| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Coronakrisen synliggör behovet av att analysera arbete som ett kall
- 2020
-
In: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692 .- 2002-343X. ; 26:3, s. 70-73
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Under pågående pandemi vittnar yrkesutövare inom vård och omsorg om allvarliga arbetsmiljöbrister, samtidigt som framställningar av arbetets vidare mening aldrig varit så närvarande. Sociologerna Bengtsson och Flisbäck betonar vikten av att återuppväcka kallbegreppet, vilket varit utskällt i debatter om svenskt arbetsliv.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Existential Driving Forces to Work after Retirement : The Example of Physicians’ Mentoring
- 2021
-
In: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - : Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library. - 2245-0157.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The article addresses physicians who work as group supervisors or mentors in a training program after having formally retired. The driving forces to continue to work are analyzed in terms of the development of existential meaning of work at a particular stage of the life cycle. We argue that a deeper understanding of the existential driving forces, that both cause physicians to accept post-retirement mentoring tasks and that is awakened and developed in this specific work, would contribute to a deeper understanding of why individuals continue working into old age. However, in political discussions of an extended working life, similar aspects tend to be disregarded. Understanding the existential driving forces that cause an individual to continue working after retirement may be crucial to comprehending how we can take advantage of the resources of the older workforce and, thus, realize human potential at a later stage of the life cycle.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Första stegen. Att lära sig bli ett självcentrerat subjekt
- 2017
-
In: Bengtsson M., Flisbäck M., Lund A. Farväl till arbetet: sociologiska perspektiv på meningen med att gå i pension. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789188168597 ; , s. 155-177
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Illuminating Existential Meaning: A New Approach in the Study of Retirement
- 2021
-
In: Qualitative Sociology Review. - : Uniwersytet Lodzki (University of Lodz). - 1733-8077. ; 17:1, s. 196-214
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Current discussions on the importance of retirement are largely built on statistical analyses of longitudinal data showing that well-being seldom changes from before to after entering retirement, but is rather mainly dependent on the individual’s social resource position. In contrast, qualitatively oriented researchers underline that the retirement process is a complex life transition that needs to be further illuminated. To do this, however, we need to advance new theoretical and methodological perspectives. In this article, an existential sociology approach is outlined, emphasizing the multifaceted spectra of lived experiences and meaning-making in the retirement process. The phenomenological approaches of existential sociology allow us to consider how the exit from working life is created in the processes of motion rather than as expressions of static positions. A merit of this approach is that retirement as an empirical case may say something general about being in transition as a basic social condition. In the article, we discuss how a socio-biographical methodology, based on longitudinal qualitative interviews, helps us capture how existential meaning is formed and re-formed in the ambiguous situations which arise in similar life-course transitions. Theoretically, we especially draw on concepts from the existential anthropologist Jackson and the phenomenological tradition of existential philosophers such as Arendt and Heidegger.
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Inledning
- 2017
-
In: Bengtsson M., Flisbäck M., Lund A. Farväl till arbetet: sociologiska perspektiv på meningen med att gå i pension. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789188168597 ; , s. 9-26
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Möjligheter till meningsfullt arbete i ett förlängt yrkesliv: En studie av äldre läkares grupphandledning av utlandsutbildade kollegor
- 2019
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In: Arbetsliv i omvandling. - Lund. - 1404-8426. ; 2019:1, s. 1-61
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- I texten studeras äldre läkares grupphandledning av utlandsutbildade kollegor som ett fall av meningsfullt arbete i ett förlängt yrkesliv. När det fastslås att ett förlängt yrkesliv behövs för att säkra samhällets välfärdsnivå ställs ofta frågan om vilka arbetsuppgifter som äldre kan utföra. Vi pekar istället på hur äldre kan besitta specifika kompetenser som är viktiga att tillvarata. Samtidigt hävdar vi att möjligheten till ett förlängt yrkesliv bör belysas utifrån att det finns livs- och åldersspecifika drivkrafter för att utföra vissa typer av uppgifter. Att ta vara på äldres specifika kompetenser genom sysslor som är existentiellt meningsfulla är således väsentligt ur samhälls-, organisations- och individperspektiv. I textens avslutning reflekterar vi över hur dessa aspekter skulle kunna överföras till fler yrken än det studerade. Fallets överförbarhet problematiseras när vi pekar på hur klassvillkor samspelar med möjligheten till ett meningsfullt arbete och att vara i en position där kompetensen inte betraktas som utbytbar.
