| 1. |
- Guintivano, Jerry, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-Analyses of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Postpartum Depression
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Psychiatry. - : American Psychiatric Association Publishing. - 0002-953X .- 1535-7228. ; 180:12, s. 884-895
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD) that is more heritable, yet is understudied in psychiatric genetics. The authors conducted meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to investigate the genetic architecture of PPD.METHOD: Meta-analyses were conducted on 18 cohorts of European ancestry (17,339 PPD cases and 53,426 controls), one cohort of East Asian ancestry (975 cases and 3,780 controls), and one cohort of African ancestry (456 cases and 1,255 controls), totaling 18,770 PPD cases and 58,461 controls. Post-GWAS analyses included 1) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability ([Formula: see text]), 2) genetic correlations between PPD and other phenotypes, and 3) enrichment of the PPD GWAS findings in 27 human tissues and 265 cell types from the mouse central and peripheral nervous system.RESULTS: No SNP achieved genome-wide significance in the European or the trans-ancestry meta-analyses. The [Formula: see text] of PPD was 0.14 (SE=0.02). Significant genetic correlations were estimated for PPD with MDD, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, insomnia, age at menarche, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Cell-type enrichment analyses implicate inhibitory neurons in the thalamus and cholinergic neurons within septal nuclei of the hypothalamus, a pattern that differs from MDD.CONCLUSIONS: While more samples are needed to reach genome-wide levels of significance, the results presented confirm PPD as a polygenic and heritable phenotype. There is also evidence that despite a high correlation with MDD, PPD may have unique genetic components. Cell enrichment results suggest GABAergic neurons, which converge on a common mechanism with the only medication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for PPD (brexanolone).
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| 2. |
- Blanchart, P., et al.
(författare)
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Mechanism of traditional Bogolan dyeing technique with clay on cotton fabric
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Clay Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-1317 .- 1872-9053. ; 50:4, s. 455-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bogolan is a traditional dyeing technique deeply rooted in Mali It uses local clays from Niger River region and a leave extract from N galama trees (Anogeissus leiocarpa) The clay contains a significant amount of iron (hydr)oxides mainly akaganeite It reacts with N galama coating onto cotton to form black or brown colors UV/Vis and IR spectroscopy indicated very similar behavior of N galama leaves extract and carboxylic aromatic acids mainly ellagic or gallic acids which form dark colored complexes with iron Since iron (hydr) oxides are coated on clay mineral particles they contribute to the fixation of the Clay mineral particles and also cause the dark color X-ray diffraction of oriented tissue and SEM observations confirmed the presence of clay particles attached on the fiber surface.
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| 3. |
- Døssing, A., et al.
(författare)
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A Multidisciplinary UAV- and Ground-Geophysical Mapping of Complex Mineralisations in an Inter-Tidal Coastal Zone, Brittany (France)
- 2020
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Ingår i: NSG2020 3rd Conference on Geophysics for Mineral Exploration and Mining. - : European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Getting reliable geophysical and geological 3D models of the subsurface is an absolute necessity for successful resources exploration. Here, we show how novel UAV-borne geophysical mapping can be extremely valuable for mapping potential new exploration areas that are difficult to access by foot, such as hard rock inter-tidal zones and boulder beaches. We show the results from a multidisciplinary geophysical campaign of highly magnetic dikes and granites along a boulder beach in Brittany, France. Our mapping is carried out using customized geophysical sensor systems with high quality sensors. These include in particular a special designed UAV-towed magnetometer bird and multispectral system for large area mapping purposes. The UAV-borne mapping is supplemented by ground-based gamma-ray spectrometry data and ground-based magnetic gradiomety data. The results clearly demonstrate the value of UAV-borne systems in difficult areas as compared to traditional mapping methods as well as the value of combining various geophysical sensors for exploring the economic geology. All UAV-borne data were collected during two days, while the ground-based data – covering only the inner and dry part of the beach - were collected over seven days.
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| 4. |
- Guigui, N., et al.
(författare)
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Network Regularization in Imaging Genetics Improves Prediction Performances and Model Interpretability on Alzheimer’s Disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2019). - : IEEE. - 9781538636411 ; , s. 1403-1406
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Imaging genetics is a growing popular research avenue which aims to find genetic variants associated with quantitative phenotypes that characterize a disease. In this work, we combine structural MRI with genetic data structured by prior knowledge of interactions in a Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) model with graph regularization. This results in improved prediction performance and yields a more interpretable model.
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| 5. |
- Rey, N., et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to Low to Moderate Doses of Ionizing Radiation Induces A Reduction of Pro-Inflammatory Ly6chigh Monocytes and a U-Curved Response of T Cells in APOE -/- Mice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Dose-Response. - : SAGE Publications. - 1559-3258. ; 19:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) is known to have a protective effect on atherosclerosis in rodent studies, but how it impacts different cells types involved in lesion formation remains incompletely understood. We investigated the immunomodulatory response of different doses and dose-rates of irradiation in ApoE-/- mice. Mice were exposed to external γ rays at very low (1.4 mGy.h-1) or low (50 mGy.h-1) dose-rates, with cumulative doses spanning 50 to 1000 mGy. Flow cytometry of circulating cells revealed a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory Ly6CHi monocytes at all cumulative doses at low dose-rate, but more disparate effects at very low dose-rate with reductions in Ly6CHi cells at doses of 50, 100 and 750 mGy only. In contrast, Ly6CLo monocytes were not affected by LDIR. Similarly, proportions of CD4+ T cell subsets in the spleen did not differ between irradiated mice and non-irradiated controls, whether assessing CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory or CD69+ activated lymphocytes. In the aorta, gene expression of cytokines such as IL-1 and TGF-ß and adhesion molecules such as E-Selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were reduced at the intermediate dose of 200 mGy. These results suggest that LDIR may reduce atherosclerotic plaque formation by selectively reducing blood pro-inflammatory monocytes and by impairing adhesion molecule expression and inflammatory processes in the vessel wall. In contrast, splenic T lymphocytes were not affected by LDIR. Furthermore, some responses to irradiation were nonlinear; reductions in aortic gene expression were significant at intermediate doses, but not at either highest or lowest doses. This work furthers our understanding of the impact of LDIR with different dose-rates on immune system response in the context of atherosclerosis.
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