| 1. |
- Ning, Yujie, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative analysis of the gut microbiota composition between knee osteoarthritis and Kashin-Beck disease in Northwest China
- 2022
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : BioMed Central. - 1478-6362. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) both are two severe osteochondral disorders. In this study, we aimed to compare the gut microbiota structure between OA and KBD patients.Methods: Fecal samples collected from OA and KBD patients were used to characterize the gut microbiota using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. To identify whether gut microbial changes at the species level are associated with the genes or functions of the gut bacteria between OA and KBD groups, metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples from OA and KBD subjects was performed.Results: The OA group was characterized by elevated Epsilonbacteraeota and Firmicutes levels. A total of 52 genera were identified to be significantly differentially abundant between the two groups. The genera Raoultella, Citrobacter, Flavonifractor, g__Lachnospiraceae_UCG-004, and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia were more abundant in the OA group. The KBD group was characterized by higher Prevotella_9, Lactobacillus, Coprococcus_2, Senegalimassilia, and Holdemanella. The metagenomic sequencing showed that the Subdoligranulum_sp._APC924/74, Streptococcus_parasanguinis, and Streptococcus_salivarius were significantly increased in abundance in the OA group compared to those in the KBD group, and the species Prevotella_copri, Prevotella_sp._CAG:386, and Prevotella_stercorea were significantly decreased in abundance in the OA group compared to those in the KBD group by using metagenomic sequencing.Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive landscape of the gut microbiota between OA and KBD patients and provides clues for better understanding the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of OA and KBD.
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| 2. |
- Ning, Yujie, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Variants and Protein Alterations of Selenium- and T-2 Toxin-Responsive Genes Are Associated With Chondrocytic Damage in Endemic Osteoarthropathy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Genetics. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-8021. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanism of environmental factors in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) remains unknown. We aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and protein alterations of selenium- and T-2 toxin-responsive genes to provide new evidence of chondrocytic damage in KBD. This study sampled the cubital venous blood of 258 subjects including 129 sex-matched KBD patients and 129 healthy controls for SNP detection. We applied an additive model, a dominant model, and a recessive model to identify significant SNPs. We then used the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) to select selenium- and T-2 toxin-responsive genes with the candidate SNP loci. Finally, immunohistochemistry was applied to verify the protein expression of candidate genes in knee cartilage obtained from 15 subjects including 5 KBD, 5 osteoarthritis (OA), and 5 healthy controls. Forty-nine SNPs were genotyped in the current study. The C allele of rs6494629 was less frequent in KBD than in the controls (OR = 0.63, p = 0.011). Based on the CTD database, PPARG, ADAM12, IL6, SMAD3, and TIMP2 were identified to interact with selenium, sodium selenite, and T-2 toxin. KBD was found to be significantly associated with rs12629751 of PPARG (additive model: OR = 0.46, p = 0.012; dominant model: OR = 0.45, p = 0.049; recessive model: OR = 0.18, p = 0.018), rs1871054 of ADAM12 (dominant model: OR = 2.19, p = 0.022), rs1800796 of IL6 (dominant model: OR = 0.30, p = 0.003), rs6494629 of SMAD3 (additive model: OR = 0.65, p = 0.019; dominant model: OR = 0.52, p = 0.012), and rs4789936 of TIMP2 (recessive model: OR = 5.90, p = 0.024). Immunohistochemistry verified significantly upregulated PPARG, ADAM12, SMAD3, and TIMP2 in KBD compared with OA and normal controls (p < 0.05). Genetic polymorphisms of PPARG, ADAM12, SMAD3, and TIMP2 may contribute to the risk of KBD. These genes could promote the pathogenesis of KBD by disturbing ECM homeostasis.
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| 3. |
- Butler, Eadaoin M., et al.
(författare)
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Parental Perceptions of Obesity in School Children and Subsequent Action
- 2019
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Ingår i: CHILDHOOD OBESITY. - : MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC. - 2153-2168 .- 2153-2176. ; 15:7, s. 459-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Despite perceiving their child as being above a healthy weight, many parents do not intervene. Little is known about the factors influencing parental action. We assessed parental perception of child's weight status, the prevalence of mitigating parental action, and the underlying factors.Methods: We studied 20,242 children and adolescents from 6 centers across China. Anthropometry was measured by research nurses. Parents answered questionnaires, including their perception of their child's weight status, and any subsequent weight treatment.Results: A total of 3254 children had obesity (16.1%), with 63.0% correctly perceived as overweight by their parents. These children were more likely to be older (>= 8 years; p < 0.0001), have severe obesity [adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.41; p < 0.0001], and have mothers with overweight/obesity (aRR 1.15; p < 0.0001). In particular, parents of children aged <8 years were over five times more likely to perceive their child with overweight/obesity as "thin" than parents of teenagers. Conversely, girls, older children/adolescents, and urban youth were more likely to be wrongly perceived by parents as having an overweight issue. Only one in four children (27.8%) with available information received treatment for their perceived weight problem. Children with severe obesity were more likely to be treated (aRR 1.34; p < 0.0001), as were children of mothers with overweight/obesity (aRR 1.18; p = 0.002).Conclusions: Only one in four Chinese children perceived as overweight by their parents received treatment for their weight problem. Given that overweight/obesity in childhood tracks into adulthood and many parents did not intervene despite perceiving an overweight problem in their child, interventions for childhood obesity need to extend beyond parental perception of children's weight status.
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| 4. |
- He, Zewei, et al.
(författare)
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Fabrication of microneedles using two photon-polymerization with low numerical aperture
- 2024
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Ingår i: Optics Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0030-4018 .- 1873-0310. ; 553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three-dimensional (3D) micro-nano fabrication through two-photon polymerization (TPP) is a prominent approach for fabricating complex 3D structures. However, the existing techniques face limitations, such as small fabrication area, dependence on high numerical aperture (e.g., oil immersion) objective lenses, which are more expensive. We developed a 780 nm fs laser system integrated with a 2D galvanometer system and Z axis to create a 3D micro-nano printing system. A method to print arbitrarily complex 3D structures while maintaining an extremely high lateral spatial resolution of sub-100nm is proposed by using a cheap low numerical aperture objective lens with the laser power and exposure time precisely controlled. The impact of the laser power and exposure time on the resolution of 3D micro-nano processing is investigated, and we identify the optimal processing environment for achieving the best resolution. The printed linewidth of 62 nm was achieved without the use of an oil immersed objective lens, and only one laser beam was used instead of stimulated emission depletion. Microneedle arrays for animal injection were fabricated using this strategy, which can improve the performance of animal organoid repair. Our results suggest that TPP micro-nano fabrication is an effective method for processing microneedle arrays for biomedical engineering, with the ability to improve the processing resolution with a cheap low numerical aperture objectives lens (e.g., NA = 0.4) through meticulous control of laser power and exposure time. This approach opens up possibilities for affordable and scalable fabrication in sub-100nm structures.
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