| 1. |
- Skjerven, H. O., et al.
(författare)
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Skin emollient and early complementary feeding to prevent infant atopic dermatitis (PreventADALL): a factorial, multicentre, cluster-randomised trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 0140-6736. ; 395:10228, s. 951-961
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Skin emollients applied during early infancy could prevent atopic dermatitis, and early complementary food introduction might reduce food allergy in high-risk infants. The study aimed to determine if either regular skin emollients applied from 2 weeks of age, or early complementary feeding introduced between 12 and 16 weeks of age, reduced development of atopic dermatitis by age 12 months in the general infant population. Methods: This population-based 2×2 factorial, randomised clinical trial was done at Oslo University Hospital and Østfold Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway; and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Infants of women recruited antenatally at the routine ultrasound pregnancy screening at 18 weeks were cluster-randomised at birth from 2015 to 2017 to the following groups: (1) controls with no specific advice on skin care while advised to follow national guidelines on infant nutrition (no intervention group); (2) skin emollients (bath additives and facial cream; skin intervention group); (3) early complementary feeding of peanut, cow's milk, wheat, and egg (food intervention group); or (4) combined skin and food interventions (combined intervention group). Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) using computer- generated cluster randomisation based on 92 geographical living area blocks as well as eight 3-month time blocks. Carers were instructed to apply the interventions on at least 4 days per week. Atopic dermatitis by age 12 months was the primary outcome, based on clinical investigations at 3, 6 and 12 months by investigators masked to group allocation. Atopic dermatitis was assessed after completing the 12-month investigations and diagnosed if either of the UK Working Party and Hanifin and Rajka (12 months only) diagnostic criteria were fulfilled. The primary efficacy analyses was done by intention-to-treat analysis on all randomly assigned participants. Food allergy results will be reported once all investigations at age 3 years are completed in 2020. This was a study performed within ORAACLE (the Oslo Research Group of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood; the Lung and Environment). The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02449850. Findings: 2697 women were recruited between Dec 9, 2014, and Oct 31, 2016, from whom 2397 newborn infants were enrolled from April 14, 2015, to April 11, 2017. Atopic dermatitis was observed in 48 (8%) of 596 infants in the no intervention group, 64 (11%) of 575 in the skin intervention group, 58 (9%) of 642 in the food intervention group, and 31 (5%) of 583 in the combined intervention group. Neither skin emollients nor early complementary feeding reduced development of atopic dermatitis, with a risk difference of 3·1% (95% CI –0·3 to 6·5) for skin intervention and 1·0% (–2·1 to 4·1) for food intervention, in favour of control. No safety concerns with the interventions were identified. Reported skin symptoms and signs (including itching, oedema, exanthema, dry skin, and urticaria) were no more frequent in the skin, food, and combined intervention groups than in the no intervention group. Interpretation: Neither early skin emollients nor early complementary feeding reduced development of atopic dermatitis by age 12 months. Our study does not support the use of these interventions to prevent atopic dermatitis by 12 months of age in infants. Funding: The study was funded by several public and private funding bodies: The Regional Health Board South East, The Norwegian Research Council, Health and Rehabilitation Norway, The Foundation for Healthcare and Allergy Research in Sweden-Vårdalstiftelsen, Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association's Research Foundation, Swedish Research Council—the Initiative for Clinical Therapy Research, The Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, SFO-V at the Karolinska Institute, Freemason Child House Foundation in Stockholm, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare—FORTE, Oslo University Hospital, the University of Oslo, and Østfold Hospital Trust. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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| 2. |
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| 4. |
- Heggebo, L. C., et al.
