| 1. |
- Florén, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Additive manufacturing technologies and business models – a systematic literature review
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. - Bingley : Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.. - 1741-038X .- 1758-7786. ; 32:1, s. 136-155
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This paper reviews research on the intersection between additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) and business models (BM). The purpose of the review is to synthesize past research for the benefit of researchers, to describe the dominant research themes and aggregated research questions and to identify research gaps in the literature. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review of secondary data was conducted. The 288 publications in the review appeared in peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings papers and book chapters. All publications are listed in this paper by publication year and publication source. The review also distinguishes between empirical and non-empirical studies, describes methodological approaches and categorizes the publications by unit of analysis and by theme. Findings: Research on the intersection between AMT and BM, which has increased significantly in the last three years, reflects firms' and industries' growing interest in digital manufacturing processes. This review identifies twelve dominant themes in the literature that contribute important insights to the field. Aggregated research questions are identified in each theme. Research advances and gaps are presented. Four themes relate directly to BM: (1) BM types, (2) BM and technology, (3) BM design and processes and (4) BM value and supply chains. Originality/value: This review is the first systematic literature review on the intersection between AMT and BM. As such, the review provides a guide for researchers as they explore gaps in the research and develop research questions on an aggregated level. The review also supports users of such technologies as they review their business practices and models in the so-called Digital Revolution.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hörte, Sven-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Product Development in SMEs : A literature review
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning (IJTIP). - Olney : InderScience Publishers. - 1740-2832 .- 1740-2840. ; 4:3, s. 299-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product Development (PD) in Small and medium-sized Firms (SMEs) is a long-neglected research area, and little cumulative work has been conducted previously. The purpose of this paper is to provide a first overview of the area of PD in SMEs. In doing so, we draw upon a sample of 149 peer-reviewed research papers selected from an initial sample of 5694 papers. The review provides tentative answers to issues such as the analytical and methodological approaches of the papers, which topics or areas of research have been focused on by previous scholars, and what kinds of topics that are well covered.
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| 4. |
- Hörte, Sven-åke, et al.
(författare)
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Product development in SMEs : an overview and tentative results
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning (IJTIP). - 1740-2832 .- 1740-2840. ; 4:3, s. 299-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product Development (PD) in Small and Medium-sized Firms (SMEs) is a long-neglected research area, and little cumulative work has been conducted previously. The purpose of this paper is to provide a first overview of the area of PD in SMEs. In doing so, we draw upon a sample of 149 peer-reviewed research papers selected from an initial sample of 5694 papers. The review provides tentative answers to issues such as the analytical and methodological approaches of the papers, which topics or areas of research have been focused on by previous scholars, and what kinds of topics that are well covered.
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| 5. |
- Simán, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Association between Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinoma in the city of Malmo, Sweden. A prospective study
- 1997
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 32:12, s. 1215-1221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We have investigated the association between Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinoma through a nested case-control study in a single city. METHODS: From a cohort of 32,906 residents recruited from 1974 through 1992, 56 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma and 224 matched controls were selected. The mean interval between serum collection and diagnosis was 5.7 years. Frozen serum or plasma samples were analysed for IgG antibodies against H. pylori with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The overall seropositivity prevalence in gastric cancer cases was 82%, compared with 49% in controls, giving an odds ratio (OR) of 5.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.2-11.5). Partial gastrectomy because of peptic ulcer 5 to 36 year before diagnosis of gastric cancer could be a confounding factor. With exclusion of 10 such cases, H. pylori seropositivity among cases was 78%, as compared with 50% in matched controls (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.7-9.2). Tumours of the cardia were not associated with H. pylori (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.23-3.7), which is in contrast to tumours of the fundus, corpus, and antrum, which were significantly associated (OR, 11.1; 95% CI, 2.4-71.8). This difference in location was significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: There is a significant association between prior infection with H. pylori and later development of gastric carcinoma, and the association is related to noncardia gastric cancer.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Simán, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori and CagA seropositivity and its association with gastric and oesophageal carcinoma.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 42:8, s. 933-940
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Helicobacter pylori infection is an established risk factor for non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma. Infection with H. pylori strains harbouring the cagA pathology island may augment this association. H. pylori infection may at the same time reduce the risk for oesophageal carcinoma. However, prospective data on the association between CagA seropositivity and gastric or oesophageal carcinomas are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether CagA seropositivity among H. pylori seropositive subjects is associated with gastric or oesophageal carcinomas. Material and methods. A nested case-control study was performed in the Malmo Preventive Medicine cohort consisting of 32,906 middle-aged subjects. Tumour cases were identified by the Swedish National Cancer Registry. The Western blot method Helicoblot 2.1 was used to detect H. pylori and CagA seropositivity. Results. Non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma was associated with H. pylori seropositivity, odds ratio 17.8 (95% CI: 4.2 - 74.8; 67 cases). The odds ratio for CagA seropositivity among H. pylori seropositive subjects was 9.7 ( 95% CI: 1.5 - infinity). No significant associations were found between cardia gastric adenocarcinoma and H. pylori or CagA seropositivity among H. pylori seropositive subjects; odds ratios were 1.5 ( 95% CI: 0.51 - 4.8) and 2.7 ( 95% CI: 0.38 - infinity), respectively ( 24 cases). Oesophageal adenocarcinoma and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma were not significantly associated with H. pylori seropositivity or with CagA seropositivity among H. pylori seropositive subjects; the odds ratios associated with oesophageal adenocarcinoma were 0.46 ( 95% CI: 0.07 - 2.6) and 0.38 ( 95% CI: 0.02 - 24), respectively. Corresponding odds ratios for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 0.44 ( 95% CI: 0.15 - 1.2; 37 cases) and 2.0 ( 95% CI: 0.24 - infinity), respectively. Conclusions. CagA seropositivity among H. pylori seropositive subjects is a risk factor for non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma.
