| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Agélii Genlott, Annika, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Closing the gaps : Improving literacy and mathematics by ict-enhanced collaboration
- 2016
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Ingår i: Computers and education. - : Elsevier. - 0360-1315 .- 1873-782X. ; 99, s. 68-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Literacy and mathematics are necessary skills that for different reasons unfortunately not everybody acquires sufficiently. In OECD countries there is also a gender gap; boys lag behind girls in literacy but often outperform girls in mathematics (OECD, 2012). ICT (Information and communication technologies) may contribute useful tools to address both these problems but in order to effectively create better educational conditions there is yet a need to develop effective methods that combine ICT with key factors for learning. This research contributes to this by measuring effects of the “Write to Learn” (WTL) method. WTL lets children from 1st grade use several ICT tools to write texts and subsequently discuss and refine them together with classmates and teachers using digital real-time formative feedback and assessment. The central learning factor addressed, in mathematics as well as in literacy, is the written communication allowing the learners to interact with peers and teachers. WTL draws on methods from socio-cultural theory, including continuous social interaction and written real-time formative feedback among peers, using shared electronic forums for collaboration, thereby providing social meaning and increased learning of literacy and mathematics, among both boys and girls.The study uses quantitative methods and two control groups, one using traditional method (no ICT) and one using technology individually (without integrated social interaction and formative feedback), to compare results from 502 students in grade 3 national tests in mathematics and literacy. WTL yields by far best results; higher average score both in literacy and mathematics, smaller gender gap, and significantly better results for the under-achievers. The ITU method performs worst, which shows that ICT use must be well integrated into the pedagogy to be useful.
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| 3. |
- Agélii Genlott, Annika, 1968-
(författare)
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Designing for Transformational Change in School : Digitalizing the Digitized
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digital technologies have gained a prominent role in education and schools, but research concerning how digital technologies can create better conditions for improved teaching and enhanced learning for students is scarce and inconclusive. Successful use of digital technologies requires a complex combination of interacting factors, including integrating technology and pedagogy as well as organizing and leading a structured transformation process. The capability of school organizations to lead and support the digitalization process is an under-researched field compared to the well-established focus on individual stakeholders.This thesis examines how experimentation and innovation processes in school can be designed and pursued to support and enhance digitalization across an entire school organization by using a Design Science Research (DSR) approach to answer the question: How can a school organization at municipal level lead digital transformation through the digitalization of teaching and learning processes in an organized, professional, and, as far as possible, scientifically based way?The findings show that the design and use of the Information System Artifact model (ISA) together with a DSR development method can support both improved teaching and enhanced learning within and across a school organization. Effective use of digital technologies to improve teaching and learning across the school organization requires fundamental changes of ordinary practices and engagement as well as commitment from school authorities and school leaders.This thesis contributes with empirically and theoretically based insights from leading (digital) transformational change in school through the iterative design of IS artifacts used as a driver and quality control for the shift from digitization towards digitalization aiming at improved teaching and enhanced learning.
