| 1. |
- Bergenholtz, Gunnar, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of pulps in teeth affected by deep caries - A systematic review of the literature.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Singapore dental journal. - : World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt. - 0377-5291. ; 34:1, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: This systematic review assesses the effect of methods commonly used to manage the pulp in cases of deep caries lesions, and the extent the pulp chamber remains uninfected and does not cause pulpal or periapical inflammatory lesions and associated tooth-ache over time.STUDY DESIGN: An electronic literature search included the databases PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Reviews from January 1950 to March 2013. In addition, hand searches were carried out. Two reviewers independently evaluated abstracts and full-text articles. An article was read in full if at least one of the two reviewers considered the abstract potentially relevant. Altogether, 161 articles were read in full text. Of these, 24 studies fulfilled established inclusion criteria. Based on studies of at least moderate quality, the quality of evidence of each procedure was rated in four levels according to GRADE.RESULTS: No study reached the high quality level. Twelve were of moderate quality. The overall evidence was insufficient to assess which of indirect pulp capping, stepwise excavation, direct excavation and pulp capping/partial pulpotomy, pulpotomy or pulpectomy is the most effective treatment approach for teeth with deep caries.CONCLUSIONS: Because of the lack of good studies it is not possible to determine whether an injured pulp by deep caries can be maintained or whether it should be removed and replaced with a root canal filling. Both randomized studies and prospective observational studies are needed to investigate whether a pulp exposed to deep caries is best treated by measures intended to preserve it or by pulpectomy and root filling.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Dawson, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Survival of Root-filled Teeth in Relation to Restoration and Tooth-group
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: To compare the survival of teeth root-filled in Sweden in 2009 in relation to type of restoration and tooth-group.Methods: The database at the Swedish Social Insurance Agency containing information on treatments was used to identify all teeth in Sweden that were root-filled during 2009, by searching for the treatment codes corresponding to root-filling. The completed root-fillings could be linked to a specific tooth in a specific individual. Teeth registered as restored with a direct or indirect restoration within 6 months after completion of the root-filling were tagged and tracked until December 31st 2014. During this period, the treatment codes for extraction were registered for the identified root-filled teeth in order to construct Kaplan-Meier tooth survival analyses.Results: 248,299 teeth were registered as root-filled in Sweden in the year 2009. Of these 142,264 (57.3%) were restored with a direct restoration and 64,092 (25.8%) with an indirect restoration. Survival analysis disclosed that 5-6 years after root canal treatment 93.1% of the teeth with an indirect restoration had survived and 89.6% of the teeth with a direct restoration had survived. In the total material, irrespectively to any coronal restoration, premolars and upper anterior teeth had the highest survival (93.0% respectively 91.4%) and molars the lowest survival (87.6%). The same pattern was observed in sub-group analysis in the group of root-filled teeth with direct restorations. In the group with root-filled teeth with indirect restorations another pattern was observed; upper anterior teeth (92.6%) had a relatively lower survival, equivalent to those of molar teeth (92.6%).Conclusions: 5-6 year survival of root-filled teeth in Sweden were higher in the group with indirect restorations compared to the group with direct restoration. Root-filled upper incisors had an overall high survival, though for root-filled upper anterior teeth with indirect restorations the survival was relatively low.
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| 4. |
- Einarson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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A Machine Learning Approach to Simulation of Mallard Movements
- 2024
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences (Switzerland). - : MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. - 2076-3417. ; 14:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machine learning (ML) is increasingly used in diverse fields, including animal behavior research. However, its application to ambiguous data requires careful consideration to avoid uncritical interpretations. This paper extends prior research on ringed mallards where sensors revealed their movements in southern Sweden, particularly in areas with small lakes. The primary focus is to distinguish the movement patterns of wild and farmed mallards. While well-known statistical methods can capture such differences, ML also provides opportunities to simulate behaviors outside of the core study span. Building on this, this study applies ML techniques to simulate these movements, using the previously collected data. It is crucial to note that unrefined application of ML can lead to incomplete or misleading outcomes. Challenges in the data include disparities in swimming and flying records, farmed mallards’ biased data due to feeding points, and extended intervals between data points. This research highlights these data challenges, while identifying discernible patterns, as well as proposing approaches to meet such challenges. The key contribution lies in separating incompatible data and, through different ML models, handle these separately to enhance the reliability of the simulation models. This approach ensures a more credible and nuanced understanding of mallard movements, demonstrating the importance of critical analysis in ML applications in wildlife studies.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Ericson, Tove, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Zinc-Tin-Oxide Buffer Layer and Low Temperature Post Annealing Resulting in a 9.0% Efficient Cd-Free Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cell
- 2017
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Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : Wiley. - 2367-198X. ; 1:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zn1−xSnxOy (ZTO) has yielded promising results as a buffer material for the full sulfur Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), with efficiencies continuously surpassing its CdS-references. ZTO can be deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD), enabling tuning of the conduction band position through the choice of metal ratio or deposition temperature. Thus, an optimization of the conduction band alignment between ZTO and CZTS can be achieved. The ZTO bandgap is generally larger than that of CdS and can therefore yield higher currents due to reduced losses in the short wavelength region. Another advantage is the possibility to omit the toxic Cd. In this study, the ALD process temperature was varied from 105 to 165 °C. Current-blocked devices were obtained at 105 °C, while the highest open-circuit voltage and device efficiency was achieved for 145 °C. The highest fill factor was seen at 165 °C. The best efficiency reached in this study was 9.0%, which, to our knowledge, is the highest efficiency reported for Cd-free full-sulfur CZTS. We also show that the effect of heat needs to be taken into account. The results indicate that part of the device improvement comes from heating the absorber, but that the benefit of using a ZTO-buffer is clear.
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| 7. |
- Fransson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Demographics of Individuals Extracting Root-filled Teeth in Sweden
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: To study some demographic variables of individuals registered receiving a root canal filling in a tooth that during the subsequent 5 to 6 years was registered as being extracted in comparison of individuals retaining the equivalent root-filled tooth during the same period.Methods: Data from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency were analyzed regarding all teeth that were reported root-filled in Sweden during 2009. The upper first molars were chosen to be a model for the comparisons. A control group was constructed by randomly selecting individuals with upper first molars not extracted. Demographical data on the individuals were received from Statistics Sweden and the groups were studied in regard to gender, age, ethnicity, mean income, educational level and civil status.Results: During 2009 a total of 36,139 upper first molars was registered as being root-filled and during the subsequent 5 to 6 years 4,362 (12.9%) of these teeth were registered as being extracted. The studied demographic variables were almost equal between the individuals who had their root-filled teeth extracted and the individuals in the control group who retained their root-filled teeth. The individuals extracting was in average older (52.7 years) than those retaining (51.1 years). A larger percentage of women (51.8) than men (48.2) was found in the group whose teeth were extracted.Conclusions: Demographic variables differed somewhat in regard to gender and age in individuals extracting root-filled upper first molars compared to individuals retaining their teeth. In regard to ethnicity, mean income, educational level and civil status only minor differences were detected.
