| 1. |
- Forslund, Sofia K., et al.
(författare)
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Combinatorial, additive and dose-dependent drug–microbiome associations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 600:7889, s. 500-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the transition from a healthy state to cardiometabolic disease, patients become heavily medicated, which leads to an increasingly aberrant gut microbiome and serum metabolome, and complicates biomarker discovery1–5. Here, through integrated multi-omics analyses of 2,173 European residents from the MetaCardis cohort, we show that the explanatory power of drugs for the variability in both host and gut microbiome features exceeds that of disease. We quantify inferred effects of single medications, their combinations as well as additive effects, and show that the latter shift the metabolome and microbiome towards a healthier state, exemplified in synergistic reduction in serum atherogenic lipoproteins by statins combined with aspirin, or enrichment of intestinal Roseburia by diuretic agents combined with beta-blockers. Several antibiotics exhibit a quantitative relationship between the number of courses prescribed and progression towards a microbiome state that is associated with the severity of cardiometabolic disease. We also report a relationship between cardiometabolic drug dosage, improvement in clinical markers and microbiome composition, supporting direct drug effects. Taken together, our computational framework and resulting resources enable the disentanglement of the effects of drugs and disease on host and microbiome features in multimedicated individuals. Furthermore, the robust signatures identified using our framework provide new hypotheses for drug–host–microbiome interactions in cardiometabolic disease.
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| 2. |
- Gabrielsson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers of Entrepreneurial Passion Among Graduates in Venture Creation Programs
- 2022
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings. - : Academy of Management. - 0065-0668 .- 2151-6561. ; :1, s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We develop and test an analytical framework that builds on experiential learning theory to explore drivers of entrepreneurial passion among graduates from venture creation programs (VCP). The framework identifies two main sources of experiential learning (direct and vicarious experience), and three temporal vantage points (pre-, peri- and post-education) where such experiences may occur. We employ fsQCA analysis on a sample of graduates from a Swedish university to identify causal paths leading to configurations of experiences that ultimately lead to higher entrepreneurial passion. Overall, analyses yielded a total of four effective configurations where each represents a combination of present or absent conditions that are jointly sufficient for producing the indicated outcome. While both direct and vicarious experiential learning in combination with other causal conditions can drive high entrepreneurial passion among VCP graduates, the results suggest strongest evidence for causal relations between direct experiential learning and high entrepreneurial passion. Moreover, the results suggest that post- and peri-educational experiences have stronger causal impact compared to pre-educational experiences.
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| 3. |
- Gabrielsson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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What happens after rapid growth? : A study of sustainable high-growth entrepreneurship in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Academy of Management. - : Academy of Management. - 0065-0668 .- 2151-6561.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Entrepreneurial high-growth firms contribute significantly to the economy by scaling up new innovative products, services, and business models as well as creating jobs and fostering economic growth. In this study we examine the incidence of sustainable high growth entrepreneurship in a sample of Swedish firms that have previously been experiencing rapid growth. We acknowledge growth as a multi-dimensional phenomenon by distinguishing between employee growth and sales growth. Overall, the statistical analysis suggests that the different growth trajectories shown by firms can be related to different industry life cycle positions. We also find differences related to the time that has passed since the firm were experiencing rapid growth. In addition, ex-gazelles operating in knowledge intensive sectors or with a higher degree of novelty in their market offer are not more likely to show a subsequent period of growth. Copyright © 2016, Academy of Management
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| 4. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-
(författare)
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Adjunct professors at professional service firms: Just links between the industry and the academy or…?