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| 4. |
- Agélii Genlott, Annika, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Disseminating digital innovation in school : leading second-order educational change
- 2019
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Ingår i: Education and Information Technologies. - : Springer. - 1360-2357 .- 1573-7608. ; 24:5, s. 3021-3039
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using digital technology effectively in schools requires profound changes in traditional teaching and learning activities. Pedagogical innovations often start small-scale and developing good ideas into shared practice across schools is challenging in many ways, especially if the innovation requires second-order change, i.e. challenges to fundamental beliefs about teaching and learning. This study investigates how a validated pedagogical method requiring integrated Information and Communication Technology (ICT) use and second-order change can be disseminated and sustained over time. We surveyed 92 primary school teachers who at different times over a 5-year period participated in a training course designed to implement an innovative technology-supported teaching method, Write To Learn, across an entire city. We found that organized teacher development programs can drive second-order change, but this requires considerable, active, and sustained effort from leaders at both school and district level. Additional factors include immediate and extended social systems and handling diversity among teachers. The results are useful for both practitioners and researchers since they contribute to a deeper understanding of the opportunities and challenges involved in disseminating effective ICT-based methods that requires profound changes of thinking about teaching and learning to guide the transformation of teaching practice.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Agelii Genlott, Annika, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Improving literacy skills through learning reading by writing: The iWTR method presented and tested
- 2013
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Ingår i: Computers and education. - : Elsevier. - 0360-1315 .- 1873-782X. ; 67, s. 98-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning to read and write is a basic skill that unfortunately not everybody acquires sufficiently. Lack of teachers and time in school are some of the reasons, but in addition the enormous rise in informational activities due to the Internet and other information technology-enabled opportunities has made literacy skills increasingly important to ever more people. This means literacy education must be improved so more children in the world get better chances. In order to contribute to developing better methods for learning to read and write in early years this study tests a new method developed to improve reading and writing learning in early ages. The ICT (Information and communication technologies) supported “Integrated Write to Learn” (iWTR) method lets children in 1st grade use computers and other ICT tools to write texts and subsequently discuss and refine them together with class mates and teachers. Handwriting is postponed to 2nd grade. While the traditional method requires students to go through two development processes in parallel, a cognitive (learning to read and) a motor (learning to write with a pencil), iWTR works with one process at a time, first cognitive development, then (from grade 2) motor skills training. iWTR extends previous WTR methods by more social work methods using a web site and peer comment for providing social meaning and feedback.The method was tested using two test groups and two control groups (total n = 87) by systematically measuring performance in reading and writing using standard tests in combination with observations and student evaluation to assess social and individual effects of work methods.The results show that while reading skills were improved considerably the biggest improvement concerned writing skills. Students in the test group wrote longer texts with better structure, clearer content, and a more elaborate language.
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| 7. |
- Agélii Genlott, Annika, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Leading dissemination of digital, science-based innovation in school–a case study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Interactive Learning Environments. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1049-4820 .- 1744-5191. ; , s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digitalizing school is a process that comes with challenges. It requires strategic leadership and transformational change to work processes. Nevertheless, some succeed, and it is useful to understand what makes for success. This paper studies the challenges of leading digitalization of education in a city which decided to implement an IT-supported method for teaching literacy in primary schools. The method required transformational change; teachers not only had to learn to use technologies, they also had to review their pedagogy. This study is guided by the Diffusion of Innovation theory and draws on interviews with school principals. We find that the critical factors relate to the communication channel, the social system within and across schools, and the time perspective.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Learning from e-learning : emerging constructive learning practices
- 2009
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Ingår i: Doing IT research that matters.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research is situated within the field of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) and asks if ICT use can make learning practices change. While constructive learning practices are critical to both individual and societal development, repetitive learning practices are the norm in many developing countries. The study is based on observations and in-depth interviews and uses a structurational approach to understand if and how students views of learning change during an e-learning program in Sri Lanka. We found four constructive learning practices that emerged through technology use; individual exploring, interaction with peers, interaction with teachers, and taking responsibility of the learning. Many constructive learning practices emerged outside the LMS used, in students’ voluntary uses of publicly available resources on the Internet. The study shows that technology use can play a positive role for development, provided an open environment is available; students learn constructive practicesfrom e-learning.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Reclaiming the students : coping with social media in 1:1 schools
- 2014
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Ingår i: Learning, Media & Technology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1743-9884 .- 1743-9892. ; 39, s. 37-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a debate about the advantages and disadvantages of using social media in education. Drawing on interviews and surveys with students and teachers in three Swedish schools, this study finds that studentsas well as teachers find much of the students' social media use distractive to learning. We investigate this by means of an interpretative study of students' and teachers' experiences. We find that concerns relate to how social media use makes students less social, how weaker students are more likely to get distracted, how teachers lack strategies for tackling the problem and how the responsibility of the use is delegated to the students. We discuss how the distractive use of social media is made possible as a result of education policies requiring a higher degree of individual work, individual responsibility, and educational choices forstudents. Teachers and school leaders need to jointly reclaim the students and coping strategies for the distractive use are urgently needed.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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“You can't make this a science!” : Analyzing decision support systems in political contexts
- 2012
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Ingår i: Government Information Quarterly. - : Elsevier. - 0740-624X .- 1872-9517. ; 29:4, s. 543-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on problems and conflicts encountered when using decision support systems (DSS) in political contexts. Based on a literature study and two case studies we describe problems encountered in relation not only to the DSS itself, but also to the political decision process. The case studies have been carried out in two cities in Sweden that at different times but in similar situations have used DSS in order to reach a decision in complicated and contested matters. In both cases we have previously found that the method and IT tool used for decision analysis were appreciated by most participants, but the inherent rationality of the DSS was in conflict with how participants usually make decisions as well as with the political process. The assumption was that a strict and open method would make grounds for clear decisions, but the results of the decision process were none of the cases implemented. In one case the result of the decision analysis was that no clear decision was made. In the other case the lowest ranked alternative was implemented. Furthermore, in neither city the method was ever used again. We therefore ask: What are the challenges and limitations to using DSS in political contexts? Our study shows that challenges relate to selecting and using criteria; eliciting weights for criteria (high level of subjectivity); understanding all the amount of facts available in the system; time constraints; and lack of impact on the final decision. This study contributes to both research and practice by increasing the understanding of what challenges are experienced in DSS use, since the findings can be used as a framework of challenges that should be addressed, in design of systems as well as method for use. The study also contributes to understanding the role of politicians in decision-making and the consequences for the use of DSS. Further, the literature study showed that there are overall very few studies on the actual use of DSS in a political context, and we therefore conclude by encouraging more studies reporting actual use.
