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| 4. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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- Gerotziafas, GT, et al.
(författare)
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Guidance for the Management of Patients with Vascular Disease or Cardiovascular Risk Factors and COVID-19: Position Paper from VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine
- 2020
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and haemostasis. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 2567-689X .- 0340-6245. ; 120:12, s. 1597-1628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- COVID-19 is also manifested with hypercoagulability, pulmonary intravascular coagulation, microangiopathy, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) or arterial thrombosis. Predisposing risk factors to severe COVID-19 are male sex, underlying cardiovascular disease, or cardiovascular risk factors including noncontrolled diabetes mellitus or arterial hypertension, obesity, and advanced age. The VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine draws attention to patients with vascular disease (VD) and presents an integral strategy for the management of patients with VD or cardiovascular risk factors (VD-CVR) and COVID-19. VAS recommends (1) a COVID-19-oriented primary health care network for patients with VD-CVR for identification of patients with VD-CVR in the community and patients' education for disease symptoms, use of eHealth technology, adherence to the antithrombotic and vascular regulating treatments, and (2) close medical follow-up for efficacious control of VD progression and prompt application of physical and social distancing measures in case of new epidemic waves. For patients with VD-CVR who receive home treatment for COVID-19, VAS recommends assessment for (1) disease worsening risk and prioritized hospitalization of those at high risk and (2) VTE risk assessment and thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban, betrixaban, or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for those at high risk. For hospitalized patients with VD-CVR and COVID-19, VAS recommends (1) routine thromboprophylaxis with weight-adjusted intermediate doses of LMWH (unless contraindication); (2) LMWH as the drug of choice over unfractionated heparin or direct oral anticoagulants for the treatment of VTE or hypercoagulability; (3) careful evaluation of the risk for disease worsening and prompt application of targeted antiviral or convalescence treatments; (4) monitoring of D-dimer for optimization of the antithrombotic treatment; and (5) evaluation of the risk of VTE before hospital discharge using the IMPROVE-D-dimer score and prolonged post-discharge thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban, betrixaban, or LMWH.
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| 9. |
- Veer, IM, et al.
(författare)
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Psycho-social factors associated with mental resilience in the Corona lockdown
- 2021
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Ingår i: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 11:1, s. 67-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is not only a threat to physical health but is also having severe impacts on mental health. Although increases in stress-related symptomatology and other adverse psycho-social outcomes, as well as their most important risk factors have been described, hardly anything is known about potential protective factors. Resilience refers to the maintenance of mental health despite adversity. To gain mechanistic insights about the relationship between described psycho-social resilience factors and resilience specifically in the current crisis, we assessed resilience factors, exposure to Corona crisis-specific and general stressors, as well as internalizing symptoms in a cross-sectional online survey conducted in 24 languages during the most intense phase of the lockdown in Europe (22 March to 19 April) in a convenience sample of N = 15,970 adults. Resilience, as an outcome, was conceptualized as good mental health despite stressor exposure and measured as the inverse residual between actual and predicted symptom total score. Preregistered hypotheses (osf.io/r6btn) were tested with multiple regression models and mediation analyses. Results confirmed our primary hypothesis that positive appraisal style (PAS) is positively associated with resilience (p < 0.0001). The resilience factor PAS also partly mediated the positive association between perceived social support and resilience, and its association with resilience was in turn partly mediated by the ability to easily recover from stress (both p < 0.0001). In comparison with other resilience factors, good stress response recovery and positive appraisal specifically of the consequences of the Corona crisis were the strongest factors. Preregistered exploratory subgroup analyses (osf.io/thka9) showed that all tested resilience factors generalize across major socio-demographic categories. This research identifies modifiable protective factors that can be targeted by public mental health efforts in this and in future pandemics.
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| 10. |
- Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
- 2018
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Ingår i: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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| 13. |
- Abolhassani, H, et al.
