| 1. |
- Zhang, Huai, et al.
(författare)
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A global survey on the use of the international classification of diseases codes for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Hepatology international. - 1936-0541.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the implementation of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the publication of the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) nomenclature in 2020, it is important to establish consensus for the coding of MAFLD in ICD-11. This will inform subsequent revisions of ICD-11.Using the Qualtrics XM and WJX platforms, questionnaires were sent online to MAFLD-ICD-11 coding collaborators, authors of papers, and relevant association members.A total of 890 international experts in various fields from 61 countries responded to the survey. We also achieved full coverage of provincial-level administrative regions in China. 77.1% of respondents agreed that MAFLD should be represented in ICD-11 by updating NAFLD, with no significant regional differences (77.3% in Asia and 76.6% in non-Asia, p=0.819). Over 80% of respondents agreed or somewhat agreed with the need to assign specific codes for progressive stages of MAFLD (i.e. steatohepatitis) (92.2%), MAFLD combined with comorbidities (84.1%), or MAFLD subtypes (i.e., lean, overweight/obese, and diabetic) (86.1%).This global survey by a collaborative panel of clinical, coding, health management and policy experts, indicates agreement that MAFLD should be coded in ICD-11. The data serves as a foundation for corresponding adjustments in the ICD-11 revision.
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| 2. |
- Antzutkin, Oleg, et al.
(författare)
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Suppression of sidebands in magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance : general principles and analytical solutions
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 100:1, s. 130-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several theoretical and experimental aspects of sideband suppression in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of rotating solids are considered. The principles of sideband suppression are explored using general symmetry arguments and previous treatments are examined critically. Analytical solutions are given for sideband suppression pulse sequences employing four, five, six, and nine pulses. The analytical solutions for four pulses are complete. Experimental demonstrations are given. The Journal of Chemical Physics is copyrighted by The American Institute of Physics.
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| 3. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 4. |
- Cai, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of organic aerosol molecular composition on particle absorptive properties in autumn Beijing
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 22:2, s. 1251-1269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic aerosol (OA) is a major component of fine particulate matter (PM), affecting air quality, human health, and the climate. The absorptive and reflective behavior of OA components contributes to determining particle optical properties and thus their effects on the radiative budget of the troposphere. There is limited knowledge on the influence of the molecular composition of OA on particle optical properties in the polluted urban environment. In this study, we characterized the molecular composition of oxygenated OA collected on filter samples in the autumn of 2018 in Beijing, China, with a filter inlet for gases and aerosols coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (FIGAERO–CIMS). Three haze episodes occurred during our sampling period with daily maximum concentrations of OA of 50, 30, and 55 µg m−3. We found that the signal intensities of dicarboxylic acids and sulfur-containing compounds increased during the two more intense haze episodes, while the relative contributions of wood-burning markers and other aromatic compounds were enhanced during the cleaner periods. We further assessed the optical properties of oxygenated OA components by combining detailed chemical composition measurements with collocated particle light absorption measurements. We show that light absorption enhancement (Eabs) of black carbon (BC) was mostly related to more oxygenated OA (e.g., dicarboxylic acids), likely formed in aqueous-phase reactions during the intense haze periods with higher relative humidity, and speculate that they might contribute to lensing effects. Aromatics and nitro-aromatics (e.g., nitrocatechol and its derivatives) were mostly related to a high light absorption coefficient (babs) consistent with light-absorbing (brown) carbon (BrC). Our results provide information on oxygenated OA components at the molecular level associated with BrC and BC particle light absorption and can serve as a basis for further studies on the effects of anthropogenic OA on radiative forcing in the urban environment.
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| 5. |
- Cai, Jing, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of organic aerosol molecular composition on particle absorptive properties in autumn Beijing
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 22, s. 1251-1269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic aerosol (OA) is a major component of fine particulate matter (PM), affecting air quality, human health, and the climate. The absorptive and reflective behavior of OA components contributes to determining particle optical properties and thus their effects on the radiative budget of the troposphere. There is limited knowledge on the influence of the molecular composition of OA on particle optical properties in the polluted urban environment. In this study, we characterized the molecular composition of oxygenated OA collected on filter samples in the autumn of 2018 in Beijing, China, with a filter inlet for gases and aerosols coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (FIGAERO-CIMS). Three haze episodes occurred during our sampling period with daily maximum concentrations of OA of 50, 30, and 55 μg m-3. We found that the signal intensities of dicarboxylic acids and sulfur-containing compounds increased during the two more intense haze episodes, while the relative contributions of wood-burning markers and other aromatic compounds were enhanced during the cleaner periods. We further assessed the optical properties of oxygenated OA components by combining detailed chemical composition measurements with collocated particle light absorption measurements. We show that light absorption enhancement (Eabs) of black carbon (BC) was mostly related to more oxygenated OA (e.g., dicarboxylic acids), likely formed in aqueous-phase reactions during the intense haze periods with higher relative humidity, and speculate that they might contribute to lensing effects. Aromatics and nitro-aromatics (e.g., nitrocatechol and its derivatives) were mostly related to a high light absorption coefficient (babs) consistent with light-absorbing (brown) carbon (BrC). Our results provide information on oxygenated OA components at the molecular level associated with BrC and BC particle light absorption and can serve as a basis for further studies on the effects of anthropogenic OA on radiative forcing in the urban environment. Copyright:
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| 6. |
- Chen, Xiaolong, et al.