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| 11. |
- Asiimwe, Edgar Napoleon, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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E-waste management in east African community
- 2012
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Ingår i: Handbook of research on E-Government in emerging economies. - Hershey : IGI Global. - 9781466603240 ; , s. 307-327
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapidly increased use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) has increased demand for electronic equipment such as mobile phones and computers. Individuals and government institutions worldwide are adopting ICTs at a fast pace. Increased consumption has resulted in huge amounts of e-Waste generated from scrapped electronics. E-Waste contains chemical substances that have adverse effects on the environment and human health. Consequently, handling of e-Waste needs to be organized in ways that minimize the adverse effects. This chapter investigates how the East African Community (EAC) governments, i.e., Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi, conceive their role in combating negative impact of e-Waste and how their views and current actions compare to the current state of the art practices in e-Waste management. As data on e-Waste handling in EAC countries is not publicly available, semi-structured interviews with high government officials and a literature review were conducted. The results show that EAC governments consider e-Waste to be an emerging problem. Despite this awareness and attempts to mitigate the problem in some of the countries, there are currently no solid solutions that have been crafted to rectify or mitigate this problem. The study suggests practical solutions for resolving e-Waste challenges in EAC.
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| 12. |
- Asiimwe, Edgar Napoleon, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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MLCMS actual use, perceived use, and experiences of use
- 2015
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Ingår i: ijEDict - International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology. - 1814-0556. ; 11:1, s. 101-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile learning involves use of mobile devices to participate in learning activities. Most elearning activities are available to participants through learning systems such as learning content management systems (LCMS). Due to certain challenges, LCMS are not equally accessible on all mobile devices. This study investigates actual use, perceived usefulness and user experiences of LCMS use on mobile phones at Makerere University in Uganda. The study identifies challenges pertaining to use and discusses how to improve LCMS use on mobile phones. Such solutions are a cornerstone in enabling and improving mobile learning. Data was collected by means of focus group discussions, an online survey designed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and LCMS log files of user activities. Data was collected from two courses where Moodle was used as a learning platform. The results indicate positive attitudes towards use of LCMS on phones but also huge challenges whichare content related and technical in nature.
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| 13. |
- Asiimwe, Edgar Napoleon, 1984-
(författare)
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On Emerging Mobile Learning Environments
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates issues pertaining to the implementation of mobile learning and particularly the use of learning content management systems and mobile devices in university education. The thesis is positioned at the intersection of the research areas of information systems and education. The general view of technology is grounded in the field of information systems, but it is connected to the field of learning using the framework for the rational analysis of mobile education (FRAME). The point of enquiry was chosen based on the fact that the number of people who use mobile devices today is higher than the number of people who use desktop computers. This presents an opportunity for higher education institutions to increase the reach of education services by means of delivering them on mobile devices. This, of course, also presents challenges.The thesis is situated in the interpretive paradigm and the methodological approach was action research. Data was collected through review of literature, interviews, focus group discussions, observations and online surveys. Findings suggest that mobile learning cannot replace existing forms of learning in least developed countries but blended learning is a feasible alternative. Three units of analysis were used and found to be significant for studying and evaluating mobile learning, the technical artefact, the social artefact and the information artefact, together making up the information systems artefact. The thesis contributes to theory by discussing how mobile learning can be seen to be constructed as an information systems artefact through these three constructs. Advancements in virtual learning technology may bring a new wave of learning management systems. The nature of the next generation of learning content management systems is a topic for further research.