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| 8. |
- Fransson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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EndoReCo banar väg för ökad kunskap och akademisk meritering
- 2022
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidningen. - : Sveriges tandläkarförbund. - 0039-6982. ; 114:12, s. 46-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- För att minska kunskapsluckorna inom odontologin krävs samarbete mellan lärosätena. Det ger även möjlighet till akademisk meritering, vilket är angeläget då antalet seniora forskare med behörighet för forskningshandledning i Sverige är färre än någonsin. EndoReCo (Endodontic Research Collaboration) är ett skandinaviskt forskningsnätverk i endodonti som kan ta del av just dessa fördelar.
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| 9. |
- Fransson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Factors Associated with Extractions Following Root-filling in Swedish Adults
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: Root-fillings are essentially performed to preserve natural teeth. However over time some root-filled teeth will be extracted. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with extractions within a period of 5 years after completion of a root-filling in the adult Swedish population. Methods: In this registry study, the cohort consisted of all root-fillings reported to the tax-funded Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) during 2009. Tooth type, any registration of subsequent coronal restorations within 6 months and type of caregiver were recorded. Demographic data (gender, disposable income, age, educational level, civil status and country of birth) were received from Statistics Sweden or the SSIA. Statistical analyses included chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression analysis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The total number of individuals registered with at least one root-filling was 216,764. Not all had a registration of a tooth number or had no registrations at Statistics Sweden (n=824) and were excluded from the analyses. After 5 years, 9.4% of the teeth had been registered as extracted. Preliminary data showed risk factors associated with higher odds for extractions to be molar teeth, teeth with no registration of any permanent coronal restoration within 6 months following the registration of the root-filling, root-fillings performed in the private sector, women, older age-group and widow(er)s or divorcees. Conclusions: Several individual and tooth specific factors were associated with extraction following root-filling in the Swedish adult population. The direct reasons for the extractions remain to be studied further.
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| 10. |
- Fransson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Survival of Root-filled Teeth in the Swedish Adult Population
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Endodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0099-2399 .- 1878-3554. ; 42:2, s. 216-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2016 American Association of Endodontists. Introduction The aim was to assess survival in the Swedish population of teeth treated by nonsurgical root canal treatment during 2009. Methods Data from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis to assess cumulative tooth survival during a period of 5-6 years of all teeth that were root-filled during 2009. Results In 2009, 248,299 teeth were reported as root-filled. The average age of the patients at the time of the root filling was 55 years (range, 20-102 years). The teeth most frequently root-filled were the maxillary and mandibular first molars. During the 5- to 6-year period 25,228 of the root-filled teeth (10.2%) were reported to have been extracted; thus 223,071 teeth (89.8%) survived. Tooth survival was highest in the youngest age group (93.2%). The highest survival (93.0%) was for the mandibular premolars, and the lowest (87.5%) was for the mandibular molars. Teeth restored with indirect restorations within 6 months of the root filling had higher survival rates (93.1%) than those restored with a direct filling (89.6%). Conclusions In the adult population of Sweden, teeth that are root-filled by general practitioners under the tax-funded Swedish Social Insurance Agency have a 5- to 6-year survival rate of approximately 90%.
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| 11. |
- Frisk, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Ett möte mellan bollspel och dans i BRESS
- 2023
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Ingår i: Boll och bollspel i skolan. - : Liber. - 9789177270959 ; , s. 198-228
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Artikeln beskriver ett utvecklingsprojekt som arbetar med studenters rörelseförmågor genom att utgå från det rörelseteoretiska ramverket BRESS (Body, Relation, Effort, Shape och Space).
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| 12. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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A 24-year follow-up of root filled teeth and periapical health amongst middle aged and elderly women in Göteborg, Sweden.
- 2005
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 38:4, s. 246-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe the endodontic status amongst middle-aged and elderly women longitudinally and cross-sectionally over 24 years. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of 1462 women 38, 46, 50, 54 and 60 years old, living in Göteborg, Sweden, were sampled in 1968 for medical and dental examinations with a participation rate of 90.1%. The same women were re-examined in 1980 and 1992 together with new 38- and 50-year-old women. The dental examination consisted of questionnaires, clinical and panoramic radiological survey (OPG). The number of teeth, number of root filled teeth (RF) and number of teeth with periapical radiolucencies (PA) were registered. The RF and PA ratios were calculated. Cross-sectional data were analysed by means of anova and longitudinal data by a general linear model for repeated measures. Sample prevalences were compared and statistical inferences were made with the chi-squared test. In all analysis, the confidence interval (CI) regarded mean difference between groups (95% CI). RESULTS: The RF and PA ratio decreased over time as well as the frequency of edentulous subjects. Cross-sectional analysis revealed a minor increase in frequency of RF and PA and loss of teeth with age. Longitudinally, loss of teeth was evident in all cohorts. In addition, there was a trend of lower number of teeth with PA, and the RF ratio increased with age. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of periapical disease did not increase with age, probably as a result of root canal treatment and extractions. Data showed that the prevalence of RF teeth and teeth with PA decreased for comparable age cohorts during the 24-year follow-up.
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| 13. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Endodonti
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 14. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Endodontic variables and coronary heart disease.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 61:5, s. 257-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This cross-sectional study was designed to explore a possible association between endodontic disease variables and coronary heart disease (CHD). Dental infections are hypothesized to be linked to atherosclerosis and could be a cause of vascular changes crucial for the development of CHD. Most studies have focused on periodontal disease. To our knowledge, no one has specifically studied endodontic variables as risk factors for the development of CHD. In 1992-93, a representative sample (n = 1056) of women in Göteborg, Sweden, aged between 38 and 84 years, took part in a combined dental and medical survey. The dependent variable was CHD, i.e. subjects with angina pectoris and/or a history of myocardial infarction (n = 106). The independent variables were number of root-filled teeth (RF), number of teeth with periapical radiolucencies (PA), tooth loss (TL), age, life situation, marital status, smoking, alcohol habits, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, hypertension and diabetes. The multivariate logistic regression analysis did not prove the endodontic variables to be predictive of CHD. Only age and tooth loss were significantly associated with CHD, with OR = 1.07 (CI = 1.03-1.12) and OR = 2.70 (CI = 1.49-4.87), respectively. The bivariate logistic regression analysis showed a positive significant association between subjects with RF = 2 and CHD, but for PA the bivariate analysis did not support an association with CHD. This cross-sectional study did not reveal a significant association between endodontically treated teeth and CHD nor between teeth with periapical disease and CHD.
