| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bousquet, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) Phase 4 (2018) : Change management in allergic rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity using mobile technology
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 143:3, s. 864-879
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) has evolved from a guideline by using the best approach to integrated care pathways using mobile technology in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma multimorbidity. The proposed next phase of ARIA is change management, with the aim of providing an active and healthy life to patients with rhinitis and to those with asthma multimorbidity across the lifecycle irrespective of their sex or socioeconomic status to reduce health and social inequities incurred by the disease. ARIA has followed the 8-step model of Kotter to assess and implement the effect of rhinitis on asthma multimorbidity and to propose multimorbid guidelines. A second change management strategy is proposed by ARIA Phase 4 to increase self-medication and shared decision making in rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity. An innovation of ARIA has been the development and validation of information technology evidence-based tools (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network [MASK]) that can inform patient decisions on the basis of a self-care plan proposed by the health care professional.
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| 3. |
- Carine, Jaime, et al.
(författare)
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Post-Measurement Adjustment of the Coincidence Window in Quantum Optics Experiments
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 9, s. 94010-94016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on an electronic coincidence detection circuit for quantum photonic applications implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), which records each the time separation between detection events coming from single-photon detectors. We achieve a coincidence window as narrow as 500 ps with a series of optimizations on a readily-available and affordable FPGA development board. Our implementation allows real-time visualization of coincidence measurements for multiple coincidence window widths simultaneously. To demonstrate the advantage of our high-resolution visualization, we certified the generation of polarized entangled photons by collecting data from multiple coincidence windows with minimal accidental counts, obtaining a violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality by more than 338 standard deviations. Our results have shown the applicability of our electronic design in the field of quantum information.
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| 4. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 5. |
- Pañeda Murcia, Beatriz, et al.
(författare)
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Divine Onomastic Attributs in the Greco-Roman World : A New Proposal of Taxonomy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Calling upon Gods, Offering Bodies : Strategies of Human-Divine Communication in the Roman Empire from Individual Experience to Social Reproduction - Strategies of Human-Divine Communication in the Roman Empire from Individual Experience to Social Reproduction.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Abolfathi, Bela, et al.
(författare)
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The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey : First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
- 2018
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 235:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014-2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V.
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| 7. |
- Alarcon, Alvaro, et al.
(författare)
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All-in-Fiber Dynamically Reconfigurable Orbital Angular Momentum Mode Sorting
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Photonics. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2330-4022. ; 10:10, s. 3700-3707
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The orbital angular momentum (OAM) spatial degree of freedom of light has been widely explored in many applications, including telecommunications, quantum information, and light-based micromanipulation. The ability to separate and distinguish between the different transverse spatial modes is called mode sorting or mode demultiplexing, and it is essential to recover the encoded information in such applications. An ideal d mode sorter should be able to faithfully distinguish between the different d spatial modes, with minimal losses, and have d outputs and fast response times. All previous mode sorters rely on bulk optical elements, such as spatial light modulators, which cannot be quickly tuned and have additional losses if they are to be integrated with optical fiber systems. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate, to the best of our knowledge, the first all-in-fiber method for OAM mode sorting with ultrafast dynamic reconfigurability. Our scheme first decomposes the OAM mode in-fiber-optical linearly polarized (LP) modes and then interferometrically recombines them to determine the topological charge, thus correctly sorting the OAM mode. In addition, our setup can also be used to perform ultrafast routing of the OAM modes. These results show a novel and fiber-integrated form of optical spatial mode sorting that can be readily used for many new applications in classical and quantum information processing.
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| 8. |
- Andueza, Miren, et al.
(författare)
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Geographic variation in body mass of first-year Reed Warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus in Iberia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ornis Fennica. - 0030-5685. ; 91:2, s. 88-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On their route to tropical Africa, European trans-Saharan migrants must cross two major geographical barriers, the Mediterranean Sea and the Sahara Desert, which necessitates the accumulation of large fuel loads. While northern Africa is the chief region where most migrants gain fuel for the Sahara crossing, Iberia is a target area to gain fuel before the sea crossing existing between Europe and Africa. Despite the large body of studies approach- ing the question of fuel accumulation before geographic barriers, it is still poorly known which factors apart from distance to a certain barrier shape the geographical pattern of fuel reserves. To investigate this question in detail we used data of first-year Reed Warblers from 12 localities within Iberia during the autumn migration period of 2009. We run linear models to analyze the effects of location in Iberia, date, and body size on body mass variation at each migratory flyway (eastern, central and western Iberia). Flight ranges from each site were also calculated. Our results showed that Reed Warblers in Iberia had the necessary fuel needed to arrive in northern Africa but not to tropical Africa. However, body mass patterns varied depending on the geographical region (eastern, central or west- ern Iberia). Date did not affect body mass in central and western Iberia, but in eastern Ibe- ria heavier birds tended to pass later. Thus, the factors shaping body mass of Reed War- blers in Iberia before the sea crossing to Africa seemed to be more complex than just the distance to this geographical barrier, with underlying stopover quality-associated factors possibly playing a relevant role.
