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- Dello Russo, Marika, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Diversity and Its Association with Diet Quality and Health Status of European Children, Adolescents, and Adults : Results from the I.Family Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Foods. - : MDPI. - 2304-8158. ; 12:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dietary diversity (DD) plays a crucial role in fostering high-quality diets, but its association with health outcomes, particularly body adiposity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), is inconsistent. This may be due to a lack of a standardized method for estimating DD. Our study investigates the association between two DD indices, namely the dietary diversity score (DDS) and food variety score (FVS), and anthropometric measures, biochemical parameters, and diet quality in a large population sample from the I.Family study across research centers in eight European countries. In our cross-sectional analysis of 3035 participants, DDSs varied among countries, with a higher prevalence in the third DDS tertile among those with higher education. DDS showed a positive association with diet quality across all age groups. Higher DDS tertile individuals showed increased fiber, fruit, and vegetable intake, greater meal frequency, and lower ultra-processed food consumption. No relevant biochemical differences were observed across DDS tertiles, and a higher DDS was associated with lower overweight/obesity prevalence only in adults. No significant associations were found with FVS. Our findings emphasize the need to consider food groups for a more accurate estimation of diet quality. This aligns with studies suggesting DDS alone is not an independent risk factor for obesity in children and adolescents. Public health programs should prioritize food diversity to promote improved nutrition and overall well-being in communities.
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| 2. |
- Formisano, Annarita, et al.
(författare)
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Family structure and childhood obesity: results of the IDEFICS project
- 2014
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800. ; 17:10, s. 2307-2315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To analyze the association between family structure and adiposity in children. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) study cohort. Setting: Primary schools and kindergartens. Subjects: Children (n 12 350; aged 7 to 9 (SD 1.8) years) for the cross-sectional analysis and children (n 5236; at baseline: normal weight, aged 5 to 9 (SD 1.8) years) for the longitudinal study underwent anthropometry. Family structure was analyzed as (i) number and type of cohabiting adults and (ii) number of siblings. Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, after controlling for covariates, children living with grandparents had significantly higher BMI Z-score than those living with both parents (0.63; 95% CI 0.33, 0.92 v. 0.19; 95% CI 0.17, 0.22; P,0.01); in addition, the higher the number of siblings, the lower the BMI Z-score (only child 50.31; 95% CI 0.24, 0.38; 1 sibling 50.19; 95% CI 0.16, 0.23; 2 siblings 50.15; 95% CI 0.09, 0.20; >2 siblings 50.07, 95% CI 0.04, 0.19;P,0.001). Over the 2-year follow-up, differences in weight gain were observed across family-structure categories. Further, the risk of incidence of overweight/ obesity was significantly lower the higher the number of siblings living in the household (v. only child: 1 sibling 50.74, 95% CI 0.57, 0.96; 2 siblings 50.63, 95% CI 0.45, 0.88; >2 siblings 50.40, 95% CI 0.21, 0.77), independently of confounders. Conclusions: The study suggests that an independent association between family structure and childhood obesity exists.
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| 3. |
- Sina, Elida, et al.
(författare)
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Digital media exposure and cognitive functioning in European children and adolescents of the I.Family study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The digital environment can pose health risks through exposure to unhealthy content. Yet, little is known about its relation to children’s cognitive functioning. This study investigates the association between digital media (DM) exposure and children’s cognitive functioning. This cross-sectional study is based on examinations of children aged 8–18 years (N = 8673) of the I.Family cohort (2013–2014). Exposure to television, computer, smartphone and internet was self-reported (hours/day). Media multitasking (MMT) was defined as simultaneous use of computers with other digital or non-screen-based activities. Standard instruments were used to assess cognitive inflexibility (score: 0–39), decision-making ability (− 100 to + 100) and impulsivity (12–48). Adjusted regression coefficients and 99.9%CIs were calculated by generalized linear mixed-effects models. In total, 3261 participants provided data for impulsivity, 3441 for cognitive inflexibility and 4046 for decision-making. Exposure to smartphones and media multitasking were positively associated with impulsivity (βsmartphone = 0.74; 99.9%CI = 0.42–1.07; βMMT = 0.73; 99.9%CI = 0.35–1.12) and cognitive inflexibility (βsmartphone = 0.32; 99.9%CI = -0.02–0.66; βMMT = 0.39; 99.9%CI = 0.01–0.77) while being inversely associated with decision-making ability. Extensive smartphone/internet exposure combined with low computer/medium TV exposure was associated with higher impulsivity and cognitive inflexibility scores, especially in girls. DM exposure is adversely associated with cognitive functioning in children and adolescents. Children require protection against the likely adverse impact of digital environment.
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