| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Bergquist, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Impact on follow-up strategies in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Liver international (Print). - Chichester, United Kingdom : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1478-3223 .- 1478-3231. ; 43:1, s. 127-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Evidence for the benefit of scheduled imaging for early detection of hepatobiliary malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is limited. We aimed to compare different follow-up strategies in PSC with the hypothesis that regular imaging improves survival.METHODS: We collected retrospective data from 2,975 PSC patients from 27 centers. Patients were followed from the start of scheduled imaging or in case of clinical follow-up from January 1, 2000, until death or last clinical follow-up alive. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.RESULTS: A broad variety of different follow-up strategies were reported. All except one center used regular imaging, ultrasound (US) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two centers used scheduled ERCP in addition to imaging for surveillance purposes. The overall HR (CI95%) for death, adjusted for sex, age and start year of follow-up, were 0.61 (0.47-0.80) for scheduled imaging with and without ERCP; 0.64 (0.48-0.86) for US/MRI and 0.53 (0.37-0.75) for follow-up strategies including scheduled ERCP. The lower risk of death remained for scheduled imaging with and without ERCP after adjustment for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or high-grade dysplasia as a time-dependent covariate, HR 0.57 (0.44-0.75). Hepatobiliary malignancy was diagnosed in 175 (5.9%) of the patients at 7.9 years follow-up. Asymptomatic patients (25%) with CCA had better survival if scheduled imaging had been performed.CONCLUSIONS: Follow-up strategies vary considerably across centers. Scheduled imaging was associated with improved survival. Multiple factors may contribute to this result including early tumor detection and increased endoscopic treatment of asymptomatic benign biliary strictures.
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| 3. |
- Friis, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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De skandinaviske skriveskoler
- 2015
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Ingår i: Teksten er til at at tale med : et nordisk seminar om skriveundervisning - et nordisk seminar om skriveundervisning. - 9788793077096 ; , s. 17-31
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Pesu, Hannah, et al.
(författare)
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Correlates of Plasma Citrulline, a Potential Marker of Enterocyte Mass, among Children with Stunting: A Cross-Sectional Study in Uganda
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Nutrition. - 1541-6100 .- 0022-3166. ; 154:2, s. 765-776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is associated with stunting. Citrulline, produced in mature enterocytes, may be a valuable biomarker of small intestinal enterocyte mass in the context of EED. Objectives: We aimed to explore the correlates of plasma citrulline (p-cit) in children with stunting. Methods: In a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the community-based MAGNUS (milk affecting growth, cognition and the gut in child stunting) trial (ISRCTN13093195), we explored potential correlates of p-cit in Ugandan children with stunting aged 12–59 mo. Using linear regression in univariate and multivariate models, we explored associations with socioeconomics, diet, micronutrient status, and water, sanitation, and hygiene characteristics. The influence of covariates age, fasting, and systemic inflammation were also explored. Results: In 750 children, the mean ± standard deviation age was 32.0 ± 11.7 mo, and height-for-age z-score was –3.02 ± 0.74. P-cit, available for 730 children, differed according to time fasted and was 20.7 ± 8.9, 22.3 ± 10.6 and 24.2 ± 13.1 μmol/L if fasted <2, 2–5 and >5 h, respectively. Positive correlates of p-cit were age [0.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.001, 0.15 μmol/L] and log10 serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (8.88; 95% CI: 5.09, 12.67 μmol/L). With adjustment for systemic inflammation, the association with serum insulin-like growth factor-1 reduced (4.98; 95% CI: 0.94, 9.03 μmol/L). Negative correlates of p-cit included food insecurity, wet season (–3.12; 95% CI: –4.97, –1.26 μmol/L), serum C-reactive protein (–0.15; 95% CI: –0.20, –0.10 μmol/L), serum α1-acid glycoprotein (–5.34; 95% CI: –6.98, –3.70 μmol/L) and anemia (–1.95; 95% CI: –3.72, –0.18 μmol/L). Among the negatively correlated water, sanitation, and hygiene characteristics was lack of soap for handwashing (–2.53; 95% CI: –4.82, –0.25 μmol/L). Many associations attenuated with adjustment for inflammation. Conclusions: Many of the correlates of p-cit are characteristic of populations with a high EED prevalence. Systemic inflammation is strongly associated with p-cit and is implicated in EED and stunting. Adjustment for systemic inflammation attenuates many associations, reflecting either confounding, mediation, or both. This study highlights the complex interplay between p-cit and systemic inflammation.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bjørnsbo, Kirsten Schroll, et al.