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| 9. |
- Berrier, Audrey, et al.
(författare)
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Selective detection of bacterial layers with terahertz plasmonic antennas
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biomedical Optics Express. - 2156-7085. ; 3:11, s. 2937-2949
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current detection and identification of micro-organisms is based on either rather unspecific rapid microscopy or on more accurate complex, time-consuming procedures. In a medical context, the determination of the bacteria Gram type is of significant interest. The diagnostic of microbial infection often requires the identification of the microbiological agent responsible for the infection, or at least the identification of its family (Gram type), in a matter of minutes. In this work, we propose to use terahertz frequency range antennas for the enhanced selective detection of bacteria types. Several microorganisms are investigated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy: a fast, contactless and damage-free investigation method to gain information on the presence and the nature of the microorganisms. We demonstrate that plasmonic antennas enhance the detection sensitivity for bacterial layers and allow the selective recognition of the Gram type of the bacteria.
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| 10. |
- Bhuyan, Rahul, 1998, et al.
(författare)
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The Rise and Current Status of Polaritonic Photochemistry and Photophysics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Reviews. - 0009-2665 .- 1520-6890. ; 123:18, s. 10877-10919
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction between molecular electronic transitions and electromagnetic fields can be enlarged to the point where distinct hybrid light-matter states, polaritons, emerge. The photonic contribution to these states results in increased complexity as well as an opening to modify the photophysics and photochemistry beyond what normally can be seen in organic molecules. It is today evident that polaritons offer opportunities for molecular photochemistry and photophysics, which has caused an ever-rising interest in the field. Focusing on the experimental landmarks, this review takes its reader from the advent of the field of polaritonic chemistry, over the split into polariton chemistry and photochemistry, to present day status within polaritonic photochemistry and photophysics. To introduce the field, the review starts with a general description of light-matter interactions, how to enhance these, and what characterizes the coupling strength. Then the photochemistry and photophysics of strongly coupled systems using Fabry-Perot and plasmonic cavities are described. This is followed by a description of room-temperature Bose-Einstein condensation/polariton lasing in polaritonic systems. The review ends with a discussion on the benefits, limitations, and future developments of strong exciton-photon coupling using organic molecules.
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| 11. |
- Blanton, Michael R., et al.
(författare)
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Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV : Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe
- 2017
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 154:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and. high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median z similar to 0.03). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between z similar to 0.6 and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs. and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the. Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July.
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| 12. |
- Bousquet, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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ARIA digital anamorphosis : Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 76:1, s. 168-190
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed.
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| 13. |
- Bousquet, J. Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Next-generation ARIA care pathways for rhinitis and asthma : a model for multimorbid chronic diseases
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : BMC. - 2045-7022. ; 9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In all societies, the burden and cost of allergic and chronic respiratory diseases are increasing rapidly. Most economies are struggling to deliver modern health care effectively. There is a need to support the transformation of the health care system into integrated care with organizational health literacy.Main body: As an example for chronic disease care, MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK), a new project of the ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) initiative, and POLLAR (Impact of Air POLLution on Asthma and Rhinitis, EIT Health), in collaboration with professional and patient organizations in the field of allergy and airway diseases, are proposing real-life ICPs centred around the patient with rhinitis, and using mHealth to monitor environmental exposure. Three aspects of care pathways are being developed: (i) Patient participation, health literacy and self-care through technology-assisted "patient activation", (ii) Implementation of care pathways by pharmacists and (iii) Next-generation guidelines assessing the recommendations of GRADE guidelines in rhinitis and asthma using real-world evidence (RWE) obtained through mobile technology. The EU and global political agendas are of great importance in supporting the digital transformation of health and care, and MASK has been recognized by DG Sante as a Good Practice in the field of digitally-enabled, integrated, person-centred care.Conclusion: In 20 years, ARIA has considerably evolved from the first multimorbidity guideline in respiratory diseases to the digital transformation of health and care with a strong political involvement.
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| 14. |
- Gomez-Escudero, Jesus, et al.
(författare)
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PKM2 regulates endothelial cell junction dynamics and angiogenesis via ATP production
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2045-2322. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, occurs in pathophysiological contexts such as wound healing, cancer, and chronic inflammatory disease. During sprouting angiogenesis, endothelial tip and stalk cells coordinately remodel their cell-cell junctions to allow collective migration and extension of the sprout while maintaining barrier integrity. All these processes require energy, and the predominant ATP generation route in endothelial cells is glycolysis. However, it remains unclear how ATP reaches the plasma membrane and intercellular junctions. In this study, we demonstrate that the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) is required for sprouting angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo through the regulation of endothelial cell-junction dynamics and collective migration. We show that PKM2-silencing decreases ATP required for proper VE-cadherin internalization/traffic at endothelial cell-cell junctions. Our study provides fresh insight into the role of ATP subcellular compartmentalization in endothelial cells during angiogenesis. Since manipulation of EC glycolysis constitutes a potential therapeutic intervention route, particularly in tumors and chronic inflammatory disease, these findings may help to refine the targeting of endothelial glycolytic activity in disease.