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| 9. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
När ett kall ska lämnas
- 2017
-
In: Bengtsson M., Flisbäck M., Lund A. Farväl till arbetet: sociologiska perspektiv på meningen med att gå i pension. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789188168597 ; , s. 139-154
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 10. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
När kallet ställs på sin spets: Pensionering ur ett existenssociologiskt perspektiv
- 2016
-
In: Sociologisk forskning. - Falun : Sveriges Sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 53:2, s. 127-150
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article we analyze how the meaning and value of work can emerge, be defined and redefined in relation to the coming of retirement, by focusing individuals with dedicated work approaches interpreted as a calling. By relying on an existential sociology framework we analyze the retirement process as an existential imperative, e.g. life phases or processes where questions on meaning and life quality become prominent. For the interviewees, the day of retirement becomes a sort of a road sign that – depending on the distance of time to the point of retirement – has intensified existential questions and the meaning of work. The article explores the defining dimensions of a calling as found in the interviewees dedicated work approaches. We address the types of problems and opportunities that arise when the interviewees are soon to retire and their associated strategies: listening to a calling on ”standby”; learning not to listen to one’s calling, listening to a calling from a private sphere and project the calling’s commitment to other activities.
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| 11. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, et al.
(author)
-
När kallet ställs på sin spets: Pensionering ur ett existenssociologiskt perspektiv : When the calling is brought to a head: Retirement from an existential sociology perspective
- 2016
-
In: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sociologisk forskning. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 53:2, s. 127-150
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article we analyze how the meaning and value of work can emerge, be defined and redefined in relation to the coming of retirement, by focusing individuals with dedicated work approaches interpreted as a calling. By relying on an existential sociology framework we analyze the retirement process as an existential imperative, e.g. life phases or processes where questions on meaning and life quality become prominent. For the interviewees, the day of retirement becomes a sort of a road sign that – depending on the distance of time to the point of retirement – has intensified existential questions and the meaning of work. The article explores the defining dimensions of a calling as found in the interviewees dedicated work approaches. We address the types of problems and opportunities that arise when the interviewees are soon to retire and their associated strategies: listening to a calling on ”standby”; learning not to listen to one’s calling, listening to a calling from a private sphere and project the calling’s commitment to other activities.
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| 12. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
On leaving work as a calling: retirement as an existential imperative
- 2017
-
In: International Journal of Ageing and Later Life. - : Linkoping University Electronic Press. - 1652-8670. ; 11:1, s. 37-67
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, we argue that we will reach a deepened understanding of what the retirement process means for individuals if existential meaning is the centre of attention. The data consist of qualitative interviews conducted in Sweden. A selected type of employee whose work we define as a ‘‘calling’’ is examined to analyse the existential meaning of work and how it is formed and challenged in relation to the retirement process. Before their retirement, the interviewees had developed threemain strategies for handling the process of de-calling: developing a ‘‘calling on standby,’’ exploring self-improvement activities and listening to callings from other social spheres. After their retirement, three main strategies arose for dealing with being de-called: conserving the calling, learning to become a self-oriented subject and redefining the calling. In the case of conserving the calling, we show how this may result in experiences of economic exploitation and existential frustration.