(författare)
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Care of patients with inborn errors of immunity in thirty J Project countries between 2004 and 2021
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 13, s. 1032358-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The J Project (JP) physician education and clinical research collaboration program was started in 2004 and includes by now 32 countries mostly in Eastern and Central Europe (ECE). Until the end of 2021, 344 inborn errors of immunity (IEI)-focused meetings were organized by the JP to raise awareness and facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of patients with IEI.ResultsIn this study, meeting profiles and major diagnostic and treatment parameters were studied. JP center leaders reported patients’ data from 30 countries representing a total population of 506 567 565. Two countries reported patients from JP centers (Konya, Turkey and Cairo University, Egypt). Diagnostic criteria were based on the 2020 update of classification by the IUIS Expert Committee on IEI. The number of JP meetings increased from 6 per year in 2004 and 2005 to 44 and 63 in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The cumulative number of meetings per country varied from 1 to 59 in various countries reflecting partly but not entirely the population of the respective countries. Altogether, 24,879 patients were reported giving an average prevalence of 4.9. Most of the patients had predominantly antibody deficiency (46,32%) followed by patients with combined immunodeficiencies (14.3%). The percentages of patients with bone marrow failure and phenocopies of IEI were less than 1 each. The number of patients was remarkably higher that those reported to the ESID Registry in 13 countries. Immunoglobulin (IgG) substitution was provided to 7,572 patients (5,693 intravenously) and 1,480 patients received hematopoietic stem cell therapy (HSCT). Searching for basic diagnostic parameters revealed the availability of immunochemistry and flow cytometry in 27 and 28 countries, respectively, and targeted gene sequencing and new generation sequencing was available in 21 and 18 countries. The number of IEI centers and experts in the field were 260 and 690, respectively. We found high correlation between the number of IEI centers and patients treated with intravenous IgG (IVIG) (correlation coefficient, cc, 0,916) and with those who were treated with HSCT (cc, 0,905). Similar correlation was found when the number of experts was compared with those treated with HSCT. However, the number of patients treated with subcutaneous Ig (SCIG) only slightly correlated with the number of experts (cc, 0,489) and no correlation was found between the number of centers and patients on SCIG (cc, 0,174).Conclusions1) this is the first study describing major diagnostic and treatment parameters of IEI care in countries of the JP; 2) the data suggest that the JP had tremendous impact on the development of IEI care in ECE; 3) our data help to define major future targets of JP activity in various countries; 4) we suggest that the number of IEI centers and IEI experts closely correlate to the most important treatment parameters; 5) we propose that specialist education among medical professionals plays pivotal role in increasing levels of diagnostics and adequate care of this vulnerable and still highly neglected patient population; 6) this study also provides the basis for further analysis of more specific aspects of IEI care including genetic diagnostics, disease specific prevalence, newborn screening and professional collaboration in JP countries.
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| 16. |
- Cicardi, M., et al.
(författare)
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Icatibant, a New Bradykinin-Receptor Antagonist, in Hereditary Angioedema
- 2010
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793. ; 363:6, s. 532-541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Hereditary angioedema is characterized by recurrent attacks of angioedema of the skin, larynx, and gastrointestinal tract. Bradykinin is the key mediator of symptoms. Icatibant is a selective bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist. METHODS In two double-blind, randomized, multicenter trials, we evaluated the effect of icatibant in patients with hereditary angioedema presenting with cutaneous or abdominal attacks. In the For Angioedema Subcutaneous Treatment (FAST) 1 trial, patients received either icatibant or placebo; in FAST-2, patients received either icatibant or oral tranexamic acid, at a dose of 3 g daily for 2 days. Icatibant was given once, subcutaneously, at a dose of 30 mg. The primary end point was the median time to clinically significant relief of symptoms. RESULTS A total of 56 and 74 patients underwent randomization in the FAST-1 and FAST-2 trials, respectively. The primary end point was reached in 2.5 hours with icatibant versus 4.6 hours with placebo in the FAST-1 trial (P=0.14) and in 2.0 hours with icatibant versus 12.0 hours with tranexamic acid in the FAST-2 trial (P<0.001). In the FAST-1 study, 3 recipients of icatibant and 13 recipients of placebo needed treatment with rescue medication. The median time to first improvement of symptoms, as assessed by patients and by investigators, was significantly shorter with icatibant in both trials. No icatibant-related serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS In patients with hereditary angioedema having acute attacks, we found a significant benefit of icatibant as compared with tranexamic acid in one trial and a nonsignificant benefit of icatibant as compared with placebo in the other trial with regard to the primary end point. The early use of rescue medication may have obscured the benefit of icatibant in the placebo trial. (Funded by Jerini; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00097695 and NCT00500656.)
