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Sökning: WFRF:(Gao Jie)

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1.
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2.
  • Ablikim, M., et al. (författare)
  • Search for h(c) -> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi via psi(3686) -> pi(0)pi(+)pi(-) J/psi
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 97:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Using a data sample of 448.1 x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII, we perform search for the hadronic transition h(c)-> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi via psi (3686) -> pi(0)hc. No signals of the transition are observed, and the upper limit on the product branching fraction B(sigma(3686) -> pi(0)h(c))B(h(c) -> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi) at the 90% confidence level (C. L.) is determined to be 2.0 x 10(-6). This is the most stringent upper limit to date.
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3.
  • 2019
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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4.
  • de las Fuentes, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel blood pressure loci
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26:6, s. 2111-2125
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Educational attainment is widely used as a surrogate for socioeconomic status (SES). Low SES is a risk factor for hypertension and high blood pressure (BP). To identify novel BP loci, we performed multi-ancestry meta-analyses accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions using two variables, “Some College” (yes/no) and “Graduated College” (yes/no). Interactions were evaluated using both a 1 degree of freedom (DF) interaction term and a 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Analyses were performed for systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. We pursued genome-wide interrogation in Stage 1 studies (N = 117 438) and follow-up on promising variants in Stage 2 studies (N = 293 787) in five ancestry groups. Through combined meta-analyses of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 84 known and 18 novel BP loci at genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8). Two novel loci were identified based on the 1DF test of interaction with educational attainment, while the remaining 16 loci were identified through the 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Ten novel loci were identified in individuals of African ancestry. Several novel loci show strong biological plausibility since they involve physiologic systems implicated in BP regulation. They include genes involved in the central nervous system-adrenal signaling axis (ZDHHC17, CADPS, PIK3C2G), vascular structure and function (GNB3, CDON), and renal function (HAS2 and HAS2-AS1, SLIT3). Collectively, these findings suggest a role of educational attainment or SES in further dissection of the genetic architecture of BP.
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5.
  • Kristanl, Matej, et al. (författare)
  • The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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7.
  • Duan, Chen, et al. (författare)
  • Comparative analysis of gene expression profiles between primary knee osteoarthritis and an osteoarthritis endemic to Northwestern China, Kashin-Beck disease.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 62:3, s. 771-780
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in gene expression profiles of adult articular cartilage from patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) versus those with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA).METHODS: The messenger RNA expression profiles of articular cartilage from patients with KBD, diagnosed according to the clinical criteria for KBD in China, were compared with those of cartilage from patients with OA, diagnosed according to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index. Total RNA was isolated separately from 4 pairs of the KBD and OA cartilage samples, and the expression profiles were evaluated by Agilent 4x44k Whole Human Genome density oligonucleotide microarray analysis. The microarray data for selected transcripts were confirmed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification.RESULTS: For 1.2 x 10(4) transcripts, corresponding to 58.4% of the expressed transcripts, 2-fold changes in differential expression were revealed. Expression levels higher in KBD than in OA samples were observed in a mean + or - SD 6,439 + or - 1,041 (14.6 + or - 2.4%) of the transcripts, and expression levels were lower in KBD than in OA samples in 6,147 + or - 1,222 (14.2 + or - 2.8%) of the transcripts. After application of the selection criteria, 1.85% of the differentially expressed genes (P < 0.001 between groups) were detected. These included 233 genes, of which 195 (0.4%) were expressed at higher levels and 38 (0.08%) were expressed at lower levels in KBD than in OA cartilage. Comparisons of the quantitative RT-PCR data supported the validity of our microarray data.CONCLUSION: Differences between KBD and OA cartilage exhibited a similar pattern among all 4 of the pairs examined, indicating the presence of disease mechanisms, mainly chondrocyte matrix metabolism, cartilage degeneration, and apoptosis induction pathways, which contribute to cartilage destruction in KBD.
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8.
  • Evangelou, Evangelos, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:10, s. 1412-1425
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
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9.
  • Fan, Qunping, et al. (författare)
  • Unidirectional Sidechain Engineering to Construct Dual-Asymmetric Acceptors for 19.23 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss and Efficient Charge Transfer
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 62:36
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Achieving both high open-circuit voltage (V-oc) and short-circuit current density (J(sc)) to boost power-conversion efficiency (PCE) is a major challenge for organic solar cells (OSCs), wherein high energy loss (E-loss) and inefficient charge transfer usually take place. Here, three new Y-series acceptors of mono-asymmetric asy-YC11 and dual-asymmetric bi-asy-YC9 and bi-asy-YC12 are developed. They share the same asymmetric D(1)AD(2) (D-1=thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and D-2=selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophene) fused-core but have different unidirectional sidechain on D-1 side, allowing fine-tuned molecular properties, such as intermolecular interaction, packing pattern, and crystallinity. Among the binary blends, the PM6 : bi-asy-YC12 one has better morphology with appropriate phase separation and higher order packing than the PM6 : asy-YC9 and PM6 : bi-asy-YC11 ones. Therefore, the PM6 : bi-asy-YC12-based OSCs offer a higher PCE of 17.16 % with both high V-oc and J(sc), due to the reduced E-loss and efficient charge transfer properties. Inspired by the high V-oc and strong NIR-absorption, bi-asy-YC12 is introduced into efficient binary PM6 : L8-BO to construct ternary OSCs. Thanks to the broadened absorption, optimized morphology, and furtherly minimized E-loss, the PM6 : L8-BO : bi-asy-YC12-based OSCs achieve a champion PCE of 19.23 %, which is one of the highest efficiencies among these annealing-free devices. Our developed unidirectional sidechain engineering for constructing bi-asymmetric Y-series acceptors provides an approach to boost PCE of OSCs.
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10.
  • Feitosa, Mary F., et al. (författare)
  • Novel genetic associations for blood pressure identified via gene-alcohol interaction in up to 570K individuals across multiple ancestries
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library science. - 1932-6203. ; 13:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for hypertension; the mechanism by which alcohol consumption impact blood pressure (BP) regulation remains unknown. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study accounting for gene-alcohol consumption interaction for BP might identify additional BP loci and contribute to the understanding of alcohol-related BP regulation. We conducted a large two-stage investigation incorporating joint testing of main genetic effects and single nucleotide variant (SNV)-alcohol consumption interactions. In Stage 1, genome-wide discovery meta-analyses in approximate to 131 K individuals across several ancestry groups yielded 3,514 SNVs (245 loci) with suggestive evidence of association (P <1.0 x 10(-5)). In Stage 2, these SNVs were tested for independent external replication in individuals across multiple ancestries. We identified and replicated (at Bonferroni correction threshold) five novel BP loci (380 SNVs in 21 genes) and 49 previously reported BP loci (2,159 SNVs in 109 genes) in European ancestry, and in multi-ancestry meta-analyses (P < 5.0 x 10(-8)). For African ancestry samples, we detected 18 potentially novel BP loci (P< 5.0 x 10(-8)) in Stage 1 that warrant further replication. Additionally, correlated meta-analysis identified eight novel BP loci (11 genes). Several genes in these loci (e.g., PINX1, GATA4, BLK, FTO and GABBR2 have been previously reported to be associated with alcohol consumption. These findings provide insights into the role of alcohol consumption in the genetic architecture of hypertension.
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11.
  • Gao, Lingfeng, et al. (författare)
  • A Facile Approach for Elemental-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Application for Efficient Photodetectors
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Small. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 17:52
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present work demonstrates a facile hydrothermal approach to synthesize lanthanide-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with europium and/or gadolinium elements. Taking the advantage of broadband adsorption in the ultraviolet-visible region, the doped QDs are directly used as building blocks for photo-electrochemical (PEC)-type photodetectors (PDs) and their performance is systematically investigated under various conditions. The europium (Eu) and gadolinium (Gd) co-doped (C:EuGd) QDs exhibit better photo-response than the single-elemental doped ones and also show outstanding long-term stability. According to the apparent response to light from 350 to 400 nm, the C:EuGd QDs are demonstrated to hold great potential for narrow-band PDs. This work highlights the practical applications of lanthanide-doped CQDs for PDs, and the results are beneficial for the development of elemental-doped CQDs in general.