(författare)
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Nontrivial resource requirement in the early stage for containment of epidemics
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical review. E. - 2470-0045 .- 2470-0053. ; 100:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During epidemic control, containment of the disease is usually achieved through increasing a devoted resource to reduce the infectiousness. However, the impact of this resource expenditure has not been studied quantitatively. For disease spread, the recovery rate can be positively correlated with the average amount of resource devoted to infected individuals. By incorporating this relation we build a novel model and find that insufficient resource leads to an abrupt increase in the infected population size, which is in marked contrast with the continuous phase transitions believed previously. Counterintuitively, this abrupt phase transition is more pronounced in less contagious diseases. Furthermore, we find that even for a single infection source, the public resource needs to be available in a significant amount, which is proportional to the total population size, to ensure epidemic containment. Our findings provide a theoretical foundation for efficient epidemic containment strategies in the early stage.
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| 7. |
- Feng, Xiaolong, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Cycle-based Robot Drive Train Optimization Utilizing SVD Analysis
- 2008
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Ingår i: ASME Design Automation Conference,2007. - Las Vegas : ASME. - 0791838064 - 0791848078 ; , s. 903-910
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Designing a drive train for an industrial robot is a demanding task where a set of design variables need to be determined so that optimal performance is obtained for a wide range of different duty cycles. The paper presents a method where singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to reduce the design variable set. The application is a six degree of freedom serial manipulator, with nine drive train parameters for each axis and the objective is to minimize the cycle time on 122 representative design cycles without decreasing the expected lifetime of the robot. The optimization is based on a simulation model of the robot and conducted on a reduced set of the initial duty cycles and with the design variables suggested by the SVD analysis. The obtained design reduces the cycle time with 1.6% on the original design cycles without decreasing the life time of the robot.
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| 8. |
- Feng, Xiaolong, 1961-
(författare)
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Estimating molecular conformations by solid-state NMR spectroscopy
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Our understanding of structure-function relationships in biological systems demands new and more sophisticated methods for examining molecular structure. This thesis presents an effort of methodology development for molecular structure determination by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and applications to biological systems.Rotational Resonance NMR is established as a major tool for extracting molecular structural information in solids. Some further aspects of the technique are explored. The technique is applied to obtain the binding conformation of an inhibitor, TMPIP, bound to gastric H+/K+-ATPase, an ab heterodimer with a molecular weight of over 150 kDa.A novel solid-state NMR method for the determination of the torsional angle of a 13C-labeled H-C-C-H moiety is developed. A detailed theoretical introduction of the method is presented. The technique has been applied to determine the H-C10-C11-H torsional angle of the retinylidene chromophore in bovine rhodopsin, a 41 kDa integral membrane protein, and its photo-intermediate metarhodopsin-I.A new solid-state NMR method is developed. It may be used to estimate the Ramachandran ( angle in a protein backbone chain. A detailed theory is presented. It is demonstrated on an isotopically labeled tripeptide.
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| 9. |
- Feng, Xiaolong, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation and Optimization of Industrial Robot Families Using Different Kinematic Measures
- 2010
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Ingår i: ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. - : The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). - 9780791849040 - 9780791838563 ; , s. 1047-1057
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, overall manipulability measure and stroke of workspace are proposed and evaluated as design criteria for optimal kinematics design of a family of industrial robots. The object of study is a 6 degree of freedom serial robot manipulator where individual family members (robots) share arms from a common platform. The paper presents a formal mathematical framework where the product family design problem is stated as an optimization problem and where optimization is used to find an optimal product family. The paper illustrates how the proposed kinematic design criteria may be used to support the optimal kinematics design of a family of industrial robots, and it also visualizes the tradeoff between the size of the common platform and the kinematics performance of individual robots. Copyright © 2009 by ASME.
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| 10. |
- Feng, Xiaolong, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Objective Optimization in Industrial Robotic Cell Design
- 2010
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Ingår i: ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. - : The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). - 9780791844090 - 9780791838815 ; , s. 815-823
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has become a common practice to conduct simulation-based design of industrial robotic cells, where Mechatronic system model of an industrial robot is used to accurately predict robot performance characteristics like cycle time, critical component lifetime, and energy efficiency. However, current robot programming systems do not usually provide functionality for finding the optimal design of robotic cells. Robot cell designers therefore still face significant challenge to manually search in design space for achieving optimal robot cell design in consideration of productivity measured by the cycle time, lifetime, and energy efficiency. In addition, robot cell designers experience even more challenge to consider the trade-offs between cycle time and lifetime as well as cycle time and energy efficiency. In this work, utilization of multi-objective optimization to optimal design of the work cell of an industrial robot is investigated. Solution space and Pareto front are obtained and used to demonstrate the trade-offs between cycle-time and critical component lifetime as well as cycle-time and energy efficiency of an industrial robot. Two types of multi-objective optimization have been investigated and benchmarked using optimal design problem of robotic work cells: 1) single-objective optimization constructed using Weighted Compromise Programming (WCP) of multiple objectives and 2) Pareto front optimization using multi-objective generic algorithm (MOGA-II). Of the industrial robotics significance, a combined design optimization problem is investigated, where design space consisting of design variables defining robot task placement and robot drive-train are simultaneously searched. Optimization efficiency and interesting trade-offs have been explored and successful results demonstrated.