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| 15. |
- Gozalvez, David, et al.
(författare)
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Combined Time and Space Diversity Mobile Reception in DVB-T and DVB-T2 Systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. - 1556-6072. ; 7:4, s. 114-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The simultaneous delivery of fixed and mobile services in digital terrestrial TV (DTT) networks is a very attractive concept, as it allows the reuse of content, spectrum, and infrastructure. However, the provision of mobile services in terrestrial networks is challenged by the more severe propagation conditions of the mobile scenario. In this context, significant gains can be achieved by exploiting the diversity over time, frequency, and space.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Lara-Gonzalez, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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Substrate-induced dimerization of engineered monomeric variants of triosephosphate isomerase from trichomonas vaginalis
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dimeric nature of triosephosphate isomerases (TIMs) is maintained by an extensive surface area interface of more than 1600 Å2. TIMs from Trichomonas vaginalis (TvTIM) are held in their dimeric state by two mechanisms: A ball and socket interaction of residue 45 of one subunit that fits into the hydrophobic pocket of the complementary subunit and by swapping of loop 3 between subunits. TvTIMs differ from other TIMs in their unfolding energetics. In TvTIMs the energy necessary to unfold a monomer is greater than the energy necessary to dissociate the dimer. Herein we found that the character of residue I45 controls the dimer-monomer equilibrium in TvTIMs. Unfolding experiments employing monomeric and dimeric mutants led us to conclude that dimeric TvTIMs unfold following a four state model denaturation process whereas monomeric TvTIMs follow a three state model. In contrast to other monomeric TIMs, monomeric variants of TvTIM1 are stable and unexpectedly one of them (I45A) is only 29-fold less active than wild-type TvTIM1. The high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIMs contrast with the marginal catalytic activity of diverse monomeric TIMs variants. The stability of the monomeric variants of TvTIM1 and the use of cross-linking and analytical ultracentrifugation experiments permit us to understand the differences between the catalytic activities of TvTIMs and other marginally active monomeric TIMs. As TvTIMs do not unfold upon dimer dissociation, herein we found that the high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIM variants is explained by the formation of catalytic dimeric competent species assisted by substrate binding.
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| 18. |
- Lewandowski, Jörg, et al.
(författare)
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Is the Hyporheic Zone Relevant beyond the Scientific Community?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Water. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4441. ; 11:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rivers are important ecosystems under continuous anthropogenic stresses. The hyporheic zone is a ubiquitous, reactive interface between the main channel and its surrounding sediments along the river network. We elaborate on the main physical, biological, and biogeochemical drivers and processes within the hyporheic zone that have been studied by multiple scientific disciplines for almost half a century. These previous efforts have shown that the hyporheic zone is a modulator for most metabolic stream processes and serves as a refuge and habitat for a diverse range of aquatic organisms. It also exerts a major control on river water quality by increasing the contact time with reactive environments, which in turn results in retention and transformation of nutrients, trace organic compounds, fine suspended particles, and microplastics, among others. The paper showcases the critical importance of hyporheic zones, both from a scientific and an applied perspective, and their role in ecosystem services to answer the question of the manuscript title. It identifies major research gaps in our understanding of hyporheic processes. In conclusion, we highlight the potential of hyporheic restoration to efficiently manage and reactivate ecosystem functions and services in river corridors.
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| 19. |
- Martinez, Francisco, et al.
(författare)
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Bioinspired Citrate-Apatite Nanocrystals Doped with Divalent Transition Metal Ions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 16:1, s. 145-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bioinspired citrate-carbonate-apatite (cAp) nanocrystals doped with divalent transition metal (M) ions, i.e., Mn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+, were prepared by batch thermal decomplexing of Ca2+/M/citrate/phosphate/carbonate solutions at 80 and 37 degrees C, with initial Ca2+/M molar ratios of 9:1 and 5:5, and at different crystallization times ranging from 1 to 96 h. A thorough chemical, crystallographic, and morphological characterization was carried out on the doped nanocrystals revealing that (i) using similar crystallization conditions the amount of incorporated M normally followed the order Mn2+ > Co2+ > Ni2+; (ii) the growth of nano crystals was clearly enhanced at 80 degrees C and when a lower amount of M was incorporated in the crystal structure; (iii) the increase of the M content increased the aspect ratio (length/width) of the M-doped cAp nanocrystals compared to undoped ones, (iv) the incorporation of the 6.5 wt % of M is a threshold for the long-range order of the nano crystal; in fact, with a higher M content, amorphous materials were mainly produced. Additionally, we found that citrate controlled the activity of hydrated M ions in solution, the extension of the doping process, and protected the M ions against oxidation in solution as well as in the outermost layer of doped nanocrystals. Preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity studies on the murine MS1 endothelial cell line showed that the produced Mn2+- and Co2+-doped nanocrystals were highly biocompatible at doses comparable to those of undoped ones, with the exception of the nanocrystals substituted with the highest Co2+ content at the higher doses.