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| 8. |
- Simán, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with a decreased risk of developing oesophageal neoplasms
- 2001
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Ingår i: Helicobacter. - : Wiley. - 1083-4389 .- 1523-5378. ; 6:4, s. 310-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of oesophageal malignancies was investigated through a multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis in a nested case-control study. Methods. Blood samples and a questionnaire on smoking and alcohol habits were collected from a cohort of 32,906 city residents during a health-screening programme between 1974 and 1992. Forty-four cases of oesophageal cancer and 149 matched controls were selected. The mean interval between screening and cancer diagnosis was 11.9 years. H. pylori seropositivity was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay measuring IgG. Occupation was included in the statistical analysis as an indicator of socio-economic status. Results. Helicobacter pylori seropositivity was present in 10 of the cases (22.7%) and 67 of the controls (45.0%). In a multivariate model, vith adjustment for occupation, tobacco and alcohol consumption, the odds ratio for developing in oesophageal malignancy when infected with H. pylori was 0.29 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12-0.67). Current smokers had an odds ratio of 17.3 (95% Cl: 3.0-99.4) and the odds ratio for ex-smokers was 5.9 (95% CI: 1.15-29.9). High alcohol consumption was no longer significantly, associated with oesophageal neoplasms after tobacco smoking was included into the model, odds ratio 1.22 (95% CI: 0.46-3.2). The protective effect of H. pylori was more pronounced for oesophageal adenocarcinoma (seven cases, odds ratio 0.16, 95% Cl: 0.00-1.06) than for squamous-cell carcinoma (29 cases, odds ratio 0.41, 95% Cl: 0.14-1.2). Conclusions. Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with a decreased risk of developing an oesophageal malignancy. Current smokers and ex-smokers have instead a definite increased risk of oesophageal neoplasms.
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| 9. |
- Simán, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Tobacco smoking increases the risk for gastric adenocarcinoma among Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - 1502-7708. ; 36:2, s. 208-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The importance of tobacco smoking and Helicobacter pylori infection as risk factors in the development of gastric carcinoma was investigated through multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis in a nested case-control study. METHODS: Blood samples and a questionnaire on smoking habits were collected from a cohort of 32,906 city residents during a health screening programme from 1974 to 1992. Fifty-six cases of gastric cancer and 224 matched controls were selected. The mean interval between screening and cancer diagnosis was 5.7 years. H. pylori infection was determined by IgG-serology. Occupation categorized into blue-collar workers, white-collar workers, self-employed and unknown occupation was included in the statistical analysis as an indicator of socio-economic status. RESULTS: The proportion of current smokers was 61% among gastric cancer cases, versus 41% among controls. H. pylori seropositivity was present in 82% of the cases and 49% of the controls. In a multivariate model current smokers had an odds ratio (OR) of 2.2 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-4.2). With different levels of tobacco consumption, smoking less than 20 g tobacco each day gave the OR of 2.1 (95% CI: 0.98-4.4), and the OR when smoking more than 20 g tobacco per day was 2.5 (95% CI: 1.1-5.6). The OR of H. pylori infection was 5.0 (95% CI: 2.2-11.2). Among H. pylori-seropositive citizens, current smoking was associated with an increased risk of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.1-4.7) compared with non-smoking H. pylori-positive persons. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco smoking and H. pylori are both risk factors in the development of gastric cancer, and tobacco smoking is still a risk factor among H. pylori-infected individuals. The risk of gastric cancer among H. pylori-infected current smokers is 11 times that of non-infected individuals not currently smoking.
