| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Frändin, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
A Nordic multi-center study on physical and daily activities for residents in nursing home settings : design of a randomized, controlled trial
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 21:4-5, s. 314-322
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Nursing home residents constitute a frail, multi-diseased and heterogeneous group. As physical activity is essential for the preservation of function, personalized training and activities are of great importance, The main objective of this study was to describe the influence of an individually tailored intervention program, in a nursing home setting, on physical capacity, degree of dependence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), long-term participation in physical and/or daily activities, and self-rated wellbeing. The aim of the present work is to describe the overall design of the study. Methods: Nursing homes in Sweden, Norway and Denmark were involved, and 322 residents were randomized to either Intervention or Control groups. The intervention lasted for three months and consisted of physical and daily activities, led by physiotherapists and occupational therapists, and was built on their evaluations and on the goals expressed by each resident. Tests of muscle strength, mobility, balance function and confidence, ADL, level of physical activity, wellbeing and cognitive function were performed at baseline, directly after the intervention period and three months later. Results: They will be presented in articles to follow. Conclusions: Although it is a great challenge to carry out an intervention study directed toward such a frail population, it is of great interest to find out whether individually tailored and enhanced activities can lead to decreased dependence in ADL and increased wellbeing.
|
|
| 3. |
- Grimby, Gunnar, 1933, et al.
(författare)
-
On the use of a six-level scale for physical activity
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 28:3, s. 819-825
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 4-level questionnaire to assess leisure-time physical activity (PA) originally described by Saltin and Grimby has been extended to a 6 (or 7)-level questionnaire, especially for the elderly or other persons with a low level of PA, expanded to include household activities. There are currently two main versions, one used in Swedish, Danish, and Norwegian studies, and one with further modifications used in Finnish studies. In this review, predictive validity for mortality and different aspects of physical performance are demonstrated. In a study regarding concurrent validity in one of the Finnish versions, significant correlations with accelerometer-based PA variables are shown. The scale has been used in a number of studies concerning effects of different types of intervention, such as physical training and increased PA, or to describe the PA level in the studied cohort. In presenting and analyzing the data, different combinations of PA levels have been used. As there are major differences between the versions, validity studies cannot easily be transformed between them. Thus, it is suggested that a common consensus be reached with respect to details of the questionnaire.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Hellner, Britt Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Systematiskt arbete för äldres säkerhet : om fall, trafikolyckor och bränder
- 2007
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Äldre personer är överrepresenterade i nästan alla olyckor. Förutom stort personligt lidande för individen leder skadorna ofta till omfattande kostnader för samhället. Därför har Räddningsverket och IMS/Socialstyrelsen tilsammans med forskare vid Umeå Universitet, Karlstad Universitet, Krolinska Insitutet, FoU Välfärd Örebro samt Vägverket gemensamt sammaställt denna bok. Syftet är att inspirera och vägleda ett systematiskt arbete i samhället för att öka säkerheten och minska skadorna till följd av olyckor bland äldre. Boken riktar sig till verksamma inom vård och omsorg för äldre, tjänstemän och politiker på olika nivåer i samhället
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Hörder, Helena, et al.
(författare)
-
Betydelsen av en intervention med fysisk träning för inaktiva äldre : Delrapport från projektet Formkontroll för äldre
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det delprojekt, som redovisas här, bygger på ett koncept kallat Formkontroll för äldre, som utvecklats av Kerstin Frändin. Tanken är att erbjuda äldre människor en arena, ett s.k. Hälsans Hus, där man utöver olika typer av fysisk träning också erbjuds möjlighet till social och kulturell samvaro. Projektet, som genomfördes i Kinna, Örby och Skene, initierades av FoU Sjuhärad Välfärd och samfinansierades samt genomfördes utifrån stimulansmedel tillsammans med Marks kommun.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hörder, Helena M, et al.
(författare)
-
Health-related quality of life in relation to walking habits and fitness: a population-based study of 75-year-olds
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 22:6, s. 1213-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To assess health-related quality of life (HRQL) in relation to walking habits and fitness status in older persons. A second aim was to examine fitness status as a mediator in the relation between walking habits and HRQL. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based sample of 75-year-olds from Gothenburg, Sweden, was examined (n = 698, response rate 61 %). Walking habits were assessed as weekly frequency and duration. HRQL was assessed with the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and fitness with maximal and self-selected gait speed, chair-stand, stair-climbing capacity, grip strength and one-leg stance. RESULTS: The proportion of 75-year-olds who attained recommended levels of moderate physical activity (≥ 150 min/week), described as walking, was 60 %. This was positively associated with most subscales of SF-36 and with all fitness tests except grip strength. Maximal gait speed was the fitness test with the highest correlations to all SF-36 subscales. Fitness, described with maximal gait speed, was a partial mediator in most relations between walking habits and SF-36. After adjustment for confounders, associations between regular walking and SF-36 were no longer significant, except for Role Physical, General Health and Role Emotional in women. CONCLUSIONS: Attaining recommended levels of walking, as well as a high fitness status, is positively associated with several aspects of HRQL in older persons. Fitness, described with maximal gait speed, seems to have a partial role in the relation between walking habits and HRQL, suggesting that other mechanisms are also involved.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hörder, Helena M, et al.