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| 20. |
- Mironowicz, Piotr, et al.
(författare)
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Quantum randomness protected against detection loophole attacks
- 2021
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Ingår i: Quantum Information Processing. - : SPRINGER. - 1570-0755 .- 1573-1332. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Device and semi-device-independent private quantum randomness generators are crucial for applications requiring private randomness. However, they are vulnerable to detection inefficiency attacks and this limits severely their usage for practical purposes. Here, we present a method for protecting semi-device-independent private quantum randomness generators in prepare-and-measure scenarios against detection inefficiency attacks. The key idea is the introduction of a blocking device that adds failures in the communication between the preparation and measurement devices. We prove that, for any detection efficiency, there is a blocking rate that provides protection against these attacks. We experimentally demonstrate the generation of private randomness using weak coherent states and standard avalanche photo-detectors.
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| 21. |
- Muller, Elodie, et al.
(författare)
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Conditions of emergence of the Sooty Bark Disease and aerobiology of Cryptostroma corticale in Europe
- 2023
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Ingår i: NeoBiota. - 1619-0033 .- 1314-2488. ; 84, s. 319-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sooty bark disease (SBD) is an emerging disease affecting sycamore maple trees (Acer pseudoplatanus) in Europe. Cryptostroma corticale, the causal agent, putatively native to eastern North America, can be also pathogenic for humans causing pneumonitis. It was first detected in 1945 in Europe, with markedly increasing reports since 2000. Pathogen development appears to be linked to heat waves and drought episodes. Here, we analyse the conditions of the SBD emergence in Europe based on a three-decadal time-series data set. We also assess the suitability of aerobiological samples using a species-specific quantitative PCR assay to inform the epidemiology of C. corticale, through a regional study in France comparing two-year aerobiological and epidemiological data, and a continental study including 12 air samplers from six countries (Czechia, France, Italy, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland).We found that an accumulated water deficit in spring and summer lower than -132 mm correlates with SBD outbreaks. Our results suggest that C. corticale is an efficient airborne pathogen which can disperse its conidia as far as 310 km from the site of the closest disease outbreak. Aerobiology of C. corticale followed the SBD distribution in Europe. Pathogen detection was high in countries within the host native area and with longer disease presence, such as France, Switzerland and Czech Republic, and sporadic in Italy, where the pathogen was reported just once. The pathogen was absent in samples from Portugal and Sweden, where the disease has not been reported yet. We conclude that aerobiological surveillance can inform the spatial distribution of the SBD, and contribute to early detection in pathogen-free countries.
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| 22. |
- Nugroho, Ferry, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Inverse designed plasmonic metasurface with parts per billion optical hydrogen detection
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasmonic sensors rely on optical resonances in metal nanoparticles and are typically limited by their broad spectral features. This constraint is particularly taxing for optical hydrogen sensors, in which hydrogen is absorbed inside optically-lossy Pd nanostructures and for which state-of-the-art detection limits are only at the low parts-per-million (ppm) range. Here, we overcome this limitation by inversely designing a plasmonic metasurface based on a periodic array of Pd nanoparticles. Guided by a particle swarm optimization algorithm, we numerically identify and experimentally demonstrate a sensor with an optimal balance between a narrow spectral linewidth and a large field enhancement inside the nanoparticles, enabling a measured hydrogen detection limit of 250 parts-per-billion (ppb). Our work significantly improves current plasmonic hydrogen sensor capabilities and, in a broader context, highlights the power of inverse design of plasmonic metasurfaces for ultrasensitive optical (gas) detection.
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| 23. |
- Pañeda Murcia, Beatriz, et al.
(författare)
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La vulve d’Attis revisitée
- 2023
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Ingår i: Métis. ; Vulves incarnées – Retours croisés sur Attis et Baubô, Métis 23 (2025)
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Santos, Arnoldo, et al.
(författare)
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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome deteriorates pulmonary vascular efficiency and increases cardiac energy wasting in a porcine model.