(författare)
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Protocol for the combined cardiometabolic deep phenotyping and registry-based 20-year follow-up study of the Inter99 cohort
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - 2044-6055. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The population-based Inter99 cohort has contributed extensively to our understanding of effects of a systematic screening and lifestyle intervention, as well as the multifactorial aetiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. To understand causes, trajectories and patterns of early and overt cardiometabolic disease manifestations, we will perform a combined clinical deep phenotyping and registry follow-up study of the now 50–80 years old Inter99 participants. Methods and analysis The Inter99 cohort comprises individuals aged 30–60 years, who lived in a representative geographical area of greater Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1999. Age-stratified and sex-stratified random subgroups were invited to participate in either a lifestyle intervention (N=13 016) or questionnaires (N=5264), while the rest served as a reference population (N=43 021). Of the 13 016 individuals assigned to the lifestyle intervention group, 6784 (52%) accepted participation in a baseline health examination in 1999, including screening for cardiovascular risk factors and prediabetic conditions. In total, 6004 eligible participants, who participated in the baseline examination, will be invited to participate in the deep phenotyping 20-year follow-up clinical examination including measurements of anthropometry, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, cardiometabolic biomarkers, coronary artery calcification, heart rate variability, heart rhythm, liver stiffness, fundus characteristics, muscle strength and mass, as well as health and lifestyle questionnaires. In a subsample, 10-day monitoring of diet, physical activity and continuous glucose measurements will be performed. Fasting blood, urine and faecal samples to be stored in a biobank. The established database will form the basis of multiple analyses. A main purpose is to investigate whether low birth weight independent of genetics, lifestyle and glucose tolerance predicts later common T2D cardiometabolic comorbidities. Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee, Capital Region, Denmark (H-20076231) and by the Danish Data Protection Agency through the Capital Region of Denmark’s registration system (P-2020-1074). Informed consent will be obtained before examinations. Findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, at conferences and via presentations to stakeholders, including patients and public health policymakers.
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| 7. |
- Castelli, Ivano E., et al.
(författare)
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Data Management Plans : the Importance of Data Management in the BIG-MAP Project
- 2021
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Ingår i: Batteries & Supercaps. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2566-6223. ; 4:12, s. 1803-1812
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open access to research data is increasingly important for accelerating research. Grant authorities therefore request detailed plans for how data is managed in the projects they finance. We have recently developed such a plan for the EU H2020 BIG-MAP project-a cross-disciplinary project targeting disruptive battery-material discoveries. Essential for reaching the goal is extensive sharing of research data across scales, disciplines and stakeholders, not limited to BIG-MAP and the European BATTERY 2030+ initiative but within the entire battery community. The key challenges faced in developing the data management plan for such a large and complex project were to generate an overview of the enormous amount of data that will be produced, to build an understanding of the data flow within the project and to agree on a roadmap for making all data FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable). This paper describes the process we followed and how we structured the plan.
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| 8. |
- Christensen, Sarah Friis, et al.
(författare)
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Healthcare resource utilization in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms: A Danish nationwide matched cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few studies have assessed healthcare resource utilization (HRU) in patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) using a matched cohort design. Further, no detailed assessment of HRU in the years preceding an MPN diagnosis exists. We conducted a registry-based nationwide Danish cohort study, including patients with essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, myelofibrosis, and unclassifiable MPN diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2016. HRU data were summarized annually from 2 years before MPN diagnosis until emigration, death, or end of study (December 2017). We included 3342 MPN patients and 32 737 comparisons without an MPN diagnosis, matched on sex, age, region of residence, and level of education. During the study period, the difference in HRU (rate ratio) between patients and matched comparisons ranged from 1.0 to 1.5 for general practitioner contacts, 0.9 to 2.2 for hospitalizations, 0.9 to 3.8 for inpatient days, 1.0 to 4.0 for outpatient visits, 1.3 to 2.1 for emergency department visits, and 1.0 to 4.1 for treatments/examinations. In conclusion, MPN patients had overall higher HRU than the matched comparisons throughout the follow-up period (maximum 8 years). Further, MPN patients had substantially increased HRU in both the primary and secondary healthcare sector in the 2 years preceding the diagnosis.