(författare)
-
Secular trends in frailty: a comparative study of 75-year-olds born 1911-12 and 1930
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-0729 .- 1468-2834. ; 44:5, s. 817-822
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: while there is a trend towards a compression of disability, secular trends in physiological frailty have not been investigated. The aim of this paper was to report physiological frailty in two cohorts of 75-year olds examined in 1987 and 2005. METHODS: a repeated cross-sectional study : Two population-based birth cohorts of community-dwelling 75-year olds from Gothenburg, Sweden, born in 1911-12 (n = 591) and 1930 (n = 637) were examined with identical methods in 1987 and 2005. Measures were three frailty criteria from Fried's frailty phenotype: low physical activity, slow gait speed and self-reported exhaustion. RESULTS: seventy-five-year olds examined in 2005 were less frail according to the criteria low physical activity compared with those examined in 1987 (3 versus 18%, P
|
|
| 10. |
- Hörder, Helena M, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-respect through ability to keep fear of frailty at a distance: Successful ageing from the perspective of community-dwelling older people
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With population ageing, there is an increased interest in how to promote a good old age. A predominant concept in these discussions is successful ageing, which is mainly based on researchers’ definitions. This article aims to explore successful ageing from the perspective of community-dwelling older people (24 persons aged 7790 years). Individual open interviews were conducted and analysed according to qualitative content analysis. An overarching theme was formulated as ‘‘self-respect through ability to keep fear of frailty at a distance’’. This embraced the content of four categories: ‘‘having sufficient bodily resources for security and opportunities’’, ‘‘structures that promote security and opportunities’’, ‘‘feeling valuable in relation to the outside world’’, and ‘‘choosing gratitude instead of worries’’. Ageing seems to be a dynamic process rather than a static structure and might therefore be susceptible to actions. Paying attention to attitudes and treating the older person with respect, particularly with regard to worries about increasing vulnerability, can lead to better ways of promoting successful ageing.
|
|
| 11. |
- Kollén, Lena, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is a common cause of dizziness and unsteadiness in a large population of 75-year-olds
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background and aims: Dizziness is a common problem among the elderly. Studies have shown that 65% of people with dizziness may have a vestibular etiologic diagnosis, possibly Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). The diagnosis of BPPV is made by history and findings in the Dix-Hallpike test. It can be difficult to perform the Dix-Hallpike test in elderly persons due to limited range of motion when extending the neck. In this study we used a side-lying test to stimulate the posterior semicircular canal while the head and neck were fully supported on the examination table. The aims were to investigate the prevalence of dizziness or impaired balance and BPPV in a 75-year old population. Methods: A representative population sample of 675 persons completed a questionnaire about dizziness and 571 persons performed side-lying, static balance and dynamic walking tests.Results: Subjective dizziness and/or impaired balance was found in 36% especially when walking outdoors. A significant gender difference was found with a higher prevalence in women (40%) compared to men (30%) (p<0.01). BPPV was found in 11%. This was significantly more common in women compared to men (p<0.01). Elderly persons with BPPV also showed significantly impaired balance ability in static and dynamic balance tests compared to age matched persons without BPPV(p<0.01). Persons with BPPV reported significantly more subjective problems with dizziness and balance compared to persons without BPPV (p<0.001).Conclusions: Subjective and objective unsteadiness, dizziness and BPPV are common in elderly. The side-lying test is a good screening test for BPPV.
|
|
| 12. |
- Kollén, Lena, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common cause of dizziness and unsteadiness in a large population of 75-year-olds
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - New York, USA : Springer. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 24:4, s. 317-323
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Studies have shown that 65% of people with dizziness may have a vestibular etiologic diagnosis, possibly benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The diagnosis of BPPV is based on medical history and findings after the Dix-Hallpike test. It is sometimes difficult to perform the Dix-Hallpike test in elderly persons, due to the limited range of motion when extending the neck. In this study, we used a side-lying test to stimulate the posterior semicircular canal, while the head and neck were fully supported on the examination table. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of dizziness and/or impaired balance and BPPV in a population of 75-year-olds by means of a questionnaire and clinical tests, and to compare elderly persons with and without BPPV.Methods: A representative population sample of 675 persons completed a questionnaire about dizziness and 571 persons underwent side-lying, static balance and dynamic walking tests.Results: Subjective dizziness and/or impaired balance were found in 36% of subjects, especially when walking outdoors. A significant gender difference was found, with a higher prevalence in women (40%) compared with men (30%) (p<0.01). BPPV was found in 11% and was significantly more common in women (p<0.01). Elderly individuals with BPPV also displayed significantly impaired balance in static and dynamic balance tests compared with persons without BPPV (p<0.01). Persons with BPPV reported significantly more subjective problems with dizziness and balance compared with persons without BPPV (p<0.001).Conclusions: Subjective and objective unsteadiness, dizziness and BPPV are common in the elderly.
