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Sökning: WFRF:(Follows David)

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1.
  • Dutkiewicz, Stephanie, et al. (författare)
  • Multiple biotic interactions establish phytoplankton community structure across environmental gradients
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The combination of taxa and size classes of phytoplankton that coexist at any location affects the structure of the marine food web and the magnitude of carbon fluxes to the deep ocean. But what controls the patterns of this community structure across environmental gradients remains unclear. Here, we focus on the North East Pacific Transition Zone, a similar to 10 degrees region of latitude straddling warm, nutrient-poor subtropical and cold, nutrient-rich subpolar gyres. Data from three cruises to the region revealed intricate patterns of phytoplankton community structure: poleward increases in the number of cell size classes; increasing biomass of picoeukaryotes and diatoms; decreases in diazotrophs and Prochlorococcus; and both increases and decreases in Synechococcus. These patterns can only be partially explained by existing theories. Using data, theory, and numerical simulations, we show that the patterns of plankton distributions across the transition zone are the result of gradients in nutrient supply rates, which control a range of complex biotic interactions. We examine how interactions such as size-specific grazing, multiple trophic strategies, shared grazing between several phytoplankton size classes and heterotrophic bacteria, and competition for multiple resources can individually explain aspects of the observed community structure. However, it is the combination of all these interactions together that is needed to explain the bulk compositional patterns in phytoplankton across the North East Pacific Transition Zone. The synthesis of multiple mechanisms is essential for us to begin to understand the shaping of community structure over large environmental gradients.
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2.
  • Follows, David, et al. (författare)
  • Co-adsorption of beta-casein and calcium phosphate nanoclusters (CPN) at hydrophilic and hydrophobic solid-solution interfaces studied by neutron reflectometry
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Food Hydrocolloids. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7137 .- 0268-005X. ; 25:4, s. 724-733
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Neutron reflectometry was used to study the co-adsorption of calcium phosphate nanoclusters (CPN) and beta-casein at hydrophobized and hydrophilic silica-water interfaces. The structural characteristics of the adsorbed layer were determined from neutron reflectivity curves analysed with multi-layer optical models. We used a highly specific proteolytic enzyme, endoproteinase Asp-N in conjunction with a single neutron contrast to verify the model of the protein layer structure. The results showed that the calcium phosphate nanoclusters profoundly affected the rate of adsorption and structure of the interface compared to the adsorption of beta-casein alone and for the hydrophobic interface the effects depended on the point at which the nanoclusters were added. It is proposed that the nanoclusters become surface active because whole beta-casein molecules can replace one or more of the hydrophilic peptides in the shell of the nanoclusters. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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