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| 13. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Pensioneringens synliggörande av arbetet som ett kall
- 2017
-
In: Bengtsson M., Flisbäck M., Lund A. Farväl till arbetet: sociologiska perspektiv på meningen med att gå i pension. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789188168597 ; , s. 117-138
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Tid för ny mening. Pensionering som ett existentiellt imperativ
- 2017
-
In: Bengtsson M., Flisbäck M., Lund A. Farväl till arbetet: sociologiska perspektiv på meningen med att gå i pension. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789188168597 ; , s. 51-68
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 16. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
When the calling is brought to a head: Retirement from an existential sociology perspective
- 2016
-
In: Sociologisk forskning. - 0038-0342. ; 53:2, s. 127-150
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article we analyze how the meaning and value of work can emerge, be defined and redefined in relation to the coming of retirement, by focusing individuals with dedicated work approaches interpreted as a calling. By relying on an existential sociology framework we analyze the retirement process as an existential imperative, e.g. life phases or processes where questions on meaning and life quality become prominent. For the interviewees, the day of retirement becomes a sort of a road sign that - depending on the distance of time to the point of retirement - has intensified existential questions and the meaning of work. The article explores the defining dimensions of a calling as found in the interviewees dedicated work approaches. We address the types of problems and opportunities that arise when the interviewees are soon to retire and their associated strategies: listening to a calling on "standby"; learning not to listen to one's calling, listening to a calling from a private sphere and project the callings commitment to other activities. © Författarna och Suveriges Sociologförbund.
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| 17. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(author)
-
Work as a Calling: Existential Dimensions of Individuals’ Work Orientations
- 2020
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In: Work Orientations: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Findings. - Abingdon, Oxfordshire : Routledge. - 9781351121149 ; , s. 75-101
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to deepen the understanding of existential meaning dimensions of work activities, and the calling is highlighted as an example of existential work orientation. The data was collected in 2014 and 2015 and consist of qualitative interviews both before and after retirement with Swedish employees reflecting a qualitative spectrum of occupations. A group of respondents showed such great dedication to work, and that work aligned with a broader sense of purpose, that their work orientations were defined as a calling. In the empirical analyses, five main components of a calling is outlined: 1) work appears as an external summons; 2) the purpose of the work activity is to serve a higher cause; 3) work is carried out with personality as a tool; 4) work involves self-sacrifice, 5) and work gives rise to elevation. Moreover, the chapter shows that the retirement process acts as a so-called existential imperative that can make visible and enforce meaning dimensions in relation to work. Thus, it is argued that the retirement process is a critical empirical case for making visible work as a calling. Finally, the chapter discusses how retirement as an external force “de-calling” the life task could act both as freedom and curse for individuals having experienced pros and cons of work as a calling.
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| 18. |
- Björk, Micael, 1966, et al.
(author)
-
Introduktion
- 2005
-
In: I sitt sammanhang. Essäer om kultur och politik tillägnade Rolf Törnqvist. - Eslöv : Brutus Östlings bokf Symposion. - 9171397507
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 19. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965-, et al.
(author)
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System and Life-Course Perspectives on Capability to Work and Capability Through Work
- 2022
-
In: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Capability in Age and Ageing. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030780654 ; , s. 207-219
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The capability approach is relevant to gaining a conceptual understanding of individuals’ abilities and motivation to work and to explore the potential consequences that various working conditions have for people when they reach old age. Here, the capability concept is complemented with system theory to understand the multi-component key resources for capability to work among older workers, and also the conversion factors – capability through work – at individual, micro, meso, macro and chrono-levels. The theoretical approach is exemplified by studies from the interdisciplinary field of work sciences. The chapter describes central working-life conditions, conversion factors for crafting capability to work and examples of patterns of interactions between capability to work and capability through work. To support practical applications, we suggest important conversion factors and patterns of interaction between capability to work and capability through working-life resources. In sum, having a reasonable degree of control and influence (freedom of choice) at work and opportunities to make individual deals and adjustments that match one’s values, abilities, competence and experience are important for individual preference of a long working life. This requires an organisation that focuses on the value of work and promotes a general learning climate through broad participation.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973-, et al.
(author)
-
A sociology of existence for a late modern world. Basic assumptions and conceptual tools
- 2024
-
In: JOURNAL FOR THE THEORY OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-8308 .- 1468-5914.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the present article, we outline basic assumptions and conceptual tools for a sociology of existence. First, we address man's fundamental conditions of existence: that life's finitude and encounters with the uncertainty of existence are fundamental experiences that construct social relations. Second, we outline how existential meaning-making and the ability to cope with the unpredictability of life are dependent on power resources, where especially the resource poor may experience 'existential nausea'. Third, we discuss how existential dilemmas may intensify under certain historical eras. Therefore, studying individuals' existential dilemmas is a tool to examine the dominant social issues at a particular time and place. Fourth, we elaborate on the importance of studying turning points during individuals' life courses, as existential meaning - or lack thereof - becomes particularly salient at these times. This includes an understanding that death and rebirth are experienced in the form of various endings and beginnings in everyday life. Fifth, and finally, we emphasize an analysis in which the direction of people's lives is conceptualized in a broad time perspective, where past, present, and future interact and influence life choices and social relations constructed during a lifetime.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973-, et al.