|
|
| 13. |
- Kollén, Lena, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical functioning in older persons with dizziness : a population-based study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Springer. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 29:2, s. 197-205
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dizziness is one of the most prevalent symptoms in old age and tends to increase with age.Aims: To report physical functioning, health-related aspects and gender differences in elderly persons with and without dizziness in a population-based sample of 75-year-olds.Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 75-year-olds from Gothenburg, Sweden (n = 675, 398 women and 277 men) was examined by means of questionnaires and functional tests. The questions concerned dizziness/imbalance, physical activity level, walking habits, falls efficacy, number of falls, subjective health or general fatigue and medication. The tests included were self-selected and maximum gait speed, stair climbing capacity, one leg stance and grip strength.Results: More women than men reported dizziness/imbalance (40 vs 30 %, p < 0.001). Persons with dizziness, compared to those without dizziness, less often regularly exercised at a moderate intensity level (summer: 62 vs 74 %, p < 0.001; winter: 41 vs 51 %, p < 0.001), less often took a daily walk (p < 0.05), had lower scores on the FES(S) (p < 0.001), more often reported general fatigue (p < 0.001), more often had fallen in the previous year (40 vs 23 %, p < 0.001) and had a higher intake of medical drugs (4.6 vs 3.3, p < 0.001). They also performed worse regarding gait speed, stair climbing and one leg stance (p < 0.001), but there was no difference in grip strength.Conclusion: Older persons with dizziness are less physically active, have worse lower extremity function, are more often fallers and report lower self-rated health than persons without dizziness.
|
|
| 14. |
- Lindell, Ellen, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Dizziness and its association with walking speed and falls efficacy among older men and women in an urban population
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 32, s. 1049-1056
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, The Author(s). Background: Dizziness is common among older people and falling is a feared complication. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of dizziness and its association with falls, walking speed and fear of falling, including sex differences, among 79-year-olds. Secondary purposes were to describe the relationship between dizziness and falls to number of medications and diseases. Method: The study consisted of the fifth cohort of Gothenburg’s H70 birth cohort studies. A sample of 662 79-year-olds (404 women, 258 men) were investigated with questions regarding dizziness, previous falls and falls efficacy [estimated according to the falls efficacy scale Swedish version (FES (S))]. Functional tests included self-selected and maximal walking speed over 20m. Results: Dizziness was reported among 51% of the women and by 58% of the men (p = 0.12). Approximately, 40% had fallen during the past 12months (41% women, 38% of the men, p = 0.48). Dizziness was related to a higher risk of falls among women (OR 2.63 (95% CI 1.67−4.14, p < 0.0001), but not among men (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.63−1.82, p = 0.8). Dizzy individuals had lower scores on FES (S) (p < 0.01), more medications (p < 0.001) and diseases (p < 0.001) than those without dizziness. Participants who reported dizziness walked 10% slower than participants without dizziness (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Women with dizziness more often reported falls compared to women without dizziness—a trend that was not seen among men. Persons with dizziness walked slower. Many medications increased risk of falling; hence, number of medications alone might help pinpoint risk groups for falling.