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12.
  • Kristan, Matej, et al. (författare)
  • The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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13.
  • Sung, Yun Ju, et al. (författare)
  • A multi-ancestry genome-wide study incorporating gene-smoking interactions identifies multiple new loci for pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 28:15, s. 2615-2633
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Elevated blood pressure (BP), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking is one such lifestyle factor. Across five ancestries, we performed a genome-wide gene–smoking interaction study of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 129 913 individuals in stage 1 and follow-up analysis in 480 178 additional individuals in stage 2. We report here 136 loci significantly associated with MAP and/or PP. Of these, 61 were previously published through main-effect analysis of BP traits, 37 were recently reported by us for systolic BP and/or diastolic BP through gene–smoking interaction analysis and 38 were newly identified (P < 5 × 10−8, false discovery rate < 0.05). We also identified nine new signals near known loci. Of the 136 loci, 8 showed significant interaction with smoking status. They include CSMD1 previously reported for insulin resistance and BP in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. Many of the 38 new loci show biologic plausibility for a role in BP regulation. SLC26A7 encodes a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger expressed in the renal outer medullary collecting duct. AVPR1A is widely expressed, including in vascular smooth muscle cells, kidney, myocardium and brain. FHAD1 is a long non-coding RNA overexpressed in heart failure. TMEM51 was associated with contractile function in cardiomyocytes. CASP9 plays a central role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Identified only in African ancestry were 30 novel loci. Our findings highlight the value of multi-ancestry investigations, particularly in studies of interaction with lifestyle factors, where genomic and lifestyle differences may contribute to novel findings.
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14.
  • Surendran, Praveen, et al. (författare)
  • Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 52:12, s. 1314-1332
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Genetic studies of blood pressure (BP) to date have mainly analyzed common variants (minor allele frequency > 0.05). In a meta-analysis of up to similar to 1.3 million participants, we discovered 106 new BP-associated genomic regions and 87 rare (minor allele frequency <= 0.01) variant BP associations (P < 5 x 10(-8)), of which 32 were in new BP-associated loci and 55 were independent BP-associated single-nucleotide variants within known BP-associated regions. Average effects of rare variants (44% coding) were similar to 8 times larger than common variant effects and indicate potential candidate causal genes at new and known loci (for example, GATA5 and PLCB3). BP-associated variants (including rare and common) were enriched in regions of active chromatin in fetal tissues, potentially linking fetal development with BP regulation in later life. Multivariable Mendelian randomization suggested possible inverse effects of elevated systolic and diastolic BP on large artery stroke. Our study demonstrates the utility of rare-variant analyses for identifying candidate genes and the results highlight potential therapeutic targets.
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15.
  • Wain, Louise V., et al. (författare)
  • Novel Blood Pressure Locus and Gene Discovery Using Genome-Wide Association Study and Expression Data Sets From Blood and the Kidney
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Hypertension. - 0194-911X .- 1524-4563. ; 70:3, s. e4-e19
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has a substantial genetic contribution. Genetic variation influencing blood pressure has the potential to identify new pharmacological targets for the treatment of hypertension. To discover additional novel blood pressure loci, we used 1000 Genomes Project-based imputation in 150 134 European ancestry individuals and sought significant evidence for independent replication in a further 228 245 individuals. We report 6 new signals of association in or near HSPB7, TNXB, LRP12, LOC283335, SEPT9, and AKT2, and provide new replication evidence for a further 2 signals in EBF2 and NFKBIA. Combining large whole-blood gene expression resources totaling 12 607 individuals, we investigated all novel and previously reported signals and identified 48 genes with evidence for involvement in blood pressure regulation that are significant in multiple resources. Three novel kidney-specific signals were also detected. These robustly implicated genes may provide new leads for therapeutic innovation.
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16.
  • Wu, Ya-Ting, et al. (författare)
  • Monitoring bisphenol A and its biodegradation in water using a fluorescent molecularly imprinted chemosensor.
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1298 .- 0045-6535. ; 119, s. 515-523
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper, we present a simple and rapid method for monitoring bisphenol A (BPA) and its biodegradation in environmental water using a fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer chemosensor (fMIPcs). A fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer (fMIP) was first synthesized by precipitation polymerization method using BPA as template, dansyl methacrylate as functional monomer. Then a fMIPcs was constructed by combining the fMIP with a fluorescent microplate reader. The fMIPcs displayed selective, concentration-dependent fluorescence quenching in response to BPA in water even in the existence of interferences, thereby allowing reliable high through-put quantification of BPA via simple fluorescence measurements. The fMIPcs was able to directly quantify BPA (from 10 to 2000μgL(-1)) in different environmental water samples (distilled water, distilled water containing heavy metals and humic acid, tap water, and river water) with high accuracy, and to monitor BPA biodegradation in real-time. Using the fMIPcs, it was possible to achieve fast analytical results with lower limit of detection for BPA (3μgL(-1)) from smaller sample volume (250μL), which are superior to many relevant methods reported in the literature. Moreover, BPA levels and biodegradation rates measured by fMIPcs are comparable to the instrument-based method (HPLC). The fMIPcs developed in this work offers a new solution for simple, rapid, accurate and high through-put BPA quantification, and makes it possible to monitor BPA biodegradation in real time.
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17.
  • You, Xiaohu, et al. (författare)
  • Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Science China Information Sciences. - : Science Press. - 1674-733X .- 1869-1919. ; 64:1
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability, and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation (6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6 GHz, millimeter wave (mmWave), terahertz (THz), and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears.
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18.
  • Yuan, Qin, et al. (författare)
  • Aridification signatures from fossil pollen indicate a drying climate in east-central Tibet during the late Eocene
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - Vienna : European Geosciences Union (EGU). - 1744-9588 .- 1814-9332 .- 1814-9324. ; 16, s. 2255-2273
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Central Asia experienced a number of significant elevational and climatic changes during the Cenozoic, but much remains to be understood regarding the timing and driving mechanisms of these changes as well as their influence on ancient ecosystems. Here, we describe the palaeoecology and palaeoclimate of a new section from the Nangqian Basin in Tibet, north-western China, dated as Bartonian (41.2–37.8 Ma; late Eocene) based on our palynological analyses. Located on the east-central part of what is today the Tibetan Plateau, this section is excellently placed for better understanding the palaeoecological history of Tibet following the Indo-Asian collision. Our new palynological record reveals that a strongly seasonal steppe–desert ecosystem characterized by drought-tolerant shrubs, diverse ferns, and an underlying component of broad-leaved forests existed in east-central Tibet during the Eocene, influenced by a southern monsoon. A transient warming event, possibly the middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO; 40 Ma), is reflected in our record by a temporary increase in regional tropical taxa and a concurrent decrease in steppe–desert vegetation. In the late Eocene, a drying signature in the palynological record is linked to proto-Paratethys Sea retreat, which caused widespread long-term aridification across the region. To better distinguish between local climatic variation and farther-reaching drivers of Central Asian palaeoclimate and elevation, we correlated key palynological sections across the Tibetan Plateau by means of established radioisotopic ages and biostratigraphy. This new palynozonation illustrates both intra- and inter-basinal floral response to Qinghai–Tibetan uplift and global climate change during the Paleogene, and it provides a framework for the age assignment of future palynological studies in Central Asia. Our work highlights the ongoing challenge of integrating various deep time records for the purpose of reconstructing palaeoelevation, indicating that a multi-proxy approach is vital for unravelling the complex uplift history of Tibet and its resulting influence on Asian climate.