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| 14. |
- Asiimwe, Edgar Napoleon, et al.
(författare)
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On mobile learning with Learning Content Management Systems : a contemporary literature review
- 2014
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Ingår i: Mobile as a Mainstream – Towards Future Challenges in Mobile Learning. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319134154 - 9783319134161 ; 479, s. 131-145
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning Content Management Systems (LCMS) are important tools for organizing learning material and communication. Increasingly mobile technologies are used for internet access; particularly important in developing countries where broadband is scarce. Mobile LCMS introduce specific challenges, which are yet not fully addressed. This paper reviews the literature on mobile LCMS for the purpose of identifying current research focus, research gaps, and future research directions regarding how to bridge the gaps and leverage CMS technology to support “mobile learning”. The concept matrix method is used to collect and analyze literature. Five prominent research areas are found; Use, access, design and infrastructure; communication and collaboration; engagement and knowledge development; content and service delivery; and implementation experiences and evaluation. A major gap identified is that research does neither clearly nor thoroughly address the intersection between learning and technology. Adjusting technologies to learning contexts and environments is a key area for future research.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Asiimwe, Edgar Napoleon, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Practices and challenges in an emerging m-learning environment
- 2017
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Ingår i: ijEDict - International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology. - Bridgetown, Barbados : University of the West Indies Press. - 1814-0556. ; 13:1, s. 103-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports an interpretative case study investigating practices and challenges in an emerging m-learning environment at Makerere University in Uganda. The research was part of the MobiClass pilot project. Data was collected by means of observations and interviews with teachers and various m-learning support staff, including teacher trainers, systems administrators and a software developer. The Framework for Rational Analysis of Mobile Education (FRAME) is used as an analytic framework. The research focuses on how learning content management systems (LCMS) are implemented and used for m-learning purposes. We observed teacher training and m-learning content development practices and found that teacher skills for developing educational content, institutional m-learning policies and training programs are crucial success factors. The main finding is the importance of the support staff; it takes a long time to implement new technology and change teaching practices, support staff is needed to manage, inspire and support student and teachers.
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| 17. |
- Asiimwe, Edgar, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Using Technology for Enhancing Transparency and Accountability in Low Resource Communities : Experiences from Uganda
- 2013. - 6
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Ingår i: ICT for Anti-Corruption, Democracy and Education In East Africa. - Stockholm : Stockholm University. - 9789163746031 ; , s. 37-51
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study aimed at investigating the user needs, practices, experiences and challenges faced in promoting transparency and accountability using ICT in low-resource communities. The research was conducted on two ICT4D (Information and Communication Technology for Development) initiatives, a call center, and a telecenter supported by two projects; (1) “Promoting Social Accountability In The Health Sector In Northern Uganda”, (2) “Catalyzing Civic Participation And Democracy Monitoring Using ICTs”. The two projects sought to fight corruption by increasing transparency and accountability using ICT to enable “whistle-blowing,” i.e., reporting misconduct in service provision. The projects are based in Uganda and are carried out by Spider (Swedish Program for ICT in Developing Regions) partner organizations: Transparency International (TI) Uganda and Collaboration International ICT Policy in East and Southern Africa (CIPESA). Using interviews, focus group discussions and observations, the study addressed three research questions: (1) How have the two projects provided citizens a trusted and effective channel for “whistle-blowing”? (2) What are the enabling factors for whistle-blowing through ICT and challenges that affect whistle-blowers and how can the challenges be overcome?The ICT service-delivery monitoring and reporting methods used by projects include toll free phone calls, blogs, radio talk shows, SMS and e-mail for reaching out; and processes for verification of reports and for communicating reports to government. There are results that indicate these methods are sound enough to serve the purposes of transparency and accountability, and the track record exhibits real change achieved in many instances. ICT users are optimistic and trustful of these ICT methods. Effective whistle-blowing includes efficient and effective reporting processes, convenience in reporting, actual service delivery improvements, availability and privacy, and affordability. There are also a number of challenges, including user education, gender issues, and general issues pertaining to the business model, including economic sustainability and finding the most effective scope of the operations.
