| 1. |
- Boman, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying variables in relation to health-related quality of life among community-dwelling older women : knowledgebase for health-promoting activities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nordic journal of nursing research. - : Sage Publications. - 2057-1585 .- 2057-1593. ; 36:1, s. 20-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to explore health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and associated variables among all community-dwelling older women (565 years) (n¼2724) on A ° land, a Finnish self-governing island community. A total of 1023 women participated (mean age 72.96.8 years). Absence of depression, absence of diagnosed disease(s), having the opportunity to engage in meaningful leisure activities, and never or seldom feeling lonely explained, together with socioeconomic control variables (i.e. age, education and economic situation), 34.4% of the variation in physical health. Absence of depression, strong inner strength, and never or seldom feeling lonely explained, together with socio-economic control variables, 27.7% of the variation in mental health. HRQoL was rated as relatively good, although special attention should be paid to women aged 80þ years. To promote HRQoL, interventions aimed at preventing, detecting and treating depression should be prioritised. In addition, interventions aimed at reducing feelings of loneliness are also recommended in order to enhance overall HRQoL.
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| 2. |
- Boman, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Inner strength : associated with reduced prevalence of depression among older women
- 2015
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Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915. ; 19:12, s. 1078-1083
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore if inner strength is independently associated with a reduced prevalence of depression after controlling for other known risk factors associated with depression.Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was performed, where all women living in Åland, a Finnish self-govern island community in the Baltic Sea, aged 65 years or older were sent a questionnaire including the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Inner Strength Scale along with several other questions related to depression. Factors associated with depression were analyzed by means of multivariate logistic regression.Results: The results showed that 11.2% of the studied women (n = 1452) were depressed and that the prevalence increased with age and was as high as 20% in the oldest age group. Non-depressed women were more likely to never or seldom feel lonely, have a strong inner strength, take fewer prescription drugs, feeling needed, being able to engage in meaningful leisure activities, as well as cohabit.Conclusion: Our results showed an association between stronger inner strength and being non-depressed. This can be interpreted to mean that inner strength might have a protective effect against depression. These findings are interesting from a health-promotion perspective, yet to verify these results, further longitudinal studies are required.
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| 3. |
- Boman, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Inner strength and its relationship to health threats in ageing : A cross-sectional study among community-dwelling older women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 73:11, s. 2720-2729
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore the relationship between inner strength and health threats among community-dwelling older women. Background: Inner strength is described as a resource that promotes experiences of health, despite adversities. Inner strength and its dimensions (i.e. connectedness, creativity, firmness and flexibility) can be assessed using the Inner Strength Scale (ISS). Exploring attributes of weaker inner strength may yield valuable information about areas to focus on in enhancing a person's inner strength and may ultimately lead to the perception of better health. Design: Cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Methods: The study is based on responses from 1270 community-dwelling older women aged 65 years and older; these were collected in the year 2010 and describe the situation that still exists today for older women. The questionnaire included the ISS, background characteristics and explanatory variables known to be health threats in ageing. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Poorer mental health was related to weaker inner strength in total and in all the dimensions. Symptoms of depressive disorders and feeling lonely were related to three of the dimensions, except firmness and creativity respectively. Furthermore, poor physical health was associated with the dimensions firmness and flexibility. Other health threats were significantly related to only one of the dimensions, or not associated at all. Conclusion: Mental ill health has overall the strongest association with weaker inner strength. Longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm the results. However, the ISS does not only estimate inner strength but can also be a tool for discovering where (i.e. dimension) interventions may be most profitable.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Boman, Erika, 1975-
(författare)
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Inner strength as a health resource among older women