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19.
  • Aronov, Boris, et al. (författare)
  • Are Friends of My Friends Too Social? Limitations of Location Privacy in a Socially-Connected World
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2018 THE NINETEENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKING AND COMPUTING (MOBIHOC 18). - New York, NY, USA : ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY. - 9781450357708 ; , s. 280-289
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • With the ubiquitous adoption of smartphones and mobile devices, it is now common practice for ones location to be sensed, collected and likely shared through social platforms. While such data can be helpful for many applications, users start to be aware of the privacy issue in handling location and trajectory data. While some users may voluntarily share their location information (e.g., for receiving location-based services, or for crowdsourcing systems), their location information may lead to information leaks about the whereabouts of other users, through the co-location of events when two users are at the same location at the same time and other side information, such as upper bounds of movement speed. It is therefore crucial to understand how much information one can derive about others positions through the co-location of events and occasional GPS location leaks of some of the users. In this paper we formulate the problem of inferring locations of mobile agents, present theoretically-proven bounds on the amount of information that could be leaked in this manner, study their geometric nature, and present algorithms matching these bounds. We will show that even if a very weak set of assumptions is made on trajectories patterns, and users are not obliged to follow any reasonable patterns, one could infer very accurate estimation of users locations even if they opt not to share them. Furthermore, this information could be obtained using almost linear-time algorithms, suggesting the practicality of the method even for huge volumes of data.
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20.
  • Bao, Chunxiong, 1986-, et al. (författare)
  • A multifunctional display based on photo-responsive perovskite light-emitting diodes
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: NATURE ELECTRONICS. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2520-1131.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Current display screens are typically only used for information display, but can have a range of different sensors integrated into them for functions such as touch control, ambient light sensing and fingerprint sensing. Photo-responsive light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which can display information and respond to light excitation, could be used to develop future ultra-thin and large screen-to-body ratio screens. However, photo-response is difficult to achieve with conventional display technologies. Here, we report a multifunctional display that uses photo-responsive metal halide perovskite LEDs as pixels. The perovskite LED display can be simultaneously used as a touch screen, ambient light sensor and image sensor (including for fingerprint drawing) without integrating any additional sensors. The light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of the pixels also allow the display to act as a photovoltaic device that can charge the equipment. Photo-responsive metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes can be used to create a multifunctional display that can function as a touch screen, ambient light sensor and image sensor.
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21.
  • Bao, Chunxiong, et al. (författare)
  • Bidirectional optical signal transmission between two identical devices using perovskite diodes
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: NATURE ELECTRONICS. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2520-1131. ; 3:3, s. 156-164
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A solution-processed perovskite diode that functions as both optical transmitter and receiver can be used to build a monolithic pulse sensor and a bidirectional optical communication system. The integration of optical signal generation and reception into one device-thus allowing a bidirectional optical signal transmission between two identical devices-is of value in the development of miniaturized and integrated optoelectronic devices. However, conventional solution-processable semiconductors have intrinsic material and design limitations that prevent them from being used to create such devices with a high performance. Here we report an efficient solution-processed perovskite diode that is capable of working in both emission and detection modes. The device can be switched between modes by changing the bias direction, and it exhibits light emission with an external quantum efficiency of over 21% and a light detection limit on a subpicowatt scale. The operation speed for both functions can reach tens of megahertz. Benefiting from the small Stokes shift of perovskites, our diodes exhibit a high specific detectivity (more than 2 x 10(12) Jones) at its peak emission (~804 nm), which allows an optical signal exchange between two identical diodes. To illustrate the potential of the dual-functional diode, we show that it can be used to create a monolithic pulse sensor and a bidirectional optical communication system.
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22.
  • Bao, Chunxiong, et al. (författare)
  • High Performance and Stable All-Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskite-Based Photodetectors for Optical Communication Applications
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 30:38
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Photodetectors are critical parts of an optical communication system for achieving efficient photoelectronic conversion of signals, and the response speed directly determines the bandwidth of the whole system. Metal halide perovskites, an emerging class of low-cost solution-processed semiconductors, exhibiting strong optical absorption, low trap states, and high carrier mobility, are widely investigated in photodetection applications. Herein, through optimizing the device engineering and film quality, high-performance photodetectors based on all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite (CsPbIxBr3-x), which simultaneously possess high sensitivity and fast response, are demonstrated. The optimized devices processed from CsPbIBr2 perovskite show a practically measured detectable limit of about 21.5 pW cm(-2) and a fast response time of 20 ns, which are both among the highest reported device performance of perovskite-based photodetectors. Moreover, the photodetectors exhibit outstanding long-term environmental stability, with negligible degradation of the photoresponse property after 2000 h under ambient conditions. In addition, the resulting perovskite photodetector is successfully integrated into an optical communication system and its applications as an optical signal receiver on transmitting text and audio signals is demonstrated. The results suggest that all-inorganic metal halide perovskite-based photodetectors have great application potential for optical communication.
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23.
  • Bhat, Goutam, et al. (författare)
  • NTIRE 2022 Burst Super-Resolution Challenge
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: 2022 IEEE/CVF CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION WORKSHOPS (CVPRW 2022). - : IEEE. - 9781665487399 - 9781665487405 ; , s. 1040-1060
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Burst super-resolution has received increased attention in recent years due to its applications in mobile photography. By merging information from multiple shifted images of a scene, burst super-resolution aims to recover details which otherwise cannot be obtained using a simple input image. This paper reviews the NTIRE 2022 challenge on burst super-resolution. In the challenge, the participants were tasked with generating a clean RGB image with 4x higher resolution, given a RAW noisy burst as input. That is, the methods need to perform joint denoising, demosaicking, and super-resolution. The challenge consisted of 2 tracks. Track 1 employed synthetic data, where pixel-accurate high-resolution ground truths are available. Track 2 on the other hand used real-world bursts captured from a handheld camera, along with approximately aligned reference images captured using a DSLR. 14 teams participated in the final testing phase. The top performing methods establish a new state-of-the-art on the burst super-resolution task.
  •  
24.
  • Cao, Qing, et al. (författare)
  • On the predictability of daily rainfall during rainy season over the Huaihe River Basin
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Water. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4441. ; 11:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In terms of climate change and precipitation, there is large interest in how large-scale climatic features affect regional rainfall amount and rainfall occurrence. Large-scale climate elements need to be downscaled to the regional level for hydrologic applications. Here, a new Nonhomogeneous Hidden Markov Model (NHMM) called the Bayesian-NHMM is presented for downscaling and predicting of multisite daily rainfall during rainy season over the Huaihe River Basin (HRB). The Bayesian-NHMM provides a Bayesian method for parameters estimation. The model avoids the risk to have no solutions for parameter estimation, which often occurs in the traditional NHMM that uses point estimates of parameters. The Bayesian-NHMM accurately captures seasonality and interannual variability of rainfall amount and wet days during the rainy season. The model establishes a link between large-scale meteorological characteristics and local precipitation patterns. It also provides a more stable and efficient method to estimate parameters in the model. These results suggest that prediction of daily precipitation could be improved by the suggested new Bayesian-NHMM method, which can be helpful for water resources management and research on climate change.
  •  
25.