|
|
| 15. |
- Littbrand, Håkan, 1966-
(författare)
-
Physical exercise for older people : focusing on people living in residential care facilities and people with dementia
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main purposes of this thesis were to evaluate a high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme, regarding its applicability (attendance, achieved intensity, adverse events) as well as its effect on physical functions and activities of daily living (ADL) among older people living in residential care facilities, with a special focus on people with dementia. Furthermore, a main purpose was to systematically review the applicability and effects of physical exercise on physical functions, cognitive functions, and ADL among people with dementia.A high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme that includes lower-limb strength and balance exercises in standing and walking, was evaluated in a randomised controlled trial among 191 older people, dependent in ADL, living in residential care facilities, and with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of ten or more. One hundred (52.4%) of the participants had dementia. Participants were randomised to an exercise programme or a control activity, consisting of 29 supervised sessions over 3 months, as well as to an intake of a protein-enriched energy supplement or a placebo drink immediately after each session. The effect on physical functions was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale, usual and maximum gait speed, and one-repetition maximum in a leg press machine measuring lower-limb strength. The effect on ADL was evaluated using the Barthel Index. These outcome measures were followed up at 3 and 6 months by blinded assessors and analysed using the intention-to-treat principle.The evaluation of the applicability of the high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme showed that there was a high rate of attendance, a relatively high achieved intensity in the exercises, and all except two adverse events were assessed as minor or temporary and none led to manifest injury or disease. No statistically significant differences were observed in applicability when comparing participants with dementia and participants without dementia. In addition, the applicability of the programme was not associated with the participants’ cognitive function. Significant long-term effects of the exercise programme were seen regarding functional balance, gait ability and lower-limb strength in comparison with the control activity. The intake of the protein-enriched energy supplement did not increase the effect of the training. Age, sex, depression, dementia disorder, nutritional status, and level of functional balance capacity did not influence the effect on functional balance of the high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding overall ADL performance. Analyses for each item revealed that a significantly smaller proportion of participants in the exercise group had deteriorated regarding indoor mobility at 3 and 6 months. For people with dementia, there was a significant difference in overall ADL performance in favour of the exercise group at 3 months, but not at 6 months.In a systematic review, randomised controlled trials, evaluating the effects of physical exercise among people with dementia, were identified according to pre-defined inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently extracted predetermined data and assessed methodological quality. Ten studies were included in the review and the majority of the participants were older people with Alzheimer’s disease living in residential care facilities. Four studies reached “moderate” methodological quality and six “low”. The results showed that among older people with Alzheimer’s disease in residential care facilities, combined functional weight-bearing exercise over 12 months at an intended moderate intensity seems applicable for use regarding attendance and adverse events and there is some evidence that the exercise improves walking performance and reduces ADL decline. Furthermore, there is some evidence that walking exercise over 16 weeks performed individually, where the participant walks as far as possible during the session, reduces decline in walking performance, but adverse events need to be evaluated.In conclusion, among older people who are dependent in ADL, living in residential care facilities, and have an MMSE score of 10 or more, a high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise programme is applicable for use and has positive long-term effects on functional balance, gait ability, and lower-limb strength and seems to reduce ADL decline related to indoor mobility. An intake of a protein-enriched energy supplement immediately after the exercise does not appear to increase the effect of the training. In people with dementia, the exercise programme may prevent decline in overall ADL performance, but continuous training may be needed to maintain that effect. The positive results regarding applicability and effects of combined functional weight-bearing exercise among people with dementia is confirmed when the scientific literature is systematically reviewed. It seems to be important that exercise interventions among people with dementia last for at least a few months and that the exercises are task-specific and intended to challenge the individual’s physical capacity. Whether physical exercise can improve cognitive functions among people with dementia remains unclear. There is a need for more exercise studies of high methodological quality among people with dementia disorders.
|
|
| 16. |
- Mosallanezhad, Z., et al.
(författare)
-
A structural equation model of the relation between socioeconomic status, physical activity level, independence and health status in older Iranian people
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 70, s. 123-129
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: Health status is an independent predictor of mortality, morbidity and functioning in older people. The present study was designed to evaluate the link between socioeconomic status (SES), physical activity (PA), independence (I) and the health status (HS) of older people in Iran, using structural equation modelling. Methods: Using computerized randomly selection, a representative sample of 851 75-year-olds living in Tehran (2007-2008), Iran, was included. Participants answered questions regarding indicators of HS, SES and also PA and I through interviews. Both measurement and conceptual models of our hypotheses were tested using Mplus 5. Maximum-likelihood estimation with robust standard errors (MLR estimator), chisquare tests, the goodness of fit index (and degrees of freedom), as well as the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RSMEA) were used to evaluate the model fit. Results: The measurement model yielded a reasonable fit to the data, chi(2) = 110.93, df = 38; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.047, with 90% C.I. = 0.037-0.058. The model fit for the conceptual model was acceptable; chi(2) = 271.64, df = 39; CFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.084, with 90% C.I. = 0.074-0.093. SES itself was not a direct predictor of HS (beta = 0.13, p = 0.059) but it was a predictor of HS either through affecting PA (beta = 0.31, p < 0.001) or I (beta = 0.57, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Socioeconomic status appeared to influence health status, not directly but through mediating some behavioral and self-confidence aspects including physical activity and independence in ADL. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 17. |
- Mosallanezhad, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical activity and physical functioning in Swedish and Iranian 75-year-olds – A comparison
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 55:2, s. 422-430
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: The pattern of population aging is highly complex and contextually based. Cross-national comparisons are helpful to explore related factors. Two cross-sectional studies designed to compare physical activity level, physical functioning and certain health related factors in 75-year-old women and men in Sweden and Iran. Materials and methods: Cohorts of 637 Swedish and 851 Iranian 75-year-olds were investigated with the same methods regarding physical activity level, physical functioning and health related factors. Results: There were differences in physical activity level (p < 0.001), self-reported physical functioning (p < 0.001) objective physical functioning (p < 0.001), health status (p < 0.001) and most socio-demographic aspects between the two countries. Here the Swedish cohort had the advantage. There was no difference between the countries regarding prevalence of vertigo or falls. The only variables where the Iranian cohort had advantage over the Swedes were grip strength and smoking habits. There were larger gender differences in walking habits, self-selected walking speed, timed chair stand, and one-leg stance in Iran, and in grip strength in Sweden, all to the disadvantage of women. Conclusions: Iranian 75-years-olds had a lower physical activity level, a worse lower extremity physical function but a better grip strength, a worse physical health status, but smoked less than their Swedish counterparts. Despite this, there were no differences regarding vertigo or falls. In most aspects, the magnitude of gender differences was about the same and in disadvantage of women, although there were larger differences in Iran in some lower extremity functions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 18. |
- Mosallanezhad, Z., et al.