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Long life does not inevitably mean more healthy years; older women have an increased risk of disabilities, diseases and adverse life events. Nevertheless, many older women experience health. This may be explained by possessing resources that promote health, despite adversities. Inner strength is seen as a resource as such. In this thesis inner strength is interpreted according to a theoretical model where inner strength comprises four interrelated and interacting dimensions: connectedness, creativity, flexibility and firmness, and being rated by the Inner Strength Scale (ISS).Aim and methods The overall purpose of this thesis was to explore inner strength as a health resource among older women. In study I six focus group interviews were performed with older women (66-84 years; n = 29) and the interviews were analysed by a concept driven approach and by means of qualitative content analysis. Studies II–IV had a quantitative, cross-sectional design. A questionnaire was sent to all older women (65 years and older) living in Åland, an autonomous island community in the Baltic Sea, and 1555 (57%) women responded. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results In study I, exploring how inner strength and its dimensions can be identified in narratives of older women, connectedness was interpreted as a striving to be in communion, creativity as the ability to make the best of the situation, firmness as having a spirit of determination – “it is all up to you”, and flexibility as a balancing act. The results of study II showed that strong inner strength was associated with better mental health, but not physical health. In exploring factors associated with health-related quality of life, fewer symptoms of depressive disorders was the strongest explanatory variable, and together with not feeling lonely associated with better both physical health and mental health. Better physical health was also explained by not having a diagnosed disease, being of lower age and the opportunity to engage in meaningful leisure activities. Better mental health was additionally explained by having enough money for personal needs. In study III the result showed that non-depressed women were likely to have a strong inner strength, as well as never or seldom feeling lonely, taking fewer prescribed drugs, feeling needed and having the opportunity to engage in meaningful leisure activities. In study IV poorer mental health was associated with weaker inner strength in total, and in all four dimensions of inner strength. Symptoms of depressive disorders and feeling lonely were related to lower scores in three of the dimensions (except firmness and creativity, respectively) and poorer physical health was associated with lower scores in two of the dimensions (firmness and flexibility). Some other health threats were significantly associated with only one of the dimensions (connectedness or creativity), and others were not significantly associated at all.Conclusion The results add nuance to the notion of inner strength and deepen empirical knowledge about the phenomenon. It is elucidated that the ISS can be used not only to rate inner strength but also to offer guidance as to the areas (i.e. dimensions) in which interventions may be profitable. It is further shown that inner strengths can be identified in narratives of older women. Mental ill health has shown to have overall the strongest association with weakened inner strength among community-dwelling older women. The causality can, though, not be studied due to the cross-sectional design; therefore, longitudinal studies are recommended. Notwithstanding that limitation, the findings can be used as a knowledge base in further research within this field.
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| 6. |
- Boman, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Inner Strength as Identified in Narratives of Elderly Women A Focus Group Interview Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advances in Nursing Science. - 0161-9268 .- 1550-5014. ; 38:1, s. 7-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By identifying sources of inner strength, health care personnel can be given valuable information about elderly people's capacities regardless of frailty. The focus of this interview-based study was to explore how inner strength and its dimensions can be identified in narratives of elderly women. The analysis was based on a theoretical model where inner strength is composed of 4 interacting dimensions of connectedness, creativity, firmness, and flexibility. Our findings add nuance to the notion of inner strength and deepen empirical knowledge about the concept.
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| 7. |
- Boström, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical challenges and ongoing role changes for primary health-care nurses
- 2012
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Ingår i: British Journal of Community Nursing. - : Mark Allen Group. - 1462-4753 .- 2052-2215. ; 17:2, s. 68-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the perceptions of primary health-care nurses (PHNs) about clinical demands and future challenges.METHOD: Qualitative content-analysis of open questions from a questionnaire. A total of 121 PHNs from health-care districts in northern Sweden filled in a questionnaire during a mandatory educational day.RESULTS: Key issues that were raised included: defending the specific professional role of the PHNs; strengthening their self-governance and authority; and ensuring adequate care in the future through education that focuses more on nursing practice than on academic work.CONCLUSION: To ensure that the role of the PHN continues to develop, it is necessary to enable them to articulate, discuss, and evaluate their profession and to learn, in concrete forms, how to implement science in clinical practice.
