| 1. |
- Hedegaard, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive Transcriptional Analysis of Early-Stage Urothelial Carcinoma
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cancer Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1535-6108 .- 1878-3686. ; 30:1, s. 27-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a heterogeneous disease with widely different outcomes. We performed a comprehensive transcriptional analysis of 460 early-stage urothelial carcinomas and showed that NMIBC can be subgrouped into three major classes with basal-and luminal-like characteristics and different clinical outcomes. Large differences in biological processes such as the cell cycle, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and differentiation were observed. Analysis of transcript variants revealed frequent mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in chromatin organization and cytoskeletal functions. Furthermore, mutations in well-known cancer driver genes (e.g., TP53 and ERBB2) were primarily found in high-risk tumors, together with APOBEC-related mutational signatures. The identification of subclasses in NMIBC may offer better prognostication and treatment selection based on subclass assignment.
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| 2. |
- Fristrup, Niels, et al.
(författare)
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Cathepsin E, Maspin, Plk1, and Survivin Are Promising Prognostic Protein Markers for Progression in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: American Journal of Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9440 .- 1525-2191. ; 180:5, s. 1824-1834
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bladder cancer is a common cancer with particularly high recurrence after transurethral resection. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of the protein expression of cathepsin E, maspin, polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), and survivin in patients with stage Ta and T1 urothelial carcinomas. Transcripts from the four genes encoding these proteins were previously included in gene expression signatures for outcome prediction for Ta/T1 bladder cancer. We used three different tissue microarrays with 693 non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinomas from Danish, Swedish, and Spanish patient cohorts with long-term follow-up. Protein expression was measured by immunohistochemistry, and antibody specificity was validated by Western blotting. In the Danish patient cohort, we found the expression of cathepsin E, maspin, Plk1, and survivin to be significantly associated with progression to stage T2 to T4 bladder cancer (for each marker: log-rank test; P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified cathepsin E (P < 0.001), Plk1 (P = 0.021), maspin (P = 0.001), and survivin (P = 0.001) as independent prognostic markers. Furthermore, maspin, survivin, and cathepsin E expression significantly subgrouped patients already stratified by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer risk scores. Finally, we successfully validated the results in tumors from 410 patients from both Sweden and Spain. We conclude that all four protein markers may have prognostic value in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer for guiding optimal treatment of patients. Additional prospective studies are needed for further validation of the clinical relevance of this marker panel.
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| 3. |
- Fristrup, Niels, et al.
(författare)
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Multicenter Validation of Cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C as Prognostic Protein Markers in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: American Journal of Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9440 .- 1525-2191. ; 182:2, s. 339-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transcripts from the four genes encoding cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C have previously been included in gene expression signatures for outcome prediction in stage Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas. We investigated the prognostic value of the protein expressions in Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas patients. We used four different tissue microarrays (TMAs) with a total of 859 Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas from Danish, Swedish, Spanish, and Taiwanese patient cohorts with long-term follow-up. Protein expression was measured by IHC, and antibody specificity was validated by Western blotting. We found the expression of cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C to be significantly associated with progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer (log-rank test; P < 0.001) in the Danish training cohort (n = 283). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified cyclin D1 (P = 0.003), TRIM29 (P = 0.001), and UBE2C (P < 0.001) as independent prognostic markers. The prognostic value of the four proteins was validated in a joint validation cohort from Sweden, Spain, and Taiwan (n = 576). Computer-assisted image analysis of the prognostic markers produced results comparable to those obtained by manual scoring. Finally, a four-protein maximum-likelihood classifier was trained on the Danish training cohort and applied to the validation cohort. The four protein markers may help optimize treatment of patients with Ta/T1 bladder cancer. Additional prospective studies are needed for further validation of their clinical relevance.
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| 4. |
- Iisager, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Multicenter randomized trial of deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy in synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving checkpoint inhibitors : the NORDIC-SUN-Trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2407. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Primary tumor removal by cytoreductive nephrectomy in synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients has been investigated in the context of various treatment regimens. Two randomized controlled trials investigated the role and timing of cytoreductive nephrectomy in the era of targeted therapy and demonstrated that upfront nephrectomy should no longer be performed when patients require systemic therapy. Superiority of checkpoint immunotherapy agents has led to a paradigm change from targeted therapies to immunotherapy-based first-line treatment in patients with primary metastatic disease; thus, deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy needs to be verified in the immunotherapy setting. Furthermore, a need exists for personalizing treatment choices for the individual patient to avoid unnecessary overtreatment.Methods/design: To explore the impact of cytoreductive nephrectomy in this patient group receiving checkpoint immunotherapy, we initiated a randomized, controlled trial comparing deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy with no surgery. The trial integrates a comprehensive translational research program with specimen sampling for biomarker analysis.Discussion: The trial aims to show that deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy improves overall survival in patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and furthermore, to identify relevant biomarkers for personalized renal cancer management.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03977571 June 6, 2019.
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| 5. |
- Runarsson, Ögmundur, et al.
(författare)
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Resolution and Determination of the Absolute Configuration of a Twisted Bis-Lactam Analogue of Tröger's Base: A Comparative Spectroscopic and Computational Study.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6904 .- 0022-3263. ; 80:16, s. 8142-8149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first reported twisted bis-lactam, a racemic Tröger's base (TB) analogue (2), was resolved into its enantiomers on a chiral stationary phase HPLC column. The absolute configuration of (+)-2 was determined to be (R,R)-2 by comparing experimental and calculated vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The absolute configuration of (-)-2 was determined by comparing experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The corresponding theoretical spectra were calculated using the lowest energy conformation of (R,R)-2 and (S,S)-2 at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. The absolute configuration of (+)-2 was also determined to (R,R)-2 by anomalous X-ray diffraction (AXRD) in a chiral space group P212121 using Cu-irradiation resulting in a very low Flack parameter of -0.06(3), despite the heaviest element being an oxygen atom, thus unambiguously confirming the results from the spectroscopic studies. We conclude that, for the Tröger's base (TB) analogue (2), we may rank the reliability of the individual methods for AC determination as AXRD ≫ VCD > ECD, while the synergy of all three methods provides very strong confidence in the assigned ACs of (+)-(R,R)-2 and (-)-(S,S)-2.
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| 6. |
- Wixe, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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A short designed semi-aromatic organic nanotube - synthesis, chiroptical characterization, and host properties.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-0539. ; 12:44, s. 8930-8941
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first generation of an organic nanotube based on the enantiomerically pure bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane framework is presented. The helical tube synthesised is the longest to date having its aromatic systems oriented parallel to the axis of propagation (length ∼26 Å and inner diameter ∼11 Å according to molecular dynamics simulations in chloroform). The synthesis of the tube, a heptamer, is based on a series of Friedländer condensations and the use of pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine units as masked 2-amino aldehydes, as a general means to propagate organic tubular structures and the introduction of a methoxy group for modification toward solubility and functionalization are described. The electronic CD spectra of the tube and molecular intermediates are correlated with theoretical spectra calculated with time-dependent density functional theory to characterize the chirality of the tube. Both experimental (NMR-titrations) and theoretical (molecular dynamics simulations) techniques are used to investigate the use of the tube as a receptor for the acetylcholine and guanidinium cations, respectively.
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