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- Fantin, Nicholas J., et al.
(författare)
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The Canada-France Imaging Survey : Reconstructing the Milky Way Star Formation History from Its White Dwarf Population
- 2019
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 887:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the remnants of stars with initial masses less than or similar to 8M(circle dot), white dwarfs contain valuable information on the formation histories of stellar populations. In this paper, we use deep, high-quality, u-band photometry from the Canada-France Imaging Survey, griz photometry from Pan-STARRS1, as well as proper motions from Gaia DR2, to select 25,156 white dwarf candidates over similar to 4500 deg(2) using a reduced proper motion diagram. We develop a new white dwarf population synthesis code that returns mock observations of the Galactic field white dwarf population for a given star formation history, while simultaneously taking into account the geometry of the Milky Way (MW), survey parameters, and selection effects. We use this model to derive the star formation histories of the thin disk, thick disk, and stellar halo. Our results show that the MW disk began forming stars (11.3 +/- 0.5) Gyr ago, with a peak rate of (8.8 +/- 1.4) M-circle dot yr(-1) at (9.8 +/- 0.4) Gyr, before a slow decline to a constant rate until the present day-consistent with recent results suggesting a merging event with a satellite galaxy. Studying the residuals between the data and best-fit model shows evidence for a slight increase in star formation over the past 3 Gyr. We fit the local fraction of helium-atmosphere white dwarfs to be (21 +/- 3)%. Incorporating this methodology with data from future wide-field surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Euclid, The Cosmological Advanced Survey Telescope for Optical and ultraviolet Research, and the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope should provide an unprecedented view into the formation of the MW at its earliest epoch through its white dwarfs.
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| 3. |
- Fantin, F, et al.
(författare)
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The Importance of Nutrition in Hypertension
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Arterial hypertension (AH) is considered to be one of the most relevant cardiovascular risk factors, and its wide prevalence in all age ranges makes it necessary to analyse all the possible causes and treatments. In this special issue, nutritional interventions are examined either as causes or as treatments of AH. [...]
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| 6. |
- Fantin, F, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired subendocardial perfusion in patients with metabolic syndrome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetes & vascular disease research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1752-8984 .- 1479-1641. ; 18:6, s. 14791641211047135-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is associated to vascular damage, increased arterial stiffness, and impaired myocardial perfusion. Subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) is a noninvasive estimation of myocardial workload, oxygen supply, and perfusion. The aim of the study was to describe the relation between arterial stiffness, SEVR, and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Methods A cohort of 55 patients, aged 59.9 ± 10.8 years, was studied; 28 subjects (50.9%) had metabolic syndrome. All patients underwent a clinical evaluation and blood venous sampling, to assess glico-lipid profile. Applanation tonometry was performed, to obtain pulse wave analysis and SEVR values. Results In the overall study population, SEVR showed negative associations with mean (r = −0.301; p = 0.026) and systolic (borderline relation, r = −0.257; p = 0.058) arterial pressure. Metabolic syndrome patients presented lower level of SEVR ( p = 0.012), even after adjusting for age, sex, and mean arterial pressure ( p = 0.040). Subdividing the study population by the number of metabolic syndrome components, SEVR significantly decreased as the number of Metabolic Syndrome components increased ( p for trend 0.005). In a logistic backward regression analysis, both metabolic syndrome and mean arterial pressure resulted significant predictors of SEVR, accounting for 18% of variance. Conclusion The reduced SEVR in metabolic syndrome patients could be an important pathophysiological determinant of the increased cardiovascular risk.
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| 7. |
- Fantin, F, et al.
(författare)
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Weight Loss and Hypertension in Obese Subjects
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arterial hypertension is strongly related to overweight and obesity. In obese subjects, several mechanisms may lead to hypertension such as insulin and leptin resistance, perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction, renal impairment, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system activation and sympathetic nervous system activity. Weight loss (WL) seems to have positive effects on blood pressure (BP). The aim of this review was to explain the mechanisms linking obesity and hypertension and to evaluate the main studies assessing the effect of WL on BP. We analysed studies published in the last 10 years (13 studies either interventional or observational) showing the effect of WL on BP. Different WL strategies were taken into account—diet and lifestyle modification, pharmacological intervention and bariatric surgery. Although a positive effect of WL could be identified in each study, the main difference seems to be the magnitude and the durability of BP reduction over time. Nevertheless, further follow-up data are needed: there is still a lack of evidence about long term effects of WL on hypertension. Hence, given the significant results obtained in several recent studies, weight management should always be pursued in obese patients with hypertension.
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