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| 20. |
- Farkas, A, et al.
(författare)
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Dithranol upregulates IL-10 receptors on the cultured human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Inflammation Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1023-3830 .- 1420-908X. ; 50:1, s. 44-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Dithranol is highly effective in the treatment of psoriasis, however its mode of action is still not well known. Since interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 are involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of dithranol on interleukin-8, interleukin-10 mRNA production and interleukin-10 receptor expression of the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line which is commonly used in experiments examining the effects of therapeutic drugs on keratinocytes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cultured HaCaT cells were treated with 0.1-0.5 microg/ml dithranol for 30 minutes. After 2 and 4 h total cellular RNA isolated from HaCaT cells was reverse transcribed (RT) to cDNA which was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primer pairs for interleukin-8, interleukin-10 and interleukin-10 receptor. For immunohistochemistry cultured HaCaT cells were stained with a monoclonal antibody against the human interleukin-10 receptor.RESULTS: Our results showed that dithranol treatment did not change the highly elevated level of interleukin-8 mRNA of HaCaT cells. Interleukin-10 mRNA signal with RT-PCR could not be detected in HaCaT cells. Depending on the concentration dithranol increased the mRNA production of interleukin-10 receptors in HaCaT cells. This dithranol induced dose dependent upregulation of IL-10 receptors in HaCaT cells was also observed on the protein level using immunohistochemistry.CONCLUSIONS: Since the interleukin-10 receptor expression of keratinocytes in psoriatic lesional skin is downregulated, the dithranol induced upregulation of the receptor in our model system might help to reveal the therapeutic action of the drug.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Kotmayer, L, et al.
(författare)
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Landscape of BCL2 Resistance Mutations in a Real-World Cohort of Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated with Venetoclax
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of molecular sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067. ; 24:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The oral, highly selective Bcl2 inhibitor venetoclax has substantially improved the therapeutic landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Despite the remarkable response rates in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease, acquired resistance is the leading cause of treatment failure, with somatic BCL2 mutations being the predominant genetic drivers underpinning venetoclax resistance. To assess the correlation between disease progression and the most common BCL2 mutations G101V and D103Y, sensitive (10−4) screening for the most common BCL2 mutations G101V and D103Y was performed in 67 R/R CLL patients during venetoclax single-agent or venetoclax–rituximab combination therapy. With a median follow-up time of 23 months, BCL2 G101V and D103Y were detected in 10.4% (7/67) and 11.9% (8/67) of the cases, respectively, with four patients harboring both resistance mutations. Ten out of eleven patients carrying BCL2 G101V and/or D103Y experienced relapse during the follow-up period, representing 43.5% of the cases (10/23) showing clinical signs of disease progression. All BCL2 G101V or D103Y variants were detected in patients receiving venetoclax as a continuous single-agent treatment while these mutations were not observed during or after fixed-duration venetoclax therapy. Targeted ultra-deep sequencing of BCL2 uncovered three additional variants in four patient samples obtained at relapse, suggesting convergent evolution and implying a cooperating role of BCL2 mutations in driving venetoclax resistance. This cohort is the largest R/R CLL patient population reported to date in which BCL2 resistance mutations were investigated. Our study demonstrates the feasibility and clinical value of sensitive screening for BCL2 resistance mutations in R/R CLL.
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| 23. |
- Redaa, A., et al.