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Right ventricle failure worsen outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the pathophysiology of right ventricle failure and vascular dysfunction in ARDS is not completely understood. In this study we aim to evaluate the effects of early ARDS on pulmonary vascular efficiency for transmission of flow and pressure in an experimental animal model. Methods: ARDS was induced in 10 pigs (32.5±4.3 kg) combining saline lung-lavages with injurious mechanical ventilation. Pressure and flow sensors were placed at the main pulmonary artery for pulmonary vascular function evaluation, including arterial load parameters, cardiac power and energy transmission ratio.Results: Compared to baseline healthy conditions, ARDS increased pulmonary vascular resistance (199±62 versus 524±154 dyn.s.cm-5, p <0.001), effective arterial elastance (0.65±0.26 versus 1.13±0.36 mmHg/ml, p <0.001) and total hydraulic power (195±60 to 266±87 mW, p =0.015), decreased pulmonary arterial compliance (from 2.34±0.86 to 1.00±0.25 ml/mmHg, p <0.001) and energy transmission ratio (68±15 versus 55±14%, p = 0.014), whereas oscillatory power did not change (17±6 versus 16±6%, p = 0.359).Conclusions: In this experimental ARDS model, an increase in pulmonary arterial load was associated with a higher cardiac power and a decrease in the energy transmission ratio. These results suggest that right ventricle energy consumption is increased and part of this energy is wasted in pulmonary circulation worsening pulmonary vascular efficiency in the early course of ARDS. These findings may help to explain primary mechanisms leading to right ventricle dysfunction in ARDS.
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| 25. |
- Santos, Arnoldo, et al.
(författare)
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ARDS Decreases Pulmonary Artery Compliance in a Porcine Model
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Importance of pulmonary hemodynamic disarrangements in ARDS has been remarked recently. In this study we describe the effect of ARDS on pulmonary artery compliance and the related effect on pulmonary hemodynamics. In this way we highlight the importance of pulsatile hemodynamic evaluation beyond the classic evaluation based only on resistance.Methods: 17 anesthetized and muscle relaxed pigs were monitored with a transonic flow probe and high fidelity micro-tip pressure sensor placed in the pulmonary artery through a small thoracotomy. An experimental model of ARDS was induced in these animals by means of lung saline lavages followed by two hours of injurious mechanical ventilation. Pulmonary artery compliance was measured as the stroke volume divided by the pulse pressure. Waveform analysis of pulmonary artery pressure and flow signal was applied to calculate the following variables: first harmonic impedance magnitude (inversely related with arterial compliance), characteristic impedance, wave reflections (which are affected by arterial compliance) magnitude and peak and foot arrival time (normalized to cardiac period). These variables are related to the pulmonary vessels efficiency to transmit pressure and flow produced by the right ventricle. In addition, pulmonary vascular resistance was evaluated as usual. Variables were evaluated before (Baseline) and after (ARDS) development of the model.Results: Comparing with Baseline, ARDS provoked a decrease in pulmonary artery compliance (3.03±0.99 vs 1.53±0.41 ml/mmHg, p<0.001), and in the wave reflections arrival time of foot (0.18±0.09 vs 0.11±0.05, p<0.001) and peak (0.50±0.12 vs 0.39±0.10, p< 0.001) and an increase in the impedance magnitude of the first harmonic (80±29 vs 145±38 dyn.s.cm-5, p<0.001) and in the pulmonary vascular resistance (230±79 vs 504±129 dyn.s.cm-5, p<0.001). Characteristic impedance and wave reflections magnitude showed no differences.Conclusions: In this porcine model, ARDS provoked a decrease in pulmonary artery compliance. This effect was followed by a deterioration of pulmonary vascular efficiency. Our findings can be relevant for the pathophysiology of right ventricle failure during ARDS. This abstract is funded by: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), Basic Science Award 2012, the Swedish Heart and Lung foundation and the Swedish Research Council (K2015-99X-22731-01-4)
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| 26. |
- Santos, Arnoldo, et al.
(författare)
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Cyclic Changes of Pulmonary Vascular Mechanics During mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. A porcine experimental model.
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To test the hypothesis that acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS) worsens pulmonary vascular mechanics during the respiratory cycle under mechanical ventilation in an animal model. Design: Experimental study.Setting: Animal research laboratory.Subjects: 6 pigs, 31.7 ± 5.4 kg.Interventions: ARDS was induced by combining saline lung-lavages with injurious mechanical ventilation. Pressure and flow sensors were placed at the main pulmonary artery (PA) and signals were collected simultaneously with airway pressure and flow. Pulmonary vascular mechanics and cardiac function parameters were calculates beat by beat during 2-3 minutes. We designed a novel method to quantify how the calculated variables behave during the whole respiratory cycle, i.e., during expiration and during inspiration. Results are expressed as the mean value during the corresponding phase of the respiratory cycle.Measurements and Main Results: During the whole respiratory cycle and at expiration ARDS decreased SV and arterial compliance while increased mean and pulse PA pressure, effective arterial elastance and Dp/Dtmax when compared to baseline. At baseline and after ARDS, inspiration in positive pressure ventilation caused a decrease in stroke volume (-3±1ml, p<0.001 and -3±1ml, p<0.001), pulmonary mean (-0.5±0.3, p=0.007 and -0.7±0.3mmHg, p=0.002) and pulse pressure (-0.8±0.4, p=0.003 and -1,5±0.7mmHg, p=0.003) and compliance (-0.07±0.04 and -0.04±0.00ml/mmHg, p<0.001) and an increase in resistance (34±13, p=0.001 and 50±32dyn.s.cm-5, p=0.012) and in effective arterial elastance (0.04±0.01, p=0.001 and 0.08±0.04mmHg/ml, p=0.003). ARDS produced a more pronounced inspiratory increase in effective arterial elastance (p=0.041) when compared to baseline. Positive pressure ventilation caused a decrease in Dp/Dtmax at baseline (-15±9mmHg/s, p=0.010) but this was not significant during ARDS (-27±28mmHg/s, p=0.068). Conclusions: We found in this experimental model that MV induced tidal increase in arterial load and that this effect was higher during ARDS. This finding if transferred to patients, might partly explain the high rate of right heart failure clinically in ARDS.