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| 10. |
- Altmann, Peter, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustained innovativeness and human resource management
- 2011
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Ingår i: Research on Technology, Innovation and Marketing Management 2009-2011. - Halmstad : Högskolan i Halmstad. - 9789197507516 ; , s. 21-35
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Innovation is paramount to success. Over time firms must maintain their ability to innovate in order to maintain their competitive edge. In this paper we explore the role human resource management has in nurturing and enhancing the innovative capability of the firm. To explore HRM activities, functions and processes that enhance or impede innovativeness we conducted a literature review. Following this review, 10 propositions have been made that link HRM to both incremental and radical innovativeness respectively. Our results include suggestions for empirical studies to validate our propositions as well as some managerial implications.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in managerial behavior between small international and non-international firms
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of International Entrepreneurship. - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 1570-7385 .- 1573-7349. ; 9:3, s. 233-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main question raised in this article is whether there are any differences between the work activities of managers in small firms primarily operating on an international market and those managing firms doing business on a domestic market. If so, what are these differences, and what do they tell us about the internationalization of small firms? The comparative method used here is based on multiple approaches including interviews, diary studies, and direct observations. The conclusions indicate that managers in small international firms are more proactive in their networking behavior, delegate operative activities and devote more time to planned strategic activities connected with their international expansion than managers in other small firms.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring differences in the work of owner-managers in small international and non-international firms
- 2009
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main question raised in this article is whether there are any differences between the work activities of managers in small firms primarily operating on an international market and those managing firms doing business on a domestic market. If so, what are these differences, and what do they tell us about the internationalization of small firms? The comparative method used here is based on direct observation and analysis of about 2400 activities. The conclusions indicate that managers in small international firms are more proactive, delegate operative activities and devote more time to planned strategic activities connected with their international expansion than managers in other small firms.
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring managerial behavior in small international firms
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1462-6004 .- 1758-7840. ; 15:1, s. 31-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the research on internationalization in small firms and research on managerial behavior, and it aims to develop new research questions that can enhance the understanding of the interface between these two areas.Design/methodology/approach: A literature review of internationalization of small firms is carried out. It is concluded that understanding of managerial behavior in small international firms is in need of improvement. Therefore, the literature on managerial behavior is described, scrutinized and deployed in the context of small firms' internationalization.Findings: No previous research has combined the research on small-business internationalization and managerial behavior. Hypotheses that can be empirically tested and new research questions that can yield a better understanding of the internationalization processes in small firms are developed.Research limitations/implications: The hypotheses developed in this study have not yet been tested empirically. Further research is suggested to confirm and elaborate these propositions.Practical implications: As the propositions in this study are not tested their practical implications are limited at present. However, earlier research has shown that there is a link between managerial behavior and firm behavior. Managers may be inspired by the study to reflect upon this link and adjust their behavior in ways that can improve their firms' international development.Originality/value: In this paper the research on internationalization in small firms is merged with the research on managerial behavior. By adding knowledge from the latter research tradition, the understanding of small-firm internationalization should be advanced through raising novel issues and applying new methodological tools.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Chen, Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Lipoprotein receptor mediated metabolism of 14C arachidonic acid labelled chylomicron remnants by Hep G2 cells
- 1992
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Ingår i: Lipids. - 0024-4201. ; 27:9, s. 664-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During lipolysis of chylomicron triacylglycerol by lipoprotein lipase, arachidonic acid (AA) esters are hydrolyzed at a slower rate than the predominant 16-18 carbon fatty acid esters. The further metabolism of the AA that is hereby enriched in the chylomicron remnant acylglycerols has not been investigated. In the present study, we examined the low density lipoprotein (LDL) dependent and independent metabolism of [14C]AA present in chylomicron remnants in the human hepatoma cell line Hep G2. Mesenteric duct cannulated rats were fed [14C]AA and [3H]cholesterol in corn oil, and the chyle obtained was injected intravenously into hepatectomized rats to form chylomicron remnants labeled with [14C]AA in the triacylglycerol (TG) and with 3H in the cholesteryl ester portion. The remnants were then incubated with Hep G2 cells. The uptake of [14C]AA within 2-4 h was similar to that of [3H]cholesteryl ester. After uptake into the cells, [14C]AA was preferentially incorporated into phospholipids, a high proportion being found in phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. [14C]AA and [3H]cholesteryl ester uptake were influenced to similar extents by factors unknown to regulate the LDL receptor and by an anti-LDL receptor antibody. Addition of compactin thus increased the uptake of [14C]AA by 50% in 4 h and mevalonolactone decreased the uptake by 86%. Using an anti-LDL receptor antibody, 25.0% of [3H]cholesterol/cholesteryl ester and 37.7% of [14C]AA binding to the cells at 4 degrees C were blocked. There was no lipolysis of [14C]TG or [14C]diacylglycerol by lipase secreted into the medium during incubations.