  • Chasman, Daniel I., et al. (författare)
  • Integration of genome-wide association studies with biological knowledge identifies six novel genes related to kidney function
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 21:24, s. 5329-5343
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In conducting genome-wide association studies (GWAS), analytical approaches leveraging biological information may further understanding of the pathophysiology of clinical traits. To discover novel associations with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of kidney function, we developed a strategy for integrating prior biological knowledge into the existing GWAS data for eGFR from the CKDGen Consortium. Our strategy focuses on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in genes that are connected by functional evidence, determined by literature mining and gene ontology (GO) hierarchies, to genes near previously validated eGFR associations. It then requires association thresholds consistent with multiple testing, and finally evaluates novel candidates by independent replication. Among the samples of European ancestry, we identified a genome-wide significant SNP in FBXL20 (P 5.6 10(9)) in meta-analysis of all available data, and additional SNPs at the INHBC, LRP2, PLEKHA1, SLC3A2 and SLC7A6 genes meeting multiple-testing corrected significance for replication and overall P-values of 4.5 10(4)2.2 10(7). Neither the novel PLEKHA1 nor FBXL20 associations, both further supported by association with eGFR among African Americans and with transcript abundance, would have been implicated by eGFR candidate gene approaches. LRP2, encoding the megalin receptor, was identified through connection with the previously known eGFR gene DAB2 and extends understanding of the megalin system in kidney function. These findings highlight integration of existing genome-wide association data with independent biological knowledge to uncover novel candidate eGFR associations, including candidates lacking known connections to kidney-specific pathways. The strategy may also be applicable to other clinical phenotypes, although more testing will be needed to assess its potential for discovery in general.
  •  
26.
  • Chen, Hong, et al. (författare)
  • PKU-3 : An HCI-Inclusive Aluminoborate for Strecker Reaction Solved by Combining RED and PXRD
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 137:22, s. 7047-7050
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A novel microporous aluminoborate, denoted as PKU-3, was prepared by the boric acid flux method. The structure of PKU-3 was determined by combining the rotation electron diffraction and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data with well resolved ordered Cl- ions in the channel. Composition and crystal structure analysis showed that there are both proton and chlorine ions in the channels. Part of these protons and chlorine ions can be washed away by basic solutions to activate the open pores. The washed PKU-3 can be used as an efficient catalyst in the Strecker reaction with yields higher than 90%.
  •  
27.
  • Chen, Hanwei, et al. (författare)
  • Tumor Volumes Measured From Static and Dynamic F-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Scan : Comparison of Different Methods Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging as the Criterion Standard
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of computer assisted tomography. - 0363-8715 .- 1532-3145. ; 38:2, s. 209-215
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of calculating the primary tumor volumes using a gradient-based method and fixed threshold methods on the standardized uptake value (SUV) maps and the net influx of FDG (Ki) maps from positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) images. Materials and Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancer were recruited, and dynamic PET-CT scan and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging were performed. The maps of Ki and SUV were calculated from PET-CT images. The tumor volumes were calculated using a gradient-based method and a fixed threshold method at 40% of maximal SUV or maximal Ki. Four kinds of volumes, VOLKi-Gra (from the Ki maps using the gradient-based method), VOLKi-40% (from the Ki maps using the threshold of 40% maximal Ki), VOLSUV-Gra (from the SUV maps using the gradient-based method), and VOLSUV-40% (from the SUV maps using the threshold of 40% maximal SUV), were acquired and compared with VOLMRI (the volumes acquired on T2-weighted images) using the Pearson correlation, paired t test, and similarity analysis. Results: Eighteen patients were studied, of which 4 had poorly defined tumors (PDT). The positron emission tomography-derived volumes were as follows: VOLSUV-40%, 2.1 to 41.2 cm(3) (mean [SD], 12.3 [10.6]); VOLSUV-Gra, 2.2 to 28.1 cm(3) (mean [SD], 13.2 [8.4]); VOLKi-Gra, 2.4 to 17.0 cm(3) (mean [SD], 9.5 [4.6]); and VOLKi-40%, 2.7 to 20.3 cm(3) (mean [SD], 12.0 [6.0]). The VOLMRI ranged from 2.9 to 18.1 cm(3) (mean [SD], 9.1 [3.9]). The VOLKi-Gra significantly correlated with VOLMRI with the highest correlation coefficient (PDT included, R = 0.673, P = 0.002; PDT excluded, R = 0.841, P < 0.001) and presented no difference from VOLMRI (P = 0.672 or 0.561, respectively, PDT included and excluded). The difference between VOLKi-Gra and VOLMRI was also the smallest. Conclusions: The tumor volumes delineated on the Ki maps using the gradient-based method are more accurate than those on the SUV maps and using the fixed threshold methods.
  •  
28.
  • Chen, Zhishan, et al. (författare)
  • Fine-mapping analysis including over 254 000 East Asian and European descendants identifies 136 putative colorectal cancer susceptibility genes
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 200 common genetic variants independently associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known CRC risk loci using GWAS data from 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of East Asian and European ancestry. Our stepwise conditional analyses revealed 238 independent association signals of CRC risk, each with a set of credible causal variants (CCVs), of which 28 signals had a single CCV. Our cis-eQTL/mQTL and colocalization analyses using colorectal tissue-specific transcriptome and methylome data separately from 1299 and 321 individuals, along with functional genomic investigation, uncovered 136 putative CRC susceptibility genes, including 56 genes not previously reported. Analyses of single-cell RNA-seq data from colorectal tissues revealed 17 putative CRC susceptibility genes with distinct expression patterns in specific cell types. Analyses of whole exome sequencing data provided additional support for several target genes identified in this study as CRC susceptibility genes. Enrichment analyses of the 136 genes uncover pathways not previously linked to CRC risk. Our study substantially expanded association signals for CRC and provided additional insight into the biological mechanisms underlying CRC development.
  •  
29.
  • Chen, Zhi, et al. (författare)
  • Large-Area Crystalline Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Thin Films
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 60:25, s. 14124-14130
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report that continuous MOF films with highly controlled thickness (from 44 to 5100 nm) can be deposited over length scales greater than 80 centimeters by a facile, fast, and cost-effective spray-coating method. Such success relies on our discovery of unprecedented perfectly dispersed colloidal solutions consisting of amorphous MOF nanoparticles, which we adopted as precursors that readily converted to the crystalline films upon low-temperature in situ heating. The colloidal solutions allow for the fabrication of compact and uniform MOF films on a great deal of substrates such as fluorine-doped tin oxide, glass, SiO2, Al2O3, Si, Cu, and even flexible polycarbonate, widening their technological applications where substrates are essential. Despite the present work focuses on the fabrication of uniform cobalt-(2-methylimidazole)2 and zinc-(2-methylimidazole)2 films, our findings mark a great possibility in producing other high-quality MOF thin films on a large scale.
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30.
  • Cui, Yong, et al. (författare)
  • Efficient Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells with Tunable Color enabled by an Ultralow-Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptor
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 29:43
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Semitransparent organic solar cells (OSCs) show attractive potential in power-generating windows. However, the development of semitransparent OSCs is lagging behind opaque OSCs. Here, an ultralow-bandgap non-fullerene acceptor, "IEICO-4Cl", is designed and synthesized, whose absorption spectrum is mainly located in the near-infrared region. When IEICO-4Cl is blended with different polymer donors (J52, PBDB-T, and PTB7-Th), the colors of the blend films can be tuned from purple to blue to cyan, respectively. Traditional OSCs with a nontransparent Al electrode fabricated by J52: IEICO-4Cl, PBDB-T: IEICO-4Cl, and PTB7-Th: IEICO-4Cl yield power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 9.65 +/- 0.33%, 9.43 +/- 0.13%, and 10.0 +/- 0.2%, respectively. By using 15 nm Au as the electrode, semitransparent OSCs based on these three blends also show PCEs of 6.37%, 6.24%, and 6.97% with high average visible transmittance (AVT) of 35.1%, 35.7%, and 33.5%, respectively. Furthermore, via changing the thickness of Au in the OSCs, the relationship between the transmittance and efficiency is studied in detail, and an impressive PCE of 8.38% with an AVT of 25.7% is obtained, which is an outstanding value in the semitransparent OSCs.
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31.