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| 15. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971
(författare)
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Epidemiological Aspects on Apical Periodontitis. Studies based on the Prospective Population Study of Women in Göteborg and the Population Study on Oral Health in Jönköping, Sweden
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objectives of this thesis were to describe endodontic status in Swedish populations, to study clinical and socio-economic risk factors for apical periodontitis (AP) and to explore a possible association between AP and coronary heart disease (CHD). In papers I, III and IV the Prospective Study of Women in G?teborg (PSWG) was used. In paper I dentate women examined in 1968-69 (N=1220), 1980-81 (N=1023) and 1992-93 (N=867) were included for cross-sectional and longitudinal (N=586) analysis of endodontic status over 24 years in individuals aged 38-84 years. In papers III and IV a cross-sectional sample (N=844 and N=867, respectively) from 1992-93 was used for exploring associations between AP, socio-economic risk factors and CHD in multivariate logistic regression models. In paper II random samples of dentate individuals aged 20-70 years from the Population Study on Oral Health in J?nk?ping (PSJ) were used. The first examination in 1973 (N=498) was followed by new examinations in 1983 (N=530), 1993 (N=547) and 2003 (N=491). Full mouth radiographic examinations were restudied, yielding 3981 root filled teeth for the analysis. AP was recorded according to the Periapical Index (PAI) and the root filling quality was assessed with respect to length and seal. The association between root filling quality and AP was studied on the tooth-level as well as on the individual level. The results from multivariate logistic regression analysis did not reveal a significant association between AP and CHD and socio-economic risk factors and AP, respectively. The ratio of root filled teeth increased with age longitudinally and cross-sectionally, but decreased over time for comparable age groups. The ratio of AP increased with age cross-sectionally, but decreased with age longitudinally and for comparable age groups over time. Inadequate root filling quality was predictive of AP with an odds ratio of 4.5. The root filling quality was improved over time without a concomitant decrease in ratio of root filled teeth with AP.
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| 16. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Advanced Projects as Meeting Points between Students and Industry
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study includes survey of the Swedish companies and other potential employers perspective/view on the computer science students´ projects as well as the opportunities and limitations for the students. This is the first major study we have undertaken within this bachelor programme to, in depth, investigate both the company and the student views of how we should incorporate industry-oriented working methods in the context of CDIO. From the companies´ perspective, for example we are evaluating questions related to the projects´ size and projects´ output; the confidentiality of the projects; the communication aspects, like how early and how often a company need to meet the students; the job opportunities after graduation; or if the company is interested in other ways of being involved in the bachelor program. Two courses in the last semester, in the Bachelor Programme in Computer Science and Engineering, are implemented as work-based projects. Here, the students have an opportunity to work with an advanced project incorporating both prototype building, software development and academic research. The full time twenty-week project is incorporating the Conceive, Design and Implement parts of the CDIO concept. For the last three years, the proportion of work-based projects have varied between 40 % and 80 % and has mainly been done in co-operation with private companies. A few projects have been done in co-operation with none-profit organizations. The students’ perspective is very important and is therefore included in this study. The students from the bachelor programme as well as alumni have participated in the survey. The student survey focuses on expectations, experiences, and reflections from the interaction with the companies. The survey also includes questions related to acquired skills and abilities, limitations and difficulties, as well as job opportunities after the graduation.
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| 17. |
- Frisk, Fredrik
(författare)
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Gamow -Teller Beta Decay in Drip Line Nuclei
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Before radioactive ion beams became available, the Gamow-Teller (GT) giant resonance was studied using charge-exchange reactions such as (p,n) and (He,t). In beta-stable nuclei, which can be used as targets, the GT giant resonance lies above the ground state of the mother nucleus. In this thesis the GT strength distribution is studied for deformed proton drip line nuclei with 28 < Z < 72. For these nuclei a large part of the GT strength can be reached through beta decay and one does not have the problem of subtracting the background, which is always present in charge-exchange reactions. Proton-rich nuclei play an important role in the rapid-proton capture process (rp-process). To understand the rp-process one would like to know several decay and capture rates, e.g. beta decay rates and proton capture rates, of proton-rich nuclei and nuclei at the proton drip line. The distribution of the GT beta strength is estimated for the oblate and the prolate Hartree-Fock (HF) local minima of even-even nuclei, using the quasiparticle Tamm-Dancoff approximation (TDA) based on a deformed HF+BCS calculation with Skyrme interaction. The Skyrme interactions SIII and SG2 are used in the HF ground state calculation. The eigenstates are expanded in a harmonic oscillator basis. Pairing correlation is treated in the BCS approximation with a given pairing gap parameter (1 MeV). In the region of 28 < Z < 44 the distribution often depends sensitively on the nuclear shape (namely, oblate or prolate). In this region the possibility of observing beta-delayed proton emission depends sensitively on the excess of Z over Z=N. The prolate local minima and the oblate local minima lie energetically close for these nuclei. In the region of 54 < Z < 72 almost all the GT strength lies below the ground state of the mother nuclei. The GT strength distribution is not sensitive to deformation. For the isotones N=74 and N=76 close to the proton drip line, the total GT strength is always larger for the prolate shape compared to the oblate shape. Approaching the proton drip line the total GT strength increases. The observation of the total GT strength by beta-delayed charged-particle(s) emission will be of essential importance.
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| 18. |
- Frisk, Fredrik
(författare)
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Gamow-Teller Beta-decay of deformed nuclei with 62 = Z = 70near the proton drip-line
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; 57:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of the Gamow–Teller (GT) β+ strength is estimated for both oblate and prolate Hartree–Fock (HF) local minima for even-even nuclei with 62 ≤ Z ≤ 70 near the proton drip line, using the quasiparticle Tamm–Dancoff approximation (TDA) based on a deformed HF + BCS calculation with Skyrme interaction. The prolate local minima and the oblate local minima lie energetically close for these nuclei. Almost all the GT strength lies below the ground state of the mother nuclei in this region. The GT strength distribution is not sensitive to deformation. For the isotones N = 74 and N = 76 close to the proton drip line the total GT strength is always larger for the prolate shape than the oblate shape. Approaching the proton drip line the total GT strength increases.