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aims at contributing to the literature on university-industry relations by examining professional service firms’ motives and beneficial outcomes related to their involvement in relations with universities. As a study context a specific form of such relations – appointment of firms’ key employees as adjunct professors – is chosen. The study adopts a qualitative research strategy and relies mainly on collecting data via semi-structured interviews with both top managers and adjunct professors employed by five engineering consultancy firms operating in the construction industry in Sweden.Preliminary findings suggest that motives and benefits of professional service firms, related to engagement in this particular type of interactions with universities, differ from those which have been reported for manufacturing firms in university-industry relations literature. While stability seeking motives are major determinants for professional services to engage in such partnerships with universities, which is quite similar to previous evidence reported in the literature for manufacturing firms, professional service firms highpoint the significance of reciprocity and legitimacy motives, which have been reported to be of lower importance for manufacturing firms. When it comes to benefits, professional service firms seem to benefit substantially from engagement in such a partnership with universities, both in terms of tangible and intangible outcomes. The most significant outcomes are attributed to firms’ core capabilities development.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of international opportunities : A study of mature firms in mature industries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of International Entrepreneurship. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1570-7385 .- 1573-7349. ; 19, s. 53-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study seeks to gain a better understanding of how small late internationalising (mature) firms operating in mature industry contexts, which seem largely ignored in international entrepreneurship research, identify primary and subsequent international opportunities. Integrating international opportunity and network literature, as well as adopting a multiple case study design, we build on the evidence obtained from two Swedish and two Norwegian late internationalising firms operating in medium-technology industries. Our findings highlight the vital importance of business ties for identification of both primary and subsequent international opportunities by mature firms operating in mature industries. We find that such firms may identify their primary international opportunities by both discovery and creation. Furthermore, the firms' reputation in the domestic market, accumulated technological knowledge and needs for product customisation and/or customer involvement in product development, may indicate whether the firms tend to discover primary international opportunities or create them either by strengthening existing business ties or by forming new ones. With regard to subsequent international opportunities, creation is found to be a more likely way to identify opportunities. We show that 'false' (identified but not pursued) international opportunities, apart from generating a beneficial learning experience for both entrepreneurs and firms, prompt the entrepreneurs to (i) realise the urgency of needed strategic changes and (ii) identify future learning content, i.e. knowledge which should be acquired by the firm for successful pursuit of subsequent international opportunities.
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| 8. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Internationalization by means of networks : A case study of small firms in a cross-border region
- 2018
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Ingår i: Book of Abstracts. - Halmstad : Högskolan i Halmstad. ; , s. 21-22
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims at gaining a deeper understanding of the role of networks in internationalization of small firms originating from a cross-border region. Internationalization is viewed as the process of identification and exploitation of international opportunities. The present study specifically seeks to understand how different kind of networks enable small firms to identify and exploit their first and subsequent international opportunities and where (within or beyond the cross-border region). The study employs a multiple-case study design and is built on empirical evidence mainly collected via face-to-face semi-structured interviews with managers/owners/founders of five small firms located in the cross-border region Northern Fyrbodal (Sweden) – Southern Østfold (Norway). Preliminary findings suggest that the roles of business, institutional and social networks as well as regional and international networks differ with regard to i) international opportunities identification and exploitation; ii) geographically/institutionally proximate and distant markets as well as iii) discovery or creation as a means of international opportunities formation.
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| 9. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Internationalization of small firms originating from a cross-border region : The role of social and business networks
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Firms’ small size is commonly considered as a disadvantage in internationalization (Jansson, 2007), which is mainly associated with the lack of resources needed to expand internationally (Jansson & Sandberg, 2008). Consequently, internationalization of small firms differs noticeably from that of large firms (Musteen et al., 2010). In particular, compared to large firms, small firms rely more extensively on networks relationships, thus trying to overcome barriers to internationalization related to their size (Zahra, 2005). Previous research reports a wide use of different kinds of networks (business vs. social, local vs. foreign) by small firms in the process of their internationalization (e.g., Kuhlmeier and Knight, 2010; Musteen et al., 2010, Dubois, 2016). Fletcher (2004) and Dubois (2016) stress the need to further investigate the relational context of small firms’ internationalization in order to understand how these firms start and manage their international expansion. Further, Dubois (2016) arguments for bringing in a geographical context for conceptualising the process of small firms’ internationalization and calls for more research to be done in order to get a better understanding of how the contextual elements influence the actions of individual actors.The proposed study takes into focus the context of cross-border regions, which implies that the firms located in such areas benefit from a spatial proximity to a neighbouring foreign market and its potential (Niebuhr and Stiller, 2004). However, the empirical evidence, obtained for various cross-border regions, often shows the contrary, i.e. that these areas are characterised with weak economic dynamism involving local firms, which do not benefit remarkably from a spatial proximity to a neighbouring foreign market (Leick, 2012). The purpose of this study is to generate a better understanding of the internationalization process of small firms originating from a cross-border region using the network perspective (Johansson and Matsson, 1988). In particular, the study aims to examine the role of relationships in the process of international expansion of firms located in the cross-border region Northern Fyrbodal (Sweden) – Southern Ostfold (Norway), with regard to their choice of the first and consequent markets, mode and time of internationalization.The study uses a multiple-case study design (Yin, 2014) and is built on empirical evidence collected via face-to-face semi-structured interviews with managers/owners/founders of seven small firms located both in Sweden and Norway in a relative proximity to the Swedish-Norwegian border. Preliminary findings suggest that both business and social networks are of extreme importance for small firms from a cross-border region with regards to the identification of international opportunities in foreign markets, making a decision to internationalize as well as the choice of mode of internationalization. It is found that local networks are equally important for small firms from cross border regions to reach distant markets as foreign networks. Reliance on social networks seem to contribute to exploring international opportunities by small firms in the neighbouring markets while reliance on business networks appear to help them to reach distant markets at early stages of internationalization.