(författare)
-
Walking habits and health-related factors in 75-year-old Iranian women and men
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 58:3, s. 320-326
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An active life style can postpone the aging process, prevent many aspects of functional decline and improve health and quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare elderly people who walked at least 30 min a day with others who walked less, from a gender perspective, regarding perceived health and fitness, physiological capacity and functional performance. A representative sample of 75-year-olds born 1932-33 and living in Tehran, in 2007-2008 was included by randomly selecting 1100 subjects from the latest Iranian census records (1996) by the Statistical Centre of Iran using computerized methods. Participants answered questions regarding health status and physical activity and performed functional tests. Better results for Walkers were observed in most subjective and objective outcome measures. Walkers were less likely to feel generally tired, more likely to have better physical fitness and to have the maximum score on the Falls Efficacy Scale, less likely to feel unstable during walking outdoors and less likely to be dependent or unsafe in ADL. Walkers of both genders performed better in the following tests: chair stand, one leg stance, maximal walking speed and six min walking. The difference between Walkers and Non-Walkers was greater in men. In general, older women and men who walked at least 30 min daily/almost daily showed better results in most health-related outcomes, ADL and functional performance than people who walked less. This study showed gender differences in the level of physical activity and functioning that must be taken into account when planning intervention programs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 19. |
- Nilsson, Martin, 1966, et al.
(författare)
-
Competitive physical activity early in life is associated with bone mineral density in elderly Swedish men
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 19:11, s. 1557-1566
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this population-based study of 75-year-old men (n = 498), we investigated the association between physical activity (PA) early in life and present bone mineral density (BMD). We demonstrate that a high frequency of competitive sports early in life is associated with BMD at several bone sites, indicating that increases in BMD following PA are preserved longer than previously believed. Introduction Physical activity (PA) increases bone mineral density (BMD) during growth. It is unclear if the positive effects remain at old age. In this study, we aimed to determine if PA early in life was associated with BMD in elderly men. Methods In this population-based study, 498 men, 75.2 +/- .3 (mean +/- SD) years old, were included. BMD was assessed using DXA. Data concerning lifetime PA, including both competitive (CS) and recreational sports (RS), and occupational physical load (OPL), were collected at interview. Results Subjects in the highest frequency group of CS in the early period (10-35 years), had higher BMD at the total body (4.2%, p < 0.01), total hip (7.0%, p < 0.01), trochanter (8.7%, p < 0.01), and lumbar spine (7.9%, p < 0.01), than subjects not involved in CS. A stepwise linear regression model showed that frequency of CS in the early period independently positively predicted present BMD at the total body (beta=0.12, p < 0.01), total hip (beta=0.11, p < 0.01), trochanter (beta=0.12, p < 0.01), and lumbar spine (beta=0.11, p=0.01). Conclusions We demonstrate that PA in CS early in life is associated with BMD in 75-year-old Swedish men, indicating that increases in BMD following PA are preserved longer than previously believed.
|
|
| 20. |
- Rydeskog, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Elderly people's experiences of resistance training
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 7:4, s. 162-69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present qualitative phenomenographic study was to identify and describe elderly people's own experiences of resistance training. Eight women and seven men aged 63-87 years were interviewed. The results showed that resistance training was seen as an occupation, a way to get out, as unfamiliar, suitable and controllable. It was experienced to create togetherness and mental acuity and as not being permissible without other elderly people. The training felt good. It was experienced as affecting the body by relieving pain, preventing physical deterioration and illness, and by improving physical function, appearance and the ability to manage daily life. The experienced effects on the mind were increased appetite for life, calmness and enhanced self-esteem. Many different types of training are available to the physically capable elderly, but according to the experiences from the subjects in the present study, resistance training could be a very suitable type of training for the elderly with functional disorders as it is possible to perform despite physical limitations.