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| 19. |
- Frisk, Fredrik
(författare)
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Gamow-Teller Beta-decay of deformed nuclei with 62 = Z = 70near the proton drip-line
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - : IOP Publishing Ltd.. - 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; 57:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of the Gamow–Teller (GT) β+ strength is estimated for both oblate and prolate Hartree–Fock (HF) local minima for even-even nuclei with 62 ≤ Z ≤ 70 near the proton drip line, using the quasiparticle Tamm–Dancoff approximation (TDA) based on a deformed HF + BCS calculation with Skyrme interaction. The prolate local minima and the oblate local minima lie energetically close for these nuclei. Almost all the GT strength lies below the ground state of the mother nuclei in this region. The GT strength distribution is not sensitive to deformation. For the isotones N = 74 and N = 76 close to the proton drip line the total GT strength is always larger for the prolate shape than the oblate shape. Approaching the proton drip line the total GT strength increases.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Is apical periodontitis in root filled teeth associated with the type of restoration?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 73:3, s. 169-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the association between type of restoration and apical periodontitis (AP) in root filled teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study used data from surveys conducted in 1983, 1993 and 2003. In 1983, 130 randomly selected subjects aged 3-80 years in the city of Jönköping, Sweden, were invited for a clinical and radiological examination. The study was repeated in 1993 and 2003. New participants were, thus, recruited with the same sampling criteria and sample size in the same geographical area in 1993 and 2003, respectively. In the present study, only dentate individuals aged 20-70 years with ≥1 root filled tooth were included, yielding a sample of 788 subjects with 2634 root filled teeth. Apical periodontitis on the tooth level was the dependent variable. Periapical status was assessed according to Periapical Index (PAI). Independent variables were root filling quality, recurrent caries, type of restoration, number of teeth with apical periodontitis, age and gender. Root fillings appearing homogenous and ending within 2 mm from radiographic apex were regarded as adequate, otherwise inadequate. All radiographs were re-studied by one observer regarding periapical status and root filling quality. Risk was analyzed by means of a GEE model. RESULTS: Type of restoration, root filling quality, number of teeth with apical periodontitis within the individual and age were found to be predictors of AP in root filled teeth. Presence of recurrent caries and gender were not found to be associated with AP. CONCLUSIONS: According to the present study, root filling quality and type of restoration may be predictive of AP in root filled teeth.
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| 22. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Pulp exposures in adults--choice of treatment among Swedish dentists.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Swedish dental journal. - : Sveriges tandläkarförbund. - 0347-9994. ; 37:3, s. 153-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study comprises a survey of Swedish dentists'treatment preferences in cases of carious exposure of the dental pulp in adults.The survey was conducted as part of a comprehensive report on methods of diagnosis and treatment in endodontics, published in 2010 by the Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment. A questionnaire was mailed to a random subsample of 2012 dental offices where one dentist at each office was requested to answer all questions. Each questionnaire contained one of three sets of questions about endodontic practice routines.Thus around one-third of the subsample received case-specific questions about treating carious exposure. Only general practitioners aged below 70 years were included.The final study sample comprised 412 participants.The dentists were presented with two case scenarios. In Case 1 a 22-year old patient had a deep carious lesion in tooth 36 and in Case 2 a 50-year old patient had a deep carious lesion in tooth 14.The participants were asked to nominate their treatment of choice: pulp capping, partial pulpotomy or pulpectomy. For Case 1, 17 per cent of the respondents selected pulpectomy; the corresponding rate for Case 2 was 47 per cent. Female gender and age group 25-49 years were predictive of selection of less invasive treatment options. However, according to recent guidelines (2011) from the National Board of Health and Wellfare, Swedish dentists are recommended to elect pulpectomy prior to pulp capping/partial pulpotomy when confronted with a tooth having a cariously exposed pulp in adults.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Root-filled teeth and recurrent caries-a study of three repeated cross-sectional samples from the city of Jönköping, Sweden.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 69:6, s. 401-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that root-filled teeth are at a higher caries risk than non-root-filled teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two sub-samples from epidemiologically obtained data collected in 1983, 1993 and 2003 in the city of Jönköping, Sweden, were analysed. All the participants were examined clinically and radiographically and the type of filling and the presence or absence of caries were recorded. Sub-sample 1 comprised 832 individuals (9202 teeth) aged 20-70 years with at least eight premolars/molars. In sub-sample 2, 163 subjects (577 teeth) with only one or two decayed tooth surfaces and at least one tooth with full crown coverage were analysed. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis found that root-filled teeth were predictive of recurrent caries when controlling for the type of restoration in sub-sample 1 (OR = 1.68; 1.41-2.0; CI 95%) and sub-sample 2 (OR = 2.20; 1.07-4.52; CI 95%). CONCLUSION: In support of the suggested hypothesis, the data revealed a significant association between root-filled teeth and recurrent caries.
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| 25. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-economic risk indicators for apical periodontitis.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 64:2, s. 123-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to reveal possible socio-economic risk indicators for apical periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 1992-93 a representative sample of women in Göteborg, Sweden, aged 38-84 years, participated in a medical and dental survey (n=981) which included dental and medical examinations and dental radiographic examination (OP). The dependent variable was apical periodontitis (AP=0, AP>0). The independent variables were age, number of teeth, number of restored teeth, number of root-filled teeth, number of teeth with carious lesions, satisfactory masticatory function, and dental esthetics as crude measures of self-reported dental health, dental anxiety, time elapsed since last visit to a dental office, regular dental visiting habits, smoking, alcohol habits, and marital status. A subjective evaluation of economy, health and life situation (acceptable or poor) was accounted for as socio-economic variables. The oldest age group, women born 1908, and edentulous individuals were omitted, leaving 844 subjects for analysis. Statistical analysis included multivariate logistic regression, chi-squared test, and independent t-test for comparison of group characteristics (AP=0 vs AP>0). RESULTS: For socio-economic variables there was a significant association between acceptable health and apical periodontitis (OR=1.72 (CI=1.09-2.70)). For oral-related variables, root-filled teeth (OR=1.17 (CI=1.10-1.23)) and teeth with carious lesions (OR=1.48 (CI=1.19-1.85)) were predictive of apical periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, socio-economic variables and dental visiting habits did not appear to have obvious implications for periapical health, whereas root-filled teeth and carious lesions were associated with apical periodontitis.
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| 26. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Technical quality of root fillings and periapical status in root filled teeth in Jönköping, Sweden.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 1365-2591 .- 0143-2885. ; 41:11, s. 958-68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To study changes in technical quality of root fillings and periapical status in root filled teeth in random samples of 20 to 70 year-olds between 1973 and 2003. METHODOLOGY: Data from dentate subjects aged 20-70 years from examinations conducted in 1973 (n = 498), 1983 (n = 530), 1993 (n = 547) and 2003 (n = 491) were used for the analysis. Length of root fillings were measured on radiographs to the nearest 0.1 mm. Adequate seal was defined as a root filling without lateral and/or apical voids. Periapical status was assessed according to the periapical index. All observations were made by one calibrated observer registered from full mouth radiographic examinations. Teeth with root fillings ending within the canal without lateral or apical voids were considered adequate. The association between root filling quality and periapical status was analysed by means of the Chi-squared test and a multilevel logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Adequately root filled teeth had a significantly lower frequency of apical periodontitis than inadequately root filled teeth (11.8% vs. 22.8%). The frequency of technically adequate root fillings increased statistically significant from 1973 (23.7%) to 2003 (36.4%) without a concomitant improvement of the periapical status in root filled teeth over time (24.5% vs. 24.6%). CONCLUSIONS: This study reports on an improving technical quality of root fillings over time, without a concomitant improvement of the periapical status in root filled teeth. A larger proportion of treated molars over time may be of importance for the result.