(author)
-
Artists' Autonomy and Professionalization in a New Cultural Policy Landscape
- 2015
-
In: Professions & Professionalism. - : Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences. - 1893-1049. ; 5:2, s. 1-16
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using literature on the professions, the article explores how a new political model for funding and steering may affect professional autonomy. Professional groups’ efforts to independently practice their profession during times of political change are elaborated. The professional group in questions is artists, the context is Sweden, and the new model is called the Collaborative Cultural Model. This model entails a shift in the funding and realization of cultural policy from the national to the regional level. From a situation in which civil servants with specific culture knowledge were involved, politicians, representatives of civil society, civil servants and artists are now to work together to create a regional culture plan. In the article, two different outcomes of the new model are discussed as possible. It can lead to de-professionalization process, particularly if the policy on keeping outside influences at “arm’s length” weakens. On the other hand, negotiations between different actors could result in artists’ knowledge becoming more prominent and receiving more recognition than previously. This, in turn, could promote professional artists’ status.
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| 25. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973
(author)
-
Att framhäva val och hävda möjligheter. Det rationella som strategi för erkännande i lågstatusyrken
- 2008
-
In: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692. ; 14:4, s. 27-42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Att framhålla yrkesvalet som rationellt kan för den som är verksam inom ett lågstatusyrke vara ett sätt att undkomma lågt erkännande. I artikeln undersöker författaren hur några livsmedels- och lagerarbetare beskriver valet av arbetsuppgifter som medvetna livsprioriteringar. Konstruktionen av sig själv som aktör tolkas som en strategi för att undgå en offerroll. Kampen om erkännande förefaller ha en relationell aspekt. Återkommande jämförs den egna arbetssituationen med villkoren för verksamma inom högstatusyrken.
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| 26. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973-
(author)
-
Att framhäva val och hävda möjligheter. Det rationella som strategi för erkännande i lågstatusyrken
- 2008
-
In: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - 1400-9692 .- 2002-343X. ; 14:4, s. 27-42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Att framhålla sitt yrkesval som rationellt kan för den som är verksam inom ett lågstatusyrke vara ett sätt att undkomma lågt erkännande. I denna artikel undersöks hur några livsmedels- och lagerarbetare beskriver valet av arbetsuppgifter som medvetna livsprioriteringar. Konstruktionen av sig själv som aktör tolkas som en strategi för att undgå en offerroll. Kampen om erkännande förefaller ha en relationell aspekt genom att den egna arbetssituationen återkommande jämförs med villkoren för verksamma inom högstatusyrken.