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| 20. |
- Ekström, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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An individual with a healthy phenotype in spite of a pathogenic LDL receptor mutation (C240F)
- 1999
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Ingår i: Clinical Genetics. - : Wiley. - 0009-9163. ; 55:5, s. 332-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is caused by a defect in the function of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and inherited in an autosomal, codominant way. In this study we present a 13-year-old girl, compound heterozygote for the LDL receptor mutations C240F and Y167X. Fibroblasts from the patient showed very low cholesterol esterification rate, LDL uptake, and degradation compared to normal fibroblasts (< 2%, 8%, and < 2%, respectively). The C240F mutant was expressed in LDL receptor deficient CHOMldlA7 cells. Analysis of cell extracts by immunoblotting demonstrated delayed processing of the mutated LDL receptor, which was accumulated as a precursor protein of normal size. A high molecular weight form of the receptor was also detectable in these cells, which probably reflects cross-linking through the unpaired cysteine residue in the binding domain. Cells expressing the C240F mutant protein were unable to mediate uptake and degradation of LDL. The two siblings of the index case also carried the C240F mutation, but surprisingly one of them (a 17-year-old brother) showed no signs of hypercholesterolemia. This observation is consistent with the view that there may be cholesterol lowering mechanisms that can be activated, perhaps by mutations in known or hitherto unknown genes.
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| 21. |
- Ekström, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene in Swedish familial hypercholesterolaemia patients: clinical expression and treatment response
- 1998
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : Wiley. - 0014-2972. ; 28:9, s. 740-747
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolaemia, an autosomal co-dominant disorder caused by defects in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene, is strongly associated with premature development of cardiovascular disease. METHODS: In this study, we have applied a gene screening method in a population of familial hypercholesterolaemia patients in order to describe the genetic background of the disease in southern Sweden. These patients were studied with the aim of relating the presence of the different mutations to the clinical expression of the disease and to the response to pharmacological treatment. RESULTS: In 16 out of 21 patients, potentially disease-causing low-density lipoprotein receptor gene defects were found, including five not previously described alterations (C240-->F, C122-->stop, C356-->Y, 785insG, 165delG). No defects in apolipoprotein B were found. One group of patients (n = 4) carried the mutation C122-->stop and another group of patients (n = 4) a mutation causing the substitution W66-->G. Patients in the two genotype subgroups were very similar with respect to lipid levels before treatment. CONCLUSION: A tendency towards differential susceptibility to treatment with statins was observed for the patient groups, encouraging further comparative studies of heterozygous FH patients.
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| 22. |
- Elzuki, A, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (PiZ) may be a risk factor for duodenal ulcer in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - 0036-5521. ; 35:1, s. 32-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract BACKGROUND: Most individuals with Helicobacter pylori infection in Western countries have no evidence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). We therefore assessed the PiZ deficiency variant of the major plasma protease inhibitor alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT) as a risk factor for PUD in H. pylori-infected individuals. METHODS: The cohort comprised 100 patients with endoscopically or surgically proven PUD (30 patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) and 70 patients with gastric ulcer (GU)) and 162 age- and sex-matched controls with PUD-negative endoscopic findings and no history of PUD. Plasma samples were screened for alpha1AT deficiency (PiZ) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and phenotyped by isoelectric focusing. H. pylori infection was evaluated with an IgG ELISA technique. RESULTS: Among the 262 patients 17 (6.5%) were positive for the PiZ alpha1AT deficiency, a frequency of the same magnitude as in the Swedish general population (4.7%). Of the PiZ carriers 76% (13 of 17) had H. pylori antibodies compared with 61% (151 of 245) of the non-PiZ carriers (NS). The prevalence of DU tended to be higher in H. pylori-positive PiZ carriers than in non-PiZ carriers (15.4%, 4 of 26 versus 0 of 4). Furthermore, among patients with DU a high PiZ allele frequency (13.3%, 4 of 30) was found compared with the general population (4.7%) (odds ratio (OR), 3.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-8.94; P = 0.02). All DU patients carrying the PiZ allele were positive for H. pylori. In addition, four of five PiZ carriers with H. pylori infection and PUD had DU. CONCLUSIONS: The PiZ allele may be a contributing factor in the development of DU in H. pylori-positive individuals.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Florén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Historiska undersökningar : Grunder i historisk teori, metod och framställnigssätt
- 2018. - 3