(författare)
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Testing Nano-Powder and Fused-Glass Mineral Reference Materials for In Situ Rb-Sr Dating of Glauconite, Phlogopite, Biotite and Feldspar via LA-ICP-MS/MS
- 2023
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Ingår i: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research. - : Wiley. - 1639-4488 .- 1751-908X. ; 47:1, s. 23-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reference materials (RMs) with well-characterised composition are necessary for reliable quantification and quality control of isotopic analyses of geological samples. For in situ Rb-Sr analysis of silicate minerals via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS/MS) with a collision/reaction cell, there is a general lack of mineral-specific and matrix-matched RMs, which limits wider application of this new laser-based dating technique to certain minerals. In this work, pressed nano-powder pellets (NP) of four RMs, GL-O (glauconite), Mica-Mg (phlogopite), Mica-Fe (biotite) and FK-N (K-feldspar), were analysed and tested for in situ Rb-Sr dating, complemented by isotope dilution (ID) MC-ICP-MS Rb-Sr analyses of GL-O and Mica-Mg. In addition, we attempted to develop alternative flux-free and fused 'mineral glasses' from the above RMs for in situ Rb-Sr dating applications. Overall, the results of this study showed that among the above RMs only two NP (Mica-Mg-NP and GL-O-NP) were suitable and robust for in situ dating applications. These two nano-powder reference materials, Mica-Mg-NP and GL-O-NP, were thus used as primary RMs to normalise and determine Rb-Sr ages for three natural minerals: MDC phlogopite and GL-O glauconite grains, and also Mica-Fe-NP (biotite). Our in situ analyses of the above RMs yielded Rb-Sr ages that are in good agreement (within 8%) of published ages, which suggests that both Mica-Mg-NP and GL-O-NP are suitable RMs for in situ Rb-Sr dating of phlogopite, glauconite and biotite. However, using secondary RMs is recommended to monitor the quality of the obtained ages.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Kohl, S, et al.
(författare)
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CNGB3 mutations account for 50% of all cases with autosomal recessive achromatopsia
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5438 .- 1018-4813. ; 13:3, s. 302-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Achromatopsia is a congenital, autosomal recessively inherited disorder characterized by a lack of color discrimination, low visual acuity (<0.2), photophobia, and nystagmus. Mutations in the genes for CNGA3, CNGB3, and GNAT2 have been associated with this disorder. Here, we analyzed the spectrum and prevalence of CNGB3 gene mutations in a cohort of 341 independent patients with achromatopsia. In 163 patients, CNGB3 mutations could be identified. A total of 105 achromats carried apparent homozygous mutations, 44 were compound (double) heterozygotes, and 14 patients had only a single mutant allele. The derived CNGB3 mutation spectrum comprises 28 different mutations including 12 nonsense mutations, eight insertions and/or deletions, five putative splice site mutations, and three missense mutations. Thus, the majority of mutations in the CNGB3 gene result in significantly altered and/or truncated polypeptides. Several mutations were found recurrently, in particular a 1 bp deletion, c.1148delC, which accounts for over 70% of all CNGB3 mutant alleles. In conclusion, mutations in the CNGB3 gene are responsible for approximately 50% of all patients with achromatopsia. This indicates that the CNGB3/ACHM3 locus on chromosome 8q21 is the major locus for achromatopsia in patients of European origin or descent.
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| 29. |
- Gambadauro, Pietro, et al.