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| 27. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973
(author)
-
Att lära sig konstens regler. En sociologisk studie av osäkra framtidsinvesteringar. : Learning the rules of art - A sociological study of uncertain future investments
- 2006
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation illuminates approaches to artistic professional fields with uncertain conditions and work markets. The aim is to examine eleven actors' career paths in terms of position-taking and capital accumulation. The empirical material builds upon sequential interviews wmch have taken place on four occasions, between 1999 and 2003/2004, with seven young women. On one occasion, four well-established professors of art have also been interviewed. The study investigates how the actors negotiate about careers in relation to economic standard, housing and family projects, as weil as what significance class and gender identity, security and uncertainty have had in these contexts. Theoretical linkage is to Pierre Bourdieu's conflict perspective and feministic views of actors' resources and possibilities to compete and negotiate with these resources. Anthony Giddens' and Ulrich Beck's theories are used to understand people's choice situations, security-seeking, and reflexive possibilities in relation to a modern society. For the interviewees, the artistic path's risks concern opportunities for work and reasonable income, what is suitable to acmeve and present in artistic contexts, and anxiety that one's creative ability may disappear. They see the more positive chances in the profession's potential freedom and the possibility of contributing through art to something aesthetically, etmcally and politically meaningful in society. In the dissertation, two theoretical tools are developed for analysing one's attitude toward the future. The 'vision biography' is a conscious plan where the future is more calculable by comparison with the 'practical future-feeling', which is an investment made to agreater extent on a level of practical action. To deal with the artistic profession's uncertainties, it is irnportant to have learned, early in family and educational contexts, with the more or less explicit rules of the game. It is then easier to survey career paths and have confidence that the obstacles in the path can be overcome. This trust enables the actors to strengthen reliance in their artistic abilities and to cope better with the ideology of will that they encounter during the journey - an outlook in wmch individual will and ambition are seen as the primary foundation of artistic careers. In various portals to professionai fields of art, the interviewees build up a practical feeling about their future prospects. They learn a modernistic conception that artistic selfdevelopment is hindered by care for other people. The seven young women reproduce this dualistic mental image in their career paths, but also challenge it by maintaining that selfdevelopment can equally weil involve social relations and taking time to consider what future they want. As a kind of children of freedom in late modern fields, they try both to control the future and to make the most of the present. Thus they are less classically combative than an earlier modernistic avant-garde and exploit experiences from private life as cuituraI resources, which they weave together in a life-political manner of working. Artistic activity thereby becomes a practice where the borders between public and private are diffuse - a capacity which, however, depends on previous experiences and accumulated capital, as weil as the times and spaces in which they operate.
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| 28. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973-
(author)
-
Att lära sig konstens regler. En sociologisk studie av osäkra framtidsinvesteringar.
- 2006
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation illuminates approaches to artistic professional fields with uncertain conditions and work markets. The aim is to examine eleven actors' career paths in terms of position-taking and capital accumulation. The empirical material builds upon sequential interviews wmch have taken place on four occasions, between 1999 and 2003/2004, with seven young women. On one occasion, four well-established professors of art have also been interviewed. The study investigates how the actors negotiate about careers in relation to economic standard, housing and family projects, as weil as what significance class and gender identity, security and uncertainty have had in these contexts. Theoretical linkage is to Pierre Bourdieu's conflict perspective and feministic views of actors' resources and possibilities to compete and negotiate with these resources. Anthony Giddens' and Ulrich Beck's theories are used to understand people's choice situations, security-seeking, and reflexive possibilities in relation to a modern society. For the interviewees, the artistic path's risks concern opportunities for work and reasonable income, what is suitable to acmeve and present in artistic contexts, and anxiety that one's creative ability may disappear. They see the more positive chances in the profession's potential freedom and the possibility of contributing through art to something aesthetically, etmcally and politically meaningful in society. In the dissertation, two theoretical tools are developed for analysing one's attitude toward the future. The 'vision biography' is a conscious plan where the future is more calculable by comparison with the 'practical future-feeling', which is an investment made to agreater extent on a level of practical action. To deal with the artistic profession's uncertainties, it is irnportant to have learned, early in family and educational contexts, with the more or less explicit rules of the game. It is then easier to survey career paths and have confidence that the obstacles in the path can be overcome. This trust enables the actors to strengthen reliance in their artistic abilities and to cope better with the ideology of will that they encounter during the journey - an outlook in wmch individual will and ambition are seen as the primary foundation of artistic careers. In various portals to professionai fields of art, the interviewees build up a practical feeling about their future prospects. They learn a modernistic conception that artistic selfdevelopment is hindered by care for other people. The seven young women reproduce this dualistic mental image in their career paths, but also challenge it by maintaining that selfdevelopment can equally weil involve social relations and taking time to consider what future they want. As a kind of children of freedom in late modern fields, they try both to control the future and to make the most of the present. Thus they are less classically combative than an earlier modernistic avant-garde and exploit experiences from private life as cuitural resources, which they weave together in a life-political manner of working. Artistic activity thereby becomes a practice where the borders between public and private are diffuse - a capacity which, however, depends on previous experiences and accumulated capital, as weil as the times and spaces in which they operate.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973
(author)
-
Att urskilja allianser för att hantera osäkerhet : Perceiving alliances – a way of handle uncertainty
- 2009
-
In: SocialVetenskaplig tidskrift. - 1104-1420. ; 16:1, s. 38-55
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article is based upon interviews with prosecutors, defendants and witnesses, who tell that they during court proceedings have identified alliances between other participants. The interviewees understood phrases, gestures, laughter and positions taken in the court-room as a pretext for creation of alliances and explain the perceived fellowship as a result of social homogeneity grounded in categories as class, gender, sexuality or ethnicity. The understanding of these issues or codes of performance that allegedly unify other actors is here seen as a strategy to create safety in uncertain and unfamiliar situations. In this perspective we may say that structural explanations help the interviewee to account for feeling excluded or regarded as untrustworthy. At the same time as alliances are categorized, the individuals construct – as if through the eyes of “the others” – an image of themselves as deviant with regard to race, generation or sexuality. Whether or not the alliances of “the others” had an influence on the judgment, or were aimed to do so, these perceived alliances and their expressions occasionally made the interviewees feel uncomfortable and excluded, and some of them claimed that this sense of being excluded or disrespected had lasted for a long time after the court proceedings.
