| 1. |
- Cusumano, Linda, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Current benefits and future possibilities with digital field reporting
- 2024
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT. - 1562-3599 .- 2331-2327.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile phones and tablets enable contractors to digitally collect large amounts of production remarks and facilitate the acquisition. The increased data access and machine learning techniques allow the construction industry to take a significant step forward in shifting from implicit to explicit knowledge. However, this step requires both standardisation and data quality assurance combined with project incitements ensuring continuous data collection. Therefore, this study examines the current data quality and standardisation of inspection data generated using the production software Dalux Field, mining a dataset of more than 95000 production issues. Additionally, a survey of production software users assesses project and project member benefits and future possibilities with digital inspection reporting. The results show considerable benefits with digital inspection reporting, such as time savings, cost reductions and increased general quality control. However, the standardisation in reporting between projects and team members is low. Finally, this paper suggests methods for improving data quality and standardization for automation of the data analysis, allowing new projects in project-based organisations to benefit from previous project experiences.
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| 2. |
- Cusumano, Linda, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Data-driven and production-oriented tendering design using artificial intelligence
- 2024
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Ingår i: IABSE Symposium Manchester 2024: Construction's Role for a World in Emergency. - 9783857482045 ; , s. 107-114
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Construction projects are facing an increase in requirements, making requirement managementlabour intense. Therefore, this research project explores possibilities to automate the requirementanalysis in the bidding phase and link these requirements to verifications in the production phase.The first part of the research targets the requirement analysis and applies natural languageprocessing techniques for automation possibilities. The second part of the research exploresproduction data as a data-driven verification method and how the data can be used in knowledgefeedback loops. The results show that applying natural language processing techniques for analysingconstruction project requirements is a possible step towards systematic requirementsmanagement. Furthermore, production data can be used as a knowledge base for qualityimprovement in construction companies.
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| 3. |
- Cusumano, Linda, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Intelligent building contract tendering - potential and exploration
- 2022
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Ingår i: IABSE Symposium Prague, 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures - Report. - Zurich, Switzerland : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE). ; , s. 1902-1909
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Project tendering is the construction business “Tightrope-walking.” It is a time-limited balance act where technical and business specialists find the best technical proposal at the right price. The purpose and aim of this study were to explore artificial intelligence (AI) in the tender work and to identify challenges and possibilities with data-driven decision-making. An AI work support tool was adopted and used to extract and process client requirements. The tool and digital-work procedure were presented and discussed with tender specialists from a large contractor in a workshop. A two-step survey was performed in connection to the workshop, investigating the potential users' insights and attitudes for implementation. The main result and conclusion were that AI and digitalization could support tendering; however, successfully generating business value will require higher levels of digitalization, well-structured databases, and access to historical project data.
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| 4. |
- Cusumano, Linda, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Natural language processing as work support in project tendering
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems. - London : CRC Press. - 9781003348443 ; , s. 1583-1588
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When producing a tender, contractors manually analyze client requirements contained within many different text documents. The combination of requirements lead to crucial design decisions and every decision is related to costs and risks. This study explores the possibility of making the client requirement analysis in design-bid contracts automated to reduce the risk of conceptual design mistakes. The research approach chosen includes developing a work support tool based on natural language processing and analyzing its usefulness through a combination of surveys and a workshop for tendering specialist. The results show that applying digitalized working methods and using artificial intelligence in the tender phase can enable data-informed decision making and generate benchmarking and risk management opportunities. The study contributes to insights regarding automation and digitization possibilities in tender projects and how artificial intelligence tools can be designed for supporting data-driven decisions.
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| 5. |
- Cusumano, Linda, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Systems engineering in the building construction industry: comparison with the telecom industry
- 2024
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Ingår i: Procedia Computer Science. - 1877-0509. ; 239, s. 66-73
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When project sizes, integrated technology, and demand for sustainability increase, the construction industry faces requirements increase. Fulfilling the requirements is essential to the project's success, but fragmentation in the design and production phases makes requirements management time-consuming and complex. An approach to more systematic requirement management found in other industries is systems engineering. Through interviews and a workshop, this research project explores the applicability and benefits of a systems engineering approach in the construction industry. Several differences and similarities have been identified by comparing the systems. The results show that adopting a systems engineering approach in the construction industry can improve requirements management, understanding of the entire project scope and enhance overall project quality.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Det är obalansen som är problemet
- 2004
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Ingår i: KommunAktuellt. ; :16, 6 maj
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Debatten har länge rasat om sjukskrivningarnas kostnader, men sett över en längretid är det arbetslöshetens kostnader som ökat. Det visar en forskarstudie om bruk av offentliga försörjningssystem som tagits fram på initiativ av de samverkande myndigheterna i Västmanland. Den redovisar hur de offentliga försörjningsinkomsterna har utvecklats efter 1990 och hur de är sammansatta och fördelade i befolkningen.
