| 1. |
- Fasth, Åsa, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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RELATIONS BETWEEN PARAMETERS/PERFORMERS AND LEVELS OF AUTOMATION
- 2007
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Ingår i: IFAC workshop on manufacturing modeling, management and control, 14-16 November , Budapest, Hungary. ; , s. 6-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Manufacturing companies struggles with the fact that costumers are becomingmore and more aggressive in demanding new products and services within a short periodof time. A result of this is that companies have to find the most effective manufacturingfor their products. This means finding new tactics to decrease the time- and costparametersin a system i.e. cycle-time, ramp-up time, investments etc. It is a challenge tofind the best solution for this when it comes to flexibility, robustness and efficiency. Thispaper presents some of the parameters that exist in a manufacturing system and therelationship between them. This is done to be able to identify the parameters that is themost important when it comes to simulate and visualise different Levels of Automation(LoA).
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Frohm, Jörgen, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Levels of automation in manufacturing
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ergonomia - an International journal of ergonomics and human factors. - 0137-4990. ; 30:3, s. 29-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to increase the general understanding of task allocation in semi-automated systems and to provide a systematic approach for changing the level of automation. The paper presents a literature review of definitions and taxonomies for levels of automation (LoA) across multiple scientific and industrial domains. A synthesizing concept is suggested, including a LoA definition and taxonomy aimed for application in the manufacturing domain. Results suggest that the level of automation should be divided into two separate variables, i.e. physical/mechanical LoA and cognitive/information-related LoA. Further, the idea is that LoA in a manufacturing context can be described and assessed using seven-step reference scales for both physical and cognitive LoA.
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| 4. |
- Frohm, Jörgen, 1972
(författare)
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Levels of Automation in Production Systems
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although automation is often seen as an efficient way to achieve cost-efficient production and to relieve humans from heavy or dangerous tasks, it also has its drawbacks. Earlier research has shown that increasing levels of automation in unforeseen production situations can be related to production disturbances. The human operator that can handle those unforeseen situations does not always have the ability to interpret present and future production situations, based on available information from the production system.The aim of this thesis is to theoretical and practicable development of the concept of Levels of Automation (LoA) in production systems and to improve the distribution of functions and tasks between humans and automation. A systems approach was adopted and an abductive research approach chosen, since the underlying data are based on qualitative analysis of the literature and observations, as well as individual and consensus views of automation. The empirical studies were conducted as seven case studies in order to develop a LoA taxonomy and a LoA measurement methodology. An exploration of existing taxonomies of LoA was carried out by means of a literature review, and the Swedish industry’s views of automation were explored through a Delphi survey. Also, two reference scales for assessment for LoA was developed.The results of the research show that the level of information automation, from an industrial perspective, has primarily been seen in terms of an increase in the pace of information and providing decision support in order to help the human in understanding the situation. However, this research also demonstrates that, from a production perspective, it is important to recognise that many automated processes in production involve automation of physical tasks, which are for the most part controlled by computers.It is also concluded and verified that the two reference scales presented for levels of automation are applicable to production tasks and that the level of automation in production systems can be assessed, measured and analysed with the DYNAMO methodology.
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| 9. |
- Granell, Veronica, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the Dynamo Methodology for Measuring and Assessing Levels of Automation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Swedish Production Symposium.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of measuring Levels of Automation (LoA) is to find an appropriate level for balancing the system for achieving high effectiveness. Results from an interview study with manufacturing experts working in the Swedish industry showed that measurement of automation levels is not common, mainly because of unfulfilled prerequisites and barriers to be overcome. This paper forms a platform for fulfilling some of the expressed prerequisites and overcoming some of the barriers to measure and assess LoA in manufacturing value flows. The paper provides a deeperknowledge on how to measure and assess the automation used in an industrial setting.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Lindström, Veronica, et al.
(författare)
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Choosing Levels of Automation in Production Systems : Finding Critical and Supportive Factors
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th International EurOMA Conference on Operations and Global Competitiveness, Budapest, Hungary, June 19-22, 2005. ; , s. 1593-1601, s. 1593-1601
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Operation and strategic decision making becomes more complex and dynamic related to the performance of industrial companies. In this light, the choice of a suitable and right automation level becomes critical and is a non-trivial decision making process. The purpose of this paper is to present definitions of manufacturing strategy, operational flexibility and automation levels in manufacturing. Further, this paper discusses linkages between process technology life stages, manufacturing strategy and levels of automation. A framework presenting critical and supportive factors affected by the choice of level of automation both short and long term give the basics for designating responsibilities to different categories of manufacturing managers. The choice of automation levels can be seen from and should be considered within different dimensions: (1) process life cycle stage; (2) fit with manufacturing strategy; and (3) organizational level.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Ny Harlin, Ulrika, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Towards efficent automation implementation
- 2006
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Ingår i: 9th symposium IFAC on "Automated Systems Based on Human Skills and Knowledge" / edited by Frédérique Mayer.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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