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| 27. |
- Santos, Arnoldo, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on Pulmonary Vascular Mechanics of Two Different Lung-Protective Ventilation Strategies in an Experimental Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- 2017
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Ingår i: Critical Care Medicine. - 0090-3493 .- 1530-0293. ; 45:11, s. e1157-e1164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of two lung-protective ventilation strategies on pulmonary vascular mechanics in early acute respiratory distress syndrome.DESIGN: Experimental study.SETTING: University animal research laboratory.SUBJECTS: Twelve pigs (30.8 ± 2.5 kg).INTERVENTIONS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome was induced by repeated lung lavages and injurious mechanical ventilation. Thereafter, animals were randomized to 4 hours ventilation according to the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network protocol or to an open lung approach strategy. Pressure and flow sensors placed at the pulmonary artery trunk allowed continuous assessment of pulmonary artery resistance, effective elastance, compliance, and reflected pressure waves. Respiratory mechanics and gas exchange data were collected.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome led to pulmonary vascular mechanics deterioration. Four hours after randomization, pulmonary vascular mechanics was similar in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network and open lung approach: resistance (578 ± 252 vs 626 ± 153 dyn.s/cm; p = 0.714), effective elastance, (0.63 ± 0.22 vs 0.58 ± 0.17 mm Hg/mL; p = 0.710), compliance (1.19 ± 0.8 vs 1.50 ± 0.27 mL/mm Hg; p = 0.437), and reflection index (0.36 ± 0.04 vs 0.34 ± 0.09; p = 0.680). Open lung approach as compared to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network was associated with improved dynamic respiratory compliance (17.3 ± 2.6 vs 10.5 ± 1.3 mL/cm H2O; p < 0.001), driving pressure (9.6 ± 1.3 vs 19.3 ± 2.7 cm H2O; p < 0.001), and venous admixture (0.05 ± 0.01 vs 0.22 ± 0.03, p < 0.001) and lower mean pulmonary artery pressure (26 ± 3 vs 34 ± 7 mm Hg; p = 0.045) despite of using a higher positive end-expiratory pressure (17.4 ± 0.7 vs 9.5 ± 2.4 cm H2O; p < 0.001). Cardiac index, however, was lower in open lung approach (1.42 ± 0.16 vs 2.27 ± 0.48 L/min; p = 0.005).CONCLUSIONS: In this experimental model, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network and open lung approach affected pulmonary vascular mechanics similarly. The use of higher positive end-expiratory pressures in the open lung approach strategy did not worsen pulmonary vascular mechanics, improved lung mechanics, and gas exchange but at the expense of a lower cardiac index.