  • Daniel, Geoffrey, et al. (författare)
  • Insights into asynchronous changes of cell wall polymers accumulated in different cell types during conifer xylem differentiation
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - 0144-8617. ; 316
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An improved understanding of the events involved in cell wall polymers deposition during xylem development could provide new scientific ways for molecular regulation and biomass utilization. Axial and radial cells are spatially heterogeneous and have highly cross-correlated developmental behavior, whereas the deposition of corresponding cell wall polymers during xylem differentiation is less studied. To clarify our hypothesis that cell wall polymers of two cell types accumulated asynchronously, we performed hierarchical visualization, including label-free in situ spectral imaging of different polymer compositions during the development of Pinus bungeana. In axial tracheids, the deposition of cellulose and glucomannan was observed on earlier stages of secondary wall thickening than that of xylan and lignin, while xylan distribution was strongly related to spatial distribution of lignin during differentiation. The content of lignin and polysaccharides increased by over 130 % and 60 % respectively when the S3 layer was formed, compared to the S2 stage. In ray cells, the deposition of crystalline cellulose, xylan, and lignin was generally lagged compared to that in corresponding axial tracheids, although the process followed a similar order. The concentration of lignin and polysaccharides in ray cells was only approximately 50 % of that in the axial tracheids during secondary wall thickening.
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32.
  • de Vries, Paul S., et al. (författare)
  • Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Lipid Levels Incorporating Gene-Alcohol Interactions
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 188:6, s. 1033-1054
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A person's lipid profile is influenced by genetic variants and alcohol consumption, but the contribution of interactions between these exposures has not been studied. We therefore incorporated gene-alcohol interactions into a multiancestry genome-wide association study of levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. We included 45 studies in stage 1 (genome-wide discovery) and 66 studies in stage 2 (focused follow-up), for a total of 394,584 individuals from 5 ancestry groups. Analyses covered the period July 2014-November 2017. Genetic main effects and interaction effects were jointly assessed by means of a 2-degrees-of-freedom (df) test, and a 1-df test was used to assess the interaction effects alone. Variants at 495 loci were at least suggestively associated (P < 1 x 10(-6)) with lipid levels in stage 1 and were evaluated in stage 2, followed by combined analyses of stage 1 and stage 2. In the combined analysis of stages 1 and 2, a total of 147 independent loci were associated with lipid levels at P < 5 x 10(-8) using 2-df tests, of which 18 were novel. No genome-wide-significant associations were found testing the interaction effect alone. The novel loci included several genes (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1 (APOBEC1) complementation factor (A1CF)) that have a putative role in lipid metabolism on the basis of existing evidence from cellular and experimental models.
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33.
  • Dehvari, Nodi, et al. (författare)
  • The metabolic effects of mirabegron are mediated primarily by beta(3)-adrenoceptors
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives. - : Wiley. - 2052-1707. ; 8:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The beta(3)-adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron is approved for use for overactive bladder and has been purported to be useful in the treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases in humans, including those involving disturbances of glucose homeostasis. We investigated the effect of mirabegron on glucose homeostasis with in vitro and in vivo models, focusing on its selectivity at beta-adrenoceptors, ability to cause browning of white adipocytes, and the role of UCP1 in glucose homeostasis. In mouse brown, white, and brite adipocytes, mirabegron-mediated effects were examined on cyclic AMP, UCP1 mRNA, [H-3]-2-deoxyglucose uptake, cellular glycolysis, and O(2)consumption. Mirabegron increased cyclic AMP levels, UCP1 mRNA content, glucose uptake, and cellular glycolysis in brown adipocytes, and these effects were either absent or reduced in white adipocytes. In brite adipocytes, mirabegron increased cyclic AMP levels and UCP1 mRNA content resulting in increased UCP1-mediated oxygen consumption, glucose uptake, and cellular glycolysis. The metabolic effects of mirabegron in both brown and brite adipocytes were primarily due to actions at beta(3)-adrenoceptors as they were largely absent in adipocytes derived from beta(3)-adrenoceptor knockout mice. In vivo, mirabegron increased whole body oxygen consumption, glucose uptake into brown and inguinal white adipose tissue, and improved glucose tolerance, all effects that required the presence of the beta(3)-adrenoceptor. Furthermore, in UCP1 knockout mice, the effects of mirabegron on glucose tolerance were attenuated. Thus, mirabegron had effects on cellular metabolism in adipocytes that improved glucose handling in vivo, and were primarily due to actions at the beta(3)-adrenoceptor.
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34.
  • Du, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of rainfall intensity and slope on interception and precipitation partitioning by forest litter layer
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Catena. - : Elsevier BV. - 0341-8162. ; 172, s. 711-718
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Rainfall interception and other hydrologic processes affected by the forest litter layer are usually related to litter characteristics and rainfall conditions, with limited studies that consider the influence of slope. To simulate the hydrological functions of the litter layer at different slope gradients, artificial rainfall experiments were conducted at four rainfall intensities (from 30 to 120 mm hr−1) in horizontal and inclined trays (with the slope of 0° 10° 20° and 30°) with litter of Pinus tabuliformis or Quercus variabilis. The results indicated that (1) the dynamic process of litter interception had 3 phases: a rapid intercepted phase within the first 5 min, a moderate intercepted phase and a post-rainfall drainage phase; (2) the maximum interception storage (Cmax) and the minimum interception storage (Cmin) of Q. variabilis were larger than those of P. tabuliformis; (3) Cmax and Cmin were correlated with slope for both types of litter, whereas only Cmax was correlated with rainfall intensity; and (4) lateral flow amount significantly increased with both slope gradient and rainfall intensity only for Quercus variabilis, whereas drainage volume showed significant correlation with rainfall intensity. Moreover, the ratio of lateral runoff and drainage was affected by slope gradient whereas percentage of litter interception had a good relationship with rainfall intensity, rather than slope, with litter interception and drainage contributing the smallest and the largest proportions, respectively. Overall, the results demonstrate the effect of rainfall and slope factors on hydrological processes in the forest litter layer.
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35.
  • Fanidi, Anouar, et al. (författare)
  • Circulating Folate, Vitamin B6, and Methionine in Relation to Lung Cancer Risk in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3)
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press. - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 110:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Circulating concentrations of B vitamins and factors related to one-carbon metabolism have been found to be strongly inversely associated with lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The extent to which these associations are present in other study populations is unknown.Methods: Within 20 prospective cohorts from the National Cancer Institute Cohort Consortium, a nested case-control study was designed including 5364 incident lung cancer case patients and 5364 control subjects who were individually matched to case patients by age, sex, cohort, and smoking status. Centralized biochemical analyses were performed to measure circulating concentrations of vitamin B6, folate, and methionine, as well as cotinine as an indicator of recent tobacco exposure. The association between these biomarkers and lung cancer risk was evaluated using conditional logistic regression models.Results: Participants with higher circulating concentrations of vitamin B6 and folate had a modestly decreased risk of lung cancer risk overall, the odds ratios when comparing the top and bottom fourths (OR 4vs1 ) being 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.78 to 1.00) and 0.86 (95% CI = 0.74 to 0.99), respectively. We found stronger associations among men (vitamin B6: OR 4vs1 = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.89; folate: OR 4vs1 = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61 to 0.93) and ever smokers (vitamin B6: OR 4vs1 = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.67 to 0.91; folate: OR 4vs1 = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.73 to 1.03). We further noted that the association of folate was restricted to Europe/Australia and Asia, whereas no clear association was observed for the United States. Circulating concentrations of methionine were not associated with lung cancer risk overall or in important subgroups.Conclusions: Although confounding by tobacco exposure or reverse causation cannot be ruled out, these study results are compatible with a small decrease in lung cancer risk in ever smokers who avoid low concentrations of circulating folate and vitamin B6.
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36.