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| 8. |
- Brännström, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Walking on the edge : meanings of living in an ageing body and using a walker in everyday life - a phenomenological hermeneutic study
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1748-3735 .- 1748-3743. ; 8:2, s. 116-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. In order to maintain one’s state of health whilst growing older, the ability to walk is essential.Aim and objective. The aim of this study was to illuminate the meanings of the lived experience of living in an ageing body and using a walker in daily life.Methods. Narrative interviews were performed with seven older persons aged 79–95 years. The transcribed text was analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method.Results. The key finding of the study was that the lived experience of living in an ageing body and using a walker in daily life was interpreted as ‘walking on the edge’ based on the themes ‘Being vulnerable and dependent’ and ‘Being confident and independent’.Conclusions. The results highlight the importance of reflecting on this phenomenon as a health care professional while meeting the care needs of older persons who use walkers.Implications for practice. Nurses need to consider the walker as a personal and valued possession of the individual and handle the walker in agreement with the older person, placing the walker close at hand with the brakes locked to give secure support.
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| 9. |
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Det goda åldrandet
- 2012. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken syftar till att belysa ett gott åldrande och hot mot ett gott åldrande ur ett salutogent perspektiv samt till att spegla komplexiteten i åldrandet.Huvudbudskapet är att många äldre personer har det bra under åldrandet, men att det är möjligt att främja upplevelse av hälsa även hos de som lever med olika former av illabefinnande i samband med förluster, ohälsa eller under den sista tiden i livet. Att främja hälsa handlar om att ta tillvara yttre och inre resurser hos äldre personer, hos deras närmaste och i samhället samt att ge adekvat vård och omsorg, medicinsk behandling och rehabilitering.I boken medverkar 13 forskare inom arbetsterapi, geriatrik, omvårdnad och sjukgymnastik. Alla har omfattande erfarenhet av forskning om äldre personer. De olika perspektiven ger en bild av aktuell forskning om äldre personers situation.Boken är i första hand avsedd för studenter på grundläggande nivå och för vidareutbildning av personal inom vård och omsorg, men den är också lämplig att använda inom praktisk verksamhet.
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| 10. |
- Fischer, Regina Santamäki, et al.
(författare)
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Embracing opposites : meanings of growing old as narrated by people aged 85
- 2008
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Aging & Human Development. - Farmingdale, N.Y. : Baywood. - 0091-4150 .- 1541-3535. ; 67:3, s. 259-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many old people suffer from prolonged and multiple bodily ailments, new diseases, and increased risk for disadvantages and losses in life. Aging also means becoming mature and wise. This study illuminates the meaning of the lived experience with respect to changes in late life. Using a phenomenological hermeneutic method, this study analyzes transcribed interviews of 15 85-year-old people. Four themes were formulated: embracing weakness and strength, embracing slowness and swiftness of time, embracing reconciliation and regret, and embracing connectedness and loneliness. From these analyses, growing old was described as--maintaining one's identity in spite of the changes that come with aging and, embracing opposites--being changed and feeling being the same.
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| 11. |
- Fischer, Regina Santamäki, et al.
(författare)
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Living Amidst Consolation in the Presence of God Perceptions of Consolation Among the Oldest Old : The Umeå 85+ Study.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging. - 1552-8030. ; 19:3, s. 3-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes how 90-year-olds and older people perceive consolation. Qualitative Content analysis of 49 interviews revealed four categories: consolation by God; consolation from others; consolation from self; and consolation from things, which were present in two themes. The theme "Living amidst consolation in the presence of God" was a core theme and expresses consolation as self-evident and based on a relation to God, others, self, and things. The theme "Seeking consolation," expresses consolation from self, others, things, or God. Interviewees in some cases regretted that they had no religious faith. Reasonably, most interviewees referred to religious consolation, as religion had been so closely connected with the word "consolation" all their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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| 12. |
- Isaksson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting the oldest old when completing a questionnaire : risking bias or gaining reliable results?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Research on aging. - : SAGE Publications. - 0164-0275 .- 1552-7573. ; 29:6, s. 576-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to elucidate the process of completing a questionnaire in a supportive face-to-face manner. A total of 12 participants, age 90 years or older, were asked to answer the Resilience Scale. The statements were read aloud and the participants answered verbally or by pointing to an enlarged copy of the reply form. Transcribed dialogues were analyzed by means of qualitative content analysis. Four types of dialogues were formulated: “Making a prompt decision,” “Deciding after a pensive dialogue,” “Deciding after an explanatory dialogue,” and “Deciding after an encouraging dialogue.” This article discusses risk for bias and ways to overcome the problem. The authors concluded that support via face-to-face interview in answering a questionnaire is valuable to obtaining valid data from very old persons.