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| 11. |
- Feng, Yifan, et al.
(författare)
-
Fractal Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors and Their Applications in Imaging
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim, CLEO/PR 2022. - : Optica Publishing Group.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our research on fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in light detection and ranging (LiDAR), full-Stokes polarimetric imaging, and non-line-of-sight imaging.
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| 12. |
- Feng, Yifan, et al.
(författare)
-
Fractal Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors and Their Applications in Imaging
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim, CLEO-PR 2022 - Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc..
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our research on fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in light detection and ranging (LiDAR), full-Stokes polarimetric imaging, and non-line-of-sight imaging.
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| 13. |
- Han, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution in Acidic Media on Yttrium Ruthenate Pyrochlore through Cobalt Incorporation
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 33:20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) especially in acidic media remains the major challenge that still requires significant advances, both in material design and mechanistic exploration. In this study, the incorporation of cobalt in Y2-xCoxRu2O7−δ results in an ultrahigh OER activity because of the charge redistribution at eg orbitals between Ru and Co atoms. The Y1.75Co0.25Ru2O7−δ electrocatalyst exhibits an extremely small overpotential of 275 mV in 0.5 m H2SO4 at the current density of 10 mA cm−2, which is smaller than that of parent Y2Ru2O7−δ (360 mV) and commercial RuO2 (286 mV) catalysts. The systematic investigation of the composition related to OER activity shows that the Co substitution will also bring other effective changes, such as reducing the bandgap, and creating oxygen vacancies, which result in fast OER charge transfer. Meanwhile, the strengthening of the bond hybridization between the d orbitals of metal (Y and Ru) and the 2p orbitals of O will intrinsically enhance the chemical stability. Finally, theoretical calculations indicate that cobalt substitution reduces the theoretical overpotential both through an adsorbate evolution mechanism and a lattice oxygen-mediated mechanism.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hao, Zifan, et al.
(författare)
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High-performance eight-channel system with fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Chip. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2709-4723 .- 2772-2724. ; 3:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have become a mainstream photon-counting technology that has been widely applied in various scenarios. So far, most multi-channel SNSPD systems, either reported in literature or commercially available, are polarization sensitive, that is, the system detection efficiency (SDE) of each channel is dependent on the state of polarization of the to-be-detected photons. Here, we reported an eight-channel system with fractal SNSPDs working in the wavelength range of 930 to 940 nm, which are all featured with low polarization sensitivity. In a close-cycled Gifford-McMahon cryocooler system with the base temperature of 2.2 K, we installed and compared the performance of two types of devices: (1) SNSPD, composed of a single, continuous nanowire and (2) superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector (SNAP), composed of 16 cascaded units of two nanowires electrically connected in parallel. The highest SDE among the eight channels reaches 96−5+4%, with the polarization sensitivity of 1.02 and a dark-count rate of 13 counts per second. The average SDE for eight channels for all states of polarization is estimated to be 90 ± 5%. It is concluded that both the SNSPDs and the SNAPs can reach saturated, high SDE at the wavelength of interest, and the SNSPDs show lower dark-count (false-count) rates, whereas the SNAPs show better properties in the time domain. With the adoption of this system, we showcased the measurements of the second-order photon-correlation functions of light emission from a single-photon source based on a semiconductor quantum dot and from a pulsed laser. It is believed that this work will provide new choices of systems with single-photon detectors combining the merits of high SDE, low polarization sensitivity, and low noise that can be tailored for different applications.