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Historiska undersökningar handlar om hur man skriver historia,hur händelser i det förflutna ordnas till ett gripbart sammanhang.Den historiska undersökningen är inte vilken text som helst, den syftar till att besvara en fråga. Men hur ska en sådan fråga formuleras? Och hur ska den försvaras?Författarna resonerar här om hur en historievetenskaplig argumentation ser ut, vilka krav som ställs på framställningssättet,hur man använder metoder och källor, samt vad man ska tänka på då man kritiserar ett vetenskapligt arbete. I boken finns också en användbar begreppsguide där aktuella historieteoretiska begrepp och termer beskrivs.Denna tredje upplaga är grundligt reviderad och aktualiserad.Boken vänder sig främst till studenter på grundläggande nivå i historia, som för första gången ställs inför uppgiften att självständigt göra en historisk undersökning.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Florén, Claes-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Binding, interiorization and degradation of cholesteryl ester labelled chylomicron remnant particles by rat hepatocyte monolayers
- 1977
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Ingår i: The Biochemical journal. - : Portland Press Ltd.. - 0264-6021. ; 168:3, s. 483-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The cholesteryl ester of isolated chylomicron-remnant particles was efficiently degraded by hepatocyte monolayers. The degradation was sensitive to metabolic inhibitors. 2. With increasing amounts of remnant cholesteryl ester the rate of uptake approached saturation and conformed to a linear double-reciprocal plot. The V(max.) was determined as 80ng of cholesteryl ester/h per mg of protein and the apparent K(m) as 1.4mug of cholesteryl ester per mg of protein. The time course for the uptake and hydrolysis suggested that binding of particles to the cell surface preceded the degradation. 3. Cholesteryl esters of native chylomicrons were degraded to a much smaller extent and their presence had only a small inhibitory effect on the degradation of chylomicron remnants. Intestinal very-low-density lipoproteins were degraded somewhat faster than chylomicrons, and caused more inhibition of remnant degradation. Rat high-density lipoproteins inhibited the hydrolysis of remnant cholesteryl ester by up to 50%, but had less influence on the amount of cholesteryl ester that was bound to the cells. Serum decreased both the uptake and hydrolysis, whereas d=1.21 infranatant had no effect. 4. The cholesteryl ester hydrolysis after the uptake by the cells was inhibited by chloroquine and by colchicine. Only 28-36% of the unhydrolysed cholesteryl ester could be released from these cells by trypsin treatment, indicating that the major portion was truly intracellular. The particles that could be released from the cell surface by trypsin and those remaining in the medium had the same triacylglycerol/cholesteryl ester ratio as the added remnant particles. Significant amounts of denser particles were thus not formed during contact with the cell surface. 5. The presence of heparin, as well as preincubation of the cells with heparin, increased the uptake of chylomicron remnants. This effect was most marked in the presence of serum. A much smaller proportion of the other serum lipoproteins was taken up, and this proportion was not increased by heparin.
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| 27. |
- Florén, Claes-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density in patients with Crohn's disease during long-term treatment with azathioprine
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 1365-2796. ; 243:2, s. 123-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To ascertain whether patients with Crohn's disease treated with azathioprine maintained bone mineral mass better than patients treated with steroids alone. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University Hospital of Malmo, Sweden. SUBJECTS: A total of 59 patients with ileocolonic, ileocaecal or colonic Crohn's disease. METHODS: Bone mass was assessed by dual photon X-ray absorptiometry at the level of L2-L4. RESULTS: Patients treated with a high lifetime dose of steroids (> 5 g prednisolone) had significantly (P = 0.011) lower Z-score of L2-L4 (-0.87 +/- 1.11; 11 SD) than steroid-treated patients, who had received a low dose of prednisolone (< 5 g) (0.08 +/- 1.16 SD). Azathioprine did not negatively influence the steroid effect on bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: Azathioprine does not seem to affect bone mineral density by itself. However, by being steroid-saving, it seems to conserve bone mineral mass in patients with Crohn's disease.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Florén, Claes-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of fatty acid unsaturation on chylomicron metabolism in normal and hepatectomized rats
- 1977
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Ingår i: Eur J Biochem. - : Wiley. - 0014-2956. ; 77:1, s. 23-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Hepatectomized rats were injected intravenously with doubly labelled ([14C]linoleic acid and [3H]palmitic acid) thoracic duct lymphs from rats fed cream, triolein or corn oil. The disappearance of the radioactive fatty acids of different molecular triacylglycerol species and of phospholipids from plasma was studied.2. 73–93% of the injected triacylglycerols had been cleared from plasma within 15 min. At all stages of lipolysis the 3H/14C ratio of the plasma triacylglycerol was the same as in the injected material. If the cream chyle had been cooled to 4 °C before use there was, however, an enrichment of [3H]palmitic acid and of fully saturated triacylglycerols in the remnant particles formed.3. Only 38–50% of the radioactive chyle phosphatidylcholine was eliminated from plasma in 30 min. At this time most of the remaining phosphatidylcholine was, however, in other lipo‐protein classes than the chylomicron remnants.4. Also in intact rats data were obtained, indicating that the major portion of chylomicron phospholipids is transferred to other serum lipoproteins by exchange or net movement rather than being hydrolysed in the 1‐position by lipoprotein lipase or taken up intact by the liver.5. More of both the labelled fatty acids appeared in liver triacylglycerols in experiments with cream chyle than in experiments with corn oil chyle. Data were obtained suggesting that this may be due to a higher uptake of intact triacylglycerol as remnant particles.6. When linoleic acid is fed as a tracer dose in cream, a high proportion (16–36%) is incorporated into chyle phospholipids.