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| 28. |
- Velasquez, Juan, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Stoppa rasism och brott mot demokratin i Abya Yala
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens ETC. - 1652-8980. ; :2019-11-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Stoppa rasism och brott mot demokratin i Abya Yala Vi lever i en värld där människors närvaro i varandras liv och vardag alltmer går bortom nationsgränser. Denna tid påminner oss om att vi som människor är involverade i sociala relationer och utbyten som sträcker sig över hela planeten. Med den insikten växer också vårt ansvar för att dessa relationer ska byggas vidare på rättvisa grunder för att den välfärd och rättvisa som än så länge privilegierade grupper åtnjuter ska kunna gälla alla. SVERIGES RELATION med Latinamerika och Karibien, som vi nu fortsättningsvis kommer att kalla för Abya Yala har en lång historia som knyter an till den europeiska kolonialismen. Vi vill uppmärksamma att denna 500-åriga koloniala historia inte lätt kan lyftas bort, då regionen varit och är viktig exportör av råvaror till de industrialiserade områdena i världen. Abya Yala råkar ha en stor biologisk mångfald vilket gör dessa territorier åtråvärda för transnationella intressen. Samtidigt som dess demokratiska institutioner kämpar ständigt för att dels frigöra sig från det koloniala arvet och dels bemöta enorma sociala ojämlikheter. I kölvattnen av det kalla kriget genomgick Abya Yala en tid av militärdiktaturer och auktoritära regimer. De flesta flyktingar som fick asyl i Sverige flydde från brutala övergrepp på mänskliga, sociala, kulturella och ekonomiska rättigheter. Hela kontinentens gemensamma erfarenheten av att underkastas auktoritära regimer har fyllt oss med trauman, men också av en längtan efter demokratisering, som också successivt började byggas upp. SEDAN MITTEN AV 1980-talet antog flera länder nya grundlagar för att förebygga en återgång till auktoritarianism. I takt med att ursprungsfolk, etniska minoriteter och underrepresenterade grupper har fört en kamp för mänskliga, medborgerliga och territoriella rättigheter har regionen för första gången börjat röra sig bortom kolonialt präglade samhällssystem och privilegier – som historiskt först har tillkommit vita kolonialherrar, sedan vita kvinnor, för att genom antikolonial mobilisering börja gälla även marginaliserade sociala och etniska grupper – och inlemma rättigheter för naturen. Något som tagit form ibland annat erkännande av naturen eller ekosystem som juridiska subjekt. Idag, i samband med klimatkrisen är det mer än någonsin nödvändigt att inse det akuta behovet av en rad omställningar för att rädda livet på vår planet. Inför detta har ursprungsfolken från Anderna till låglandets stora savanner och regnskogar visat sätt att formulera politiska frågor med utgångspunkt i människors relationer till naturen. Parallellt med detta ser vi med oro en snabb ökning av systematiska mord mot ursprungsfolk, feminister, journalister, människorätts- och miljöaktivister från bonde- och afrodiasporiska samhällen. Från Chile, Ecuador, Peru och Colombia, till Brasilien, Argentina, Venezuela, Honduras och Haiti nås vi av dessa nyheter. UNDER DE SENASTE veckorna har vi sett även hur systematiska brott mot mänskliga rättigheter blivit norm i Chile, och dessförinnan i Ecuador, när befolkningen reste sig mot ekonomiska åtstramningar inspirerade av nyliberala dogmer. Parallellt med dessa pågår en liknande resning på Haiti, som passerar i stort sett obemärkt förbi i alla svenska medier. Situationen i Chile tyder på att en återgång till diktaturstyre är på väg, vilket det chilenska folket bemöter med krav på att en ny grundlag ska författas demokratiskt. Men det mest oroande är hur vågen av systematiska brott mot mänskligheten och demokratin har nått Bolivia genom en statskupp med starka inslag av bibeltrogen högerextremism, nyliberal dogmatism samt en extremt öppen rasism mot ursprungsfolk. Vi anser att Sverige inte skall ställa sig passivt inför en återgång till koloniala och rasistiska diktaturer som sätter demokratin på undantag över stora delar av Abya Yala. Därför vill vi mana både mediesfär och regering att agera med kraft mot den farliga politiska utvecklingen. Vi uppmanar SVT och SR att informera om det som händer i hela regionen utförligt, sakligt, opartiskt och oberoende. Hittills har public service svikit sitt specifika uppdrag som tydligt har formulerats av regeringen. VI UPPMANAR DEN svenska regeringen att uppdatera sin utrikespolitik gentemot regionen. Mot bakgrund av den rasism, de brott mot mänskligheten och de odemokratiska metoder som används för att iscensätta statskupper i regionen, som är fallet nu i Bolivia, har det varit oerhört provocerande att höra utrikesministern Ann Lindes uttalanden, där hon inte har tagit avstånd från några av dessa diktatoriska processer. Vi uppmanar slutligen Sveriges riksdagspartier att också ta sitt ansvar och göra allt som står i deras makt för att nå partierna i Abya Yala-regionen med uppmaning att upphöra med sin snabbt eskalerande rasism, brott mot mänskligheten och handlingar som underminerar det demokratiska utvecklingen i de respektive länderna. JUAN VELASQUEZ universitetslektor, Göteborgs universitet DIANA MULINARI professor, Lunds universitet YLVA HABEL universitetslektor, Södertörns högskola CARMEN BLANCO VALER folkhögskolelärare Färnebo fhsk. JAIME GOMEZ MR- och fredsaktivist FRANCISCO CONTRERAS sociolog ALEJANDRO GONZÁLEZ ARRIAGADA f.d. politisk fånge, fil.dok NICHOLAS SMITH universitetslektor, Södertörns högskola LEANDRO SCHCLAREK MULINARI doktorand, Stockholms universitet LENA SAWYER universitetslektor, Göteborgs universitet LORENA DELGADO VARAS Riksdagsledamot (V) IRENE MOLINA, professor, Uppsala universitet MAY-BRITT ÖHMAN, Fil.Dr, Uppsala universitet
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| 29. |
- Wedemeyer, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Prospects and challenges of numerical modeling of the Sun at millimeter wavelengths