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| 13. |
- Lundberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Standing alone on the frontline. The meaning of being a nurse in the archipelago : a phenomenological hermeneutical study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 37:4, s. 1048-1056
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate the meaning of being a nurse in the archipelago.Methodological Design and Justification: A phenomenological hermeneutical design was applied, as there is a need to understand the lifeworld and the meaning of being a nurse in the archipelago.Ethical Issues and Approval: Approval was granted by the Regional Ethical Committee and local management team. All participants provided consent to participate.Research Method: Individual interviews were conducted with 11 nurses (Registered Nurses or primary health nurses). The interviews were transcribed, and the text was analysed by means of phenomenological hermeneutical method.Results: The analyses ended in one main theme: Standing alone on the frontline, and three themes: 1. Combating sea, weather and the clock with the sub-themes: Fighting to give care to patients despite harsh conditions and Fighting against time; 2. Standing firm but wavering with the sub-themes: Embracing the unexpected and Calling out for support; and 3. Being a lifeline throughout the entire lifespan with the sub-themes: Having responsibility for the islanders and Having an intertwined private and work life.Study Limitations: The interviews may be considered few, but the textual data were rich and assessed suitable for the analysis. The text may be interpreted differently, but we deemed our interpretation as more probable than others.Conclusion: Being a nurse in the archipelago means standing alone on the frontline. Nurses, other health professionals and managers need knowledge and insight about working alone and the moral responsibilities thereof. There is a need to support the nurses in their lonely work. Traditional means of consultations and support could preferably be supplemented by modern digital technology.
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| 14. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Development and psychometric properties of the Inner Strength Scale
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 48:10, s. 1266-1274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Four dimensions of inner strength were previously identified in a meta-theoretical analysis: firmness, creativity, connectedness, and flexibility.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop an Inner Strength Scale (ISS) based on those four dimensions and to evaluate its psychometric properties.METHOD: An initial version of ISS was distributed for validation purpose with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the resilience scale, and the sense of Coherence Scale. A convenience sample of 391 adults, aged 19-90 years participated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used in the process of exploring, evaluating, and reducing the 63-item ISS to the 20-item ISS. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest were used to measure reliability.RESULTS: CFA showed satisfactory goodness-of-fit for the 20-item ISS. The analysis supported a fourfactor solution explaining 51% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha on the 20-item ISS was 0.86, and the test-retest showed stability over time (r=0.79).CONCLUSION: The ISS was found to be a valid and reliable instrument for capturing a multifaceted understanding of inner strength. Further tests of psychometric properties of the ISS will be performed in forthcoming studies.
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| 15. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Inner strength-A theoretical analysis of salutogenic concepts.
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 47:2, s. 251-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Theoretical and empirical overlaps between the concepts of resilience, sense of coherence, hardiness, purpose in life, and self-transcendence have earlier been described as some kind of inner strength, but no studies have been found that focus on what attributes these concepts have in common. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to perform a theoretical analysis of the concepts of resilience, sense of coherence, hardiness, purpose in life, and self-transcendence, in order to identify their core dimensions in an attempt to get an overarching understanding of inner strength. PRINT METHOD: An analysis inspired by the procedure of meta-theory construction was performed. The main questions underlying the development of the concepts, the major paradigms and the most prominent assumptions, the critical attributes and the characteristics of the various concepts were identified. RESULTS: The analysis resulted in the identification of four core dimensions of inner strength and the understanding that inner strength relies on the interaction of these dimensions: connectedness, firmness, flexibility, and creativity. These dimensions were validated through comparison with the original descriptions of the concepts. CONCLUSION: An overarching understanding of inner strength is that it means both to stand steady, to be firm, with both feet on the ground and to be connected to; family, friends, society, nature and spiritual dimensions and to be able to transcend. Having inner strength is to be creative and stretchable, which is to believe in own possibilities to act and to make choices and influence life's trajectory in a perceived meaningful direction. Inner strength is to shoulder responsibility for oneself and others, to endure and deal with difficulties and adversities. This knowledge about inner strength will raise the awareness of the concept and, in turn, hopefully increase our potential to support people's inner strength.