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| 10. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-
(författare)
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Knowledge loss induced by organizational member turnover : a review of empirical literature, synthesis and future research directions (Part II)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Learning Organization. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0969-6474 .- 1758-7905. ; 30:2, s. 137-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this two-part study is to systematically review, analyze and critically synthesize the current state of empirical research on knowledge loss induced by organizational member turnover (KLT).Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on using a systematic literature review methodology reported in Part I.Findings – Part II of this study contributes to the advancement of KLT scholarship by offering: an integrative narrative of KLT coping and preventive mechanisms as well as factors affecting them; an organizing framework of KLT empirical literature; and suggestions for future research, which are discussed with respect to the content, based on the proposed framework and by extending contextual dimensions of “who”, “where” and “when”, as well as use of theories and methods.Research limitations/implications – This study has limitations related to inclusion/exclusion criteria used for creating the review sample and the “Antecedents–Phenomenon–Outcomes” logic used to synthesize the findings.Originality/value – Part II of this study offers a systematic synthesis of KLT empirical research with respect to KLT coping and preventive mechanisms and a discussion of opportunities for future research
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| 11. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-
(författare)
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Knowledge loss induced by organizational member turnover : a review of empirical literature, synthesis and future research directions (Part I)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Learning Organization. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0969-6474 .- 1758-7905. ; 30:2, s. 117-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this two-part study is to systematically review, analyze and critically synthesize the current state of empirical research on knowledge loss induced by organizational member turnover (KLT).Design/methodology/approach – A systematic literature review was conducted based on 91 empiricalstudies on KLT.Findings – Part I of the study contributes to the advancement of KLT scholarship by mapping key developments in empirical research on KLT (publication trends, methodological and theoretical foci, heterogeneity of geographical, industrial and organizational contexts); encapsulating KLT antecedents associated with both voluntary and involuntary turnover; and revealing a broad scope of KLT effects at organizational and unit level.Research limitations/implications – This study has limitations related to inclusion/exclusion criteriaused for creating the review sample and the “Antecedents–Phenomenon–Outcomes” logic used to synthesize the findings.Originality/value – Part I of the study offers a systematic synthesis of KLT empirical research with respect to KLT antecedents, outcomes and factors affecting them.
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| 12. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-
(författare)
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" One foot in industry, the other in academia " : Why professional services want adjunct professors as employees?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Baltic Journal of Management. - 1746-5265 .- 1746-5273. ; 4:13, s. 433-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine professional service firms'€™ (PSFs) motives and benefits related to their engagement in knowledge transfer interactions with universities via their employees also acting as adjunct professors (APs).Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a qualitative approach relying mainly on data collected via semi-structured interviews with both top managers and APs employed by five engineering consultancies operating in Sweden. Findings The findings suggest that, while seeking stability is the major determinant of engagement in relations with universities via APs, PSFs highpoint the significance of reciprocity and legitimacy motives. The most substantial benefits appear to be related to firms’ access to academic research, core competencies and human resource development as well as marketing outcomes. Benefits are found to be dynamic in character with higher-order benefits being generated by low-order over time. Research limitations/implications The findings rely on a small sample of PSFs and should be verified by future research with larger samples of PSFs operating in a broader range of industries and national contexts. Practical implications The study results may be of interest to managers of both firms and universities interested in establishing, formalising or broadening university-industry interactions. Originality/value The study advances the current knowledge on the rationales of service firms engaged in various university-industry knowledge transfer interactions by making empirical and conceptual contributions to the understanding of adjunct professorship as a particular form of such interactions.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Use of Social Media Based Assignments in Teaching International Marketing : Results and Reflections
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Cross-Cultural Business Conference 2015, 21-22 May, School of Management, University of Applied Sciences of Upper Austria, Steyr Campus. - Aachen : Shaker Verlag. - 9783844036466 ; , s. 233-242
