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Sökning: WFRF:(Gaffney KJ)

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1.
  • Larsson, Jörgen, et al. (författare)
  • Opportunities and challenges using short-pulse X-ray sources.
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Second International Conference on Photo-Induced Phase Transitions: Cooperative, Nonlinear and Functional Properties. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 21, s. 87-94
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Free-electron lasers will change the way we carry out time-resolved X-ray experiments. At present date, we use laser-produced plasma sources or synchrotron radiation. Laser-produced plasma sources have short pulses, but unfortunately large pulse-to-pulse fluctuations and large divergence. Synchrotron radiation from third generation source provide collimated and stable beams, but unfortunately long pulses. This means that either the time-resolution is limited to 100 ps or rather complex set-ups involving slicing or streak cameras are needed. Hard X-ray free-electron lasers will combine the best properties of present-day sources and increase the number of photons by many orders of magnitude. Already today, a precursor to the free-electron lasers has been built at Stanford Linear Accelerator Centre (SLAC). The Sub-Picosecond Photon Source (SPPS) has already shown the opportunities and challenges of using short-pulse X-ray sources.
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2.
  • Lindenberg, AM, et al. (författare)
  • Atomic-scale visualization of inertial dynamics
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 308:5720, s. 392-395
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The motion of atoms on interatomic potential energy surfaces is fundamental to the dynamics of liquids and solids. An accelerator-based source of femtosecond x-ray pulses allowed us to follow directly atomic displacements on an optically modified energy landscape, leading eventually to the transition from crystalline solid to disordered liquid. We show that, to first order in time, the dynamics are inertial, and we place constraints on the shape and curvature of the transition-state potential energy surface. Our measurements point toward analogies between this nonequilibrium phase transition and the short-time dynamics intrinsic to equilibrium liquids.
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