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| 32. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973-
(author)
-
Att urskilja allianser för att hantera osäkerhet
- 2009
-
In: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 1104-1420 .- 2003-5624. ; 16:1, s. 38-55
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article is based upon interviews with prosecutors, defendants and witnesses, who tell that they during court proceedings have identified alliances between other participants. The interviewees understood phrases, gestures, laughter and positions taken in the court-room as a pretext for creation of alliances and explain the perceived fellowship as a result of social homogeneity grounded in categories as class, gender, sexuality or ethnicity. The understanding of these issues or codes of performance that allegedly unify other actors is here seen as a strategy to create safety in uncertain and unfamiliar situations. In this perspective we may say that structural explanations help the interviewee to account for feeling excluded or regarded as untrustworthy. At the same time as alliances are categorized, the individuals construct – as if through the eyes of “the others” – an image of themselves as deviant with regard to race, generation or sexuality. Whether or not the alliances of “the others” had an influence on the judgment, or were aimed to do so, these perceived alliances and their expressions occasionally made the interviewees feel uncomfortable and excluded, and some of them claimed that this sense of being excluded or disrespected had lasted for a long time after the court proceedings.
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| 33. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973-
(author)
-
Conversations in couple relationships: a trustful foundation when making future parenthood “real”
- 2024
-
In: Frontiers in Sociology. - 2297-7775. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sociologists often argue that communication in long-term couple relationships is the basis on which expectations, trust, and equality are created in contemporary society. However, what is the role of these everyday conversations in uncertain life situations such as expecting one’s first child? This article examines concerns reported by prospective Swedish parents in order to explain the role of communication to alleviate these. Concerns, related to the formation of new relationships with one’s partner, oneself, and one’s future child, are mitigated by referring to the couple’s “good” communication. In the present prenatal situation, the communication pattern (established in the past) seems to serve three functions in mitigating future concerns: (1) the communication generates a trust capital in the relationship, allowing the couple to venture into the uncertain future, (2) the communication makes social perceptions of family life “real” by constructing a common nomos that is internalized in the individual as an existential motto, and (3) the communication legitimizes family practices as democratic when referring to future plans as emerging from responsive and consensual dialogs. In the article it is emphasized that welfare policy needs to be based on an existential legitimacy, often developed in couple conversations, and particularly shaped in life situations characterized by change. However, the stability offered at the conversational micro level may simultaneously prevent macro level changes, a complexity that needs to be considered when developing a gender equality policy that is to resonate with people’s existential meaning making. With the aim of consensus, and the means of balancing conflicts, there is a risk that the conversation will consolidate the interests of the stronger party. In this way, the responsive conversations in long-term relationships may consolidate gender inequality and counteract the welfare policy goal of equalizing power relationships.