(författare)
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Correlates of sexual initiation among European adolescents
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSexuality is a physiological component of adolescent development, though early initiation is associated with reproductive health risk. This study aimed at identifying correlates and predictors of sexual initiation in a large multinational cohort of European adolescents.MethodsA questionnaire addressing socio-demographics, behaviours, mental health and sexual activity, was delivered to 11,110 adolescents recruited from 168 randomly selected schools in 10 European countries between 2009 and 2011. A follow-up questionnaire was delivered after 12 months. The longitudinal association of baseline risk behaviors, psychological attributes and contextual vulnerabilities, with sexual initiation during follow-up was evaluated through simple and multivariable age/sex stratified logistic regression. Multinomial logistic regression measured the association between predictors and sexual initiation with or without coexisting reproductive risk factors, such as multiple partners or infrequent condom use.ResultsBaseline sexual experience was reported by 19.2% of 10,757 respondents (median age 15; IQR 14–15; females 59.6%). This was significantly more frequent among pupils older than 15 (41%) and males (20.8%). Of 7,111 pupils without previous experience who were available at follow-up (response rate 81.8%), 17% reported sexual initiation, without differences between females and males. Baseline smoking (age/sex adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.63), alcohol use (aOR 2.95), illegal drugs use (aOR 2.72), and poor sleep (aOR 1.71) predicted sexual initiation. Stratified analyses showed a particularly strong association in case of younger and female pupils, and, among girls, when initiation was reported together with multiple partners and/or infrequent condom use. Externalizing (i.e. conduct and hyperactivity) symptoms independently predicted sexual initiation. Internalizing difficulties (i.e. emotional and peer problems) were negatively associated with early and risky sexual initiation among boys. Significant predictors included also being bullied, fighting, truancy, and low parental involvement.ConclusionsAdolescent sexual behaviours are related to non-sexual risk behaviours, psychological difficulties and contextual vulnerabilities. While gateway effects explain some associations, a comprehensive model is needed to understand adolescent sexual behaviours, their physical, mental, and social health outcomes, and their potential positive effects on wellbeing. Tailored interventions may need to consider younger girls as a particularly vulnerable group in view of a strong association between non-sexual and sexual behaviors.
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| 35. |
- Lima, LE, et al.
(författare)
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A multicenter initial clinical experience with right heart support and beating heart coronary surgery
- 2001
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Ingår i: Heart Surgery Forum. - 1098-3511 .- 1522-6662. ; 4:1, s. 61-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: During coronary surgery without CPB, exposure of posterior vessel via sternotomy can cause deterioration of cardiac hemodynamics requiring inotrope drugs support. Recent animal experiments demonstrate hemodynamic benefit of right heart support (RHS) with the AMED system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic effects during cardiac manipulation to expose the posterior coronary arteries, and determine the effect of RHS in restoring hemodynamics, increasing anastomotic exposure and reducing inotropic requirements. Material and Methods: From July 28 to December 29, 32 patients (25 men/ 7 women), mean age of 63.4 (+/- 6.2 years, ages: 49 - 78) received coronary revascularization with the A-Med RHS device. They were divided into two groups of 16 patients, A and B. Group A patients had at least one circumflex branch bypassed. The anterior wall was systematically bypassed off-pump without RHS. The right coronary artery (RCA) and the obtuse coronary artery (OM) were completed utilizing RHS. In group B patients, all vessels including anterior vessels were bypassed with the RHS. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), cardiac output (CO) and the average pump flow (APF) were recorded during the OM and RCA bypass for group A, and for group B LAD data was also recorded. Results: Elective beating heart coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) was successfully accomplished in 32 patients with RHS. Data measurements recorded in Group A showed the improved hemodynamic recovery for OM and RCA bypass with RHS. The MAP increased from 44 to 68mmHg (OM) and from 63 to 81mmHg (RCA), the CO from 2.1 to 4.4 L/min (OM) and from 3.3 to 4.7 L/min (RCA). In group B, the data recorded showed the stability of the MAP in all vessels bypassed (LAD, OM and RCA). No device-related patient incidents ocurred. All 32 patients were discharged to their homes. Conclusons: The AMED system, as RHS support, facilitated coronary bypass without CPB to posterior vessels, restoring hemodynamics, providing better exposure to anastomotic sites and apparently reducing inotropes need. Prospective randomize trials are necessary to confirm this initial experience.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Minamisawa, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of a n+3C/n-4H SiC heterojunction diode
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 108:14, s. 143502-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the fabrication of n+3C/n-4H SiC heterojunction diodes (HJDs) potentially promising the ultimate thermal stability of the junction. The diodes were systematically analyzed by TEM, X-ray diffraction, AFM, and secondary ion mass spectroscopy, indicating the formation of epitaxial 3C-SiC crystal on top of 4H-SiC substrate with continuous interface, low surface roughness, and up to similar to 7 x 10(17) cm(-3) dopant impurity concentration. The conduction band off-set is about 1 V as extracted from CV measurements, while the valence bands of both SiC polytypes are aligned. The HJDs feature opening voltage of 1.65 V, consistent with the barrier height of about 1.5 eV extracted from CV measurement. We finally compare the electrical results of the n+3C/n-4H SiC heterojunction diodes with those featuring Si and Ge doped anodes in order to evaluate current challenges involved in the fabrication of such devices. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.