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| 16. |
- Honarpardaz, Mohammadali, 1986-
(författare)
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Finger Design Automation for Industrial Robots : A Generic and Agile Approach
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ROBOT fingers play a crucial role in the success and performance of workcells, as fingers are the only interfaces that connect the robot to the physical working environment. Fingers are responsible for grasping and manipulating workpieces without dropping or damaging them. Designing industrial robot fingers to accomplish assigned tasks is therefore tremendously complex and requires high skills in robotics and designing at the same time.Today, there is a trend toward products with short lifecycles and, as a result, many robot industries have focused on enhancing the competitiveness of robotic automation in the agile market. SARAFun and Factory-in-a-day are two large European Commission projects which are formed to enable a non-expert user to integrate a robot system for an assembly task in one single day. Currently, fingers of industrial grippers (e.g. parallel- jaw) are designed manually, a process that requires several exhaustive and time- consuming trial and error iterations even for highly skilled specialists. The average iteration time is about three to four working days and the total time for designing fingers can amount to around two weeks depending on the complexity requirements.The present iterative procedure of manual finger design is unable to fulfil the demands of ‘‘burst’’ production (i.e. ramp up to full volume in a very short time, run production for 3–12 months, and then change to produce a new product). Finger design automation has therefore been increasingly attracting the attention of the robot industry. However, very few researchers have studied finger design automation and unfortunately no one has validated the proposed approaches with a generic experimental method.This research therefore proposes the generic optimized finger design (GOFD) framework in order to automate the design process of robotic fingers. The framework is optimized to reduce the design process time while maintaining high reliability and performance of the fingers. The functionality and general applicability of the framework is examined in various case studies and applications with a diverse range of workpieces. In order to be able to benchmark the functionality of robotic fingers, an experimental method is also developed to measure the stability and performance of the fingers in industrial practice. The proposed experimental method is employed to evaluate the functionality of the GOFD fingers and compare it with that of other fingers. Results are comprehensively analysed and the strengths and weaknesses of each method are highlighted. This thesis thus presents a design automation processes that automates the design procedure for robotic fingers, together with an experimental method to compare the performance of different finger designs. The introduced GOFD method can help robot industries comply with the trending agile market. Moreover, scholars who are inexpert in robotics may benefit from utilizing GOFD in their research to generate functional fingers.
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| 17. |
- Honarpardaz, Mohammadali, et al.
(författare)
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GENERIC AUTOMATED FINGER DESIGN
- 2016
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 5B. - : AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. - 9780791850169
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Finger design automation for grippers is one of the areas of highest interest for robot industries. The few studies that have been carried out in the finger design automation research area are limited to objects with specific geometrical properties (e.g. polyhedral). This paper introduces the Generic Automated Finger Design (GAFD) method that contains the essential key processes for automatic design of reliable fingers. The proposed method is implemented on two geometrically complex workpieces and appropriate fingers are designed. The results are discussed in detail and benchmarked against existing approaches.
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| 18. |
- Honarpardaz, Mohammadali, et al.
(författare)
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Generic Automated Multi-function Finger Design
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND AUTOMATION SCIENCE (ICMEAS 2016). - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multi-function fingers that are able to handle multiple workpieces are crucial in improvement of a robot workcell. Design automation of multi-function fingers is highly demanded by robot industries to overcome the current iterative, time consuming and complex manual design process. However, the existing approaches for the multi-function finger design automation are unable to entirely meet the robot industries need. This paper proposes a generic approach for design automation of multi-function fingers. The proposed approach completely automates the design process and requires no expert skill. In addition, this approach executes the design process much faster than the current manual process. To validate the approach, multi-function fingers are successfully designed for two case studies. Further, the results are discussed and benchmarked with existing approaches.
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| 19. |
- Hu, Nan, et al.
(författare)
-
Full-Stokes polarimetric measurements and imaging using a fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detector
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Optica. - : Optica Publishing Group. - 2334-2536. ; 9:4, s. 346-351
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measuring the states of polarization (SoP) of light is fundamentally important for applications ranging from communication, sensing, spectroscopy, imaging, to navigation. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are ideal detectors of choice for faint-light detection and measurements, but SNSPDs themselves cannot resolve the SoP of photons. Here, based on a fractal SNSPD, we demonstrate a full-Stokes polarimetric measurement system that can measure arbitrary SoP of faint light. The measured SoPs are in excellent agreement with those of a state-of-the-art commercial polarimeter, but the sensitivity of our system reaches -86.6 dBm, which is 26.6 dB better than that of the commercial counterpart. As a direct application, we further demonstrate remote polarimetric imaging (i.e., polarimetric LiDAR) with a complete set of polarimetric contrast.
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| 20. |
- Hu, Nan, et al.
(författare)
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Photon-Counting LIDAR Based on a Fractal SNSPD
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (OFC). - : IEEE.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a photon-counting LIDAR system based on a polarization-insensitive fractal SNSPD with high detection efficiency and high timing resolution, and showcase depth imaging of an object at 1560 nm with millimeter depth resolution.
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| 21. |
- Hu, Xiaolong, et al.
(författare)
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Fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in polarimetric imaging
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVIII. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we review the research and development of the fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), including our demonstrations of high-performance devices and systems with over 80% system detection efficiency, negligibly low residual polarization sensitivity, and low timing jitter. Using the fractal SNSPDs, we demonstrate full-Stokes polarimetric imaging LiDAR.
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| 22. |
- Kamrani, Behnam, et al.