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| 27. |
- Frisk, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Soft space regional planning as an approach for integrated transport and land use planning in Sweden – challenges and ways forward
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Urban, Planning and Transport Research: An Open Access Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2165-0020. ; 4:1, s. 64-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current mobility patterns mean that many trips cross one or several municipal borders. This emphasises the need to integrate land-use and transport planning at regional functional scales. However, the Swedish planning system is characterised by a ‘municipal planning monopoly’, where local governments control the formal planning instruments. The lack of formal means for regional-level planning has sparked initiatives that can be characterised as soft spaces in planning. The paper analyses how soft space planning as spatial strategy making at regional level is influencing local-level planning. The analysis covers 10 municipalities in the Swedish Region of Skåne. The results illustrate that the dialogue-based process has established a broad consensus on the need to consider the regional scale in municipal planning. However, the results also show that the impact on planning is limited since the consensus-based process resulted in strategic objectives with limited influence on prevailing planning practices. Findings also illustrate that key concepts for operationalising the strategies – including densification and public transport accessibility – were defined and used differently in different municipalities. Consequently, a more stringent use, and stricter definitions, of core concepts could be a way to strengthen the capacity of soft space regional planning.
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| 28. |
- Frisk, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Oxygen in pilot-scale gas atomised powders - Study of oxygen uptake and oxide characterisation
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Euro International Powder Metallurgy Congress and Exhibition, Euro PM 2011. - : European Powder Metallurgy Association (EPMA). - 9781899072200
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Properties of steel are detrimentally affected by oxygen and the content should be minimised. The effect of oxygen on steel properties depends on the type of steel, on the amount of dissolved oxygen and on the type and size of oxides, and on microstructure. In steel produced from powder, surface oxides on the powder grains, dissolved oxygen as well as oxide inclusions originating from the melt contribute to the total oxygen content. It is therefore interesting to investigate under what conditions oxygen uptake takes place, and how oxides are formed and can be characterised. A lab scale atomizer with a maximum charge weight of approximately 10 kg has been used. Powder atomisations have been performed, using an oxysensor to monitor the oxygen levels at different positions in the atomisation equipment, and melt samples have been extracted. Oxygen in the powder is characterised using Photo Acoustic Spectroscopy (PAS), by analysing oxygen contents in powder and in compacted samples, and by microstructure investigations.
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| 29. |
- Gustafsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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On Threshold Optimization in Fault Tolerant Systems
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 17th IFAC World Congress. ; , s. 7883-7888
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fault tolerant systems are considered, where a nominal system is monitored by a fault detection algorithm, and the nominal system is switched to a backup system in case of a detected fault. Conventional fault detection is in the classical setting a trade-off between detection probability and false alarm probability. For the considered fault tolerant system, a system failure occurs either when the nominal system gets a fault that is not detected, or when the fault detector signals an alarm and the backup system breaks down. This means that the trade-off for threshold setting is different and depends on the overall conditions, and the characterization and understanding of this trade-off is important. It is shown that the probability of system failure can be expressed in a general form based on the probability of false alarm and detection power, and based on this form the influence ratio is introduced. This ratio includes all information about the supervised system and the backup system that is needed for the threshold optimization problem. It is shown that the influence ratio has a geometrical interpretation as the gradient of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve at the optimal point, and furthermore, it is the threshold for the optimal test quantity in important cases.
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| 30. |
- Heintz, Fredrik, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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FlexDx: A Reconfigurable Diagnosis Framework
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th International Workshop on Principles of Diagnosis (DX).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detecting and isolating multiple faults is a computationally intense task which typically consists of computing a set of tests, and then computing the diagnoses based on the test results. This paper describes FlexDx, a reconfigurable diagnosis framework which reduces the computational burden by only running the tests that are currently needed. The method selects tests such that the isolation performance of the diagnostic system is maintained. Special attention is given to the practical issues introduced by a reconfigurable diagnosis framework such as FlexDx. For example, tests are added and removed dynamically, tests are partially performed on historic data, and synchronous and asynchronous processing are combined. To handle these issues FlexDx uses DyKnow, a stream-based knowledge processing middleware framework. The approach is exemplified on a relatively small dynamical system, which still illustrates the computational gain with the proposed approach.
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| 31. |
- Johansson, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Frequency of apical periodontitis in root-filled teeth restored with post and core : A 5-year retrospective study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Dental Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2057-4347. ; 10:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In conjunction with post placement in root-filled teeth with periapical healthy conditions, root canal retreatment may be performed to improve the seal of the root canal. Whether root canal retreatment for technical reasons (retreatments in teeth without apical periodontitis (AP)) results in lower frequency of AP is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To examine whether there is a difference in frequency of AP between roots with root canals retreated for technical reasons, and roots with root canals not retreated before post placement, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Also, to examine changes in root filling quality following root canal retreatment for technical reasons.METHODS: This retrospective study included radiographs of 441 root-filled roots without periapical radiolucencies at baseline, scheduled for post and core treatment. Follow-up data for a minimum of 5 years were available for 305 roots (loss to follow-up 30.8%), 46 of which were retreated for technical reasons. Two calibrated observers assessed root filling sealing quality and length, respectively, and periapical status according to the Periapical Index. The main outcome of the study, AP, was used as the dependent variable and all analyses were performed at root level.RESULTS: The overall frequency of AP at follow-up was 13.8%. The difference in frequency of AP between retreated (4.3%) and nonretreated (15.4%) root canals was not statistically significant, p = .061. Analyses including only roots with preoperatively inadequate root filling quality showed a statistically significant difference (p = .017) between the two treatment groups (2.4% vs. 22.9%).CONCLUSIONS: Root canal retreatment for technical reasons before post and core placement significantly reduces the frequency of AP in roots with inadequate root filling quality.
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| 32. |
- Kianirad, Hoda, et al.