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| 18. |
- Ask, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation challenges : competing structures when new public management meets eGovernment
- 2008
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Ingår i: Electronic government. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783540852032 ; , s. 25-36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses practices, opportunities and challenges in local eGovernment project management by means of a case study of a Swedish city aiming at completely refocusing services, electronic and other, to become “citizen oriented”, meaning being able to meet the citizens’ needs more effectively. Based on empirical evidence collected by interviews and document studies, the article analyzes the development towards eGovernment and “the 24/7 agency”. Analyzing the case against eGovernment success factors we find seven challenges; political timing, resource allocation, political mandate, distinction between administrative and political responsibilities, coordination of departments, dependence on providers, and wise use of standards.. These challenges are critical because they mean choices important for national eGov development are open for local politics, complicated ad-hoc alliances among cities, and influences of strong individuals and groups. The article analyzes the challenges and finds that this situation is much a consequence of the prevailing strategic model for the public sector, New Public Management (NPM). This model by design leaves these issues in a void which has to be filled by negotiations among many actors with different roles, goals, and action space. The case shows that this makes national strategic eGov development volatile as it is dependent on a large number of local political assemblies; unlike the intention, NPM politicizes eGovernment.
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| 19. |
- Ask, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The Örebro city citizen-oriented e-Government strategy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Social and organizational developments through emerging e-Government applications. - Hershey, PA : IGI Global. - 9781605669182 ; , s. 233-253, s. 752-772
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
- Ask, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The Örebro City Citizen-Oriented E-Government Strategy
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Electronic Government Research. - : IGI Global. - 1548-3886 .- 1548-3894. ; 4:4, s. 69-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses practices, opportunities, and challenges in local e-government project management by means of a case study involving interviews, document studies, and an element of action research, over eight months. The analysis against e-government success factors finds seven "critical issues"; political timing, resource allocation, political mandate, distinction between administrative and political responsibilities, coordination of departments, dependence on providers, and use of standards. We found these issues open for local choice, influences of strong individuals and groups, and chance. This is a consequence of the prevailing strategic model for the public sector, New Public Management, which leaves these issues to be filled by negotiations among many actors with different roles, goals, and action space. The general lesson is that there is a need for practical ways of acting strategically to reduce the risk level and increase the ability to implement policy.
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| 21. |
- Bakunzibake, Pierre, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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E-Government Implementation in Developing Countries : Enterprise Content Management in Rwanda
- 2016
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Ingår i: Electronic Government and Electronic Participation. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781614996705 - 9781614996699 ; , s. 251-259
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- E-Government is now on the rise in developing countries. While developing countries can "leapfrog" technology generations, the necessary organizational change is another matter. In industrialized countries technical systems have been developed over long time in parallel with institutional development; developing countries hope to make that journey faster. Most of the e-Government implementation research focuses on developed countries. It is important to explore the relation between the literature and the findings in the context of developing countries as to come up with a gap to reduce. An interview study with 56 people in 10 government organizations involved in implementing a government-wide enterprise content management system was conducted to find out how critical success factors found in literature on implementation of information management systems relate to the situation in the Rwanda public sector to discover the step forward in Rwanda. We find a large gap between expectations and results due to a strong focus on the technical tool and little concerns about issues related to organizational change.