|
|
| 21. |
- Rydwik, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a physical and nutritional intervention program for frail elderly people over age 75 : a randomized controlled pilot treatment trial
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - Milano, Italy : Editrice Kurtis. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 20:2, s. 159-170
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There are few studies published that combine the interventions of physical training and nutrition. The aim of the present study was to describe the impact of a physical and nutritional intervention program for frail community- dwelling elderly people over the age of 75. METHODS: Ninety-six community-dwelling elderly people (58 women) were randomized to four different groups: i) a physical training program (aerobic, muscle strength, balance), ii) a nutritional intervention program (individually targeted advice and group sessions), iii) a combination of these interventions, and iv) a control group. At baseline subjects were screened for physical performance such as muscle strength, balance, mobility and activities of daily living, as well as nutritional aspects such as energy intake, body weight and fat-free mass. These measurements were repeated immediately after the intervention, which lasted for 12 weeks, and after another 6 months. RESULTS: The intention-to-treat analysis indicated significant improvements in lower- extremity muscle strength in both training groups compared with the nutrition group at 1st follow-up. There were small significant changes for some of the balance measurements in the training group without nutrition treatment. The nutrition intervention did not show any significant results. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the positive effect on lower-extremity muscle strength directly after the intervention. Balance training most probably needs to be more individualized in order to be effective for frail elderly people. Further studies are needed, with larger sample sizes, to investigate the effects of these types of interventions before any further conclusions can be drawn.
|
|
| 22. |
- Rydwik, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a physical training and nutritional intervention program in frail elderly people regarding habitual physical activity level and activities of daily living : a randomized controlled pilot study
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 51:3, s. 283-289
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this randomized controlled pilot study is to describe the effects of a physical training and nutritional intervention program on the physical activity level and activities of daily living (ADL) in frail elderly people. Ninety-six community-dwelling frail elderly people (58 women) above the age of 75 were included in the study. The 12-week physical and/or nutritional intervention program was followed by six months of home-based exercises for the training groups, followed up with training diaries. At baseline the subjects were screened for physical activity level, walking habits, and ADL. These measurements were repeated immediately after the intervention at 3 months, and at 2nd follow-up at 9 months. ADL data were also collected 24 months after baseline at 3rd follow-up. The intention-to-treat analyses showed an increase of the habitual physical activity level and walking duration at 1st follow-up for the two training groups compared to the other groups. These increases remained at 2nd follow-up. The nutrition intervention did not show any significant results. No significant effects on ADL were shown however, there were moderate correlations between increases in physical activity level and ADL as well as between the amounts of home-based exercises and ADL for the two training groups.
|
|
| 23. |
- Rydwik, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of physical training on aerobic capacity in frail elderly people (75+ years). Influence of lung capacity, cardiovascular disease and medical drug treatment : a randomized controlled pilot trial
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 22:1, s. 85-94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Frail elderly people often suffer from a combination of unintentional weight loss and/or low body mass index, as well as a low physical activity level. No studies have investigated the effect of physical training alone or in combination with nutritional intervention on aerobic capacity in frail elderly people. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if a physical training program can affect aerobic capacity in frail elderly people.METHODS: Ninety-six community-dwelling frail elderly people (58 women) were included in the study. Subjects were randomized to four different groups: i) physical training program (aerobic, muscle strength, balance), ii) a nutritional intervention program (individually targeted advice and group sessions), iii) a combination of these interventions, and iv) a control group. At baseline, subjects were screened for aerobic capacity, leg muscle strength, spirometry, heart disease and cardiovascular drugs. Aerobic capacity and leg muscle strength were analyzed immediately after the 3-month intervention period (1st follow-up), and after another 6 months (2nd follow-up).RESULTS: Subjects mean age was 83 years. The mean compliance rate with the physical training program was 65%. There were no observed effects on aerobic capacity measured as maximal workload, or work time, with or without beta-receptor blockade. Subjects in the training groups without lung disease significantly increased maximal work time when compared with subjects with lung disease. Physical training significantly increased lower extremity muscle strength compared with nutrition alone at the 1st follow-up. No serious adverse events occurred during assessment or physical training.CONCLUSIONS: Further studies with larger sample sizes and a more specific aerobic component in the training program are necessary before any further conclusions can be drawn.