(författare)
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Method for optimising the performance of a robot
- 2013
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Patent (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A method for optimizing performance of a robot. At least one experiment is designed including at least two tests. Each test differs from at least one other test in the experiment regarding the location of the task in relation to the robot. The boundaries that are allowable for location of a task are calculated/determined. The effect on optimality for at least one test in the experiment is calculated/determined. The experimental data is fit to an algorithm. The optimal location of the task is calculated/determined
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| 23. |
- Kamrani, Behnam, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal robot placement using response surface method
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0268-3768 .- 1433-3015. ; 44:1-2, s. 201-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is concerned with a new approach for optimal placement of a prescribed task in the workspace of arobotic manipulator. The approach is resulted by applyingresponse surface method on concept of path translation andpath rotation. A robotic optimization tool based on thisapproach is developed as an add-in to RobotStudio. Themethodology has been carefully verified by optimizing theposition of several kinds of industrial robots and paths in four showcases to attain minimum cycle time. The results indicate that an increase in productivity up to 37%, compared to the admissible location with the highest cycle time, is achieved by optimally positioning the task in the robot workspace.
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| 24. |
- Kamrani, Behnam, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal Usage of Robot Manipulators
- 2010
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Ingår i: Robot Manipulators Trends and Development, Book edited by: Prof Dr Agustin Jimenez and Dr Basil M Al Hadithi, Publisher: INTECH, Publishing date: March 2010, pages 1-666.. - 9789533070735 ; , s. 1-26
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Robot-based automation has gained increasing deployment in industry. Typical application examples of industrial robots are material handling, machine tending, arc welding, spot welding, cutting, painting, and gluing. A robot task normally consists of a sequence of the robot tool center point (TCP) movements. The time duration during which the sequence of the TCP movements is completed is referred to as cycle time. Minimizing cycle time implies increasing the productivity, improving machine utilization, and thus making automationaffordable in applications for which throughput and cost effectiveness is of major concern.Considering the high number of task runs within a specific time span, for instance one year, the importance of reducing cycle time in a small amount such as a few percent will be more understandable.Robot manipulators can be expected to achieve a variety of optimum objectives. While the cycle time optimization is among the areas which have probably received the most attention so far, the other application aspects such as energy efficiency, lifetime of the manipulator, and even the environment aspect have also gained increasing focus. Also, in recent era virtual product development technology has been inevitably and enormously deployed toward achieving optimal solutions. For example, off-line programming of robotic workcells has become a valuable means for work-cell designers to investigate the manipulator’s workspace to achieve optimality in cycle time, energy consumption and manipulator lifetime.This chapter is devoted to introduce new approaches for optimal usage of robots. Section 2 is dedicated to the approaches resulted from translational and rotational repositioning of a robot path in its workspace based on response surface method to achieve optimal cycle time.Section 3 covers another proposed approach that uses a multi-objective optimization methodology, in which the position of task and the settings of drive-train components of a robot manipulator are optimized simultaneously to understand the trade-off among cycletime, lifetime of critical drive-train components, and energy efficiency. In both section 2 and 3, results of different case studies comprising several industrial robots performing different tasks are presented to evaluate the developed methodologies and algorithms. The chapter is concluded with evaluation of the current results and an outlook on future research topics on optimal usage of robot manipulators.
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| 25. |
- Li, ZongYi, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a stem cell gene therapy for breast cancer
- 2009
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 113:22, s. 5423-5433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current approaches for treatment of late-stage breast cancer rarely result in a long-term cure. In part this is due to tumor stroma that prevents access of systemically or intratumorally applied therapeutics. We propose a stem cell gene therapy approach for controlled tumor stroma degradation that uses the pathophysiologic process of recruitment of inflammatory cells into the tumor. This approach involves genetic modification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their subsequent transplantation into tumor-bearing mice. We show that inducible, intratumoral expression of relaxin (Rlx) either by transplanting tumor cells that contained the Rlx gene or by transplantation of mouse HSCs transduced with an Rlx-expressing lentivirus vector delays tumor growth in a mouse model of breast cancer. The antitumor effect of Rlx was mediated through degradation of tumor stroma, which provided increased access of infiltrating antitumor immune cells to their target tumor cells. Furthermore, we have shown in a human/mouse chimeric model that genetically modified HSCs expressing a transgene can access the tumor site. Our findings are relevant for cancer gene therapy and immunotherapy. (Blood. 2009; 113: 5423-5433)
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| 26. |
- Lou, Xiaolong, et al.
(författare)
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An Empirical Evaluation on Arm Fatigue in Free Hand Interaction and Guidelines for Designing Natural User Interfaces in VR
- 2020
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Ingår i: Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality. Design and Interaction. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030496944 - 9783030496951 ; , s. 313-324
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research had a systematic study on arm fatigue issue in free hand interaction in VR environment and explored how arm fatigue influenced free hand interaction accuracy. A specifically designed target-acquisition experiment was conducted with 24 volunteered participants (7 left-handedness, 17 right-handedness) recruited. The experiment results indicated that (1) arm fatigue resulted in short durations of hand operation, or frequent alternations of operating hand. The user’s dominant hand had a more durable operation than the non-dominant one; (2) hand operate position had a significant effect on arm fatigue level, a bent arm posture was found to be more labor-saving than an extended arm posture, (3) hand operation at a higher position (e.g., at the head height) perceived arm fatigue more easily than that at a lower position (e.g., at the waist height); and (4) arm fatigue impact hand interaction accuracy negatively.
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| 27. |
- Mandl, Clemens, et al.