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| 22. |
- Bakunzibake, Pierre, 1977-
(författare)
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Improving Implementation of e-Government Services in Rwanda : An Organisational Perspective
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As part of realising development programmes faster, developing countries have been adopting, from developed ones, modern ICTs and implementing e-government towards better public services. However, efforts of implementation of e-government services have been often resulting in unsatisfactory outcomes and even total failures. This is a big challenge particularly for Least Developed Countries which have fewer resources. Such outcomes are partly due to the lack of addressing organisational issues associated with implementations.This thesis addresses the question: How can the implementation of e-government services be improved from an organisational perspective in the context of Rwanda?The thesis adopts a socio-technical perspective and uses both qualitative case study methodology and a literature review approach. Two cases of implementation of e-government services were studied. The first case, an Enterprise Content Management system concerns the sharing and working on digital documents within government agencies. The second case, the onestop e-government is for providing online services by the central and local government agencies to the general public via a single portal, ‘Irembo’. This thesis shows that implementation of e-government services has been focusing on digitalisation of services superimposing ICT over existing structures with less attention to organisational change issues related to processes, organisational structure and policies. The thesis also identifies a deficit in implementation processes in terms of lacking clear goals and formal monitoring in the local government. Those insights on the implementation of e-government services of an LDC pinpoint a need for optimisation between technical and social aspects. This thesis makes an empirical contribution by bringing forth those insights. In order to help tackle a number of challenging issues found, a comprehensive model for improving the process of implementing e-government services, called Plan-Do-Evaluate-Resolve (PDER) was developed as a theoretical contribution based on a literature analysis.
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| 23. |
- Bakunzibake, Pierre, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Organisational Challenges in the Implementation of ‘one-stop’ e-Government in Rwanda
- 2019
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Ingår i: Electronic Journal of e-Government. - : Academic Conferences Limited. - 1479-439X. ; 17:1, s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One-stop e-government holds potential benefits in all contexts and especially in the context of developing countries and in the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). Implementation of one-stop e-government can be challenging as it normally requires addressing a number of organisational issues including those related to the integration of the individual government information systems of different departments which traditionally function as silos; tackling organisational issues can be difficult due to the nature of the public sector. However, the contemporary literature paints a picture of scarce research on the organisational issues that impede the implementation of one-stop e-government initiatives in LDCs. This paper explores the organisational issues underlying the implementation of ‘one-stop’ e-government initiatives in Rwanda, an LDC. The study explores the status of these elements as of and up to March 2017. The qualitative case study methodology used for this study involved data collection by means of documents and interviews with key managers from central government organisations, from a private company, and from local government service clerks. Template analysis was used as a method for data analysis. Even though the number of online services for citizens, businesses, and other agencies is growing rapidly and easy payment of service fees is available, a number of organisational issues were identified. These include the lack of a clear plan of ‘to-be’ service processes and a corresponding change management strategy. Service re-design was taking place very much ad hoc. There were also unclear systematic organisational learning mechanisms and unclear operational goals in the local government. Addressing these issues would contribute towards improving the implementation of one-stop e-government and its corresponding services in such a context. The paper contributes to research by providing insights into organisational issues in a country currently in an early stage of e-government development. For Rwandan e-government professionals, the paper suggests a way forward. It also helps decision makers in Rwanda and similar countries undertaking one-stop initiatives to understand the problem context of actions taken towards IT-driven institutional reform.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Blomberg, Karin, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Using a Facebook Forum to Cope With Narcolepsy After Pandemrix Vaccination : Infodemiology Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications. - 1438-8871. ; 21:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In 2010, newly diagnosed narcolepsy cases among children and adolescents were seen in several European countries as a consequence of comprehensive national vaccination campaigns with Pandemrix against H1N1 influenza. Since then, a large number of people have had to live with narcolepsy and its consequences in daily life, such as effects on school life, social relationships, and activities. Initially, the adverse effects were not well understood and there was uncertainty about whether there would be any financial compensation. The situation remained unresolved until 2016, and during these years affected people sought various ways to join forces to handle the many issues involved, including setting up a social media forum.Objective: Our aim was to examine how information was shared, and how opinions and beliefs about narcolepsy as a consequence of Pandemrix vaccination were formed through discussions on social media.Methods: We used quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate a series of messages posted in a social media forum for people affected by narcolepsy after vaccination.Results: Group activity was high throughout the years 2010 to 2016, with peaks corresponding to major narcolepsy-related events, such as the appearance of the first cases in 2010, the first payment of compensation in 2011, and passage of a law on compensation in July 2016. Unusually, most (462/774, 59.7%) of the group took part in discussions and only 312 of 774 (40.3%) were lurkers (compared with the usual 90% rule of thumb for participation in an online community). The conversation in the group was largely factual and had a civil tone, even though there was a long struggle for the link between the vaccine and narcolepsy to be acknowledged and regarding the compensation issue. Radical, nonscientific views, such as those expounded by the antivaccination movement, did not shape the discussions in the group but were being actively expressed elsewhere on the internet. At the outset of the pandemic, there were 18 active Swedish discussion groups on the topic, but most dissolved quickly and only one Facebook group remained active throughout the period.Conclusions: The group studied is a good example of social media use for self-help through a difficult situation among people affected by illness and disease. This shows that social media do not by themselves induce trench warfare but, given a good group composition, can provide a necessary forum for managing an emergency situation where health care and government have failed or are mistrusted, and patients have to organize themselves so as to cope.