| 1. |
- Botvinik-Nezer, Rotem, et al.
(författare)
-
Variability in the analysis of a single neuroimaging dataset by many teams
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 582, s. 84-88
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data analysis workflows in many scientific domains have become increasingly complex and flexible. Here we assess the effect of this flexibility on the results of functional magnetic resonance imaging by asking 70 independent teams to analyse the same dataset, testing the same 9 ex-ante hypotheses(1). The flexibility of analytical approaches is exemplified by the fact that no two teams chose identical workflows to analyse the data. This flexibility resulted in sizeable variation in the results of hypothesis tests, even for teams whose statistical maps were highly correlated at intermediate stages of the analysis pipeline. Variation in reported results was related to several aspects of analysis methodology. Notably, a meta-analytical approach that aggregated information across teams yielded a significant consensus in activated regions. Furthermore, prediction markets of researchers in the field revealed an overestimation of the likelihood of significant findings, even by researchers with direct knowledge of the dataset(2-5). Our findings show that analytical flexibility can have substantial effects on scientific conclusions, and identify factors that may be related to variability in the analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results emphasize the importance of validating and sharing complex analysis workflows, and demonstrate the need for performing and reporting multiple analyses of the same data. Potential approaches that could be used to mitigate issues related to analytical variability are discussed. The results obtained by seventy different teams analysing the same functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset show substantial variation, highlighting the influence of analytical choices and the importance of sharing workflows publicly and performing multiple analyses.
|
|
| 2. |
- Busslinger, Sarah D., et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of the tolerability of 161Tb- and 177Lu-labeled somatostatin analogues in the preclinical setting
- 2024
-
Ingår i: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose [Lu-177]Lu-DOTATATE is an established somatostatin receptor (SSTR) agonist for the treatment of metastasized neuroendocrine neoplasms, while the SSTR antagonist [Lu-177]Lu-DOTA-LM3 has only scarcely been employed in clinics. Impressive preclinical data obtained with [Tb-161]Tb-DOTA-LM3 in tumor-bearing mice indicated the potential of terbium-161 as an alternative to lutetium-177. The aim of the present study was to compare the tolerability of Tb-161- and Lu-177-based DOTA-LM3 and DOTATATE in immunocompetent mice. Methods Dosimetry calculations were performed based on biodistribution data of the radiopeptides in immunocompetent mice. Treatment-related effects on blood cell counts were assessed on Days 10, 28 and 56 after application of [Tb-161]Tb-DOTA-LM3 or [Tb-161]Tb-DOTATATE at 20 MBq per mouse. These radiopeptides were also applied at 100 MBq per mouse and the effects compared to those observed after application of the Lu-177-labeled counterparts. Bone marrow smears, blood plasma parameters and organ histology were assessed at the end of the study. Results The absorbed organ dose was commonly higher for the SSTR antagonist than for the SSTR agonist and for terbium-161 over lutetium-177. Application of a therapeutic activity level of 20 MBq [Tb-161]Tb-DOTA-LM3 or [Tb-161]Tb-DOTATATE was well tolerated without major hematological changes. The injection of 100 MBq of the Tb-161- and Lu-177-based somatostatin analogues affected the blood cell counts, however. The lymphocytes were 40-50% lower in treated mice compared to the untreated controls on Day 10 irrespective of the radionuclide employed. At the same timepoint, thrombocyte and erythrocyte counts were 30-50% and 6-12% lower, respectively, after administration of the SSTR antagonist (p < 0.05) while changes were less pronounced in mice injected with the SSTR agonist. All blood cell counts were in the normal range on Day 56. Histological analyses revealed minimal abnormalities in the kidneys, liver and spleen of treated mice. No correlation was observed between the organ dose and frequency of the occurrence of abnormalities. Conclusion Hematologic changes were more pronounced in mice treated with the SSTR antagonist than in those treated with the SSTR agonist. Despite the increased absorbed dose delivered by terbium-161 over lutetium-177, [Tb-161]Tb-DOTA-LM3 and [Tb-161]Tb-DOTATATE should be safe at activity levels that are recommended for their respective Lu-177-based analogues.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Roskam, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
-
Parental Burnout Around the Globe : a 42-Country Study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Affective science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2662-205X .- 2662-2041. ; 2, s. 58-79
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High levels of stress in the parenting domain can lead to parental burnout, a condition that has severe consequences for both parents and children. It is not yet clear, however, whether parental burnout varies by culture, and if so, why it might do so. In this study, we examined the prevalence of parental burnout in 42 countries (17,409 parents; 71% mothers; Mage = 39.20) and showed that the prevalence of parental burnout varies dramatically across countries. Analyses of cultural values revealed that individualistic cultures, in particular, displayed a noticeably higher prevalence and mean level of parental burnout. Indeed, individualism plays a larger role in parental burnout than either economic inequalities across countries, or any other individual and family characteristic examined so far, including the number and age of children and the number of hours spent with them. These results suggest that cultural values in Western countries may put parents under heightened levels of stress.Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42761-020-00028-4.
|
|
| 5. |
- Roskam, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
-
Three reasons why parental burnout is more prevalent in individualistic countries : a mediation study in 36 countries
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 59, s. 681-694
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe prevalence of parental burnout, a condition that has severe consequences for both parents and children, varies dramatically across countries and is highest in Western countries characterized by high individualism.MethodIn this study, we examined the mediators of the relationship between individualism measured at the country level and parental burnout measured at the individual level in 36 countries (16,059 parents).ResultsThe results revealed three mediating mechanisms, that is, self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, high agency and self-directed socialization goals, and low parental task sharing, by which individualism leads to an increased risk of burnout among parents.ConclusionThe results confrm that the three mediators under consideration are all involved, and that mediation was higher for self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, then parental task sharing, and lastly selfdi-rected socialization goals. The results provide some important indications of how to prevent parental burnout at the societal level in Western countries.
|
|