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes the implementation of a social media based assignment (blogging in a LinkedIn discussion group) within an international marketing course for an international group of students and presents the students’ perceptions of the assignment. The results indicate that the students had very positive attitudes towards blogging within the online discussion group and perceived it as a more interesting and more effective activity than traditional written assignments. LinkedIn blogging perceptibly contributed to the students’ acquisition of knowledge in the subject area, development of multicultural awareness and writing skills, improvement of critical thinking, reasoning, analysis and interpretation. In most cases this type of activity had an impact on the development of the students’ creativity and personal expression. Some patterns (as an increased motivation to work harder while learning, feeling of comfort/discomfort in the online learning environment) are only identified for a subgroup of Chinese students.Key words: Social media, LinkedIn, Blogs, International Marketing, Experiential learning
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| 15. |
- Galan, Nataliya, 1973-
(författare)
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Work-place learning : A way to develop entrepreneurial employees
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Conference on Work Integrated Learning. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325302 ; , s. 78-79
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The current study has its starting point of departure in a broader understanding of entrepreneurship, which acknowledges that new entrepreneurial opportunities can be recognised and pursued by individuals in different ways. Thus, it can be done by establishing new ventures or by identifying and developing such opportunities within existing organisations (Shane & Venkataraman, 2000). Irrespective of its form, entrepreneurship can be understood as a behavioural process, which implies that individuals, engaged in this process, are involved (alone or in teams) in a broad range of goal-oriented activities. Previous research in the stream, predominantly focusing on venture creation behaviours, recognises that entrepreneurs, through different learning experiences, develop knowledge enabling them to recognise and pursue entrepreneurial opportunities (Politis, 2005; Politis et al., 2019). This reasoning should be equally relevant to entrepreneurial behaviour of employees within existing organisations (Bosma et al., 2012). Entrepreneurial employees, who can also be referred to as intrapreneurs (Bosma et al., 2012), commonly demonstrate behaviours, which are similar to those of entrepreneurs, i.e., proactiveness, risk -taking, and innovativeness (Antoncic & Hisrich, 2003). These employees are expected to contribute most to the value creation in their employing organizations by acting at the organisational “frontier” and “not the core” (Antoncic & Hisrich, 2003). Such behaviours enable their employing organisations to “depa rt from the customary” (Antoncic & Hisrich, 2003).Intrapreneurs are viewed as exceptional learners (Lackéus et al., 2020), who learn from multiple sources (colleagues, partners, competitors and other stakeholders) as well as through multiple experiences (e.g., observing, doing, re-doing) (Lackéus et al., 2020). Further, several studies emphasize the importance of work -related contexts for developing of intrapreneurial behaviour of employees and suggest that both formal (Mustafa et al., 2018) and informal learning (Keith et al., 2016) opportunities at work play an important role in transforming relevant experiences into entrepreneurial knowledge and herewith shaping entrepreneurial behaviour of employees. At the same time, rigid organisational structures and cultures, certain types of work task design as well as job role clarity may also affect the process of “intrapreneurial” learning in existing organisations (de Jong et al., 2015). This indicates that intrapreneurial learning, being a form of entrepreneurial learning, may develop in a different, compared to entrepreneurial learning, way and, accordingly, have specific dimensions. However, previous research provides limited understanding of how entrepreneurial employees learn at their workplaces (Manuti et al., 2015) as well as where (e.g., within/outside organisational boundaries) (Manuti et al., 2015). The current study aims, via integration of entrepreneurial learning, entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship, and workplace learning literature to advance the current understanding of the role of workplace learning in developing entrepreneurial employees. In doing so, the study adopts a broad approach to defining workplace learning (Stern & Sommerlad, 1999), acknowledging that there exist different degrees of separation between ‘learning’ and ‘work’. Thus, this implies that learning activities can occur within and outside organisational boundaries, as well as they can be integrated with or disintegrated from working tasks and assignments (e.g., Galan, 2018).The study results suggest that intrapreneurial behaviours of employees appear to be the outcome of employees learning through their work tasks which have multiple roles in the process of such learning. First, through their work tasks employees in existing organisations are likely to be exposed to various learning opportunities (both within and outside organisational boundaries). Second, the work task–learning opportunity fit appears to increase the employees’ engagement in learning opportunities and, thus, trigger their pursuit. Finally, task novelty is suggested to moderate the relationship between the pursuit of learning opportunities by employees and developing by them intrapreneurial behaviours. The study contributes to the literature on entrepreneurial learning in existing organisations by clarifying the enabling role of work tasks in this process and incorporating two features of work tasks, namely their fit to learning opportunities and novelty. Future research is encouraged to incorporate other characteristics of work tasks, such as task variety, task complexity, task scope, task importance, task structuredness as well as empirically test newly established relationships.
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| 16. |
- Molinaro, Antonio, et al.
