| 1. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Dark Character Profiles and Differences in OCEAN
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Convention of Psychological Science (ICPS). Vienna, Austria: 23-25 March.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We investigated individual differences in Big Five traits using the Dark Cube (eight profiles created by combining high/low levels in the Dark Triad: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). Narcissism was associated with four of the Big Five traits under different conditions. However, the only clear relationships were narcissism-extraversion and psychopathy-agreeableness.
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| 2. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Dark Time Matter: Dark Character Profiles and Time Perspective
- 2018
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Ingår i: Psychology. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2152-7180 .- 2152-7199. ; 9:1, s. 63-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Humans seem to have a unique ability to consciously organize the flow of time (i.e., past, present, and future) and to intentionally choose goals and values (i.e., character: self, others, the universe). These two parts of human awareness have implications for individuals’ relation to a society that will flourish or perish. In fact, a balanced time perspective is suggested as necessary for the experience of well-being and optimal societal functioning. Nevertheless, low character development might be expressed as a Dark Triad: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate if individuals differ in their outlook on time depending on their dark character profiles. Method: We re-analyzed data from a previous study in which participants (N = 338) responded to the Short Dark Triad Inventory and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. However, here we use the Dark Cube (Garcia, 2017a), a model of malevolent character based on Cloninger’s biopsychosocial theory of personality and in the assumption of a Dark Triad, thus, clustering individuals in eight profiles (i.e., the combination of high/low in three malevolent character traits). Results: The results for each trait suggest multi-finality (i.e., same antecedents, different outcomes) and equifinality (i.e., different antecedents, same outcomes). For example, individuals high in narcissism presented a balanced time perspective when manipulative behavior was also high and psychopathy was low. Conclusions: In certain conditions, malevolent character is associated to a balanced time perspective. Thus, suggesting that in order to understand well-being and optimal societal functioning, we need to look at human awareness in relation to both time (i.e., past, present, future) and space (i.e., character: self, others, the universe).
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| 3. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Everyone is Thinking of It, Whishing for It, But not Doing It: Malevolent Profiles and Sociosexual Orientation
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Convention of Psychological Science (ICPS). Vienna, Austria: 23-25 March.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using a non-linear approach we found that only under certain conditions was promiscuous sexual attitude and desire, not behavior, related to dark character. That is, individuals with high levels in dark traits are thinking of and whishing for promiscuous sexual relations, but they not seem to be doing it.
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| 4. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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The Dark Cube: Dark Character Profiles and OCEAN
- 2017
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Ingår i: PeerJ. - : PeerJ. - 2167-8359. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Big Five traits (i.e., openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism: OCEAN) have been suggested to provide a meaningful taxonomy for studying the Dark Triad: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Nevertheless, current research consists of mixed and inconsistent associations between the Dark Triad and OCEAN. Here we used the dark cube (Garcia & Rosenberg, 2016), a model of malevolent character theoretically based on Cloninger’s biopsychosocial model of personality and in the assumption of a ternary structure of malevolent character. We use the dark cube profiles to investigate differences in OCEAN between individuals who differ in one dark character trait while holding the other two constant (i.e., conditional relationships). Method: Participants (N = 330) responded to the Short Dark Triad Inventory and the Big Five Inventory and were grouped according to the eight possible combinations using their dark trait scores (M = high Machiavellianism; m = low Machiavellianism; N = high narcissism; n = low narcissism; P = high psychopathy; p = low psychopathy): MNP “maleficent”, MNp “manipulative narcissistic”, MnP “anti-social”, Mnp “Machiavellian”, mNP “psychopathic narcissistic”, mNp “narcissistic”, mnP “psychopathic”, and mnp “benevolent”. Results: High narcissism-high extraversion and high psychopathy-low agreeableness were consistently associated across comparisons. The rest of the comparisons showed a complex interaction. For example, high Machiavellianism-high neuroticism only when both narcissism and psychopathy were low (Mnp vs. mnp), high narcissism-high conscientiousness only when both Machiavellianism and psychopathy were also high (MNP vs. MnP), and high psychopathy-high neuroticism only when Machiavellianism was low and narcissism was high (mNP vs. mNp). Conclusions: This approach showed that the only clear relationships were narcissism-extraversion and psychopathy-agreeableness and that the malevolent character traits were associated to specific OCEAN traits only under certain conditions. Hence, explaining the mixed and inconsistent linear associations in the Dark Triad literature. We suggest that the Dark Cube is a useful tool in the investigation of a consistent Dark Triad Theory.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- González Moraga, Fernando Renee, et al.