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| 34. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973
(author)
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Creating a Life: The Role of Symbolic and Economic Structures in the Gender Dynamics of Swedish Artists
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Cultural Policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1028-6632 .- 1477-2833. ; 19:4, s. 462-480
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article examines the prevalence of parenthood among professionally practising artists in Sweden. The overall aim of the article is to employ feministic and sociological perspectives to provide a theoretically-based understanding of the problems of balancing work and family life in the arts. Data are presented that reveals that female artists are more frequently childless compared to their male counterparts and women in the overall population. Male artists, however, are less frequently childless than men in general. The article develops a theoretical explanation focused on the effect of economic resource structures, which leave women artists to cope with lower incomes with which to pursue careers in the arts, and symbolic structures, which present creative work as difficult to combine with everyday domestic work. Given that motherhood continues to be associated with more comprehensive caring responsibilities than fatherhood, women are more frequently confronted with a choice between starting a family and pursuing their artistic calling.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Exploring blind spots of retirement: Individuals’ meaning-making from an existential sociology perspective
- 2014
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In: The 27th Conference of the Nordic Sociological Association, Exploring Blind Spots, Lund, Sweden, August 14–16 2014. ; , s. 1-21
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to develop a theoretical framework for the exploration of ‘blind spots of retirement’ as part of the research project ‘Towards a new everyday: Individuals’ meaning-making at the entry of retirement from a social inequality perspective’. Retirement is regarded as a socially marked point in the life course of individuals that signalizes societal norms on when it is appropriate to withdraw from employment. However, these norms do not always coincide with peoples’ needs and values. Some have to withdraw earlier due to illness; others both want and are able to work for several additional years. Even if the paths of withdrawal are heterogeneous, retirement is a main transitional phase in peoples’ lives as they depart from everyday labour activities and its associated communities, identities and meaning-making processes. Thus, we introduce a new sociological framework for the study of retirement by combining important insights from areas as existential sociology, sociology of work and the welfare state, cultural sociology and social stratification. This theoretical framework deals with the prominent values, norms and beliefs in the institutions of retirement and employment, with meaning-making and social identity formation, and with the issue of social inequality. We present a holistic perspective serving a methodological approach of what retirement as a transitional phase means for individuals – existentially, socially and materially. Thus, we will be able to explore blind spots in how people create meaning, as well as consider and establish new routines, identities and social belongings. We highlight into what extent existential issues, new forms of meaning-making and identities are related to social inequality and shaped by the strong work ethic in Western societies.
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| 39. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973
(author)
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Familjebildning och konstnärskapets fria vingar : Family life and the free wings of artists
- 2009
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In: Tidskrift för genusvetenskap. - Uppsala. ; 4, s. 78-94
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Artistic professions may be characterised as risky activities with large investments in relation to the rewards that most of the practitioners can expect. Despite investing in long education, artists have a weak position on the work market and risk long periods without income or work, which makes extra jobs largely essential for sustenance. Since the art profession requires a continuous investment of time, it can also be difficult to distinguish clearly from other spheres of life, and thus it influences both one’s economic standard and family life. The field is also pervaded with a romanticism, where one has to challenge the world individually, an idea of artistic self-development as something in opposition to daily life, family life and security. Feministic researchers have claimed that artistic development and family life often have been regarded as mutually opposed phenomena. In this article I discuss what meanings this can have for young women with artistic ambitions. The article is based upon sequential, follow-up interviews with seven women with artistic interests. I discuss what these women think about their future, the distribution of time between artistic activity, work at home and family life. The interviewees in some way accept the romantic idea that free wings of self-development are fettered by care for other people. But at the same time as they reproduce this dualistic notion, they try to challenge it. They emphasise the potential freedoms which they see that family formation can offer. Having children is regarded as a journey of cultivation. In this way artistic activity becomes a practice where the limits between public and private are erased and self-development seems able to deal with social relations.
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| 40. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973-
(author)
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Från generell bild till individuellt ansikte : att hantera oförståelse och stereotypt bemötande i fyra lågstatusyrken
- 2010
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In: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 47:1, s. 29-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- From general images to individual features: managing lack of understanding and stereotypes in four low-status occupationsIndividuals shape an image of themselves and their surroundings in relation to how they assume that others regard them. In these situations occupation is essential. Categorizations, valuations and rewards associated with occupations are among the most fundamental instruments used for domination in the social world. Hence it is interesting to study how groups and individuals who experience low occupational status manage their social positions. This article, based upon interviews with workers in food industry, waitresses/waiters, storesmen and dustmen, analyzes how the interviewees handle low respect, here expressed as lack of understanding and stereotyping. Three different positions are distinguished, arguing that one of them implies a stronger identification with the occupation than do the other two, which to a greater extent agree with stereotyped images. In the first position, the workers disagree with stereotypes of low-status jobs as apathetic, heavy or simple, and assert that their occupation has specific values such as self-development, qualifications or advantage to society. In the second position, low recognition is avoided through little identification with the occupation. The interviewees separate themselves and who they are from their jobs, and find it ridiculous to speak about it in terms of self-development or qualifications when so many are able to do the job. In the third position, the interviewees emphasize that their own place of work is less heavy than the job in general. Through the third strategy their particular tasks are seen as exceptional and their identification with the occupation is local rather than embedded in a wider occupational identity.