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Danielson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Public Decision Support - Using a DSS to Increase Democratic Transparency
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet. - 1653-4360. ; 1:1, s. 3-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a case study in which a decision support method (ADL) was employed by a local government in order to guide and aid decisions on three complicated and politically infected issues which had remained unresolved for many years. The research inquiry was whether a well-defined and openly accessible method would aid a common understanding of the decision problems, and whether people would be able to accept a clearly motivated decision even if politically they preferred a different option. The ADL method has been used in several public sector projects ranging from very large purchasing decisions to the selection of national policies, but this test case was novel in that it involved close inspection by the public. This case was also devised as a test of new methods for potential inclusion into normal practices. The post-case analysis shows mixed understanding of and belief in the method. The results raise issues concerning both the potential for decision support methods in a political context and the nature of political decision making.
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| 37. |
- Gerdin, Marcus, 1995-, et al.
(författare)
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What Goes Around Comes Around : Effects of Unclear Questionnaire Items in Information Security Research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Human Aspects of Information Security and Assurance. - : Springer. - 9783031385292 - 9783031385322 - 9783031385308 ; , s. 470-481
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The credibility of research on information system security is challenged by inconsistent results and there is an ongoing discussion about research methodology and its effect on results within the employee non-/compliance to information security policies literature. We add to this discussion by investigating discrepancies between what we cl/aim to measure (theoretical properties of variables) and what we actually measure (respondents’ interpretations of our operationalized variables). The study asks: (1) How well do respondents’ interpretations of variables correspond to their theoretical definitions? (2) What are the characteristics and causes of any discrepancies between variable definitions and respondent interpretations? We report a pilot study including interviews with seven respondents to understand their interpretations of the variable Perceived severity from the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT).We found that respondents’ interpretations differ substantially from the theoretical definitions which introduces error in measurement. There were not only individual differences in interpretations but also, and more importantly, systematic ones; When questions are not well specified, or do not cover respondents’ practice, respondents make interpretations based on their practice. Our results indicate three types of ambiguities, namely (i) Vagueness in part/s of the measurement item causing inconsistencies in interpretation between respondents, (ii) Envision/Interpret ‘new’ properties not related to the theory, (iii) ‘Misses the mark’ measurements whereby respondents misinterpret the fundamentals of the item. The qualitative method used proved conducive to understanding respondents’ thinking, which is a key to improving research instruments.
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| 38. |
- Gerdin, Marcus, 1995-, et al.
(författare)
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What goes around comes around : an in-depth analysis of how respondents interpret ISP non-/compliance questionnaire items
- 2024
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Ingår i: Information and Computer Security. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2056-4961.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Research on employee non-/compliance to information security policies suffers from inconsistent results and there is an ongoing discussion about the dominating survey research methodology and its potential effect on these results. This study aims to add to this discussion by investigating discrepancies between what the authors claim to measure (theoretical properties of variables) and what they actually measure (respondents' interpretations of the operationalized variables). This study asks: How well do respondents' interpretations of variables correspond to their theoretical definitions? What are the characteristics of any discrepancies between variable definitions and respondent interpretations?Design/methodology/approach: This study is based on in-depth interviews with 17 respondents from the Swedish public sector to understand how they interpret questionnaire measurement items operationalizing the variables Perceived Severity from Protection Motivation Theory and Attitude from Theory of Planned Behavior.Findings: The authors found that respondents' interpretations in many cases differ substantially from the theoretical definitions. Overall, the authors found four principal ways in which respondents interpreted measurement items - referred to as property contextualization, extension, alteration and oscillation - each implying more or less (dis)alignment with the intended theoretical properties of the two variables examined.Originality/value: The qualitative method used proved vital to better understand respondents' interpretations which, in turn, is key for improving self-reporting measurement instruments. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is a first step toward understanding how precise and uniform definitions of variables' theoretical properties can be operationalized into effective measurement items.