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| 16. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Inner strength in relation to functional status, disease, living arrangements, and social relationships among people aged 85 years and older
- 2012
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Ingår i: Geriatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4572 .- 1528-3984. ; 33:3, s. 167-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inner strength is described as an important resource that promotes well-being. We used data from a sample of 185 people in the Umeå 85+ cohort study to relate inner strength and its attributes to objective health variables. The Resilience, Sense of Coherence, Purpose in Life, and Self-Transcendence scales were used to assess aspects of inner strength, and strong correlations between the scales were found. Prevalence of heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, osteoporosis, or diagnosed depression was associated with low inner strength. Significant relationships were also found between high inner strength and various measures of social relationships. Participants with a higher degree of inner strength had better physical health and more satisfying social relationships. The promotion of inner strength should be a major aim of geriatric nursing.
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| 17. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Self-Transcendence Scale among very old people
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Measurement. - : Springer. - 1061-3749 .- 1945-7049. ; 23:1, s. 96-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study tested the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Self-Transcendence Scale (STS).METHODS: Cohen's weighted kappa, agreement, absolute reliability, relative reliability, and internal consistency were calculated, and the underlying structure of the STS was established by exploratory factor analysis. There were 2 samples available: 1 including 194 people aged 85-103 years and a convenience sample of 60 people aged 21-69 years.RESULTS: Weighted kappa values ranged from .40 to .89. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the original STS was .763, and the least significant change between repeated tests was 6.25 points.CONCLUSION: The revised STS was found to have satisfactory psychometric properties, and 2 of the 4 underlying dimensions in Reed's self-transcendence theory were supported.
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| 18. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Syn på åldrande och äldre personer
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Det goda åldrandet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144068046 ; , s. 17-40
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Melder, Cecilia A, T.Dr. 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Validating WHOQOL-SRPB in Sweden : instrument adaption for measuring existential aspects of health-related quality of life [HRQL] in secular contexts
- 2016
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 25, s. 100-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: To present the validation process of WHOQOL-SRPB andWHOQOL-SRPB BREF in Sweden, one of the most secular countriesin the world though multi-religious, thus emphasising the need forprerequisite adjustments for cultural validation of the spirituality,religiousness and personal beliefs facets [SRPB].Methods: Theprocess adopted here follows WHO guidelines for translation andadaptation of instruments: Forward and Back translation, Pre-testing,Cognitive Interviewing, and Final version. Four bilingually and biculturallyexperienced researchers worked in two groups, comprisingexperience of either the Swedish translation of WHOQOL-100, -Brefand -OLD, or research into existential public health. Based on initialindependent translations from each, a final version was then developedthrough consensus translation, which was then back-translated.A pre-testing phase was conducted with individuals representingdifferent religious and non-religious worldviews. The final Swedishversion was completed by 170 persons, aging between 21 and 89(m = 46.6), with 105 women, and comprising both ‘‘healthy’’ individualsand individuals with mental health or somatic issues.Results:It was found that the instruction and particularly SRPB items thatused religious terminology needed adjustment. For example, ‘‘Spiritualbeing’’ was replaced with ‘‘Spiritual dimension’’, ‘‘Belief’’ with‘‘Your belief/idea’’, and ‘‘higher and more powerful’’ (instructiontext) was translated to ‘‘force/power/dimension’’. The pre- test resultswere useful in this process, especially qualitative information fromindividuals representing secular existential worldviews includingdifferent philosophical and political traditions. The internal consistencyreliability of the overall SRPB-module was high (alpha = .97)as well as for the 8 facets (alpha ranging .80–.97). Test- retest(n = 19) showed r = .83 (p\.01). There were strong correlationsbetween all facets, the overall SRPB-module, and the overall qualityof life general health perceptions. No difference was found betweenwomen and men in the overall SRPB-module but in the ‘‘Connect’’facet, women scored higher (p = .02) whereas in ‘‘Peace’’ menscored higher (p = .04).Conclusions: The significance found throughusing existing translation/adaption guidelines, confirms that not onlyis it possible, but also relevant to include culturally validated existentialaspects in studies of HRQL even in contexts that are largelysecular.