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| 9. |
- Christensen, Sarah Friis, et al.
(författare)
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Labor Market Attachment in Patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Nationwide Matched Cohort Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 138:Suppl 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are characterized by a substantial symptom burden, risk of debilitating complications (e.g., thrombosis), and increased comorbidity. Recently, three comprehensive questionnaire studies (Mesa 2016, Harrison 2017, Jingbo 2018) have reported a high impact of MPNs on patients' ability to work. However, no registry-based studies have assessed labor market attachment (LMA) of MPN patients and matched nonMPN comparisons.AIM: To assess the pre- and post-diagnostic LMA of MPN patients and matched nonMPN comparisons.METHODS: We conducted a descriptive, registry-based nationwide cohort study, using data from the Danish National Chronic Myeloid Neoplasia Registry including all Danish MPN patients diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2016. Population-based cohorts of nonMPN comparisons were constructed by 1:10 matching on age, sex, level of education, and region of residence. Data on LMA were retrieved from the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization, which holds information on all public transfer payments in Denmark. Data were linked using the unique civil registration number, which identifies all Danish citizens. The LMA endpoints were defined for each individual as working (not receiving any type of transfer payment), unemployed, receiving transfer payment for either sick leave, disability pension, age pension, or other health-related benefits (e.g., wage-subsidized employment). We assessed LMA weekly for each individual from two years before diagnosis until death, emigration, or two years after the diagnosis. For each cohort, we presented LMA as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), as well as the proportion of individuals who died during follow-up.RESULTS: The study included 3,342 MPN patients (1,140 essential thrombocythemia [ET]; 1,109 polycythemia vera [PV]; 533 myelofibrosis [MF]; and 560 unspecified MPN [MPN-U]) and 32,737 nonMPN comparisons (11,181 nonET; 10,873 nonPV; 5,217 nonPMF; and 5,466 nonMPN-U). The median age at time of diagnosis was: ET 67 years (interquartile range [IQR], 55-76); PV, 69 years (IQR, 61-77); PMF, 73 years (IQR, 66-79); and MPN-U, 72 years (IQR, 63-80).At time of MPN diagnosis, the majority of MPN patients and nonMPN comparisons received age pension (range: ET, 52.1% [95% CI, 49.2-55.0] to nonMF, 70.3% [95% CI, 69.1-71.6]). The proportions working were: ET, 35.1% (95% CI, 32.3-37.9) vs. nonET, 37.3% (95% CI, 36.5-38.2); PV, 22.6% (95% CI, 20.2-25.1) vs. nonPV, 30.8% (95% CI, 29.9-31.7); MF, 23.8% (95% CI, 20.2-27.4) vs. nonMF, 23.6% (95% CI, 22.5-24.8); and MPN-U, 22.1% (95% CI,18.7- 25.6) vs. nonMPN-U, 27.8% (95% CI, 26.6-29.0). Across MPN subtypes, a larger proportion of patients than comparisons were on sick leave: ET, 3.5% (95% CI, 2.4-4.6) vs. nonET, 1.3% (95% CI, 1.1-1.5); PV, 5.5% (95% CI, 4.2-6.8) vs. nonPV, 0.9% (95% CI, 0.7-1.1); MF (not applicable due to small numbers) vs. nonMF, 0.6% (95% CI, 0.4-0.8); and MPN-U, 3.0% (95% CI, 1.6- 4.5) vs. nonMPN-U, 1.0% (95% CI, 0.7-1.3). Regarding disability pension, the proportions ranged from 4.1% (95% CI, 2.4-5.8) to 5.0% (95% CI, 3.7-6.3) among patients and from 3.1% (95% CI, 2.6-3.6) to 4.7% (95% CI, 4.3-5.1) among comparisons. For both MPN patients and nonMPN comparisons, few were unemployed (≤3.3%) or received other health-related benefits (≤1.6%).Two years preceding diagnosis, the proportion of PV and MPN-U patients working was slightly lower than the matched comparisons: PV, 31.0% (95% CI, 28.4-33.8) vs. nonPV, 34.3% (95% CI, 33.5-35.2) and MPN-U, 28.2% (95% CI, 24.6-32.1) vs. nonMPN-U, 32.0% (95% CI, 30.7-33.2), while this difference was not observed between ET and MF patients and their respective comparisons.From two years before to two years after diagnosis, we observed slightly larger reductions in the proportion working among MPN patients than among comparisons. Among MPN patients, the proportion on sick leave including other health-related benefits, increased during the study period, while it remained unchanged among comparisons. The proportion of patients and comparisons on disability pension remained stable.CONCLUSION: Overall, our findings showed that Danish patients with ET, PV, MF, and MPN-U had slightly impaired LMA already two years before diagnosis and up to two years after diagnosis. Thus, fewer patients were working and more patients transferred to sick leave compared with matched individuals without MPN.