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| 39. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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A communication genre perspective on e-petitioning : the case of the Citizens' Initiative
- 2012
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Ingår i: Electronic participation. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642332494 - 9783642332500 ; , s. 37-48
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Citizens’ Initiative is designed to make European democracy more direct by allowing citizens to propose (including electronically) legal acts to the Commission. The present paper offers a conceptual model for the analysis of this eParticipation case, and other similar e-petitioning practices, which is not biased by political ambition or technological determinism. The operational framework proposed aims to understand the nature of communication between citizens, governments, and the civil society among other stakeholders in the contemporary media landscape by using the concept of genre systems for this purpose.
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| 41. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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A mobile e-learning environment for developing countries : The Bangladesh Virtual Interactive Classroom
- 2010
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Ingår i: Information Technology for Development. - Oxfordshire, United Kingdom : Routledge. - 0268-1102 .- 1554-0170. ; 16:4, s. 244-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports a project working to improve distance education in Bangladesh by means of a low-cost, large-scale interactive learning environment using video, mobile phones, SMS-based tools administered in a Learning Management System, and innovative pedagogy based on the student-centred learning model. The paper addresses the question of, how to use existing mobile telephony technical infrastructure to create interactive learning environments which can reach the majority of the population, be able to include many thousand students, and be sustainable from a resource perspective including the operational model of institutions providing education. This question includes challenges relating to pedagogy and teaching methods, technical tools for learning and communication, and institutional arrangements. The paper addresses these challenges by the illustrative case of the Bangladesh Virtual Interactive Classroom testing the tools and ideas in course at Bangladesh Open University (BOU). We find that our tools are feasible and usable but also that sustainability requires meeting organizational and social challenges. This research contributes by providing the first LMS that can be fully used from standard mobile phones and by showing how to arrange low-cost distance tuition with only minimal ICT infrastructure, an example transferable to other developing countries.
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| 45. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-
(författare)
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Att förändra skolan med teknik: Bortom "en dator per elev"
- 2014
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- "En dator per elev" är inte ett it-projekt utan ett förändringsprojekt. I den processen är det skolhuvudmännen som har bollen och det gäller för dem att sprida de positiva erfarenheterna till alla skolor. I den här boken pekar vi ut fem utvecklingsområden och diskuterar hur man bör gå tillväga.
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| 46. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Bangladesh virtual classroom : eLearning for all – today
- 2008
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Ingår i: Collaboration and the knowledge economy. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781586039240 ; , s. 1565-1572
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We developed low-cost, effective ICT to improve distance education in Bangladesh, using video and SMS to implement innovative pedagogy and to create a large-scale interactive learning environment for students, hitherto not existing. We develop sustainable strategies for ICT use in education including curriculum development, teacher education for interactive learning, and a new business model. Being the first of its kind world-wide, the project will serve as a role model for how to arrange low-cost distance tuition requiring only minimal ICT infrastructure, an example providing valuable experiences transferable to other developing countries. The project addresses technical factors (development of interactive technology) as well as social ones (introducing and sustaining interactivity in education) and the business model for distance tuition (engaging local learning centres, telecommunication management).
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| 49. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Citizens’ use of new media in authoritarian regimes : A case study of Uganda
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries. - Hong Kong, China : City University of Hong Kong Press. - 1681-4835. ; 67:1, s. 1-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By subsidizing the costs of civic participation, the use of the Internet is believed to stimulate participation but there are fears that intensive Internet use causes withdrawal from public life. This paper investigates the connection between the way individuals participate online and offline in authoritarian, low-income regimes, and the nature of eParticipation among citizens in authoritarian regimes such as Uganda. Based on personal interviews with 116 Internet users, the study found that common drivers of eParticipation, such as low cost, security and anonymity are hard to transplant into the offline world for citizens of authoritarian states such as Uganda. Perceived risks of retribution and intimidation for expressing a particular opinion or supporting a political cause mean that citizen-to-citizen participation is the predominant form but still at low levels, while citizen-to-government participation is negligible.
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