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-987X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) offers new diagnostic possibilities that complement other commonly used diagnostics for the study of the Sun. In particular, ALMA’s ability to serve as an essentially linear thermometer of the chromospheric gas at unprecedented spatial resolution at millimeter wavelengths and future polarization measurements has great diagnostic potential. Solar ALMA observations are therefore expected to contribute significantly to answering long-standing questions about the structure, dynamics, and energy balance of the outer layers of the solar atmosphere. In this regard, current and future ALMA data are also important for constraining and further developing numerical models of the solar atmosphere, which in turn are often vital for the interpretation of observations. The latter is particularly important given the Sun’s highly intermittent and dynamic nature that involves a plethora of processes occurring over extended ranges in spatial and temporal scales. Realistic forward modeling of the Sun therefore requires time-dependent three-dimensional radiation magnetohydrodynamics that account for non-equilibrium effects and, typically as a separate step, detailed radiative transfer calculations, resulting in synthetic observables that can be compared to observations. Such artificial observations sometimes also account for instrumental and seeing effects, which, in addition to aiding the interpretation of observations, provide instructive tools for designing and optimizing ALMA’s solar observing modes. In the other direction, ALMA data in combination with other simultaneous observations enable the reconstruction of the solar atmospheric structure via data inversion techniques. This article highlights central aspects of the impact of ALMA for numerical modeling of the Sun and their potential and challenges, together with selected examples.
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| 30. |
- Wedemeyer, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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The Sun at millimeter wavelengths : I. Introduction to ALMA Band 3 observations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) started regular observations of the Sun in 2016, first offering receiver Band 3 at wavelengths near 3 mm (100 GHz) and Band 6 at wavelengths around 1.25 mm (239 GHz).Aims. Here we present an initial study of one of the first ALMA Band 3 observations of the Sun. Our aim is to characterise the diagnostic potential of brightness temperatures measured with ALMA on the Sun.Methods. The observation covers a duration of 48 min at a cadence of 2 s targeting a quiet Sun region at disc-centre. Corresponding time series of brightness temperature maps are constructed with the first version of the Solar ALMA Pipeline and compared to simultaneous observations with the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).Results. The angular resolution of the observations is set by the synthesised beam, an elliptical Gaussian that is approximately 1.4 '' x2.1 '' in size. The ALMA maps exhibit network patches, internetwork regions, and elongated thin features that are connected to large-scale magnetic loops, as confirmed by a comparison with SDO maps. The ALMA Band 3 maps correlate best with the SDO/AIA 171 angstrom, 131 angstrom, and 304 angstrom channels in that they exhibit network features and, although very weak in the ALMA maps, imprints of large-scale loops. A group of compact magnetic loops is very clearly visible in ALMA Band 3. The brightness temperatures in the loop tops reach values of about 8000-9000 K and in extreme moments up to 10 000 K.Conclusions. ALMA Band 3 interferometric observations from early observing cycles already reveal temperature differences in the solar chromosphere. The weak imprint of magnetic loops and the correlation with the 171, 131, and 304 SDO channels suggests, however, that the radiation mapped in ALMA Band 3 might have contributions from a wider range of atmospheric heights than previously assumed, but the exact formation height of Band 3 needs to be investigated in more detail. The absolute brightness temperature scale as set by total power measurements remains less certain and must be improved in the future. Despite these complications and the limited angular resolution, ALMA Band 3 observations have a large potential for quantitative studies of the small-scale structure and dynamics of the solar chromosphere.
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| 31. |
- Zhang, Huai, et al.
(författare)
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A global survey on the use of the international classification of diseases codes for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Hepatology international. - 1936-0541.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the implementation of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the publication of the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) nomenclature in 2020, it is important to establish consensus for the coding of MAFLD in ICD-11. This will inform subsequent revisions of ICD-11.Using the Qualtrics XM and WJX platforms, questionnaires were sent online to MAFLD-ICD-11 coding collaborators, authors of papers, and relevant association members.A total of 890 international experts in various fields from 61 countries responded to the survey. We also achieved full coverage of provincial-level administrative regions in China. 77.1% of respondents agreed that MAFLD should be represented in ICD-11 by updating NAFLD, with no significant regional differences (77.3% in Asia and 76.6% in non-Asia, p=0.819). Over 80% of respondents agreed or somewhat agreed with the need to assign specific codes for progressive stages of MAFLD (i.e. steatohepatitis) (92.2%), MAFLD combined with comorbidities (84.1%), or MAFLD subtypes (i.e., lean, overweight/obese, and diabetic) (86.1%).This global survey by a collaborative panel of clinical, coding, health management and policy experts, indicates agreement that MAFLD should be coded in ICD-11. The data serves as a foundation for corresponding adjustments in the ICD-11 revision.
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