| 1. |
- Chylenski, Maciej, et al.
(författare)
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Patrilocality and hunter-gatherer-related ancestry of populations in East-Central Europe during the Middle Bronze Age
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demographic history of East-Central Europe after the Neolithic period remains poorly explored, despite this region being on the confluence of various ecological zones and cultural entities. Here, the descendants of societies associated with steppe pastoralists form Early Bronze Age were followed by Middle Bronze Age populations displaying unique characteristics. Particularly, the predominance of collective burials, the scale of which, was previously seen only in the Neolithic. The extent to which this re-emergence of older traditions is a result of genetic shift or social changes in the MBA is a subject of debate. Here by analysing 91 newly generated genomes from Bronze Age individuals from present Poland and Ukraine, we discovered that Middle Bronze Age populations were formed by an additional admixture event involving a population with relatively high proportions of genetic component associated with European hunter-gatherers and that their social structure was based on, primarily patrilocal, multigenerational kin-groups. By analysing 91 Bronze Age genomes from East-Central Europe, the authors discovered that Middle Bronze Age populations were formed by an admixture event involving hunter-gatherers and that the social structure of resulting population was primarily patrilocal.
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| 2. |
- Gorski, Krzysztof, et al.
(författare)
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Quadrupolar Dyes Based on Highly Polarized Coumarins
- 2021
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Ingår i: Organic Letters. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1523-7060 .- 1523-7052. ; 23:17, s. 6770-6774
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fluorescence and other photophysical parameters of highly polarized, quadrupolar bis-coumarins possessing an electron-rich pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole bridging unit are highly dependent on the linking position between both chromophores. Delocalization of the LUMO on the entire pi-system results in intense emission and strong two-photon absorption.
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| 3. |
- Gorski, Krzysztof, et al.
(författare)
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The interplay of intersystem crossing and internal conversion in quadrupolar tetraarylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2050-7526 .- 2050-7534.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adding nitro groups to aromatic compounds usually quenches their fluorescence via intersystem crossing (ISC) or internal conversion (IC). Herein, we investigated centrosymmetric 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles linked to variously substituted nitro-heteroaryls. A 1,4-orientation of the nitro substituent versus the electron rich 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core invokes a strong fluorescence in non-polar solvents and intense two-photon absorption while a 1,3-orientation of push-pull substituents results in a dramatic hypsochromic shift of absorption, weak, bathochromically shifted emission and weak two-photon absorption. The combined experimental and computational study indicates that the primary responsible factors are: (1) the difference in electron density distribution in the LUMO; (2) the difference in mu 10. IC is a dominant mechanism of non-radiative dissipation of energy in all these dyes but as long as the distribution of electron density within the HOMO and LUMO is delocalized on the 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core as well as on the nitroaromatic moieties its rate is slower than the fluorescence rate in non-polar solvents.
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| 4. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 5. |
- Nhu, Viet-Ha, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping of Groundwater Spring Potential in Karst Aquifer System Using Novel Ensemble Bivariate and Multivariate Models
- 2020
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Ingår i: Water. - Switzerland : MDPI. - 2073-4441. ; 12:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Groundwater is an important natural resource in arid and semi-arid environments, where discharge from karst springs is utilized as the principal water supply for human use. The occurrence of karst springs over large areas is often poorly documented, and interpolation strategies are often utilized to map the distribution and discharge potential of springs. This study develops a novel method to delineate karst spring zones on the basis of various hydrogeological factors. A case study of the Bojnourd Region, Iran, where spring discharge measurements are available for 359 sites, is used to demonstrate application of the new approach. Spatial mapping is achieved using ensemble modelling, which is based on certainty factors (CF) and logistic regression (LR). Maps of the CF and LR components of groundwater potential were generated individually, and then, combined to prepare an ensemble map of the study area. The accuracy (A) of the ensemble map was then assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results of this analysis show that LR (A = 78%) outperformed CF (A = 67%) in terms of the comparison between model predictions and known occurrences of karst springs (i.e., calibration data). However, combining the CF and LR results through ensemble modelling produced superior accuracy (A = 85%) in terms of spring potential mapping. By combining CF and LR statistical models through ensemble modelling, weaknesses in CF and LR methods are offset, and therefore, we recommend this ensemble approach for similar karst mapping projects. The methodology developed here offers an efficient method for assessing spring discharge and karst spring potentials over regional scales.
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| 6. |
- Nhu, Viet-Ha, et al.
(författare)
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Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping : A Comparison between Logistic Model Tree, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes Tree, Artificial Neural Network, and Support Vector Machine Algorithms
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - Switzerland : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:8, s. 1-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shallow landslides damage buildings and other infrastructure, disrupt agriculture practices, and can cause social upheaval and loss of life. As a result, many scientists study the phenomenon, and some of them have focused on producing landslide susceptibility maps that can be used by land-use managers to reduce injury and damage. This paper contributes to this effort by comparing the power and effectiveness of five machine learning, benchmark algorithms—Logistic Model Tree, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes Tree, Artificial Neural Network, and Support Vector Machine—in creating a reliable shallow landslide susceptibility map for Bijar City in Kurdistan province, Iran. Twenty conditioning factors were applied to 111 shallow landslides and tested using the One-R attribute evaluation (ORAE) technique for modeling and validation processes. The performance of the models was assessed by statistical-based indexes including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and area under the receiver operatic characteristic curve (AUC). Results indicate that all the five machine learning models performed well for shallow landslide susceptibility assessment, but the Logistic Model Tree model (AUC = 0.932) had the highest goodness-of-fit and prediction accuracy, followed by the Logistic Regression (AUC = 0.932), Naïve Bayes Tree (AUC = 0.864), ANN (AUC = 0.860), and Support Vector Machine (AUC = 0.834) models. Therefore, we recommend the use of the Logistic Model Tree model in shallow landslide mapping programs in semi-arid regions to help decision makers, planners, land-use managers, and government agencies mitigate the hazard and risk.
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