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| 20. |
- Norberg, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Andlighet och åldrande
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Det goda åldrandet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144068046 ; , s. 121-139
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 21. |
- Norberg, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Förord
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Det goda åldrandet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144068046 ; , s. 13-15
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
- Norberg, Astrid, 1939-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-transcendence (ST) among very old people : its associations to social and medical factors and development over five years
- 2015
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 61:2, s. 247-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to describe the associations between ST and psychological and physical wellbeing among oldest old people and to test the influence of negative life events on ST, and the predictive value of the self-transcendence scale (STS) for mortality.BACKGROUND: ST has been identified as a valuable resource for transcending psychological and physical suffering and has been related to psychological wellbeing and higher quality of life.DESIGN: The study design was correlational, prospective, and longitudinal.SETTINGS: The participants were recruited from a medium-sized town and from an adjacent rural area in northern Sweden.METHOD: The sample consisted of 190 participants (123 women and 67 men) who completed the STS. At a 5-year follow-up, 55 people (29.5%) were alive and able to complete the assessments again.RESULTS: ST was positively associated with psychological wellbeing, self-rated health, having someone to talk with and being able to go outdoors independently. Diagnoses of depression, dementia disease, and osteoporosis were associated with lower STS scores as were living in a residential care facility, and feeling lonely. There was a significant relationship between the index of negative life events and ST between baseline and follow-up. More negative life events were associated with a larger decline in STS scores over five years.CONCLUSION: ST is an important source for wellbeing among the oldest old, and the accumulation of negative life events might threaten the ability to transcend setbacks.
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| 23. |
- Norberg, Astrid, 1939-, et al.
(författare)
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Transitioner under åldrandet
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Det goda åldrandet. - Lund. - 9789144068046 ; , s. 79-119
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
- Norberg, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Religious Orientation Among the Very Old
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1552-8030 .- 1552-8049. ; 24:4, s. 314-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to test a shortened version of the Swedish Religious Orientation Scale's (SROS) appropriateness, feasibility, and ability to distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation among very old people. The participants (n = 43) were Lutheran believers aged ≥85 years. They scored high on both the intrinsic and extrinsic sub-scales and a cluster analysis revealed three clusters of items, one measuring intrinsic religious orientation and two measuring extrinsic religious orientation. The shortened version of the SROS appears appropriate for distinguishing between intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation among very old people.
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| 25. |
- Norberg, Catharina, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Something wonderful and incomprehensible : Expressions and experiences of spirituality among very old people
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal for the Study of Spirituality. - : Routledge. - 2044-0243 .- 2044-0251. ; 9:2, s. 125-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to illuminate very old people’s experiences and expressions of spirituality and is a part of the Umeå 85+/Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA). The participants (n = 12) had declared an interest in spirituality, were 86–99 years of age, and were interviewed in their own homes. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The findings revealed that spirituality was experienced as being in communion, transcending life’s circumstances, and living in a spiritual reality. Spirituality was expressed as an inner sense of communion with God and with other people, and as a spiritual reality. The participants expressed a desire to talk about spiritual experiences and personal beliefs but regarded spirituality as an uncommon topic. Nurses and other professionals need to be aware of spiritual needs and prepared to give spiritual care.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Santamäki Fischer, Regina, et al.