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| 38. |
- Redaa, A., et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of elemental fractionation and matrix effects during in situ Rb-Sr dating of phlogopite by LA-ICP-MS/MS: implications for the accuracy and precision of mineral ages
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0267-9477 .- 1364-5544. ; 36:2, s. 322-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser-ablation inductively-coupled plasma tandem mass-spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS/MS) allows for rapid and interference free analyses of Rb and Sr isotopes, permitting in situ Rb-Sr dating of minerals. However, the general lack of matrix matched reference materials remains one of its main obstacles, affecting both precision and accuracy. This study systematically investigates the impact of matrix effects and down-hole fractionation (DHF) on the in situ Rb-Sr ages of an igneous phlogopite mineral (MDC) analysed by an ICP-MS/MS using two different LA systems: (i) a RESOlution ArF (193 nm) excimer and (ii) a NWR (213 nm) Nd-YAG laser system. A phlogopite reference material (Mica-Mg), originating from the same location as the MDC, was prepared as a pressed nano-powder pellet (NP) and used in this study as a primary reference material. The results revealed that the accuracy of the Rb-Sr ages is typically within about 3% (for 70% of analysed samples), but occasionally higher ranging between 4 to 8% (ca. 30% of cases). We hypothesize that the above bias and uncertainty in the Rb-Sr ages are related to matrix effects between Mica-Mg-NP and MDC, due to their specific ablation characteristics and different physical properties. In addition, the elemental fractionation effects observed in this study for Rb-87/Sr-86 are also dependent on laser wavelength (i.e., 193 nm vs. 213 nm). Hence, developing an improved nano-powder reference material, or a mineral or glass with better matrix matching to natural phlogopite minerals would be desirable to further improve the accuracy of in situ Rb-Sr dating. Currently, regular monitoring of secondary and matrix-matched reference minerals such as the MDC phlogopite can be used to assess and evaluate the accuracy of in situ Rb-Sr dating of phlogopite, yielding ages within accuracy of ca. 3% or better.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Subarkah, D., et al.
(författare)
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Unraveling the histories of Proterozoic shales through in situ Rb-Sr dating and trace element laser ablation analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Geology. - : Geological Society of America. - 0091-7613 .- 1943-2682. ; 50:1, s. 66-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Authigenic components in marine sediments are important archives for past environment reconstructions. However, defining reliable age constraints and assessing the effects of post depositional overprints in Precambrian sequences are challenging. We demonstrate a new laser-based analytical approach that has the potential to rapidly and accurately evaluate the depositional and alteration histories of Proterozoic shales. Our study employs a novel application of in situ Rb-Sr dating coupled with simultaneous trace-element analysis using reaction-cell laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS/MS). We present results from shales sourced from two wells in the Proterozoic McArthur Basin, northern Australia. These rocks have been widely used by previous studies as a key section for ancient biogeochemical and paleo-redox reconstructions. Shales from well UR5 yielded initial Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios, Rb-Sr ages, and rare earth element plus yttrium (REEY) patterns similar to those of a dolerite sampled from the same core. We propose that the UR5 samples chronicle hydrothermal alteration instigated by the dolerite intrusion. In contrast, a correlative shale from well UR6 yielded an age consistent with the expected depositional age (1577 +/- 56 Ma) with REEY and initial Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios similar to ca. 1.5 Ga seawater. We suggest that this sample records the minimum depositional age and early marine diagenetic history for this unit. This new technique can date Proterozoic shales quickly, cheaply, and with minimum sample preparation. Importantly, ages are triaged to differentiate between those recording primary marine versus secondary processes. This novel approach provides a potentially powerful tool for dating and fingerprinting the vast array of ancient marine shales for further studies of Earth systems through deep time.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Aguilar, Edgar A., et al.
