parental death after cancer diagnosis also have a higher risk of low IQ.
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48.
  • Chen, Ruoqing, et al. (författare)
  • Marital status, telomere length and cardiovascular disease risk in a Swedish prospective cohort
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 106:4, s. 267-272
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To investigate if marital status is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to explore the potential influence of leucocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of biological ageing, on such association.DESIGN: Population-based prospective cohort study SETTINGS: Swedish Twin Registry.PARTICIPANTS: Based on the Screening Across the Lifespan Twin Study from the Swedish Twin Registry, we included 10 058 twins born between 1900 and 1958 who underwent an interview between 1998 and 2002 during which information about marital status was collected. Blood samples from these participants were subsequently collected between 2004 and 2008 and used for LTL assessment using quantitative PCR technique.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incident cases of CVD were identified through the Swedish Patient Register and Causes of Death Register through December 31, 2016. Multivariable linear regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the regression coefficients (βs) and HRs with 95% CIs respectively. Potential confounders included age, sex, educational attainment and body mass index.RESULTS: A total of 2010 participants were diagnosed with CVD during a median follow-up of 9.8 years. LTL was shorter among individuals living singly, including those who were divorced or separated (β:-0.014, 95% CI: -0.035, 0.007), widowed (β:-0.035, 95% CI: -0.061, -0.010), or living alone (β:-0.033, 95% CI: -0.052, -0.014), than individuals who were married or cohabitating. One SD increase of LTL was associated with a lower risk of CVD (HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.93). Individuals who were divorced or separated, widowed, or living alone had a higher risk of CVD than individuals who were married or cohabitating. The summary HR of CVD was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.35) when comparing individuals who were living singly, regardless of reason, with the individuals who were married or cohabitating. LTL appeared to mediate little of the association between marital status and CVD (HR additionally adjusted for LTL: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.34).CONCLUSIONS: Living singly, regardless of reason, was associated with a shorter LTL and a higher risk of CVD. The association between marital status and CVD was however not greatly attributable to telomere shortening.
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49.
  • Chen, Ruoqing, et al. (författare)
  • Parental cancer diagnosis and child mortality : a population-based cohort study in Sweden
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology. - Stockholm : American Diabetes Association. - 1877-7821 .- 1877-783X. ; 39:1, s. 79-85
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Cancer diagnosis is known to induce severe psychological stress for the diagnosed patients; however, how it affects the next-of-kin is less well documented. This study aimed to assess the impact of parental cancer on the risk of childhood death.Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted using the Swedish national registries, including 2,871,242 children followed during the period of 1991-2009. Parental cancer diagnosis was defined as a time-varying exposure. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) as an estimate of the association between parental cancer and childhood mortality. We adjusted for attained age, sex, gestational age, mode of delivery and birth weight of the child, maternal age at child's birth, as well as educational level and socioeconomic classification of the parents in the analyses.Results: Among 113,555 children with parental cancer, 127 deaths occurred during 561,198 person-years of follow-up. A parental cancer diagnosis was associated with an increased rate of death among children at the age of 1-18 (HR for all-cause death: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.16-1.66). For young children (aged 112), an increased rate was only noted for death due to cancer (HR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.13-3.75) after parental cancer diagnosis. Among adolescents (aged 13-18), an increased rate was noted for all-cause death (HR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.25-1.86), and for both non-cancer-related (HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14-1.79) and cancer-related (HR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.33-3.24) death in the exposed children.Conclusion: Children have an increased rate of death if they have a parent diagnosed with cancer as compared to children without such experience; this association appears to be slightly stronger among adolescents. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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50.
  • Chen, Ruoqing, et al. (författare)
  • Psychiatric disorders among children of parents with cancer : a Swedish register-based matched cohort study
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Psycho-Oncology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 27:7, s. 1854-1860
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk of psychiatric disorders among children of parents with cancer in a nationwide population-based setting.METHODS: Based on Swedish national registers, the study included 101,339 children with parental cancer diagnosed either during pregnancy (N=1,047) or after birth (N=100,292) that were born during 1983-2000. For each exposed child, we randomly selected 10 unexposed children from the general population after individual matching by year of birth and sex. The matched cohort was followed during 2001-2010. Clinical diagnoses of psychiatric disorders and use of prescribed psychiatric medications were identified for all children. Cox regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate the associations of parental cancer with psychiatric disorder diagnosis and psychiatric medication use respectively.RESULTS: Parental cancer during pregnancy was not associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders overall, although paternal cancer during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of psychiatric medication use among females. Parental cancer after birth was associated with higher risks of psychiatric disorder diagnoses, particularly stress reaction and adjustment disorders (males:hazard ratio[HR]:1.24, 95% confidence interval[CI]:1.08-1.43; females:HR:1.27, 95%CI:1.14-1.41), and use of psychiatric medication (males:odds ratio[OR]:1.09, 95%CI:1.04-1.13;females:OR:1.14, 95%CI:1.10-1.18). The positive associations were stronger for parental cancer with poor expected survival and for parental death after cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: Parental cancer, primarily the life-threatening cancer, might confer a higher risk of psychiatric disorders among children. These findings have potential implications for healthcare professionals in providing targeted support to children living with a parent with cancer.
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