  • Feng, Boya, et al. (författare)
  • Structural and Functional Insights into the Mode of Action of a Universally Conserved Obg GTPase
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 12:5, s. e1001866-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Obg proteins are a family of P-loop GTPases, conserved from bacteria to human. The Obg protein in Escherichia coli (ObgE) has been implicated in many diverse cellular functions, with proposed molecular roles in two global processes, ribosome assembly and stringent response. Here, using pre-steady state fast kinetics we demonstrate that ObgE is an anti-association factor, which prevents ribosomal subunit association and downstream steps in translation by binding to the 50S subunit. ObgE is a ribosome dependent GTPase; however, upon binding to guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), the global regulator of stringent response, ObgE exhibits an enhanced interaction with the 50S subunit, resulting in increased equilibrium dissociation of the 70S ribosome into subunits. Furthermore, our cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the 50S? ObgE? GMPPNP complex indicates that the evolutionarily conserved N-terminal domain (NTD) of ObgE is a tRNA structural mimic, with specific interactions with peptidyl-transferase center, displaying a marked resemblance to Class I release factors. These structural data might define ObgE as a specialized translation factor related to stress responses, and provide a framework towards future elucidation of functional interplay between ObgE and ribosome-associated (p) ppGpp regulators. Together with published data, our results suggest that ObgE might act as a checkpoint in final stages of the 50S subunit assembly under normal growth conditions. And more importantly, ObgE, as a (p) ppGpp effector, might also have a regulatory role in the production of the 50S subunit and its participation in translation under certain stressed conditions. Thus, our findings might have uncovered an under-recognized mechanism of translation control by environmental cues.
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37.
  • Gao, Guangbin, et al. (författare)
  • Understanding filamentous cyanobacteria and their adaptive niches in Lake Honghu, a shallow eutrophic lake
  • 2025
  • Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Sciences (China). - 1001-0742. ; 152, s. 219-234
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Freshwater lakes globally are witnessing an escalation in the frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial harmful blooms. However, underlying factors influencing the succession or coexistence of cyanobacteria, especially filamentous ones, remain poorly understood. Lake Honghu, a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance with degrading aquatic ecological quality, served as a case study to elucidate the intricate relationship between environmental changes and cyanobacterial dynamics. Our analysis revealed a significant increase in the dominance of filamentous cyanobacteria, marked by high spatiotemporal variability in community structure. This dominance of filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria is attributed to a decrease in the ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to total phosphorus and their capacity to utilize organic phosphorus in phosphorus-deficient conditions. Species-specific density variations were linked to diverse environmental factors, with total nitrogen or total phosphorus concentration remaining as a crucial factor influencing dominant cyanobacterial density fluctuations. The dominance of low-temperature-tolerant Aphanizomenon and Pseudanabaena was evident in spring and winter, whereas Dolichospermum and Cylindrospermopsis, which prefer higher temperatures, thrived in summer and autumn. Additionally, non-algal turbidity and heterogeneity can potentially alter the competitive outcome among filamentous cyanobacteria or foster coexistence under conditions of elevated temperatures and nutrient limitation. This study predicts that filamentous cyanobacteria may spread and persist in lakes spanning a wide trophic range. Current findings enhance our comprehension of the dynamic responses exhibited by filamentous bloom-forming cyanobacteria in the face of environmental changes within shallow eutrophic lakes and provide valuable insights for lake managers involved in the remediation of degraded shallow lakes.
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38.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • A Study on Electrical Properties of Controlled Delamination Material
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Primarily used in aerospace applications, Controlled Delamination Material (CDM) has recently drawn attention to the traditional packaging industry due to its low-cost and electrical easy-open. Sinuate®, a CDM product, consists of two aluminum foils bonded together with a conductive epoxy adhesive. When applying a little electricity on its surface, the material can open easily without violence and release without residue. In this paper, a brief introduction on Sinuate® will be presented at first. And some test results on the electrical properties of the joint opening/detaching process will be shown and analyzed.
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39.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Chemical and ultrastructural changes in compound middle lamella (CML) regions of softwoods thermally modified by the Termovuoto process
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Holzforschung. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0018-3830 .- 1437-434X. ; 68, s. 849-859
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Silver fir and Norway spruce wood have been thermally modified (TMW) for 3-4 h at 160 degrees C, 180 degrees C, 200 degrees C, and 220 degrees C by means of the thermovacuum process (Termovuoto), and the ultrastructural and chemical changes in the compound middle lamella (CML), including the middle lamella cell corner (MLcc) regions (CMLcc), were investigated. Severe anatomical and histochemical changes were prominent above treatment temperatures of 200 degrees C; thus, woods treated at 220 degrees C for 4 h were in focus. Immunocytochemical studies showed that noncellulosic polysaccharides, such as pectin, xyloglucan, xylan, and mannan, were significantly degraded in CMLcc regions of TMWs. After treatment, the CMLcc regions were composed almost entirely of modified lignin with increased amounts of acidic groups. With cytochemical staining for lignin, many electron dense particulates were detected in the CMLcc regions of TMWs, indicating early degradation/alteration by the Termovuoto treatment.
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40.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Combined genotype and phenotype analyses reveal patterns of genomic adaptation to local environments in the subtropical oak Quercus acutissima
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Systematics and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1674-4918 .- 1759-6831. ; 59:3, s. 541-556
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Understanding the effects of the demographic dynamics and environmental heterogeneity on the genomic variation of forest species is important, not only for uncovering the evolutionary history of the species, but also for predicting their ability to adapt to climate change. In this study, we combined a common garden experiment with range‐wide population genomics analyses to infer the demographic history and characterize patterns of local adaptation in a subtropical oak species, Quercus acutissima (Carruthers). We scanned approximately 8% of the oak genome using a balanced representation of both genic and non‐genic regions and identified a total of 55 361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 167 trees. Genomic diversity analyses revealed an east–west split in the species distribution range. Coalescent‐based model simulations inferred a late Pleistocene divergence in Q. acutissima between the east and west groups as well as subsequent preglaciation population expansion events. Consistent with observed genetic differentiation, morphological traits also showed east–west differentiation and the biomass allocation in seedlings was significantly associated with precipitation. Environment was found to have a significant and stronger impact on the non‐neutral than the neutral SNPs, and also significantly associated with the phenotypic differentiation, suggesting that, apart from the geography, environment had played a role in determining non‐neutral and phenotypic variation. Our approach, which combined a common garden experiment with landscape genomics data, validated the hypothesis of local adaptation of this long‐lived oak tree of subtropical China. Our study joins the small number of studies that have combined genotypic and phenotypic data to detect patterns of local adaptation.
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41.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Decay resistance of softwoods and hardwoods thermally modified by the Thermovouto type thermo-vacuum process to brown rot and white rot fungi
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Holzforschung. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0018-3830 .- 1437-434X. ; 70, s. 877-884
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Softwoods (SW, spruce and fir) and hardwoods (HW, ash and beech) were thermally modified by the thermo-vacuum (Termovuoto) process for 3-4 h in the temperature range 160-220 degrees C (TMW160-220 degrees C) and their fungal durability were examined in soil-block tests with two brown rot (BR, Postia placenta, Gloeophyllum trabeum) and two white rot (WR, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Phlebia radiata) fungi. SW-TMW160-220 degrees C were exposed to P. placenta and P. sanguineus and HW-TMW190-220 degrees C to all fungal species. Considerable improvement (durability class 1-3) in decay resistance was only achieved for SW-and HW-TMW 220 degrees C. Thermal modification (TM) below 200 degrees C influenced decay resistance negatively in case of some fungal species applied for both SW and HW. Judged by the durability class, decay resistance was higher in HW- than in SW-TMW at high TM temperature. Behavior of TM differed significantly between ash (ring-porous HW) and beech (diffuse-porous HW). A comparison between results of soil-and agar-block tests on Termovouoto wood demonstrated that the influence of testing method in terms of assignment to durability classes is not significant.