(författare)
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Contact poling of Rb:KTiOPO4 using a micro-structured silicon electrode
- 2015
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 23:2, s. 636-641
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A contact poling technique for domain engineering of ferroelectrics using a micro-structured silicon electrode is demonstrated on Rb:KTiOPO4. High quality QPM gratings were reproducibly fabricated. The silicon electrode is reusable and the technique potentially suitable when complex structures with sub-mu m features are to be domain engineered, which otherwise is incompatible with conventional photolithography. A non-negligible domain broadening was seen and attributed to a low nucleation rate using this type of electrode. However, under the appropriate poling conditions, this could be exploited to obtain a QPM grating with a short pitch (2 mu m), equal to half of the electrode period.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Kianirad, Hoda, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Contact poling of RKTP with silicon pillars
- 2013
-
Ingår i: 2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and International Quantum Electronics Conference, CLEO/Europe-IQEC 2013. - : IEEE Computer Society. ; , s. 6800873-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quasi-phase-matching (QPM) is a method to get tailored efficient second order nonlinear interactions [1]. Several techniques exist for fabrication of periodic domain structures in ferroelectric crystals for QPM frequency conversion. By far, electric field poling using lithographically patterned electrodes on the z-face of the crystal is the most common one [2]. High-quality periodically inverted ferroelectric domain structures in flux grown KTiOP 4 (KTP) crystals were fabricated already in the late 90's using this technique [3], and recently periodic domain sizes of few hundred nanometers were fabricated in 1 mm thick samples thanks to the quasi-one dimensional structure of KTP. It has recently also been shown that a slight Rb doping of the KTP crystal (RKTP) facilitates the periodic poling [4]. However, fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) domain structures in RKTP has not yet been investigated. A disadvantage with the lithographic patterning is that each sample needs to be patterned individually, which is tedious and time consuming. Moreover, when it comes to the small domain features, which are required by the next generation of nonlinear optical devices, a more versatile poling technique has to be developed due to the limitations of conventional photolithography. Structured silicon has been investigated as an alternative electrode for formation of 1D domains by contact poling in LiNb3 [5]. However, these electrodes were fabricated by wet etching and the sample thickness was limited to ∼200 μm.
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| 35. |
- Klonowska, Kamilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Engaging Students Through Innovation in Computer Science Education
- 2024
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This contribution addresses how the innovation activities have been implemented in two bachelor programmes in computer science at Kristianstad University in Sweden. The goal of the innovation activities is to equip students with essential skills and abilities like developing technical and analytical skills, communication, collaboration, problem-solving, critical thinking, and creativity to prepare them in their professional role, to actively contribute to their workplace and work to identify and find innovative solutions to societal challenges. To achieve this goal, the programmes provide project-based learning to enhance the learning experience for students and, additionally, include the events like Imagine or Hackathon, where students work in teams to develop innovative solutions to complex problems. Imagine event provides an opportunity for students to showcase their skills and creativity and receive feedback from experts in the field. It is offered at Kristianstad University several times a year with different focus areas linked to the University's profile area of environment, health and water, which for computer science students give a chance to work interdisciplinary. Hackathon event is provided by older students and the goal is to challenge and encourage younger students in programming. By providing students with practical experiences and exposure to modern technologies and teaching methodologies, the programme prepares them to navigate the ever-changing demands of the workforce. The incorporation of team-based learning and events enhances students' collaboration and creativity, providing them with the skills (effective communication, leadership, project management) they need to succeed in the modern workplace.
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| 36. |
- Klonowska, Kamilla, et al.
(författare)
-
The win-win of synchronizing last semester’s Computer Engineering courses
- 2021
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This contribution addresses how two parallel courses during the last semester, where one is a final course for degree projects, have been synchronized. This is to give students a greater chance to complete the courses on time, and at the same time create a greater understanding of complicated problems.The three-year Computer Engineering program at Kristianstad University, Sweden, has for several years suffered from difficulties during the third semester of the third year, where students most often tend to miss significant deadlines. This semester, which is the students' last, comprises a final degree project of 15 credits, which corresponds to half the work effort during the semester. Different approaches have been tested to give students the best possible conditions to complete the degree project on time. On the one hand, the degree project has been full-time during the latter part of the semester, with the first half consisting of other courses. On the other hand, the degree project has run in parallel with other courses throughout the semester. However, both approaches have resulted in situations where the students in many cases do not complete the degree project, and that other courses during the semester have also suffered.A revision of the Computer Engineering program was made three years ago. The difficulties with the last semester have then also been considered. An effort has been made to develop synchronization opportunities between the courses during this semester. A new course, Systems Engineering, of 15 credits throughout the semester, has been developed, where the content of the course, as well as levels of learning objectives and examination forms have been considered to suit the parallel ongoing course for the degree project. Students have been offered opportunities to develop and analyze advanced systems where the course System Engineering has been based on the implementation of technical constructions, while the course for degree projects has been based on more theoretical and exploratory perspectives.The students design the systems with both hardware and software. At the same time as they conduct literature studies, and investigate suitable analysis methods. Examples of systems include:- Drones. Processors for these, as well as software to give these flying properties, are developed. Technical measurements are made, for analysis and evaluations. Measurements made are based, e.g., on the placement of sensors, and performance on technical protocols.- Body Sensor Networks. Here, too, both hardware and software are designed to put the system into operation, and technical measurements are made to study at the usability of the system.Synchronizing the courses has generally given good results, where the opportunity to complete the courses has increased drastically. A survey of the students' experiences has been made, and this has shown high satisfaction.The program is clearly CDIO-oriented, which is also expressed in the education plan. The perception is that the synchronization of courses described in this contribution, and the effects of this, further increase the fundamental values pointed out by the CDIO.
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| 37. |
- Klonowska, Kamilla, et al.
(författare)
-
The win-win of synchronizing last semester’s Computer Engineering courses
- 2021
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This contribution addresses how two parallel courses during the last semester, where one is a final course for degree projects, have been synchronized. This is to give students a greater chance to complete the courses on time, and at the same time create a greater understanding of complicated problems. The three-year Computer Engineering program at Kristianstad University, Sweden, has for several years suffered from difficulties during the third semester of the third year, where students most often tend to miss significant deadlines. This semester, which is the students' last, comprises a final degree project of 15 credits, which corresponds to half the work effort during the semester. Different approaches have been tested to give students the best possible conditions to complete the degree project on time. On the one hand, the degree project has been full-time during the latter part of the semester, with the first half consisting of other courses. On the other hand, the degree project has run in parallel with other courses throughout the semester. However, both approaches have resulted in situations where the students in many cases do not complete the degree project, and that other courses during the semester have also suffered. A revision of the Computer Engineering program was made three years ago. The difficulties with the last semester have then also been considered. An effort has been made to develop synchronization opportunities between the courses during this semester. A new course, Systems Engineering, of 15 credits throughout the semester, has been developed, where the content of the course, as well as levels of learning objectives and examination forms have been considered to suit the parallel ongoing course for the degree project. Students have been offered opportunities to develop and analyze advanced systems where the course System Engineering has been based on the implementation of technical constructions, while the course for degree projects has been based on more theoretical and exploratory perspectives. The students design the systems with both hardware and software. At the same time as they conduct literature studies, and investigate suitable analysis methods. Examples of systems include: - Drones. Processors for these, as well as software to give these flying properties, are developed. Technical measurements are made, for analysis and evaluations. Measurements made are based, e.g., on the placement of sensors, and performance on technical protocols. - Body Sensor Networks. Here, too, both hardware and software are designed to put the system into operation, and technical measurements are made to study at the usability of the system. Synchronizing the courses has generally given good results, where the opportunity to complete the courses has increased drastically. A survey of the students' experiences has been made, and this has shown high satisfaction. The program is clearly CDIO-oriented, which is also expressed in the education plan. The perception is that the synchronization of courses described in this contribution, and the effects of this, further increase the fundamental values pointed out by the CDIO.