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| 31. |
- Florén, Carl-Robert, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling complete methane oxidation over palladium oxide in a porous catalyst using first-principles surface kinetics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Catalysis Science and Technology. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2044-4753 .- 2044-4761. ; 8:2, s. 508-520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive model is developed for complete methane oxidation over supported palladium. The model is based on first-principles microkinetics and accounts for mass and heat transport in a porous catalytic layer. The turnover frequency (TOF) is simulated for wet exhaust gas compositions, exploring the effects of temperature and total pressure on the TOF. Three different temperature regimes are identified each with different dependency on the total pressure. The regimes originate from temperature and pressure dependent coverages of carbon dioxide and water, which are the most abundant surface species hindering methane dissociation at low temperatures. The TOF is controlled by surface kinetics below 400 °C whereas above 500 °C and up to 8 atm, internal mass transport is controlling. A combination of kinetics, external and internal mass transport controls the TOF at other reaction conditions. The physically meaningful model paves the way for extrapolation and optimization of catalyst design parameters for high catalytic efficiency.
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| 32. |
- Florén, Carl-Robert, 1988, et al.
(författare)
-
Multiscale reactor modelling of total pressure effects on complete methane oxidation over Pd/Al2O3
- 2019
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Ingår i: Catalysis Science and Technology. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2044-4753 .- 2044-4761. ; 9:12, s. 3055-3065
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A two-dimensional multiscale model is developed for complete methane oxidation in a continuous flow reactor. The model considers mass and heat transfer for a porous alumina supported palladium catalyst coated on a ceramic monolith substrate and the surface kinetics are described by a first-principles microkinetic model for complete methane oxidation over PdO(101). The temperature dependent conversion for a synthetic exhaust gas composition shows a delayed ignition but a higher conversion at elevated temperatures when the total pressure is increased from 1 to 10 atm. The simulations reveal a temperature and total pressure dependent operating point where the methane conversion is maximized. Analysis of the kinetics shows that the reaction is suppressed by bicarbonates, hydroxyl species and water originating from adsorbed carbon dioxide and water from the gas phase. The reaction order with respect to water and carbon dioxide at 1 atm is -0.94 and -0.99, respectively, and decreases with increasing total pressure. The developed model paves the way for exploring how design parameters and reaction conditions influence the complete methane oxidation reaction.
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| 33. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
A framework for raw materials management in process industries
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Firms in the process industries manipulate materials properties to produce upgraded raw materials for applications and products upstream in a supply chain. About 25% of the most research intensive firms in the world belong to the process industries, so proper management of raw materials is a key concern for many firms. This article explores the concept of “raw materials management”. By studying the current world leader in powder metallurgy, the Höganäs Corporation, the article describes the external and internal factors impacting how raw materials are managed, and how raw material issues affect different aspects of firm performance. Managerial implications are presented elaborating three key-areas that firms should deal with when developing a strategic approach to raw materials management.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Florén, Henrik
(författare)
-
Collaborative approaches to management learning in small firms
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of Workplace Learning. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1366-5626 .- 1758-7859. ; 15:5, s. 203-216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to describe how learning in collaborative approaches – in this paper labeled “collaborative approaches to management learning” (CAML) – can support the learning situation of small firm owner-managers. Drawing on a socio-cognitive learning framework, the context of the small firm and its consequences for management learning are framed and discussed. Drawing on four episodes of management learning in CAML, it is suggested that CAML establishes a new context in which old truths can be questioned and new insights can be created. In CAML the owner-managers are offered a position on the periphery of practice of the other managers and other network visitors, where trust among the network participants provides the foundation for admitting and openly facing lack of knowledge on different issues, something that is prohibited within their enterprises, due to the lack of peers and expected omniscience of the owner-manager.
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| 37. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Critical success factors in early new product development : a review and a conceptual model
- 2018
-
Ingår i: The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1554-7191 .- 1555-1938. ; 14:2, s. 411-427
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The literature on the front end in the New Product Development (NPD) literature is fragmented with respect to the identification and analysis of the factors that are critical to successful product development. The article has a two-fold purpose. First, it describes, analyses, and synthesizes those factors through a literature review of the research on the front end in NPD. Second, it conceptualizes a framework that features two types of success factors: foundational success factors (common to all the firm’s projects) and project-specific success factors (appropriate for the firm’s individual projects). The article makes recommendations for the management of this important phase of product development, discusses limitations of relevant previous research, and offers suggestions for future research. The article makes a theoretical contribution with its analysis and synthesis of the reasons for success in front-end activities and a practical contribution with its conceptual framework that can be used as an analytical tool by firms and their product managers. © 2017 The Author(s)
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| 38. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Entrepreneurial orientation and human resource management : effects from HRM practices
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Organizational Effectiveness. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2051-6614 .- 2051-6622. ; 3:2, s. 164-180
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between HRM practices and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in large established firms. More specifically, the purpose is to add to the understanding of the influence of HRM practices on EO.Design/methodology/approachAn e-mail survey was distributed to a sample of Swedish and German manufacturing firms in high-tech and medium high-tech manufacturing industries, and firms in knowledge-intensive services sectors, with more than 250 employees. In total, 810 surveys were distributed, with a response rate of 12.7 per cent. Findings - The results show that an emphasis on entrepreneurial aspects leads to an increased EO only in the case of training and development. A conclusion therefore is that it seems difficult to recruit personnel or to use appraisal and rewards as to create EO on a firm level.Practical implicationsThe study indicates that firms aiming to increase their EO should make sure to emphasize entrepreneurial aspects during staff training and development activities. Originality/value - This empirical study paves the way towards a better understanding of the link between HRM practices and EO. The results should be of interest for both HR professionals and researchers interested in understanding this important relationship.