(författare)
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Feeling Whole : The meaning of being consoled as narrated by very old people
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of psychology and theology. - : Sage Publications. - 0091-6471 .- 2328-1162. ; 64:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interviews with 13 people, over 85 years, with high scored Self-transcendence, were analyzed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method. The meaning of being consoled was interpreted to Feeling whole, an immediate experience of: being carried and embraced by God (Feeling connected to God), supported by the loving care and affection from others (Feeling connected to fellow beings and the world), being relaxed, peaceful and full of joy and experiencing hope (Being connected to self).
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| 29. |
- Santamäki Fischer, Regina, et al.
(författare)
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"I'm on my way" The meaning of being oldest old, as narrated by people aged 95 and over
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Religion Spirituality and Aging. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1552-8049 .- 1552-8030. ; 19:2, s. 3-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A phenomenological hermeneutic analysis of interviews with 12 persons aged between 95 and 103 years was performed to uncover the meaning of the lived experience of being oldest old. Two themes were formulated, namely, being in stillness and in movement, which involves being in one’s aged body, unable to move, and being in the stillness of the inner person occupied with an inner movement of remembering, and reconciling with, life; and being at the threshold and being ready to let go, which implies being at peace with God and feeling confidence despite the anxiety of dying. A comprehensive understanding was formulated based
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| 30. |
- Santamäki-Fischer, Regina, et al.
(författare)
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Living amidst consolation in the presence of God : Perceptions of consolation among the oldest old.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Religion Spirituality and Aging. - 1552-8049. ; 19:3, s. 3-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes how 90-year-olds and older people perceive consolation. Qualitative Content analysis of 49 interviews revealed four categories: consolation by God; consolation from others; consolation from self; and consolation from things, which were present in two themes. The theme "Living amidst consolation in the presence of God" was a core theme and expresses consolation as self-evident and based on a relation to God, others, self, and things. The theme "Seeking consolation," expresses consolation from self, others, things, or God. Interviewees in some cases regretted that they had no religious faith. Reasonably, most interviewees referred to religious consolation, as religion had been so closely connected with the word "consolation" all their lives.
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| 31. |
- Santamäki Fischer, Regina, 1952-
(författare)
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Living in consolation while growing very old
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Growing very old into late life means increased suffering that may lead to despair and call for consolation. This thesis looks at the lived experience of very old people and aim at illuminating the meaning of growing very old and the meaning of consolation when growing old. It is part of the Umeå 85+ Study, and of the Consolation Study at the Department of Nursing, Umeå University. The participants were 85, 90, or 95 years old or over, living in the county of Umeå. The thesis comprises four studies with data from thematic interviews that are analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method (Studies I, II, IV) and qualitative content analysis (III). For Study I the transcribed interviews of 15 85-year-old people were analyzed and disclosed the meaning of growing very old as: maintaining one’s identity in spite of the changes that come with aging—that is, being able to balance change with feeling the same. This was based on four themes: balancing weakness and strength, balancing slowness and swiftness of time, balancing reconciliation and regret, and balancing connectedness and loneliness. In Study II, interviews with 12 people between 95 and 103 years old were analyzed and disclosed the meaning of being very old as living in hope and being on the move, based on two themes: Being in stillness and in movement, which involves being in one’s aged body, unable to move, and being in the stillness of the inner person occupied with remembering and reconciling life; and Being at the threshold ready to let go, which implies being at peace and feeling confident despite the anxiety of dying. Study III describes how 90-years old and older people perceive consolation. Qualitative Content analysis of 49 interviews revealed four categories perceiving consolation connected to God, others, self, and things and presented in two themes: “Living amidst consolation in the presence of God” and “Seeking consolation”. Study IV examines the meaning of being consoled when growing very old. The interviews with 13 people over 85 years who scored high on a self-transcendent scale were analysed and disclosed the meaning of being consoled as an immediate experience of being carried and embraced by God and supported by the loving care and affection from others and the world, being relaxed, peaceful and full of joy and experiencing hope. The interpretation was based on the main theme Feeling whole, comprising the following themes: Being connected to self, Feeling connected to fellow beings and the world, Feeling connected to God. The meaning of growing very old and the meaning of consolation when growing very old point at a way of aging into late life interpreted as living in consolation. Reminiscence, reflecting on life and transcendence are resources when growing very old that were interpreted to being related to consolation. Thus growing very old and living in consolation is to transcend and come in communion with the sacred; with goodness, light, joy, beauty and life and hope, carried by a connectedness to God (e.g. Higher power) and supported by a connectedness to fellow beings and the world.