|
|
| 24. |
- Rydwik, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of physical training on physical performance in institutionalised elderly patients (70+) with multiple diagnoses
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-0729 .- 1468-2834. ; 33:1, s. 13-23
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: the positive effect of physical training in healthy elderly people is well documented. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the effect of physical training on physical performance in institutionalised elderly patients with multiple diagnoses.DESIGN: systematic literature review of randomised controlled trials regarding effects of physical training of elderly (70+) subjects.METHODS: the randomised controlled trials were evaluated using a modified version of an evaluation form originally developed by the Cochrane Collaboration. It is based on a weighted scale of 0-100 points, and ranks the studies as high, moderate or low methodological quality. A total of 16 randomised controlled trials were included in the review.RESULTS: six studies scored as high quality, eight as moderate and two as low. There was a large heterogeneity in the studies concerning sample size, types of interventions and types of assessments. There is strong evidence for a positive effect of physical training on muscle strength and mobility; moderate evidence for an effect on range of motion; and contradictory evidence regarding gait, activities of daily living, balance and endurance.CONCLUSION: more studies are required, with larger sample sizes, higher specificity as to the types of interventions and assessments, greater focus on clinically relevant outcomes such as endurance and activities of daily living, and also, for example, quality of life and mortality.
|
|
| 25. |
- Rydwik, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical training in institutionalized elderly people with multiple diagnoses : a controlled pilot study
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 40:1, s. 29-44
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduction in muscle mass and physical function depends on a variety of interacting factors: age, physical activity level, nutritional state and the type and impact of disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an individualized moderate intensity physical training program on muscle strength, balance, mobility, ambulation and activities of daily living (ADL) in institutionalized elderly people aged 65 and over with multiple diagnoses. Baseline assessments consisted of strength, balance, mobility/ambulation, and ADL. Twenty-one subjects were included in the intervention program. A control group (21 subjects) was first matched in pairs according to gender, age, ADL and mobility, and then by balance, ambulation and strength. The intervention program was individualized and included strength, mobility, balance and endurance training. Follow-up measures were conducted directly after the intervention and 10 weeks later. After drop-out, 20 subjects in the intervention group and 15 subjects in the control group remained for analyses. Balance and mobility improved significantly in the intervention group while declining in the control group. This pilot study indicates that a physical training program may improve functional capacity for institutionalized elderly persons with multiple diagnoses.
|
|
| 26. |
- Skoog, Ingmar, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Association between APOE Genotype and Change in Physical Function in a Population-Based Swedish Cohort of Older Individuals Followed Over Four Years
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1663-4365. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between decline in physical function and age-related conditions, such as reduced cognitive performance and vascular disease, may be explained by genetic influence on shared biological pathways of importance for aging. The apolipoprotein F (APOE) gene is well-known for its association with Alzheimer's disease, but has also been related to other disorders of importance for aging. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between APOE allele status and physical function in a population-based longitudinal study of older individuals. In 2005, at the age of 75, 622 individuals underwent neuropsychiatric and physical examinations, including tests of physical function, and APOE-genotyping. Follow-up examinations were performed at age 79. A significantly larger decline in grip strength (p = 0.015) between age 75 and 79 was found when comparing APOE epsilon 4 allele carriers with non carriers [10.3 (+/- 10.8) kg versus 7.8 (+/- 10.1) kg]. No association was seen with decline in gait speed, chair-stand, or balance. The association with grip strength remained after correction for cognitive and educational level, depression, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and BMI.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
- von Berens, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Sarcopenic obesity and associations with mortality in older women and men – a prospective observational study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2318. ; 20:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The combined effect of sarcopenia and obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity, has been associated with disability and worse outcomes in older adults, but results are conflicting. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in older adults, and to examine how the risk of mortality is associated with SO and its various components. Methods: Data were obtained from two Swedish population studies, the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies of 521 women and men at the age of 75, and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), which included 288 men aged 87 years. Sarcopenia was defined using the recently updated EWGSOP2 definition. Obesity was defined by any of three established definitions: body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 , fat mass > 30%/ > 42% or waist circumference ≥ 88 cm/≥102 cm for women and men, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for 10-year and 4-year survival analyses in the H70 and ULSAM cohorts, respectively. Results: SO was observed in 4% of the women and 11% of the men in the H70 cohort, and in 10% of the ULSAM male cohort. The 75-year-old women with SO had a higher risk (HR 3.25, 95% confidence interval (1.2–8.9)) of dying within 10 years compared to those with a “normal” phenotype. A potential similar association with mortality among the 75-year-old men was not statistically significant. In the older men aged 87 years, obesity was associated with increased survival. Conclusions: SO was observed in 4–11% of community-dwelling older adults. In 75-year-old women SO appeared to associate with an increased risk of dying within 10 years. In 87-year-old men, the results indicated that obesity without sarcopenia was related to a survival benefit over a four-year period.