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| 10. |
- Friis Møller, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Production and fate of copepod fecal pellets acrossthe Southern Indian Ocean
- 2011
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Ingår i: Marine Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0025-3162 .- 1432-1793. ; 158:3, s. 677-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The vertical distribution of copepods, fecal pellets and the fecal pellet production of copepods were measured at seven stations across the Southern Indian Ocean from productive areas off South Africa to oligotrophic waters off Northern Australia during October/November 2006. We quantified export of copepod fecal pellet from surface waters and how much was retained. Furthermore, the potential impact of Oncaea spp. and harpacticoid copepods on fecal pellets degradation was evaluated and found to be regional substantial. The highest copepod abundance and fecal pellet production was found in the western nutrient-rich stations close to South Africa and the lowest at the central oligotrophic stations. The in situ copepod fecal pellet production varied between 1 and 1,000 mu g C m(-3) day(-1). At all stations, the retention of fecal pellets in the upper 400 m of the water column was more than 99% and the vertical export of fecal pellets was low (< 0.02 mg m(-2) day(-1)).
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| 11. |
- Friis, O., et al.
(författare)
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Strategy innovation with employee involvement
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business. - 1479-3067 .- 1479-3059. ; 7:2, s. 125-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to investigate how employees can be involved in strategy innovation processes and how new strategy practices (new tools and procedures) are used to change strategy praxis in order to sustain value creation. In the strategising actions, we found that even if the managers still dominate, some processes of direct involvement of employees occur, in particular when employees are asked to supplement overall strategic goals and when they directly shape several sub-strategies. Strategy practices found include strategy planning, an open space workshop and organised strategy projects. Especially, the latter two are important in facilitating the employee involvement. The case, however, also exhibits enterprise-situated praxises related to unplanned events, like the mitigation of taboos.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Jonasdottir, Sigrun Huld, et al.