(författare)
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Automated Design of an Industrial Robot Family
- 2009
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Ingår i: ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. - New York, NY, USA : American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME. - 9780791849026 - 9780791838563 ; , s. 927-939
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, a methodology and an integrated tool framework has been developed for automated design of an industrial robot family consisting of four robot members. For each robot, performance requirements concerning payloads, reaches, and time performances are specified. A 3D design tool, namely Solid Works, has been integrated with robot kinematics and dynamics simulation tools for simultaneous kinematics and dynamics design. A motor library comprising both geometric data and physical data has also been integrated in the tool framework. The automated design of the robot family has been formulated as a multi-objective and mixed variable design optimization problem. The arm modules are treated as continuous design variables while the motors are treated as discrete variables. Due to the characteristics of this mixed variable design optimization problem a genetic algorithm (GA) has been used. This work has successfully demonstrated the feasibility for achieving automatic design of an industrial robot family.
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| 28. |
- Persson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework for Multidisciplinary Optimization ofa Balancing Mechanism for an Industrial Robot
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Robotics. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1687-9600 .- 1687-9619. ; , s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper presents a framework that can be used to design and optimize a balancing mechanism for an industrial robot. The framework has the capability to optimize three different concepts - a mechanical, a pneumatic and a hydro-pneumatic. Several disciplines are included in the framework, such as dynamic and static analyses of the robot performance. Optimization is performed for each concept and the obtained optimal designs are all better then the reference design. This means that the framework can be used both as a tool to optimize the balancing mechanism and also to support concept selection.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Reddy Vemula, Bhanoday, et al.
(författare)
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Structural synthesis of 3DOF Articulated Manipulators based on Kinematic Evaluation
- 2013
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Ingår i: 16th International Conference on Advanced Robotics ICAR 2013. ; , s. Article number 6766460-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, serial and parallelogram linkage structures are evaluated and compared, on the basis of kinematic performance measures such as workspace and manipulability. Tradeoff relationships between workspace manipulability are established for both the structures, using the configuration of the arm lengths as a design variable. The structures are also analyzed on the basis of their manipulation ability in specific regions of their workspace, providing additional design criteria during the selection of the kinematic structure in the synthesis of industrial articulated robots.
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| 31. |
- Song, Zhiyan, et al.
(författare)
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Sideband suppression in magic-angle-spinning NMR by a sequence of 5 π pulses
- 1993
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Ingår i: Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. - 0926-2040 .- 1527-3326. ; 2:3, s. 143-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a symmetrical sequence of 5 π pulses for total sideband suppression in magic-angle-spinning NMR. The sequence is almost evenly spaced and shorter than previous 4 and 6 π pulse methods.
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| 32. |
- Tarkian, Mehdi
(författare)
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Design Automation for Multidisciplinary Optimization : A High Level CAD Template Approach
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the design of complex engineering products it is essential to handle cross-couplings and synergies between subsystems. An emerging technique, which has the potential to considerably improve the design process, is multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO).MDO requires a concurrent and parametric design framework. Powerful tools in the quest for such frameworks are design automation (DA) and knowledge based engineering (KBE). The knowledge required is captured and stored as rules and facts to finally be triggered upon request. A crucial challenge is how and what type of knowledge should be stored in order to realize generic DA frameworks.In the endeavor to address the mentioned challenges, this thesis proposes High Level CAD templates (HLCts) for geometry manipulation and High Level Analysis templates (HLAts) for concept evaluations. The proposed methods facilitate modular concept generation and evaluation, where the modules are first assembled and then evaluated automatically. The basics can be compared to parametric LEGO® blocks containing a set of design and analysis parameters. These are produced and stored in databases, giving engineers or a computer agent the possibility to first select and place out the blocks and then modify the shape of the concept parametrically, to finally analyze it. The depicted methods are based on physic-based models, meaning less design space restrictions compared to empirical models.A consequence of physic-based models is more time-consuming evaluations, reducing the probability of effective implementation in an iterative intensive MDO. To reduce the evaluation time, metamodels are used for faster approximations. Their implementation, however, is not without complications. Acquiring accurate metamodels requires a non-negligible investment in terms of design space samplings. The challenge is to keep the required sampling level as low as possible.It will be further elaborated that many automated concurrent engineering platforms have failed because of incorrect balance between automation and manual operations. Hence, it is necessary to find an equilibrium that maximizes the efficiency of DA and MDO.To verify the validity of the presented methods, three application examples are presented and evaluated. These are derived from industry and serve as test cases for the proposed methods.
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| 33. |
- Tarkian, Mehdi, et al.
(författare)
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Design Automation of Modular Industrial Robots
- 2009
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Ingår i: ASME CIE09, San Diego, USA, Sep. 2009. - 9780791848999 - 9780791838563 ; , s. 655-664
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents a novel approach for designing modular robots. There are two main components in this approach namely the modeling methodology of the robot and a framework for simulation of the models and execution of an optimization process.To illustrate the presented methodology an integrated analysis tool for an industrial robot is developed combining dynamic and geometric models in a parametric design approach. An optimization case is conducted to visualize the automation capabilities of the proposed framework, and enhance the design for modular industrial robots.