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| 7. |
- Granath, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Sjuksiffror starkt överdrivna
- 2004
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet: Brännpunkt. ; :18 oktober
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- FRISKARE SVERIGE. Siffran en miljon bidragsförsörjda svenskar är inte korrekt. Den baseras på en statistisk konstruktion som leder fel i den heta debatten om det sjuka Sverige, skriver två höga chefer vid Försäkringskassan och Länsarbetsnämnden samt två forskare vid Mälardalens högskola.
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| 8. |
- Hammarström, Lars G. J., et al.
(författare)
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The Oncolytic Efficacy and in Vivo Pharmacokinetics of [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)quinolin-4-yl](piperidine-2-yl)methanol (Vacquinol-1) Are Governed by Distinct Stereochemical Features
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 59:18, s. 8577-8592
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma remains an incurable brain cancer. Drugs developed in the past 20 years have not improved the prognosis for patients, necessitating the development of new treatments. We have previously reported the therapeutic potential of the quinoline methanol Vacquinol-1 (1) that targets glioblastoma cells and induces cell death by catastrophic vacuolization. Compound 1 is a mixture of four stereoisomers due to the two adjacent stereogenic centers in the molecule, complicating further development in the preclinical setting. This work describes the isolation and characterization of the individual isomers of 1 and shows that these display stereospecific pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features. In addition, we present a stereoselective synthesis of the active isomers, providing a basis for further development of this compound series into a novel experimental therapeutic for glioblastoma.
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| 9. |
- Martling, A, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in the treatment of rectal cancer : a population based study
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Surgical Oncology. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0748-7983 .- 1532-2157. ; 35:4, s. 427-433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Colorectal cancer is the second most common type of cancer in both women and men in Sweden. A National Quality Register for rectal adenocarcinoma in Sweden has included 97% of all rectal cancer patients since 1995. A previous study, based on data from the treatment program register in the Stockholm-Gotland region. found that women in Stockholm received preoperative radiotherapy (RT) less often than men [Martling A. Rectal cancer: staging, radiotherapy and surgery, ISBN: 91-7349-461-5. Stockholm: Karolinska Institute: 2003].(1) The aim of this study was to assess if women and men with rectal cancer receive equal treatment oil a national level, and whether any potential dissimilarity causes measurable consequences in Outcome. regarding postoperative morbidity and mortality, turnout, recurrence and Survival.Methods: All patients with rectal cancer included in the National Quality Register between 1995 and 2002 (11 774 patients) were analysed. Gender was correlated to treatment, postoperative morbidity and mortality, local recurrence and death.Results: The proportion of women selected for preoperative RT was significantly lower than that of men (42.5% vs. 50.1%, p < 0.001). After adjustment for other prognostic factors, the significant difference in the treatment strategy among women and men persisted. Postoperative mortality was significantly higher in men than in women and the gender difference was most pronounced in irradiated patients. RT improved local control significantly in both women and men but it had no effect oil cancer specific survival.Conclusions: For unknown reasons women less often received adjuvant RT than men. The opposite appeared to be a more adequate alternative. There is a need of improved selection criteria for RT in both men and women with rectal cancer.
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| 10. |
- Santangelo, James S., et al.
(författare)
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Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural dines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale.
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| 11. |
- Sidebäck, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetslösa större problem än sjuka
- 2004
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. ; :1 april
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Debatten har länge rasat om sjukskrivningarna, men arbetslösheten kostar mera. Sjukskrivningarna kostar fortfarande 25 procent mindre än 1990, medan arbetslösheten är 130 procent dyrare. Det visar en ny studie i Västmanland, men utvecklingen är densamma för hela riket. I Västmanland har de årliga utgifterna för a-kassa, sjukpeng, förtidspension och socialbidrag länge legat på oförändrade 4 miljarder kronor, oavsett om tiderna varit goda eller dåliga. Om ansträngningarna att få ned kostnaderna skall lyckas måste i första hand arbetslösheten angripas, skriver bland andra forskarna Göran Sidebäck och Lars Sundbom vid Mälardalens högskola.
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| 12. |
- Tondel, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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137Cs activity in Sweden after the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident in relation to quaternary geology and land use
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Geochemistry. - 0883-2927 .- 1872-9134. ; 87, s. 38-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- After the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident 137Cs was deposited in Mid-Sweden, with the highest activity in Gävle municipality. We compared aerial measurements of 137Cs on the ground over time in Gävle municipality since 1986. Maps of soil types and land use were used to analyse the decrease in activity of 137Cs. A spatial pattern was identified where the reduction of activity was greater in sand than in organic soil. For land use the reduction was greater in urban areas than in forests, with agricultural land in between. Long-term external radiation from 137Cs depends not only on the physical decay of 137Cs but also indirectly on geology, and this should be considered when calculating external radiation doses to individuals in epidemiological studies.
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