(författare)
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Biological oceanography across the Southern Indian Ocean - basin scale trends in the zooplankton community
- 2013
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Ingår i: Deep Sea Research Part I. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-0637 .- 1879-0119. ; 75, s. 16-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a study on the protozooplankton > 5 mu m and copepods larger than 50 mu m at a series of contrasting stations across the Southern Indian Ocean (SIO). Numerically, over 80% of the copepod community across the transect was less than 650 mu m in size, dominated by nauplii, and smaller copepods, while 80% of the biomass (as mg C m(-3)) was larger than 1300 mu m in body length. Predation by the carnivorous copepod Corycaeus sp. was estimated to be able to remove up to 2% d(-1) of the copepods < 1000 mu m in size. By the help of grazing models we estimated that primary producers were mainly grazed upon by ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates (40-80% d(-1) combined) in temperate waters but appendicularians became increasingly important in the tropical waters grazing about 40% of the biomass per day. Despite their high abundance and biomass, copepods contributed less than 20% of the grazing at most stations. Secondary production was low (carbon specific egg production < 0.14 d(-1)) but typical for food limited oligotrophic oceans.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Jørgensen, Claus, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming capabilities in offshoring processes – Longitudinal development of organisational resources and routines in four Danish offshoring enterprises
- 2015
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Ingår i: Strategic Outsourcing. - 1753-8297 .- 1753-8300. ; 8:1, s. 53 - 75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This paper aims to focus on how organisational capabilities, enhancing the dynamiccapability perspective, evolve during a more than five-year offshoring process in four Danish small- andmedium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The strategic decision to offshore some manufacturing activitiesmeant that capabilities were ruptured and had to be rebuilt.Design/methodology/approach – The empirical investigation took the form of qualitative casestudies with a longitudinal orientation focussing in on a few events in the four cases (strategic changein the sourcing configuration) as a process research design (Pettigrew, 1990; Van de Ven, 2007).Interviews were transcribed and coded in NVivo.Findings – The four cases followed distinct trajectories, but they all changed their routines regardinghow to handle knowledge, including both technology and human resources. A need for specific humanresources acting as boundary spanners arose, transforming both intra- and inter-organisationalpractices in all four cases. More complex activities were moved offshore to enhance the dynamiccapabilities of the companies regarding both product development as well as specific processes, therebytransforming/reconfiguring the organisational capabilities of the companies. However, in the twosmall-sized cases, more complex/less routinised activities were backsourced, demonstrating asignificant problem over time with the development of sufficient organisational resources to maintainseizing and sensing capabilities within these companies in comparison with the two other medium-sizedcases.Research limitations/implications – The fact that most of the data were generated from aninside-out perspective, taking the point of departure in the core firms, can be viewed as a limitation. Theauthors’ data on the wider network are also limited. Finally, the authors’ interviews are conductedrelatively infrequently when considering the length of the process.Practical implications – The four longitudinal cases show that the longer-term offshoring journeydoes not involve a single path or a single best practice. The cases show captive as well as outsourcingarrangements and even enterprise transformations. The cases demonstrate a common focus on findingand nurturing core suppliers and core business processes, which can be characterised as continuallearning and development of organising capabilities.Originality/value – The study contributes to the growing body of research into dynamic(organisational) capabilities in an offshoring and SME context.
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| 17. |
- Jørgensen, Claus, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming organizational capabilities in strategizing: Strategic sourcing routines in two Danish offshoring enterprises
- 2014
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Ingår i: EGOS.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Offshored and networked enterprises are becoming an important if not leading organizational form and this development seriously challenges their organizational capabilities. More specifically, over the last years, SMEs have commenced entering these kinds of arrangements. As the organizational capabilities of SMEs are limited at the outset, even more emphasis is needed regarding the issues of developing relevant organizational capabilities. This paper aims at investigating how capabilities evolve during an offshoring process of more than 5 years in two Danish SMEs, i.e. not only short- but long-term evolvements within the companies. We develop our framework of understanding organizational capabilities drawing on dynamic capability, relational capability and strategy as practice concepts, appreciating the performative aspects of developing new routines.Our two cases are taken from one author’s Ph.D. study on SME offshoring. The case study takes its point of departure in the initial event of manufacturing routines being offshored. This meant that previous collocated capabilities partly lost their value and relevance, and new capabilities had to be built. From there the cases have followed distinctive trajectories and the companies have changed their routines for handling knowledge between the new entities dispersed in space and time. Specifically the use of key boundary spanners as routine translators and implementers emerged as a key capability in the two case companies.Further routines were reallocated over time thereby creating a growing need for new capabilities and transformed knowledge handling routines. IT emerged into an important resource to support more complex routines of product development as well as specific management and HRM processes assisting the transformation of the organizational capabilities of the SMEs.