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| 38. |
- Krysander, Mattias, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Dynamic Test Selection for Reconfigurable Diagnosis
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. - : IEEE. - 9781424431243 - 9781424431236 ; , s. 1066-1072
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detecting and isolating multiple faults is a computationally intense task which typically consists of computing a set of tests, and then computing the diagnoses based on the test results. This paper proposes a method to reduce the computational burden by only running the tests that are currently needed, and dynamically starting new tests when the need changes. A main contribution is a method to select tests such that the computational burden is reduced while maintaining the isolation performance of the diagnostic system. Key components in the approach are the test selection algorithm, the test initialization procedures, and a knowledge processing framework that supports the functionality needed. The approach is exemplified on a relatively small dynamical system, which still illustrates the complexity and possible computational gain with the proposed approach.
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| 39. |
- Krysander, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
FlexDx : A Reconfigurable Diagnosis Framework
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Engineering applications of artificial intelligence. - : Elsevier. - 0952-1976 .- 1873-6769. ; 23:8, s. 1303-1313
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detecting and isolating multiple faults is a computationally expensive task. It typically consists of computing a set of tests and then computing the diagnoses based on the test results. This paper describes FlexDx, a reconfigurable diagnosis framework which reduces the computational burden while retaining the isolation performance by only running a subset of all tests that is sufficient to find new conflicts. Tests in FlexDx are thresholded residuals used to indicate conflicts in the monitored system. Special attention is given to the issues introduced by a reconfigurable diagnosis framework. For example, tests are added and removed dynamically, tests are partially performed on historic data, and synchronous and asynchronous processing are combined. To handle these issues FlexDx has been implemented using DyKnow, a stream-based knowledge processing middleware framework. Concrete methods for each component in the FlexDx framework are presented. The complete approach is exemplified on a dynamic system which clearly illustrates the complexity of the problem and the computational gain of the proposed approach.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Landt, Kristoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Demographic factors in Swedish adults undergoing root filling and subsequent extraction of a maxillary first molar: a comparative study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 51:9, s. 975-980
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo study the demographics of Swedish adults who had received a root filling, followed by extraction during the following 5-6years in comparison with subjects who had undergone a corresponding root filling with an uneventful outcome. MethodologyThe root filled maxillary first molar was chosen as the comparison model. The Swedish Social Insurance Agency provided data on all teeth reported as root filled in Sweden during 2009. A comparison group, equally large as the study group, was constructed by randomly selecting subjects with root filled maxillary first molars, which had not subsequently been extracted, that is, an uneventful outcome. Demographic data on the subjects were obtained from Statistics Sweden: country of birth, disposable income, educational level, age, civil status and gender. Chi-square, t-tests and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. ResultsIn the year 2009, 36139 maxillary first molar teeth were reported to have been root filled, 4362 (12.1%) of which were then recorded as extracted during the following 5-6year period. Only minor intergroup differences were noted: 86.5% of the studygroup were Swedish-born, compared with 84.4% of the comparison group (P=0.007). Women comprised 53.2% of the study group and 50.5% (P=0.01) of the comparison group. There was an association between extractions and gender as well as age; men had a lower odds ratio (OR) for extraction OR, 0.87; confidence interval (CI), 0.80-0.95. For every additional year, the chance for extraction was higher OR, 1.01; CI, 1.01-1.01. No other significant differences were detected. ConclusionsThere was only little or no demographic differences between the study group, comprising Swedish adults who had undergone root filling of one of their maxillary first molars in 2009 and subsequent extraction during the following 5-6years, and the comparison group, with uneventful outcomes after a corresponding root filling.
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| 42. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
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| 43. |
- Larsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Record 1.0 V open-circuit voltage in wide band gap chalcopyrite solar cells
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Progress in Photovoltaics. - : Wiley. - 1062-7995 .- 1099-159X. ; 25, s. 755-763
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tandem solar cell structures require a high‐performance wide band gap absorber as top cell. Apossible candidate is CuGaSe2, with a fundamental band gap of 1.7 eV. However, a significantopen‐circuit voltage deficit is often reported for wide band gap chalcopyrite solar cells likeCuGaSe2. In this paper, we show that the open‐circuit voltage can be drastically improved in wideband gap p‐Cu(In,Ga)Se2and p‐CuGaSe2devices by improving the conduction band alignment tothe n‐type buffer layer. This is accomplished by using Zn1−xSnxOy, grown by atomic layer deposi-tion, as a buffer layer. In this case, the conduction band level can be adapted to an almost perfectfit to the wide band gap Cu(In,Ga)Se2and CuGaSe2materials. With an improved buffer bandalignment for CuGaSe2absorbers, evaporated in a 3‐stage type process, we show devicesexhibiting open‐circuit voltages up to 1017 mV, and efficiencies up to 11.9%. This is to the bestof our knowledge the highest reported open‐circuit voltage and efficiency for a CuGaSe2device.Temperature‐dependent current‐voltage measurements show that the high open‐circuit voltageis explained by reduced interface recombination, which makes it possible to separate theinfluence of absorber quality from interface recombination in future studies.
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| 44. |
- Lindfors, Ninita, et al.
(författare)
-
Is cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) an alternative to plain radiography in assessments of dental disease? A study of method agreement in a medically compromised patient population
- 2024
-
Ingår i: CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS. - : Springer. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 28:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesPoor oral health and dental infections can jeopardize medical treatment and be life-threatening. Due to this, patients with head and neck malignancies, generalized tumor spread, organ transplant, or severe infection are referred for a clinical oral and radiographic examination. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic agreement of three radiographic modalities: intraoral radiographs (IO), panoramic radiographs (PX), and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for diagnosis of dental diseases.Materials and methodsThree hundred patients were examined with IO, PX, and CBCT. Periapical lesions, marginal bone level, and caries lesions were diagnosed separately by four oral radiologists. All observers also assessed six teeth in 30 randomly selected patients at two different occasions. Kappa values and percent agreement were calculated.ResultsThe highest Kappa value and percent agreement were for diagnosing periapical lesions (0.76, 97.7%), and for the assessment of marginal bone level, it varied between 0.58 and 0.60 (87.8-89.3%). In CBCT, only 44.4% of all teeth were assessable for caries (Kappa 0.68, 93.4%). The intra-observer agreement, for all modalities and diagnoses, showed Kappa values between 0.5 and 0.93 and inter-observer agreement varied from 0.51 to 0.87.ConclusionsCBCT was an alternative to IO in diagnosing periapical lesions. Both modalities found the same healthy teeth in 93.8%. All modalities were performed equally regarding marginal bone level. In caries diagnosis, artifacts were the major cause of fallout for CBCT.Clinical relevanceIntraoral radiography is the first-hand choice for diagnosing dental disease. For some rare cases where intraoral imaging is not possible, a dedicated panoramic image and/or CBCT examination is an alternative.