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| 39. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
From Preliminary Ideas to Corroborated Product Definitions : Managing the Front End of New Product Development
- 2012
-
Ingår i: California Management Review. - Berkeley, Calif. : University of California Press. - 0008-1256 .- 2162-8564. ; 54:4, s. 20-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Front-end activities largely influence the outcomes of new product development processes, because it is here that firms create new ideas, give them direction, and set them in motion. We show that the front end can be understood as comprising three core activities: idea/concept development, idea/concept alignment, and idea/concept legitimization, which allow firms to create corroborated product definitions. The paper provides important implications for managers interested in front-end management, and devote specific attention to the differences between incremental and radical front end development and to the front end in the light of increasingly open innovation processes.
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| 40. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
HRM and innovation : themes, contingencies and directions for future research
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of International Management. - Olney : InderScience Publishers. - 1751-6757 .- 1751-6765. ; 8:5, s. 570-577
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purposes of this special issue were to connect Human Resource Management (HRM) research and innovation research and to contribute towards a better understanding of how HRM can be deployed to support organisations in their innovation efforts. In this commentary, we review the results from the five articles in this special issue in general and offer suggestions for future research from these five contributions. We do this by pinpointing a number of themes, contingencies, measurement challenges and ideas on working with other research areas that might be useful in future research on the relationship between HRM and innovation.
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| 41. |
- Florén, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Key learning themes in the small-business literature
- 2003
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Ingår i: Small Enterprise Research. - Caulfield East : School of Accounting, Monash University. - 1321-5906 .- 1175-0979. ; 11:1, s. 56-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a review of the literature on learning in small businesses. The sources for the review are two major databases on management research: Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) and ABI/INFORM (ABI). In all, about 500 abstracts published between 1973 and 2002 have been classified. The review shows that research still is built on primary empirical research and that there are no obvious core groups of researchers publishing in the field. Our review does, however, identify a general trend pointing towards an increasing interest in research on learning in small businesses. Further, it is shown that key learning themes discussed during the last 30 years related to small businesses are: education and training (of both management and employees), strategic planning and IT/Software support. During the last decade, the interest in inter-organizational learning (networks and clusters) has increased dramatically. The review indicates that research on small businesses and learning is multidisciplinary and in an early stage of its growth. An in extenso analysis, of all articles in the five most prominent journals found in the review, shows few signs of coherent bodies of knowledge on which the literature draws. Many of the articles (37%) give no accounts of explicit theory. This is the case particularly in the early publications. The review does not reveal any 'original' theory generated by the small-business research community. Instead theories are extracted from other academic disciplines, mainly from the field of economics but also from other social sciences such as sociology and psychology and from engineering. The review shows that empirical studies of learning in small businesses are rare. This means that our understanding of learning processes in this kind of organisations is limited. Research is necessary to increase our knowledge of learning in different levels but also from different perspectives in small firms. The 'small-firm effect' on learning needs to be further explored.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Managerial behavior in slow and fast growing small firms
- 2009
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of the paper is to fill a gap in our understanding of what makes certain small firms grow while others do not by exploring the relation between managerial behavior and small firm growth. This has been done by direct observation of the owner‐managers in twelve small manufacturing firms (six slow‐growing and six fast‐growing). Methodologically the project draws on the extensive research that has been conducted within the area of mana‐ gerial work. We have used the method of structured observation as developed by Henry Mintzberg as the primary tool for data collection. Data consists of approximately 330 hours of observation and about 2460 activities have been observed and classified according to their primary purpose.The framework used to analyze the data comes from established conceptualizations of “ma‐ nagerial behavior”. More specifically, the two groups of managers have been compared in terms of; how the managers’ allocate their time; with whom they interact; with whom do they communicate; and the roles they shoulder in their firms.What is both striking and surprising in the empirical material is that there are only minor dif‐ ferences between the groups of growing and slow‐growing firms. These differences, however, all point in the same direction and confirm one suspicion following our observations of the two groups which is that the hectic and turbulent work situation characterizing the situation of the slow‐growing managers were not present in the growing firms. There might not seem to be such a big difference between the two groups, but trivial questions consumes much of the time for managers in slow‐growing firms which isn’t the case for managers in fast‐ growing firms. This gives the managers in fast‐growing firms more time to focus on other work than the daily operations and problems of the firm, which consumes much of the man‐ agers time in slow‐growing firms
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| 44. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Managerial behaviour in small firms : Does it matter what managers do?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: The work of managers. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199639724 - 9780191738661 ; , s. 245-263
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter examines why some small firms grow and others do not. The focus is on the relationship between managerial behaviour and small firm growth in fast- and slow-growing firms. Using Sune Carlson’s and Henry Mintzberg’s methodology, twelve top managers are observed - six from fast-growing firms and six from slow-growing firms. The results indicate there are no significant differences in the two manager groups as far as their roles, ’proactiveness’, networking behaviour, or managerial formality is concerned. It is suggested that there is a generic aspect that is common to the management at both fast- and slow-growing firms. Much of a small firm manager’s work, regardless of the pace of company growth, involves this generic, non-managerial behaviour (acting as a specialist or a substitute operator). Small firm managers should not overstate the importance of acting only ’managerially’. © Oxford University Press, 2013.