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| 18. |
- Koch, Christian, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Operations Strategy Development in Project-based Production –A Political Process Perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. - 1741-038X. ; 26:4, s. 501-514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study how operations strategy (OS) innovation occurs ina project-centred production and organisation.Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal case study encompassing the processes at theheadquarters of the company and in two projects using lean.Findings – The operation strategy development commences at a middle level in the organisation, isunderpinned and embedded in production projects and only after several years becomes embedded inthe corporate operation strategy. Projects use lean principles in a differentiated manner.Research limitations/implications – A qualitative case study provides insight into only a singleoccasion of change in OS. More case studies would probably reveal several paths of OS development.OS development need to be handled as emergent, political and with contributions from severalmanagers and management levels, bridging the vertical divides between projects and headquarter.Practical implications – A conscious and systematic vertical integration and interaction is crucial inproject-based companies doing operation strategy development, something critically difficult atbuilding contractors.Originality/value – The present study contributes to the small body of studies of OS developmentprocesses, by providing insight in how project-based companies renew their operation strategy.
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| 19. |
- Nielsen, Glen, et al.
(författare)
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Health promotion : The impact of beliefs of health benefits, social relations and enjoyment on exercise continuation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 24:Suppl. 1, s. 66-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore how and why participants in structured exercise intervention programs continue or stop exercising after the program is finished. We conducted four focus group interviews with four groups of middle-aged and elderly men (total n=28) who had participated in exercise interventions involving playing either a team sport (football) or a more individually focused activity (spinning and crossfit). Our results show that different social, organizational and material structures inherent in the different activities shape the subjects' enjoyment of exercise participation, as well as their intention and ability to continue being active. In conclusion, team sport activities seem to be intrinsically motivating to the participants through positive social interaction and play. They are therefore more likely to result in exercise continuation than activities that rely primarily on extrinsic motivation such as the expectation of improved health and well-being. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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| 20. |
- Priskorn, Lærke, et al.
(författare)
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RUBIC (ReproUnion Biobank and Infertility Cohort) : A binational clinical foundation to study risk factors, life course, and treatment of infertility and infertility-related morbidity
- 2021
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 9:6, s. 1828-1842
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Infertility affects 15%–25% of all couples during their reproductive life span. It is a significant societal and public health problem with potential psychological, social, and economic consequences. Furthermore, infertility has been linked to adverse long-term health outcomes. Despite the advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques available, approximately 30% of infertile couples do not obtain a live birth after fertility treatment. For these couples, there are no further options to increase their chances of a successful pregnancy and live birth. Objectives: Three overall questions will be studied: (1) What are the risk factors and natural life courses of infertility, early embryonic loss, and adverse pregnancy outcomes? (2) Can we develop new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for fecundity and treatment success? And (3) what are the health characteristics of women and men in infertile couples at the time of fertility treatment and during long-term follow-up?. Material and Methods: ReproUnion Biobank and Infertility Cohort (RUBIC) is established as an add-on to the routine fertility management at Copenhagen University Hospital Departments in the Capital Region of Denmark and Reproductive Medicine Centre at Skåne University Hospital in Sweden. The aim is to include a total of 5000 couples equally distributed between Denmark and Sweden. The first patients were enrolled in June 2020. All eligible infertile couples are prospectively asked to participate in the project. Participants complete an extensive questionnaire and undergo a physical examination and collection of biospecimens (blood, urine, hair, saliva, rectal swabs, feces, semen, endometrial biopsies, and vaginal swabs). After the cohort is established, the couples will be linked to the Danish and Swedish national registers to obtain information on parental, perinatal, childhood, and adult life histories, including disease and medication history. This will enable us to understand the causes of infertility and identify novel therapeutic options for this important societal problem.
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| 21. |
- Skovgaard Svingel, Lise, et al.