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| 45. |
- Lundin Frisk, Emrik, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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The geosystem services concept – What is it and can it support subsurface planning?
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Ecosystem Services. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-0416. ; 58
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The subsurface is a multifunctional natural resource. However, a mindset of “out of sight, out of mind” and a first-come-first-served principle are prevalent when accessing these resources, compromising fair intergenerational and intragenerational distribution and sustainable development. As with the ecosystem services (ES) concept, which acknowledges the contribution of the living part of nature to human well-being, the concept of geosystem services (GS) has been suggested as a way to highlight abiotic services and services provided by the subsurface. The overall aim of this study was to review current definitions of GS and their categorisation, and to suggest how the concept of GS can support subsurface planning. A systematic literature review on GS was carried out following the PRISMA protocol drawing from the Scopus database. The emerging picture from the reviewed articles is that the GS concept is both one of novelty and one currently showing inconsistency, with two prominent definitions: A) GS are abiotic services that are the direct result of the planet's geodiversity, independent of the interactions with biotic nature – there is no differentiation between suprasurface and subsurface features, and B) GS provide benefits specifically resulting from the subsurface. Thirty-one out of thirty-nine GS listed in the reviewed literature are included in the abiotic extension of the common ES framework CICES v5.1, but some essential services are omitted. A unified definition of GS is desirable to build a common framework for classifying and describing GS, potentially following the CICES structure for ES. Such a framework can support systematic inclusion of GS in planning processes and contribute to improved subsurface planning. In planning practice, there are examples of important GS that are already included under the ES umbrella because planners are aware of their importance but a comprehensive framework to handle these services is lacking.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Mejare, I. A., et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of the condition of the dental pulp: a systematic review
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 45:7, s. 597-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mejare IA, Axelsson S, Davidson T, Frisk F, Hakeberg M, Kvist T, Norlund A, Petersson A, Portenier I, Sandberg H, Tran ae us S, Bergenholtz G. Diagnosis of the condition of the dental pulp: a systematic review. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 597613, 2012. Abstract The aim of this systematic review was to appraise the diagnostic accuracy of signs/symptoms and tests used to determine the condition of the pulp in teeth affected by deep caries, trauma or other types of injury. Radiographic methods were not included. The electronic literature search included the databases PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Reviews from January 1950 to June 2011. The complete search strategy is given in an Appendix S1 (available online as Supporting Information). In addition, hand searches were made. Two reviewers independently assessed abstracts and full-text articles. An article was read in full text if at least one of the two reviewers considered an abstract to be potentially relevant. Altogether, 155 articles were read in full text. Of these, 18 studies fulfilled pre-specified inclusion criteria. The quality of included articles was assessed using the QUADAS tool. Based on studies of high or moderate quality, the quality of evidence of each diagnostic method/test was rated in four levels according to GRADE. No study reached high quality; two were of moderate quality. The overall evidence was insufficient to assess the value of toothache or abnormal reaction to heat/cold stimulation for determining the pulp condition. The same applies to methods for establishing pulp status, including electric or thermal pulp testing, or methods for measuring pulpal blood circulation. In general, there are major shortcomings in the design, conduct and reporting of studies in this domain of dental research.
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| 48. |
- Mengistu, Dawit, et al.
(författare)
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Edge machine learning for energy efficiency of resource constrained IoT devices
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The recent shift in machine learning towards the edge offers a new opportunity to realize intelligent applications on resource constrained Internet of Things (IoT) hardware. This paper presents a pre-trained Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model optimized for an IoT device running on 8-bit microcontrollers. The device is used for data acquisition in a research on the impact of prolonged sedentary work on health. Our prediction model facilitates smart data transfer operations to reduce the energy consumption of the device. Application specific optimizations were applied to deploy and execute the pre-trained model on a device which has only 8 KB RAM size. Experiments show that the resulting edge intelligence can reduce the communication cost significantly, achieving subs-tantial saving in energy used by the IoT device.
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| 49. |
- Mengistu, Dawit, et al.
(författare)
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Edge machine learning for energy efficiency of resource constrained IoT devices
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent shift in machine learning towards the edge offers a new opportunity to realize intelligent applications on resource constrained Internet of Things (IoT) hardware. This paper presents a pre-trained Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model optimized for an IoT device running on 8-bit microcontrollers. The device is used for data acquisition in a research on the impact of prolonged sedentary work on health. Our prediction model facilitates smart data transfer operations to reduce the energy consumption of the device. Application specific optimizations were applied to deploy and execute the pre-trained model on a device which has only 8 KB RAM size. Experiments show that the resulting edge intelligence can reduce the communication cost significantly, achieving subs-tantial saving in energy used by the IoT device.
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| 50. |
- Mota De Almeida, Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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Periradicular surgery: A longitudinal registry study of 10-year outcomes and factors predictive of post-surgical extraction
- 2023
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 56:10, s. 1212-1221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThis historical prospective cohort study of the adult population of Sweden is based on data from a national registry: the primary aim was to evaluate the long-term survival of teeth after periradicular surgery. A secondary aim was to identify factors predictive of extraction within 10 years of registration of periradicular surgery. MethodologyThe cohort consisted of all individuals who had undergone periradicular surgery to treat apical periodontitis, as reported to the Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) in 2009. The cohort was followed until 31 December 2020. Subsequent registrations of extractions were collected for Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and survival tables. The patients' sex, age, dental service provider and tooth group were also retrieved from SSIA. Only one tooth per individual was included in the analyses. Multivariable regression analysis was used and p < .05 was considered statistically significant. The reporting guidelines STROBE and PROBE were followed. ResultsAfter data cleaning, and exclusion of 157 teeth, 5622 teeth/individuals remained for analysis. The mean age of the individuals at the time of the periradicular surgery was 60.5 years (range 20-97, standard deviation 13.31); 55% were women. At the end of the follow-up, that is, up to 12 years, a total of 34.1% of the teeth had been reported as extracted. The multivariate logistic regression analysis, based on follow-up data at 10 years after registration of the periradicular surgery, included 5548 teeth, of which 1461 (26.3%) had been extracted. Significant associations between the independent variables tooth group and dental care setting (both p < .001) and the dependent variable extraction were found. The highest odds ratio (OR) for extraction applied to tooth group: compared to maxillary incisors and canines, mandibular molars were at greatest risk of extraction (OR 2.429, confidence interval 1.975-2.987, p < .001). ConclusionsAfter periradicular surgery in predominantly elderly people in Sweden, approximately three-quarters of the teeth are retained over a 10-year period. The type of tooth is associated with extraction: mandibular molars are at greater risk of extraction than maxillary incisors and canines.
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