(författare)
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Certifying an Irreducible 1024-Dimensional Photonic State Using Refined Dimension Witnesses
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 120:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a new class of dimension witnesses, based on quantum random access codes, which are a function of the recorded statistics and that have different bounds for all possible decompositions of a high-dimensional physical system. Thus, it certifies the dimension of the system and has the new distinct feature of identifying whether the high-dimensional system is decomposable in terms of lower dimensional subsystems. To demonstrate the practicability of this technique, we used it to experimentally certify the generation of an irreducible 1024-dimensional photonic quantum state. Therefore, certifying that the state is not multipartite or encoded using noncoupled different degrees of freedom of a single photon. Our protocol should find applications in a broad class of modern quantum information experiments addressing the generation of high-dimensional quantum systems, where quantum tomography may become intractable.
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| 44. |
- Appi, E., et al.
(författare)
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Two phase-matching regimes in high-order harmonic generation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 31:20, s. 31687-31697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-order harmonic generation (HHG) provides scalable sources of coherent extreme ultraviolet radiation with pulse duration down to the attosecond time scale. Efficient HHG requires the constructive interplay between microscopic and macroscopic effects in the generation volume, which can be achieved over a large range of experimental parameters from the driving field properties to those of the generating medium. Here, we present a systematic study of the harmonic yield as a function of gas pressure and medium length. Two regimes for optimum yield are identified, supporting the predictions of a recently proposed analytical model. Our observations are independent on the focusing geometry and, to a large extent, on the pulse duration and laser intensity, providing a versatile approach to HHG optimization.
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| 45. |
- Baldermann, A., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of green clay authigenesis on element sequestration in marine settings
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Retrograde clay mineral reactions (reverse weathering), including glauconite formation, are first-order controls on element sequestration in marine sediments. Here, we report substantial element sequestration by glauconite formation in shallow marine settings from the Triassic to the Holocene, averaging 3 +/- 2 mmol.cm(-2).kyr(-1) for K, Mg and Al, 16 +/- 9 mmol.cm(-2).kyr(-1) for Si and 6 +/- 3 mmol.cm(-2).kyr(-1) for Fe, which is similar to 2 orders of magnitude higher than estimates for deep-sea settings. Upscaling of glauconite abundances in shallow-water (0-200 m) environments predicts a present-day global uptake of similar to <= 0.1 Tmol.yr(-1) of K, Mg and Al, and similar to 0.1-0.4 Tmol.yr(-1) of Fe and Si, which is similar to half of the estimated Mesozoic elemental flux. Clay mineral authigenesis had a large impact on the global marine element cycles throughout Earth's history, in particular during 'greenhouse' periods with sea level highstand, and is key for better understanding past and present geochemical cycling in marine sediments.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Dagnegård, H.H., et al.