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| 45. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Managerial Work and Growth in Small Firms
- 2007
-
Ingår i: The 20th SEAANZ Conference, 23rd- 26th September, 2007, Auckland, New Zealand.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-
(författare)
-
Managerial work and learning in small firms
- 2005
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with how managerial work sets the agenda for managerial learning in small firms. Although studies of learning in organizations are numerous, research on managerial learning in the small-firm context is limited. In particular, our knowledge of managerial learning suffers from an insufficient understanding of what top managers in small firms do. The primary purpose of this thesis is to describe how the work of small-firm managers sets the agenda for managerial learning, and how their learning can be supported. Additionally, the thesis explores the use of so-called “Action Technologies” in supporting managerial learning in small firms.Drawing on an observational study of six owner-managers in small (17-43 employees) manufacturing firms, and a synthesis of earlier studies, this thesis shows that three features of managerial work shape managerial learning in small firms: The small firm’s top manager (i) operates in context with specific structural conditions that affect his/her behavior, (ii) have certain cognitive predispositions guiding his/her behavior, and (iii) have certain behavioral preferences directing his/her behavior.The main argument in this thesis is that managerial learning in small firms is made difficult due to features that make it hard to come to a point where learning (in terms of reflection and conceptualization) is given time and resources, as the manager has trouble in finding time for learning, and as learning risks to become low-priority. Learning is also difficult due to barriers related to the learning process: the work of the manager fosters a superficial learning orientation, makes it difficult to probe deeply into and to develop complicated understandings of issues at hand, and makes peer-learning rarely possible.Drawing on an action research project of managerial learning in four networks of small-firm owner-managers, the thesis also explores, in a concrete manner, how managerial learning might be supported in a way that circumvents the deficient situation for managerial learning in this kind of firm. More specifically, it seems that Action Technologies by their design constitute a learning context that supports the learning of the small-firm top manager by dissolving the barriers to learning identified above.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-
(författare)
-
Managerial work in small firms : summarising what we know and sketching a research agenda
- 2006
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research. - Yorks, UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1355-2554 .- 1758-6534. ; 12:5, s. 272-288
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe the basic characteristics and qualities of managerial work in small firms.Design/methodology/approach: The article draws on a summary and synthesis of five studies from the “managerial-work research tradition” that investigates the behaviour of top managers in small firms by means of direct observation. Studies are evaluated by using research on managers' jobs in general, and some needs as well as guidelines for future research on entrepreneurial and managerial work in small firms are suggested.Findings: Managerial work in small firms is described by discussing: how managers divide their time between different activities; managerial interaction and communication, and the elements of managerial work in small firms. Three limitations of existing studies are identified: they are difficult to compare; they adopt a simplistic conception of the constituents of managers' jobs, and more specifically of the relation between the managing actor and the context in which he/she works; and they fail to recognise to the value of inductive analysis.Research limitations/implications: Future studies of managerial work in small firms have much to gain by considering the development that has been taking place within general management theory and in the study of managers' jobs. This article contributes a first step towards bringing research on managers' jobs into the small-business research community.Originality/value: The paper initiates a better understanding of the basics of managerial work in small firms, which has not previously been elaborated upon and is an important step in exploring the dynamics of small business management.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-
(författare)
-
Organising small-firm growth
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Research on Technology, Innovation and Marketing Management 2009‐2011. - Halmstad : Högskolan i Halmstad. - 9789197507516 ; , s. 117-133
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper summarises the results some major undertakings to explain small‐firm growth. This is achieved through an in‐depth reading of three Swedish doctoral theses written by Tomas Brytting (1991), Frederic Delmar (1996) and Johan Wiklund (1998), and a number ofrecently published articles that have addressed this issue. The purpose of this paper is todescribe what we know about “organising for small‐firm growth” on a firm level. The main result of the paper is a description of what is known about organising for small‐firm growth in accordance with four dimensions: i) the strategy of the growing firm, ii) the entrepreneur/manager in the growing firm, iii) the resources and the capabilities of the growing firm and iv) the consequences of small‐firm growth, i.e. what organisational growth brings to a small firm. The paper also includes a discussion of the limitations of the reviewed research and suggestions for future research.
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