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| 32. |
- Santamäki Fischer, Regina, et al.
(författare)
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Still going strong : perceptions of the body among 85-year-old people in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1748-3735 .- 1748-3743. ; 1:3, s. 14-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Studies on the lived experience of an aging body are scarce.Aim and objectives. The aim of this study was to illuminate the experiences of the body among elderly people.Design. This study is part of the Umeå 85+ Study, a cross‐sectional investigation into successful aging and threats against successful aging. The present study has an explorative design.Methods. The text from 40 thematic interviews with 85‐year‐olds was analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results. Two themes and seven subthemes were developed. The theme: Still going strong encompassed the subthemes of Exercising and being active, Caring for one’s body, Standing on one’s own two feet and Feeling healthy. The theme: Adapting to a failing body encompassed the subthemes of Not being able to perform activities and manage by oneself, Feeling fatigued and Compensating for bodily decline.Conclusions. The participants felt that the body was still a source of pleasure, in spite of its defects. Assistive devices were important for the maintenance of independence when the body declined.Relevance to clinical practice. When caring for elderly people with declining bodily function, it is important to have appropriate and well‐tested equipment in readiness.
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| 33. |
- Santamäki Fischer, Regina, et al.
(författare)
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Tröst och trygghet
- 2014. - 2
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Ingår i: Omvårdnadens grunder. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144083537 ; , s. 297-322
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 34. |
- Santamäki Fischer, Regina, et al.
(författare)
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Vård och omsorg för ett gott åldrande
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Det goda åldrandet. - Lund. - 9789144068046 ; , s. 259-272
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 35. |
- Tolmunen, Pirkko, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' experiences of assisting by touch in older adult care
- 2022
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Ingår i: Holistic Nursing Practice. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0887-9311 .- 1550-5138. ; 00:00, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to describe nurses' experiences of touch and especially touch when assisting older adult patients in hospital context. The interviewed nurses described 2 ways of assisting by touch: striving to be present and not being there. This study shows that touching and assisting by touch can constitute the core of the act of holistic caring in nursing, in which the most important content is a real encounter with the patient.
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| 36. |
- Viglund, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the selection, optimization, compensation questionnaire
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 27:2, s. 460-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The model of selection, optimization and compensation has been proposed as a model of adaptive management strategies throughout the lifespan.Aim: The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of a translated Swedish version of the 12-item selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) questionnaire.Method: The 12-item SOC questionnaire is composed of four subscales: elective selection (ES), loss-based selection, optimization and compensation. A convenience sample of 122 Swedish-speaking people, aged 19-85, participated in a study of the validity and reliability of the SOC questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient, corrected item-total correlation and Cronbach's alpha if item deleted were used for reliability testing. Two other scales, the ways of coping questionnaire and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, were used to test convergent validity, and the geriatric depression scale was used to test discriminant validity. Stability over time was evaluated using a test-retest model with a 2-week interval.Results: The 12-item SOC questionnaire showed a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.50, and the subscales ranged from α=0.16 to α=0.64. Two items in the ES subscale had negative values on the corrected item-total correlation and showed substantial improvement (>0.05) in Cronbach's alpha when item deleted. When these two items that influenced internal consistency were deleted, Cronbach's alpha rose to 0.68.Conclusion: The Swedish version of the 12-item SOC questionnaire showed deficiencies in a test of internal consistency because of two items in the ES subscale, and these two items were deleted. A consequence of the reduction is a weakening of the ES subscale and thereby to some extent the SOC questionnaire in total. Further testing is advisable. However, the 10-item SOC questionnaire was acceptable in a test of validity and reliability.
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