(författare)
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Labor market affiliation of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms : a population-based matched cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) suffer from substantial symptoms and risk of debilitating complications, yet observational data on their labor market affiliation are scarce.Material and methods: We conducted a descriptive cohort study using data from Danish nationwide registries, including patients diagnosed with MPN in 2010-2016. Each patient was matched with up to ten comparators without MPN on age, sex, level of education, and region of residence. We assessed pre- and post-diagnosis labor market affiliation, defined as working, unemployed, or receiving sickness benefit, disability pension, retirement pension, or other health-related benefits. Labor market affiliation was assessed weekly from two years pre-diagnosis until death, emigration, or 31 December 2018. For patients and comparators, we reported percentage point (pp) changes in labor market affiliation cross-sectionally from week −104 pre-diagnosis to week 104 post-diagnosis.Results: The study included 3,342 patients with MPN and 32,737 comparators. From two years pre-diagnosis until two years post-diagnosis, a larger reduction in the proportion working was observed among patients than comparators (essential thrombocythemia: 10.2 [95% CI: 6.3–14.1] vs. 6.8 [95% CI: 5.5–8.0] pp; polycythemia vera: 9.6 [95% CI: 5.9–13.2] vs. 7.4 [95% CI: 6.2–8.7] pp; myelofibrosis: 8.1 [95% CI: 3.0–13.2] vs. 5.8 [95% CI: 4.2–7.5] pp; and unclassifiable MPN: 8.0 [95% CI: 3.0–13.0] vs. 7.4 [95% CI: 5.7–9.1] pp). Correspondingly, an increase in the proportion of patients receiving sickness benefits including other health-related benefits was evident around the time of diagnosis.Conclusion: Overall, we found that Danish patients with essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, myelofibrosis, and unclassifiable MPN had slightly impaired labor market affiliation compared with a population of the same age and sex. From two years pre-diagnosis to two years post-diagnosis, we observed a larger reduction in the proportion of patients with MPN working and a greater proportion receiving sickness benefits compared with matched individuals.
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- Smith, Emily R, et al.
(författare)
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Modifiers of the effect of maternal multiple micronutrient supplementation on stillbirth, birth outcomes, and infant mortality : a meta-analysis of individual patient data from 17 randomised trials in low-income and middle-income countries.
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Lancet Global Health. - 2214-109X. ; 5:11, s. e1090-e1100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies are common among women in low-income and middle-income countries. Data from randomised trials suggest that maternal multiple micronutrient supplementation decreases the risk of low birthweight and potentially improves other infant health outcomes. However, heterogeneity across studies suggests influence from effect modifiers. We aimed to identify individual-level modifiers of the effect of multiple micronutrient supplements on stillbirth, birth outcomes, and infant mortality in low-income and middle-income countries.METHODS: This two-stage meta-analysis of individual patient included data from 17 randomised controlled trials done in 14 low-income and middle-income countries, which compared multiple micronutrient supplements containing iron-folic acid versus iron-folic acid alone in 112 953 pregnant women. We generated study-specific estimates and pooled subgroup estimates using fixed-effects models and assessed heterogeneity between subgroups with the χ(2) test for heterogeneity. We did sensitivity analyses using random-effects models, stratifying by iron-folic acid dose, and exploring individual study effect.FINDINGS: Multiple micronutrient supplements containing iron-folic acid provided significantly greater reductions in neonatal mortality for female neonates compared with male neonates than did iron-folic acid supplementation alone (RR 0·85, 95% CI 0·75-0·96 vs 1·06, 0·95-1·17; p value for interaction 0·007). Multiple micronutrient supplements resulted in greater reductions in low birthweight (RR 0·81, 95% CI 0·74-0·89; p value for interaction 0·049), small-for-gestational-age births (0·92, 0·87-0·97; p=0·03), and 6-month mortality (0·71, 0·60-0·86; p=0·04) in anaemic pregnant women (haemoglobin <110g/L) as compared with non-anaemic pregnant women. Multiple micronutrient supplements also had a greater effect on preterm births among underweight pregnant women (BMI <18·5 kg/m(2); RR 0·84, 95% CI 0·78-0·91; p=0·01). Initiation of multiple micronutrient supplements before 20 weeks gestation provided greater reductions in preterm birth (RR 0·89, 95% CI 0·85-0·93; p=0·03). Generally, the survival and birth outcome effects of multiple micronutrient supplementation were greater with high adherence (≥95%) to supplementation. Multiple micronutrient supplements did not significantly increase the risk of stillbirth or neonatal, 6-month, or infant mortality, neither overall or in any of the 26 examined subgroups.INTERPRETATION: Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplements improved survival for female neonates and provided greater birth-outcome benefits for infants born to undernourished and anaemic pregnant women. Early initiation in pregnancy and high adherence to multiple micronutrient supplements also provided greater overall benefits. Studies should now aim to elucidate the mechanisms accounting for differences in the effect of antenatal multiple micronutrient supplements on infant health by maternal nutrition status and sex.
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