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| 34. |
- Tarkian, Mehdi, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Metamodel Based Design Automation – Applied on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Industrial Robots
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME InternationalDesign Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and information in Engineering Conference,Washington, USA, Aug 2012. - 9780791845028 ; , s. 833-845
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Intricate and complex dependencies between multiple disciplines require iterative intensive optimization processes. To this end, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) has been established as a convincing concurrent technique to manage inherited complexities.This paper presents a high level CAD and CAE design automation methodology which enables fast, efficient concept generation for MDO. To increase the evaluation speed, global metamodels are introduced to replace computationally expensive CAD and CAE models. In addition, various techniques are applied to drastically decrease the number ofsamplings required to create the metamodels. In the final part of the paper, a multi-level optimization strategy is proposed to find the optimal concept.As proof of concept, a real world design problem, from ABB industrial robotics, is presented.
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| 35. |
- Tarkian, Mehdi, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Multidisciplinary design optimization of modular Industrial Robots
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, IDETC/CIE 2011, August 28- 31, 2011, Washington, DC, USA. - : The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). - 9780791854822 ; , s. 867-876
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a multidisciplinary design optimization framework for modular industrial robots. An automated design framework, containing physics based high fidelity models for dynamic simulation and structural strength analyses are utilized and seamlessly integrated with a geometry model.The proposed frameworkutilizes well-established methods such as metamodeling and multi-level optimization inorder to speed up the design optimization process. The contributionof the paper is to show that by applying amerger of well-established methods, the computational cost can be cutsignificantly, enabling search for truly novel concepts.
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| 36. |
- Tarkian, Mehdi, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Modular Industrial Robots by Utilizing High Level CAD templates
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of mechanical design (1990). - : American Society of Mechanic. - 1050-0472 .- 1528-9001. ; 134:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) framework for automated design of a modular industrial robot. The developed design framework seamlessly integrates High Level CAD templates (HLCt) and physics based high fidelity models for automated geometry manipulation, dynamic simulation, and structural strengthanalysis. In the developed framework, methods such as surrogate models and multilevel optimization are employed in order to speed up the design optimization process. This work demonstrates how a parametric geometric model, based on the concept of HLCt, enables a multidisciplinary framework for multi-objective optimization of a modular industrial robot, which constitutes an example of a complex heterogeneous system.
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| 37. |
- Tarkian, Mehdi, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Product Platform Automation for Optimal Configuration of Industrial Robot Families
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED11), Vol. 4. ; , s. 1-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product platform design is a well recognized methodology to effectively increase range and variety of products and simultaneously decrease internal variety of components by utilizing modularization. The tradeoff between product performance and product family commonality has to be carefully balanced in order to for the company to meet market requirements and simultaneously obtain economy of scale. This paper presents a framework based on high fidelity analyses tools that concurrently optimize an industrial robot family as well as the common platform. The product family design problem is formally stated as a multi-objective optimization problem, which is solved using a multi-objective Genetic Algorithm.
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| 38. |
- Wei, Yanfei, et al.
(författare)
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Stalled oligodendrocyte differentiation in IDH-mutant gliomas.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Genome medicine. - 1756-994X. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Roughly 50% of adult gliomas harbor isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations. According to the 2021 WHO classification guideline, these gliomas are diagnosed as astrocytomas, harboring no 1p19q co-deletion, or oligodendrogliomas, harboring 1p19q co-deletion. Recent studies report that IDH-mutant gliomas share a common developmental hierarchy. However, the neural lineages and differentiation stages in IDH-mutant gliomas remain inadequately characterized.Using bulk transcriptomes and single-cell transcriptomes, we identified genes enriched in IDH-mutant gliomas with or without 1p19q co-deletion, we also assessed the expression pattern of stage-specific signatures and key regulators of oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation. We compared the expression of oligodendrocyte lineage stage-specific markers between quiescent and proliferating malignant single cells. The gene expression profiles were validated using RNAscope analysis and myelin staining and were further substantiated using data of DNA methylation and single-cell ATAC-seq. As a control, we assessed the expression pattern of astrocyte lineage markers.Genes concordantly enriched in both subtypes of IDH-mutant gliomas are upregulated in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC). Signatures of early stages of oligodendrocyte lineage and key regulators of OPC specification and maintenance are enriched in all IDH-mutant gliomas. In contrast, signature of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, myelination regulators, and myelin components are significantly down-regulated or absent in IDH-mutant gliomas. Further, single-cell transcriptomes of IDH-mutant gliomas are similar to OPC and differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte progenitors, but not to myelinating oligodendrocyte. Most IDH-mutant glioma cells are quiescent; quiescent cells and proliferating cells resemble the same differentiation stage of oligodendrocyte lineage. Mirroring the gene expression profiles along the oligodendrocyte lineage, analyses of DNA methylation and single-cell ATAC-seq data demonstrate that genes of myelination regulators and myelin components are hypermethylated and show inaccessible chromatin status, whereas regulators of OPC specification and maintenance are hypomethylated and show open chromatin status. Markers of astrocyte precursors are not enriched in IDH-mutant gliomas.Our studies show that despite differences in clinical manifestation and genomic alterations, all IDH-mutant gliomas resemble early stages of oligodendrocyte lineage and are stalled in oligodendrocyte differentiation due to blocked myelination program. These findings provide a framework to accommodate biological features and therapy development for IDH-mutant gliomas.
