| 1. |
- Buytaert, Wouter, et al.
(författare)
-
Citizen science in hydrology and water resources : opportunities for knowledge generation , ecosystem service management , and sustainable development
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Earth Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-6463. ; 2:October, s. 1-21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The participation of the general public in the research design, data collection and interpretation process together with scientists is often referred to as citizen science. While citizen science itself has existed since the start of scientific practice, developments in sensing technology, data processing and visualization, and communication of ideas and results, are creating a wide range of new opportunities for public participation in scientific research. This paper reviews the state of citizen science in a hydrological context and explores the potential of citizen science to complement more traditional ways of scientific data collection and knowledge generation for hydrological sciences and water resources management. Although hydrological data collection often involves advanced technology, the advent of robust, cheap, and low-maintenance sensing equipment provides unprecedented opportunities for data collection in a citizen science context. These data have a significant potential to create new hydrological knowledge, especially in relation to the characterization of process heterogeneity, remote regions, and human impacts on the water cycle. However, the nature and quality of data collected in citizen science experiments is potentially very different from those of traditional monitoring networks. This poses challenges in terms of their processing, interpretation, and use, especially with regard to assimilation of traditional knowledge, the quantification of uncertainties, and their role in decision support. It also requires care in designing citizen science projects such that the generated data complement optimally other available knowledge. Lastly, using 4 case studies from remote mountain regions we reflect on the challenges and opportunities in the integration of hydrologically-oriented citizen science in water resources management, the role of scientific knowledge in the decision-making process, and the potential contestation to established community institutions posed by co-generation of new knowledge.
|
|
| 2. |
- Downey, Harriet, et al.
(författare)
-
Training future generations to deliver evidence-based conservation and ecosystem management
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Ecological Solutions and Evidence. - : Wiley. - 2688-8319. ; 2:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. To be effective, the next generation of conservation practitioners and managers need to be critical thinkers with a deep understanding of how to make evidence-based decisions and of the value of evidence synthesis.2. If, as educators, we do not make these priorities a core part of what we teach, we are failing to prepare our students to make an effective contribution to conservation practice.3. To help overcome this problem we have created open access online teaching materials in multiple languages that are stored in Applied Ecology Resources. So far, 117 educators from 23 countries have acknowledged the importance of this and are already teaching or about to teach skills in appraising or using evidence in conservation decision-making. This includes 145 undergraduate, postgraduate or professional development courses.4. We call for wider teaching of the tools and skills that facilitate evidence-based conservation and also suggest that providing online teaching materials in multiple languages could be beneficial for improving global understanding of other subject areas.
|
|
| 3. |
- Grainger, Sam, et al.
(författare)
-
The development and intersection of highland-coastal scale frames : a case study of water governance in central Peru
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 21:4, s. 373-390
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scale framing makes an important difference to how complex environmental policy issues are defined and understood by different groups of actors. Increasing urban water demand and uncertain future climatic conditions in the Andes present major water governance challenges for the coastal regions of Peru. An understudied dimension of Peruvian water governance is how scale framing shapes the way problems are defined, and solutions are pursued. Here, we aim to strengthen the understanding of scale framing as it relates to highland-coastal interactions in central Peru between 2004 and 2015. By analysing this period of significant water governance reforms, we identify five prominent water-related frame dimensions and three differently scaled policy storylines and reveal how they developed and intersected over time. The storylines, supported by particular visualisations, either foreground 'urbanshed'-level investment in water supply infrastructure, community-level cultural restoration for improved local agricultural production, or nationwide watershed-level financial mechanisms for highland ecosystem conservation. Our study shows how the intersection of these storylines at different moments during the policy process often had a strengthening effect, creating a coalition of actors who were then able to generate sufficient momentum and support within the Peruvian government for the implementation of conservation-based watershed investments.
|
|
| 4. |
- Jin, Hongxiao, et al.
(författare)
-
Higher vegetation sensitivity to meteorological drought in autumn than spring across European biomes
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Communications Earth and Environment. - 2662-4435. ; 4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Europe has experienced severe drought events in recent decades, posing challenges to understand vegetation responses due to diverse vegetation distribution, varying growth stages, different drought characteristics, and concurrent hydroclimatic factors. To analyze vegetation response to meteorological drought, we employed multiple vegetation indicators across European biomes. Our findings reveal that vegetation sensitivity to drought increases as the canopy develops throughout the year, with sensitivities from −0.01 in spring to 0.28 in autumn and drought-susceptible areas from 18.5 to 57.8% in Europe. Soil water shortage exacerbates vegetation-drought sensitivity temporally, while its spatial impact is limited. Vegetation-drought sensitivity strongly correlates with vapor pressure deficit and partially with atmospheric CO2 concentration. These results highlight the spatiotemporal variations in vegetation-drought sensitivities and the influence of hydroclimatic factors. The findings enhance our understanding of vegetation response to drought and the impact of concurrent hydroclimatic factors, providing valuable sub-seasonal information for water management and drought preparedness.
|
|
| 5. |
- Karpouzoglou, Timon, et al.
(författare)
-
Environmental Virtual Observatories (EVOs) : prospects for knowledge co-creation and resilience in the Information Age
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. - : Elsevier. - 1877-3435 .- 1877-3443. ; 18, s. 40-48
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developments in technologies are shaping information access globally. This presents opportunities and challenges for understanding the role of new technologies in sustainability research. This article focuses on a suite of technologies termed Environmental Virtual Observatories (EVOs) developed for communicating observations and simulation of environmental processes. A strength of EVOs is that they are open and decentralised, thus democratising flow and ownership of information between multiple actors. However, EVOs are discussed rarely beyond their technical aspects. By evaluating the evolution of EVOs, we illustrate why it is timely to engage with policy and societal aspects as well. While first generation EVOs are primed for scientists, second generation EVOs can have broader implications for knowledge co-creation and resilience through their participatory design.
|
|