(författare)
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Survival after aortic root replacement with a stentless xenograft is determined by patient characteristics
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Mosby Inc.; Elsevier Inc.. - 0022-5223 .- 1097-685X. ; 164:6, s. 1712-1724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Our objective was to examine intermediate-term survival and reinterventions in unselected patients, stratified according to indication, who received a Freestyle (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, Minn) bioprosthesis as a full aortic root replacement. Methods: Data from medical records were retrospectively collected for patients who had aortic root replacement using Freestyle bioprostheses between 1999 and 2018 at 6 North-Atlantic centers. Survival status was extracted from national registries and results stratified according to indication for surgery. Results: We included 1030 implantations in 1008 patients with elective indications for surgery: aneurysm (39.8%), small root (8.3%), and other (13.8%), and urgent/emergent indications: endocarditis (26.7%) and Stanford type A aortic dissection (11.4%). Across indications, 46.3% were nonelective cases and 34.0% were reoperations. Median age was 66.0 (interquartile range, 58.0-71.8) years and median follow-up was 5.0 (interquartile range, 2.6-7.9) years. Thirty-day mortality varied from 2.9% to 27.4% depending on indication. Intermediate survival for 90-day survivors with elective indications were not different from the general population standardized for age and sex (P = .95, 83, and .16 for aneurysms, small roots, and other, respectively). In contrast, patients with endocarditis and type A dissection had excess mortality (P < .001). Freedom from valve reinterventions was 95.0% and 94.4% at 5 and 8 years, respectively. In all, 52 patients (5.2%) underwent reinterventions, most because of endocarditis. Conclusions: At intermediate term follow-up this retrospective study provides further support for the use of the Freestyle bioprosthesis in the real-world setting of diverse, complex, and often high-risk aortic root replacement and suggests that outcome is determined by patient and disease, rather than by prosthesis, characteristics. © 2021 The Authors
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| 49. |
- Estrada-Peña, A., et al.
(författare)
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Association of environmental traits with the geographic ranges of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) of medical and veterinary importance in the western Palearctic : a digital data set
- 2013
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Ingår i: Experimental & applied acarology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-8162 .- 1572-9702. ; 59:3, s. 351-366
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compiled information on the distribution of ticks in the western Palearctic (11°W, 45°E; 29°N, 71°N), published during 1970-2010. The literature search was filtered by the tick's species name and an unambiguous reference to the point of capture. Records from some curated collections were included. We focused on tick species of importance to human and animal health, in particular: Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor marginatus, D. reticulatus, Haemaphysalis punctata, H. sulcata, Hyalomma marginatum, Hy. lusitanicum, Rhipicephalus annulatus, R. bursa, and the R. sanguineus group. A few records of other species (I. canisuga, I. hexagonus, Hy. impeltatum, Hy. anatolicum, Hy. excavatum, Hy. scupense) were also included. A total of 10,280 records was included in the data set. Almost 42 % of published references are not adequately referenced (and not included in the data set), host is reported for only 61 % of records and a reference to time of collection is missed for 84 % of published records. Ixodes ricinus accounted for 44.3 % of total records, with H. marginatum and D. marginatus accounting for 7.1 and 8.1 % of records, respectively. The lack of homogeneity of the references and potential pitfalls in the compilation were addressed to create a digital data set of the records of the ticks. We attached to every record a coherent set of quantitative descriptors for the site of reporting, namely gridded interpolated monthly climate and remotely sensed data on vegetation (NDVI). We also attached categorical descriptors of the habitat: a standard classification of land biomes and an ad hoc classification of the target territory from remotely sensed temperature and NDVI data. A descriptive analysis of the data revealed that a principal components reduction of the environmental (temperature and NDVI) variables described the distribution of the species in the target territory. However, categorical descriptors of the habitat were less effective. We stressed the importance of building reliable collections of ticks with specific references as to collection point, host and date of capture. The data set is freely downloadable.
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| 50. |
- Farkas, B., et al.
(författare)
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Optical, compositional and structural properties of pulsed laser deposited nitrogen-doped Titanium-dioxide
- 2018
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 433, s. 149-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- N-doped TiO2 thin films were prepared using pulsed laser deposition by ablating metallic Ti target with pulses of 248 nm wavelength, at 330 °C substrate temperature in reactive atmospheres of N2/O2 gas mixtures. These films were characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Optical properties are presented as a function of the N2 content in the processing gas mixture and correlated to nitrogen incorporation into the deposited layers. The optical band gap values decreased with increasing N concentration in the films, while a monotonically increasing tendency and a maximum can be observed in case of extinction coefficient and refractive index, respectively. It is also shown that the amount of substitutional N can be increased up to 7.7 at.%, but the higher dopant concentration inhibits the crystallization of the samples.
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