(författare)
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Imidazole propionate is increased in diabetes and associated with dietary patterns and altered microbial ecology
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microbiota-host-diet interactions contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. Imidazole propionate is a novel microbially produced metabolite from histidine, which impairs glucose metabolism. Here, we show that subjects with prediabetes and diabetes in the MetaCardis cohort from three European countries have elevated serum imidazole propionate levels. Furthermore, imidazole propionate levels were increased in subjects with low bacterial gene richness and Bacteroides 2 enterotype, which have previously been associated with obesity. The Bacteroides 2 enterotype was also associated with increased abundance of the genes involved in imidazole propionate biosynthesis from dietary histidine. Since patients and controls did not differ in their histidine dietary intake, the elevated levels of imidazole propionate in type 2 diabetes likely reflects altered microbial metabolism of histidine, rather than histidine intake per se. Thus the microbiota may contribute to type 2 diabetes by generating imidazole propionate that can modulate host inflammation and metabolism.
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| 17. |
- Politis, Diamanto, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurial learning in venture acceleration programs
- 2019
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Ingår i: Learning Organization. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0969-6474 .- 1758-7905. ; 26:6, s. 588-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study aims to better understand entrepreneurial learning in the context of venture acceleration programs.Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative research strategy was used based on multiple in-depth interviews with 21 lead entrepreneurs complemented with participatory observations and secondary sources. The data were inductively analysed following the Gioia methodology (Gioia et al., 2012).Findings: The authors build on experiential learning theory to generate a process-focussed model exploring the learning dynamics that venture acceleration programs can facilitate. In this model, the authors identify three catalysts that trigger processes of experiential learning and two contingencies that alleviate the effects of the catalysts on learning outcomes. The findings suggest that the potential of venture acceleration programs to be effective learning environments pends on the presence and quality of these catalysts and contingencies.Originality/value: The findings provide novel insights on how venture acceleration programs trigger entrepreneurial learning, thereby offering a deeper understanding of the learning dynamics in this setting. © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Siverbo, Sven, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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#metoo-management
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För ett drygt år sedan inleddes #metoo-rörelsen, vilken påminner oss om att det finns brister i samhället även om allt ser bra ut på ytan. Mycket talar för att #metoo inte är en övergående fluga. Det handlar inte om en samordnad aktion med ett tydligt mål och det finns heller ingen ledare för rörelsen. #metoo är en självorganiserad rörelse, ett sätt att synliggöra det som under snart sagt hela mänsklighetens historia har förtigits, förnekats och bagatelliserats trots att alla har vetat. Den här rapporten belyser #metoo-rörelsens inverkan på organisationer ur ett managementperspektiv. Vi är intresserade av fenomenet #metoo-management, vilket vi definierar som organisationers arbete med att förebygga och hantera sexuella trakasserier som en följd av #metoo-rörelsen. Det första syftet med rapporten är att ta reda på om #metoo-management förekommer. Det andra syftet är att utforska hur organisationer arbetar med #metoo-management. Det tredje syftet är att förklara varför organisationer väljer att arbeta med #metoo- management på olika sätt. Baserat på intervjuer med företrädare för tio organisationer – i flera fall väldigt olika – har vi konstaterat att #metoo-rörelsen har gett upphov till #metoo- management. Mer precist handlar #metoo-management om flera olika åtgärder och aktiviteter. Organisationer har återupprepat och preciserat sina programförklaringar mot sexuella trakasserier. Programmen har fått förnyad spridning på arbetsplatserna och ytterligare åtgärder för programefterlevnad har vidtagits. Procedurer för klagomålshantering har utvecklats, utbildningar har initierats och riskfaktorer har identifierats och reducerats. Inte minst har förekomsten av problem med sexuella trakasserier inventerats. Något överraskande kunde vi notera att det inte fanns något exempel på att programmen mot sexuella trakasserier utvärderades och att det saknades planer för att minska beroendeförhållanden mellan chefer och anställda i de organisationer där dessa var betydande. Det är viktigt att betona att det finns betydande skillnader mellan organisationer i hur intensivt arbetet med #metoo-management har bedrivits. Skillnaderna förefaller bero på flera olika faktorer. En är att incidensen av sexuella trakasserier är olika och en annan att organisationer gör olika bedömningar av hur stor skada uppdagade fall skulle göra på arbetsgivarvarumärket. Ytterligare förklaringar till intensiteten i arbetet är skillnader i hur ambitiöst arbetet har varit innan #metoo- rörelsen och att det i vissa organisationer finns större kunskaper om riskfaktorer än i andra. Slutligen förefaller organisationens storlek och synlighet spela roll genom att de är mer påpassade och därför har större anledning att undvika problem som väcker negativ uppmärksamhet
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