|
|
| 29. |
- Wallengren, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of the 2010 and 2019 diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) in two cohorts of Swedish older adults.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMC geriatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2318. ; 21:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The operational definition of sarcopenia has been updated (EWGSOP2) and apply different cut-off points compared to previous criteria (EWGSOP1). Therefore, we aim to compare the sarcopenia prevalence and the association with mortality and dependence in activities of daily living using the 2010 (EWGSOP1 and 2019 (EWGSOP2 operational definition, applying cut-offs at two levels using T-scores.Two birth cohorts, 70 and 85-years-old (n=884 and n=157, respectively), were assessed cross-sectionally (57% women). Low grip strength, low muscle mass and slow gait speed were defined below -2.0 and-2.5 SD from a young reference population (T-score). Muscle mass was defined as appendicular lean soft tissue index by DXA. The EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 were applied and compared with McNemar tests and Cohen's kappa. All-cause mortality was analyzed with the Cox-proportional hazard model.Sarcopenia prevalence was 1.4-7.8% in 70-year-olds and 42-62% in 85years-old's, depending on diagnostic criteria. Overall, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 0.9-1.0 percentage points lower using the EWGSOP2 compared to EWGSOP1 when applying uniform T-score cut-offs (P<0.005). The prevalence was doubled (15.0 vs. 7.5%) using the -2.0 vs. -2.5T-scores with EWGSOP2 in the whole sample. The increase in prevalence when changing the cut-offs was 5.7% (P<0.001) in the 70-year-olds and 17.8% (P<0.001) in the 85-year-olds (EWGSP2). Sarcopenia with cut-offs at -2.5T-score was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio 2.4-2.8, P<0.05) but not at T-score-2.0.The prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in 85-year-olds compared to 70-year-olds. Overall, the differences between the EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 classifications are small. Meaningful differences between EWGSOP1 and 2 in the 85-year-olds could not be ruled out. Prevalence was more dependent on cut-offs than on the operational definition.
|
|
| 30. |
- Zidén, Lena, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Home rehabilitation after hip fracture. A randomized controlled study on balance confidence, physical function and everyday activities.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Clinical rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 22:12, s. 1019-33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether home rehabilitation can improve balance confidence, physical function and daily activity level compared to conventional care in the early phase after hip fracture. DESIGN: A randomized controlled study. SETTING: Geriatric rehabilitation clinic. SUBJECTS: One hundred and two community-dwelling elderly people. INTERVENTIONS: A geriatric, multiprofessional home rehabilitation programme focused on supported discharge, independence in daily activities, and enhancing physical activity and confidence in performing daily activities was compared with conventional care in which no structured rehabilitation after discharge was included. MAIN MEASURES: Falls efficacy, degree of dependency and frequency in daily activities, habitual physical activity and basic functional performance. RESULTS: When comparing status one month after discharge with baseline, the home rehabilitation group showed a higher degree of recovery in self-care (P<0.0001), mobility (P = 0.002), locomotion (P = 0.0036) and domestic activities (P = 0.0098), as well as larger increase in balance confidence on stairs (P = 0.0018) and instrumental activities (mean increase home rehabilitation 19.7 and conventional care 7.1, P<0.0001) compared with the conventional care group. At one month, a majority of the home rehabilitation participants (88%) took outdoor walks, compared with less than half (46%) of the conventional care group (P<0.001) and were also more independent in outdoor activities (P = 0.0014). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that home rehabilitation, focused on supported discharge and enhancing self-efficacy, improves balance confidence, independence and physical activity in community-dwelling older adults in the early phase after hip fracture.
|
|
| 31. |
- Zidén, Lena, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-term effects of home rehabilitation after hip fracture - 1-year follow-up of functioning, balance confidence, and health-related quality of life in elderly people.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Disability and rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288. ; 32:1, s. 18-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. To investigate the long-term effects of home rehabilitation (HR) after hip fracture in elderly people. Method. A randomized, controlled longitudinal study on geriatric hospital-based HR was compared with conventional care (CC) in 102 patients. Independence in activities of daily living (ADL), frequency of activity, basic physical performance, balance confidence, health-related quality of life, mood and perceived recovery were measured 6 and 12 months after discharge. Results. One year post-discharge the HR participants reported significantly higher degree of independence in self-care and locomotion, as well as of balance confidence in stairs and instrumental activities and perceived physical function, than the CC group. One year after discharge 14 persons (29%) in the HR group and five persons (9%) in the CC group considered themselves fully recovered. Conclusions. The positive long-term effects were more pronounced among the participants in the HR group than among those who received CC, possibly due to the early start of the HR programme in hospital and its focus on self-efficacy and training of daily activities. However, one year after discharge a mojority of participants in both groups did not consider themselves to be fully recovered when they compared to their situation before the fracture.
|
|