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42.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Demography and speciation history of the homoploid hybrid pine Pinus densata on the Tibetan Plateau
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 21:19, s. 4811-4827
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pinus densata is an ecologically successful homoploid hybrid that inhabits vast areas of heterogeneous terrain on the south-eastern Tibetan Plateau as a result of multiple waves of colonization. Its region of origin, route of colonization onto the plateau and the directions of introgression with its parental species have previously been defined, but little is known about the isolation and divergence history of its populations. In this study, we surveyed nucleotide polymorphism over eight nuclear loci in 19 representative populations of P. densata and its parental species. Using this information and coalescence simulations, we assessed the historical changes in its population size, gene flow and divergence in time and space. The results indicate a late Miocene origin for P. densata associated with the recent uplift of south-eastern Tibet. The subsequent differentiation between geographical regions of this species began in the late Pliocene and was induced by regional topographical changes and Pleistocene glaciations. The ancestral P. densata population had a large effective population size but the central and western populations were established by limited founders, suggesting that there were severe bottlenecks during the westward migration out of the ancestral hybrid zone. After separating from their ancestral populations, population expansion occurred in all geographical regions especially in the western range. Gene flow in P. densata was restricted to geographically neighbouring populations, resulting in significant differentiation between regional groups. The new information on the divergence and demographic history of P. densata reported herein enhances our understanding of its speciation process on the Tibetan Plateau.
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43.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of thermal modification on the durability and decay patterns of hardwoods and softwoods exposed to soft rot fungi
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-8305. ; 127, s. 35-45
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The durability and decay patterns of thereto-vacuum (Terrnowoto process for 3-4 h at 160-220 degrees C) treated hardwoods (ash, beech) and softwoods (spruce, fir) TMWs exposed to three soft rot fungi (Chaetorniwn globoswn, Phialophom malorum, P. mutabilis) were investigated using the soil-block test, light- and electron microscopy. Monitoring of mass loss over 1 year indicated that soft rot fungi do not attack softwood TMWs as rapidly or as extensively as hardwood TMWs. Decay resistance progressively increased in hardwood TMWs with increase in temperature but was unclear/or varied in softwood TMWs depending on fungal/wood species, particularly at lower temperatures (160-180 degrees C). Soft- and hardwood TMWs showed a major increase in decay resistance at 200-220 degrees C and 210-220 degrees C, respectively. Light microscopy of decayed hardwood TMWs showed formation of typical soft rot Type-I cavities in fibres at lower temperatures (190-200 degrees C). However, cavities were significantly inhibited or delayed at higher temperatures (210-220 degrees C). Cavity formation in vessels and parenchyma cells were only observed in beech TMW treated at 190 degrees C or references, indicating higher resistance than fibres. Transmission electron microscopy of decayed ash TMW treated at 200 degrees C showed a radial-like distribution of electron dense materials in cavities and lack of fibrillar-like materials within degraded fibre walls, which differed from reference.
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44.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of thermal modification on the micromorphology of decay of hardwoods and softwoods by the white rot fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Holzforschung. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0018-3830 .- 1437-434X. ; 72, s. 797-811
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Thermal modification (TM) of wood at high temperatures can lead to significantly improved decay resistance against white rot (WR) fungi, but little is known about the mechanism of this improvement at the cellular level. As a contribution to this topic, hardwoods (HWs) (ash, beech) and softwoods (SWs) (spruce, fir) were submitted to the Termovuoto (R) TM process at 220 degrees C for 3-4 h (shortly TMW220 degrees c) and were degraded by the WR fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus. The results were studied using microscopy techniques. Decay occurred preferentially via cell wall delignification prior to the removal of cellulose and hemicelluloses. Concerning this effect and fungal colonization, there were no essential differences between TMW220 degrees c and the unmodified reference of all wood species. TMW220 degrees c, however, showed a number of characteristic changes in decay morphology. Narrow and distinct concentric transition zones were observable in decayed fiber and tracheid cell walls, which demark the lignified and delignified regions. Moreover, cell wall separation by preferential delignification of compound middle lamellae (CML) was not seen in decayed tracheids. It can be concluded that the Termovuoto TMW220 degrees c process has an impact on the delignification process of P. sanguineus at the cell wall level, which slows down the decay.
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45.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of Wood Quality Traits in Salix viminalis Useful for Biofuels: Characterization and Method Development
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Forests. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4907. ; 12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Salix (willow) is a well-known coppice plant that has been used as a source for bioenergy for decades. With recent developments in changing from a fossil-based to a circular bioeconomy, greater interest has been orientated towards willow as a potential source of biomass for transport biofuels. This has created increasing interest for breeding strategies to produce interesting genotypic and phenotypic traits in different willow varieties. In the present study, 326 genetically distinct clones and several commercial varieties of S. viminalis were analyzed using complementary approaches including density, chemical, image, histochemical, and morphometric analyses. A systematic approach was adopted whereby the basal regions of harvested stems were separated and used in all studies to aid comparisons. Density analyses were performed on all clone individuals, and from the results, 20 individual plants representing 19 clones were selected for the more in-depth analyses (chemical, image analysis, histochemical, and morphometric). The absolute dry density of the clones selected varied between ca. 300 and 660 kg/m3 with less variation seen in the commercial S. viminalis varieties (ca. 450–520 kg/m3). Selected clones for chemical analysis showed the largest variation in glucose (47.3–60.1%; i.e., cellulose) and total sugar content, which ranged between ca. 61 and 77% and only ca. 16 and 22% for lignin. Image analyses of entire basal stem sections showed presence of tension wood in variable amounts (ca. 7–39%) with characteristic G-fibers containing cellulose-rich and non-lignified gelatinous layers. Several of the clones showing prominent tension wood also showed high glucose and total sugar content as well as low lignin levels. A morphometric approach using an optical fiber analyzer (OFA) for analyzing 1000 s (minimum 100,000 particles) of macerated fibers was evaluated as a convenient tool for determining the presence of tension wood in stem samples. Statistical analyses showed that for S. viminalis stems of the same density and thickness, the OFA approach could separate tension wood fibers from normal wood fibers by length but not fiber width. Results emphasized considerable variability between the clones in the physical and chemical approaches adopted, but that a common aspect for all clones was the occurrence of tension wood. Since tension wood with G-fibers and cellulose-rich G-layers represents an increased source of readily available non-recalcitrant cellulose for biofuels, S. viminalis breeding programs should be orientated towards determining factors for its enhancement.
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46.