(författare)
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Facets of Psychopathy, Intelligence and Aggressive Antisocial Behaviors in Young Violent Offenders
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 10, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychopathy continues to be a challenge in forensic contexts, and evidence of its association with destructive behaviors, such as aggressive antisocial behaviors, is extensive. However, the potential role of intelligence as moderator of the well-established association between psychopathy and aggressive antisocial behaviors has largely been neglected, despite intelligence having been independently related to both concepts. Increased knowledge of whether intelligence is relevant to this association is needed because of its possible implications on the assessment and treatment of individuals with psychopathic traits and aggressive antisocial behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the association between psychopathic traits, aggressive antisocial behaviors, and intelligence in young violent offenders and to test whether intelligence moderates the relationship between psychopathic traits and aggressive antisocial behaviors. Participants were 269 male violent offenders aged 18 to 25 years, assessed on the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), the Life History of Aggression (LHA), and the General Ability Index from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd edition. Associations were tested with Spearman’s rho and moderation analysis was performed through ordinary least squares regressions. The PCL-R four-facet structure was used for the analyses. We found a positive association between psychopathic traits and aggressive antisocial behaviors, and a small, negative association between the Affective PCL-R facet and intelligence. In the moderation analyses, a small yet statistically significant moderation effect of intelligence on the association between the Interpersonal facet and LHA total scores was demonstrated. However, the amount of variance in the LHA total score explained by the model was very small; 2.9%. We suggest that intelligence, however important for rehabilitation strategies and everyday functioning, is not necessarily pertinent to understanding aggressive antisocial behaviors in young offenders with psychopathic traits.
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| 7. |
- González Moraga, Fernando Renee, et al.
(författare)
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Human Awareness in Time and Space: The Organization of the Flow of Time and Malevolent Character Profiles
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Convention of Psychological Science (ICPS). Vienna, Austria: 23-25 March.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We investigated individual differences in how people organize the flow of time (past, present, future) using malevolent character (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) profiles. For each trait, the model showed the characteristics of a complex dynamic adaptive system: multi-finality (i.e., same antecedents, different outcomes) and equifinality (i.e., different antecedents, same outcomes).
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| 8. |
- González Moraga, Fernando Renee, et al.
(författare)
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New Developments in Virtual Reality-Assisted Treatment of Aggression in Forensic Settings: The Case of VRAPT
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Virtual Reality. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-4192. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggression is a known problem in individuals being cared for in forensic settings, yet the evidence base for its treatment is scarce. Virtual Reality (VR) has been proposed as a promising addition to interventions in forensic settings, as it may increase the motivation among participants, bridge the gap between real life, therapeutic and laboratory experiences, and increase the ecological validity of psychological research. Recently, a new treatment for aggression using VR as the treatment environment, Virtual Reality Aggression Prevention Training (VRAPT), was developed to provide realistic and safe environments for participants to practice aggression management. In its current revised version, VRAPT is conceptualized as a form of cognitive behavioral therapy with its theoretical background in the General Aggression Model. Its purpose is to increase awareness of, and improve control over, one’s own aggression and that of others through social interactions in individually tailored virtual environments. This manuscript describes how the lessons learned from the first randomized controlled trial of VRAPT have been applied to further develop the method and discusses challenges and future directions for VR-assisted treatment of aggression in forensic settings. VRAPT is a new psychological treatment for aggression and the coming years will provide expanded scientific evidence for further developments and adaptations. Copyright © 2022 González Moraga, Klein Tuente, Perrin, Enebrink, Sygel, Veling and Wallinius.
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| 9. |
- González Moraga, Fernando Renee, et al.
(författare)
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Psychopathy, Aggression, and Intelligence in Young Violent Offenders: A Moderation Analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Association of Forensic Mental Health Services (IAFMHS) Conference. Antwerp, Belgium: June 12-14.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Little attention has been directed to the possible moderating effect of intelligence on the well-established relationship between psychopathy and aggression, even though intelligence in previous research has been linked to both. We examined if intelligence moderates the relationship between psychopathy and aggression in a nationally representative cohort of young male Swedish violent offenders (n = 270). Data on psychopathy (Psychopathy Checklist-Revised), aggression (Life History of Aggression), and intelligence (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III) was collected. Simple ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models indicated that the effect of psychopathy on aggression was not moderated by intelligence.
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| 10. |
- González Moraga, Fernando Renee, et al.
(författare)
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VR-assisted aggression treatment in forensic psychiatry: a qualitative study in patients with severe mental disorders
- 2024
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Ingår i: FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY. - 1664-0640. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Improvements in virtual reality (VR) have made it possible to create realistic, virtual settings for behavioral assessment and skills training that cannot otherwise be accessed in a safe way in forensic psychiatric settings. VR interventions are under development but little is known how forensic psychiatric patients with severe mental disorders experience VR-assisted assessments or treatments.Methods The present study aimed to help fill this knowledge gap via qualitative interviews with seven patients with severe mental disorders at a high-security forensic psychiatric clinic who had completed the newly revised Virtual Reality Aggression Prevention Training (VRAPT). All participants were interviewed 12 weeks after the VRAPT intervention, and interview data analyzed with manifest inductive content analysis.Results Six manifest content categories were identified: 1. Therapeutic process, 2. VRAPT method, 3. VR technology, 4. Previous treatment experiences, 5. Challenges to treatment of aggression, and 6. Unexpected experiences. The participants had diverse experiences related to both the VRAPT intervention and forensic psychiatric care. Participants described a mixture of positive experiences in relation to VR-assisted role-plays, and less positive in relation to motivation for aggression-focused treatment and technological limitations.Discussion The present findings suggest further studies are needed on how to best implement VR-assisted treatments for aggression in forensic settings, and potentially further modification of treatment content in interventions like VRAPT.
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