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| 39. |
- Yang, Jun, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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A parsec-scale faint jet in the nearby changing-look Seyfert galaxy Mrk 590
- 2021
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1745-3925 .- 1745-3933. ; 502:1, s. L61-L65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Broad Balmer emission lines in active galactic nuclei (AGN) may display dramatic changes in amplitude, even disappearance and re-appearance in some sources. As a nearby galaxy at a redshift of z = 0.0264, Mrk 590 suffered such a cycle of Seyfert type changes between 2006 and 2017. Over the last 50 yr, Mrk 590 also underwent a powerful continuum outburst and a slow fading from X-rays to radio wavelengths with a peak bolometric luminosity reaching about 10 per cent of the Eddington luminosity. To track its past accretion and ejection activity, we performed very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations with the European VLBI Network (EVN) at 1.6 GHz in 2015. The EVN observations reveal a faint (∼1.7 mJy) radio jet extending up to ∼2.8 mas (projected scale ∼1.4 pc) toward north, and probably resulting from the very intensive AGN activity. To date, such a parsec-scale jet is rarely seen in the known changing-look AGN. The finding of the faint jet provides further strong support for variable accretion as the origin of the type changes in Mrk 590.
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| 40. |
- Zhang, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Balancing Adsorption, Catalysis, and Desorption in Cathode Catalyst For Li–S Batteries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 13:43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The complicated electrochemical catalytic conversion process of polysulfides in metal–sulfur batteries involves three steps: adsorption, catalysis, and desorption process. Even as huge efforts are made for the understanding of the separate steps (especially for the adsorption and catalysis process), research focusing on the entire process is still scarce. Herein, a series of cobalt phosphides (CoP, CoP2, and CoP3) is employed with identical hollow morphology as model electrocatalysts to investigate the significance of the desorption process and discuss the balancing among the adsorption, catalysis, and desorption of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). The experimental data demonstrate that, compared to CoP and CoP3, CoP2 exhibits moderate adsorption of LiPSs, which enhances the reduction kinetics of S8 to Li2S and regulates the desorption of short-chain LiPSs. Theoretical calculations further confirm that CoP2 with moderate adsorption of LiPSs exhibits better redox kinetics of LiPSs compared to CoP and CoP3. Moderate adsorption enables the CoP2-based sulfur cathode to deliver excellent stability with 86% capacity retention (2.6 and 2.0 times higher than CoP and CoP3, respectively) over 1000 cycles at 1 C. All these results indicate that in the adsorption-catalysis-desorption chain for LiPSs, all steps need to be considered rather than just focusing on one step of the process.
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| 41. |
- Zou, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors working in dual bands and their applications in free-space and underwater hybrid LIDAR
- 2023
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Ingår i: Optics Letters. - : Optica Publishing Group. - 0146-9592 .- 1539-4794. ; 48:2, s. 415-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate a fiber-coupled fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) system with minimum polarization dependence of detection efficiency. Its system detection efficiency (SDE) was maximized at the wavelength of 1540 nm, which was measured to be 91 +/- 4%; furthermore, we observed the second local maximum of SDE at the wavelength of 520 nm, which was measured to be 61 +/- 2%. This dual-band feature of SDE was due to the enhancement of the optical absorptance by two longitudinal resonance modes of the micro-cavity. By using high SDE with minimum polarization dependence in these two bands, we implemented a hybrid LIDAR for imaging the remote objects in free space and under water.
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| 42. |
- Zou, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors and Multi-Photon Detectors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - : Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our research progress in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) and multi-photon detectors (SNMPDs), including fractal SNSPDs with reduced polarization sensitivity, two mechanisms of device timing jitter, and SNMPDs integrated with current reservoirs.
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| 43. |
- Ölvander, Johan, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-objective Optimization of a family of Industrial Robots
- 2011
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Ingår i: <em>Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing</em>. - : Springer Verlag. - 9780857296177 ; , s. 189-217
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the increasing complexity and dynamism in today’s product design and manufacturing, more optimal, robust and practical approaches and systems are needed to support product design and manufacturing activities. Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing presents a focused collection of quality chapters on state-of-the-art research efforts in multi-objective evolutionary optimisation, as well as their practical applications to integrated product design and manufacturing. Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing consists of two major sections. The first presents a broad-based review of the key areas of research in multi-objective evolutionary optimisation. The second gives in-depth treatments of selected methodologies and systems in intelligent design and integrated manufacturing. Recent developments and innovations in multi-objective evolutionary optimisation make Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing a useful text for a broad readership, from academic researchers to practicing engineers.
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