  • Gao, Jie (författare)
  • Intelligent and Interactive Package Based on RFID and WSN
  • 2011
  • Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    •    An intelligent and interactive package can interact with people smartly, safely and friendly. It involves many technologies such as electronics, optics, biologic, magnetics and electro-mechanics. By combined with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), intelligent and interactive packaging technology has been an emerging and global research topic over the years.    In this thesis, a new technology, named Controlled Delamination Material (CDM), is introduced. It was primarily used in aerospace applications in the past and further developed by Stora Enso AB. A CDM product can delaminate easily in a controlled way by the use of electrical current. This concept opens up many interesting application possibilities for the traditional packaging industry. In order to understand the delamination mechanism, some related work on the electrochemical characteristics of the material showed the possibility to facilitate the interactive packaging system design.    A paper-based package which is integrated with RFID system and CDM is presented to realize an intelligent and interactive system. It can be opened automatically through a finger touch. The opening action is controlled electrically by RFID system. The test results of the demonstration have proved feasibility of the solution and shown the potential for mass production.     Following this solution, an interactive pharmaceutical package for pervasive healthcare is proposed by using EPCglobal Gen2 RFID technology. A Gen2 RFID system significantly increases the efficiency of information exchange, and reduces the medication error rate and the possibility of sale counterfeit drugs. It makes the medication accessible for patient only at the prescribed dose and time, and at the same time, the information for the action of taking medication will be delivered to the doctor as well. Such interactive pharmaceutical package not only gives unprecedented high patient compliance, but also improves the communication between patients and healthcare staffs.     By integrating WSN with various bio-chemical sensors, in addition to temperature and moisture sensors, more kinds of information can be involved in the intelligent and interactive packaging communication system. It enhances the functionalities of the package such as rotecting the integrity and effectiveness of product, providing safety information details, and being child resistance, senior friendliness  
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47.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Interactive Packaging Solutions Based on RFIDTechnology and Controlled Delamination Material
  • 2010
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Interactive packaging is an emerging research area in recent years. It brings people convenient and smart lives, reduces consumption of traditional packaging materials and direct or indirect labor costs as well. Being integrated in interactive packaging, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology becomes one of the most proactive development enablers. In this paper, an interactive and intelligent packaging solution integrating passive RFID system and Controlled Delamination Material (CDM) is given at first. Package opening action is electrically controlled by the RFID system. CDM is primarily used in aerospace applications in the past and the conductor/adhesive joint can be easily opened by applying a little electric power on to the material. Some related works will be shown about the electrochemical characteristics of CDM in order to facilitate the system design. A demonstration system was developed and the test results have proved feasibility of the solution and shown the potential of low cost for mass production. Based on this solution, an interactive medication package for pervasive healthcare is further developed, using EPCglobal Gen2 RFID technology. It will make the medication being accessible for patient only at the prescribed dose and time, and medication taking information will be delivered as well. Such medication package will not only give unprecedented high patient compliance, but also improve the communication between patients and healthcare staffs.
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48.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Phylogeography and introgression between Pinus kesiya and Pinus yunnanensis in Southeast Asia
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Journal of Systematics and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1674-4918 .- 1759-6831. ; 62:1, s. 120-134
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Southeast Asia (SEA) has seen strong climatic oscillations and fluctuations in sea levels during the Quaternary. The impact of past climate changes on the evolution and distribution of local flora in SEA is still poorly understood. Here we aim to infer how the Quaternary climate change affects the evolutionary process and range shifts in two pine species. We investigated the population genetic structure and diversity using cytoplasmic DNA markers, and performed ecological niche modeling to reconstruct the species past distribution and to project range shift under future climates. We found substantial gene flow across the continuous distribution of the subtropical Pinus yunnanensis. In contrast, the tropical Pinus kesiya showed a strong population structure in accordance with its disjunct distribution across montane islands in Indochina and the Philippines. A broad hybrid zone of the two species occurs in southern Yunnan. Asymmetric introgression from the two species was detected in this zone with dominant mitochondrial gene flow from P. yunnanensis and chloroplast gene flow from P. kesiya. The observed population structure suggests a typical postglaciation expansion in P. yunnanensis, and a glacial expansion and interglacial contraction in P. kesiya. Ecological niche modeling supports the inferred demographic history and predicts a decrease in range size for P. kesiya under future climates. Our results suggest that tropical pine species in SEA have undergone evolutionary trajectories different from high latitude species related to their Quaternary climate histories. We also illustrate the need for urgent conservation actions in this fragmented landscape.
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49.
  • Gao, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • The contribution of G-layer glucose in Salix clones for biofuels: comparative enzymatic and HPLC analysis of stem cross sections
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2731-3654. ; 15
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Interest on the use of short rotation willow as a lignocellulose resource for liquid transport fuels has increased greatly over the last 10 years. Investigations have shown the advantages and potential of using Salix spp. for such fuels but have also emphasized the wide variations existing in the compositional structure between different species and genotypes in addition to their effects on overall yield. The present work studied the importance of tension wood (TW) as a readily available source of glucose in 2-year-old stems of four Salix clones (Tora, Bjorn, Jorr, Loden). Studies involved application of a novel approach whereby TW-glucose and residual sugars and lignin were quantified using stem cross sections with results correlated with HPLC analyses of milled wood. Compositional analyses were made for four points along stems and glucose derived from enzyme saccharification of TW gelatinous (G) layers (G-glucose), structural cell wall glucose (CW-glucose) remaining after saccharification and total glucose (T-glucose) determined both theoretically and from HPLC analyses. Comparisons were also made between presence of other characteristic sugars as well as acid-soluble and -insoluble lignin.Results: Preliminary studies showed good agreement between using stem serial sections and milled powder from Salix stems for determining total sugar and lignin. Therefore, sections were used throughout the work. HPLC determination of T-glucose in Salix clones varied between 47.1 and 52.8%, showing a trend for higher T-glucose with increasing height (Bjorn, Tora and Jorr). Using histochemical/microscopy and image analysis, Tora (24.2%) and Bjorn (28.2%) showed greater volumes of % TW than Jorr (15.5%) and Loden (14.0%). Total G-glucose with enzyme saccharification of TW G-layers varied between 3.7 and 14.7% increasing as the total TW volume increased. CW-glucose measured after enzyme saccharification showed mean values of 41.9-49.1%. Total lignin between and within clones showed small differences with mean variations of 22.4-22.8% before and 22.4-24.3% after enzyme saccharification. Calculated theoretical and quantified values for CW-glucose at different heights for clones were similar with strong correlation: T-glucose = G-glucose + CW-glucose. Pearson's correlation displayed a strong and positive correlation between T-glucose and G-glucose, % TW and stem height, and between G-glucose with % TW and stem height.Conclusions: The use of stem cross sections to estimate TW together with enzyme saccharification represents a viable approach for determining freely available G-glucose from TW allowing comparisons between Salix clones. Using stem sections provides for discrete morphological/compositional tissue comparisons between clones with results consistent with traditional wet chemical analysis approaches where entire stems are milled and analyzed. The four clones showed variable TW and presence of total % G-glucose in the order Bjorn > Tora > Jorr > Loden. Calculated in terms of 1 m(3), Salix stems Tora and Bjorn would contain ca. 0.24 and 0.28 m(3) of tension wood representing a significant amount of freely available glucose.[GRAPHICS].
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50.
  • Gao, Pengyan, et al. (författare)
  • Construction of unique NiCoP/FeNiCoP hollow heterostructured ellipsoids with modulated electronic structure for enhanced overall water splitting
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 666, s. 403-415
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Transition metal phosphides have been demonstrated to be promising non -noble catalysts for water splitting, yet their electrocatalytic performance is impeded by unfavorable free energies of adsorbed intermediates. The achievement of nanoscale modulation in morphology and electronic states is imperative for enhancing their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity. Herein, we propose a strategy to expedite the water splitting process over NiCoP/FeNiCoP hollow ellipsoids by modulating the electronic structure and d -band center. These unique phosphorus (P) vacancies -rich ellipsoids are synthesized through an ion -exchange reaction between uniform NiCo-nanoprisms and K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ], followed by NaH 2 PO 2 -assisted phosphorization under N 2 atmosphere. Various characterizations reveals that the titled catalyst possesses high specific surface area, abundant porosity, and accessible inner surfaces, all of which are beneficial for efficient mass transfer and gas diffusion. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirms that the NiCoP/FeNiCoP heterojunction associated with P vacancies regulate the electronic structures of d -electrons and p -electrons of Co and P atoms, respectively, resulting in a higher desorption efficiency of adsorbed H* intermediates with a lower energy barrier for water splitting. Due to the aforementioned advantages, the resultant NiCoP/FeNiCoP hollow ellipsoids exhibit remarkably low overpotentials of 45 and 266 mV for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction to achieve the current densities of 10 and 50 mA cm -2 , respectively. This work not only reports the synthesis of a hollow double -shell structure of NiCoP/FeNiCoP but also introduces a novel strategy for constructing a multifunctional electrocatalyst for water splitting.
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