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| 41. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973
(author)
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Från generell bild till individuellt ansikte: Att hantera oförståelse och stereotypt bemötande i fyra lågstatusyrken : From general images to individual features: Managing lack of understanding and stereotypes in four low-status occupations
- 2010
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In: Sociologisk forskning. ; 47:1, s. 29-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Individuals shape an image of themselves and their surroundings in relation to how they assume that others regard them. In these situations occupation is essential. Categorizations, valuations and rewards associated with occupations are among the most fundamental instruments used for domination in the social world. Hence it is interesting to study how groups and individuals who experience low occupational status manage their social positions. This article, based upon interviews with workers in food industry, waitresses/waiters, storesmen and dustmen, analyzes how the interviewees handle low respect, here expressed as lack of understanding and stereotyping. Three different positions are distinguished, arguing that one of them implies a stronger identification with the occupation than do the other two, which to a greater extent agree with stereotyped images. In the first position, the workers disagree with stereotypes of low-status jobs as apathetic,heavy or simple, and assert that their occupation has specific values such as self-development, qualifications or advantage to society. In the second position, low recognition is avoided through little identification with the occupation. The interviewees separate themselves and who they are from their jobs, and find it ridiculous to speak about it in terms of self-development or qualifications when so many are able to do the job. In the third position, the interviewees emphasize that their own place of work is less heavy than the job in general. Through the third strategy their particular tasks are seen as exceptional and their identification with the occupation is local rather than embedded in a wider occupational identity.
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| 42. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Guest Editors' Introduction
- 2015
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In: Professions and Professionalism. - : OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University. - 1893-1049. ; 5:2, s. 1-3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Artists and professionalism is a special issue with the overall aim to bring artistic professions into the field of professions and professionalism. The issue consists of four contributions that all highlight artistic professions from different perspectives, such as artists’ educational possibilities, professional careers, strategies for inclusion and exclusion, professional logics and boundary-makings, how professional autonomy is affected by welfare states policies and so forth.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Flisbäck, Marita, 1973
(author)
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Learning the Rules of Art. On the Question of Resistance in the Anteroom of the Art Field
- 2012
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In: CCS Spring Conference, 2012, Yale University, Center for Cultural Sociology.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The main concern of the paper considers how social class is produced, reproduced, and challenged in educational environments and career-making contexts. In the analysis, I will concentrate in particular on artists’ experiences of not having the necessary resources to succeed in the profession of their choosing. I will discuss the sense of inadequacy or of not being good enough to which non-possession of recognized resources often gives rise, which sense then influences one’s attitude and orientation in everyday life along with the subsequent choices one makes in life. My discussion of this sense of inability is couched in terms of what Pierre Bourdieu has termed symbolic violence. The main question guiding my examination addresses the possibility of freeing oneself from that violence and change the repressive rules and norms that govern the artistic space, while investigating what kind of means might be called for this kind of transformation to become possible. The empirical materials used in advancing my argument are derived from the area of Swedish arts education. In particular, I will focus on the stories told by a female art student without easy access to the legitimate tools needed to criticize the norms of her school environment who nonetheless succeeds in parodying these norms through means of artistic performance. In light of my analysis of the case, I will then consider whether, and in which ways, Bourdieu’s perspective might lend itself to explaining and understanding this and similar or comparable attempts by individual actors to offer resistance. The question will be posed as to how a sense of possibility can emerge that indeed reaches beyond the horizon of the existing reality.
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| 50. |
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