(författare)
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Investigating survival, quality of life and cognition in PROton versus photon therapy for IDH-mutated diffuse grade 2 and 3 GLIOmas (PRO-GLIO): a randomised controlled trial in Norway and Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Bmj Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 13:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThe use of proton therapy increases globally despite a lack of randomised controlled trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety. Proton therapy enables sparing of non-neoplastic tissue from radiation. This is principally beneficial and holds promise of reduced long-term side effects. However, the sparing of seemingly non-cancerous tissue is not necessarily positive for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutated diffuse gliomas grade 2-3, which have a diffuse growth pattern. With their relatively good prognosis, yet incurable nature, therapy needs to be delicately balanced to achieve a maximal survival benefit combined with an optimised quality of life.Methods and analysisPRO-GLIO (PROton versus photon therapy in IDH-mutated diffuse grade 2 and 3 GLIOmas) is an open-label, multicentre, randomised phase III non-inferiority study. 224 patients aged 18-65 years with IDH-mutated diffuse gliomas grade 2-3 from Norway and Sweden will be randomised 1:1 to radiotherapy delivered with protons (experimental arm) or photons (standard arm). First intervention-free survival at 2 years is the primary endpoint. Key secondary endpoints are fatigue and cognitive impairment, both at 2 years. Additional secondary outcomes include several survival measures, health-related quality of life parameters and health economy endpoints.Ethics and disseminationTo implement proton therapy as part of standard of care for patients with IDH-mutated diffuse gliomas grade 2-3, it should be deemed safe. With its randomised controlled design testing proton versus photon therapy, PRO-GLIO will provide important information for this patient population concerning safety, cognition, fatigue and other quality of life parameters. As proton therapy is considerably more costly than its photon counterpart, cost-effectiveness will also be evaluated. PRO-GLIO is approved by ethical committees in Norway (Regional Committee for Medical & Health Research Ethics) and Sweden (The Swedish Ethical Review Authority) and patient inclusion has commenced. Trial results will be published in international peer-reviewed journals, relevant conferences, national and international meetings and expert forums.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT05190172).
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| 5. |
- Lindgren, S., et al.
(författare)
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Laser flip-chip mounting for passive alignment and high-frequency modulation
- 1996
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Ingår i: Optical Communication, 1996. ECOC ’96. 22nd European Conference on. ; , s. 103-106
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a silicon motherboard for flip-chip mounting of lasers in a way that is compatible with high-frequency modulation (24 GHz) and which allows passive alignment of the lasers to single-mode fibres.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- DAWODY, JAZAER, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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E4-Mistra, a research program for the development of an energy efficient low emission exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles
- 2012
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Ingår i: World Renewable Energy Forum, WREF 2012, Including World Renewable Energy Congress XII and Colorado Renewable Energy Society (CRES) Annual Conference. - : American Solar Energy Society. - 9781622760923 ; , s. 4530-4536
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a unique system approach applied in a joint academic - industrial research program, E4 Mistra, to reach the goals of energy efficiency and low emissions exhaust aftertreatment system for heavy duty vehicles. The high energy efficiency is achieved by heat recuperation, on-board hydrogen production for use in both an auxiliary power unit and for NOx reduction and by finding new solutions for making the after-treatment system active at low exhaust temperatures. To reach low particulate emissions a mechanical filter using a sintered metal filter is developed. Low NOx emissions are achieved by an efficient NOx reduction catalyst. The system is based on four technological advances: Thermoelectric material s for heat recuperation, catalytic reduction of NOx over innovative catalyst substrates using hydrocarbons from the fuel and H2 from a high efficiency fuel reformer, and particulate filtration over a porous metal filter.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Granlund, P. A., et al.
(författare)
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Survey of 23 Nordic university hospitals showed that 77% lacked written procedures for measuring and interpreting blood pressure in infants
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253. ; 108:2, s. 266-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim This study determined the use of standardised procedures for infant noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurements in the Nordic countries and aimed to identify factors included in the standardisation and interpretation of NIBP measurements in infants. Methods A cross-sectional electronic questionnaire survey was sent to 84 physicians in all 23 university hospitals in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland and Iceland and was completed from February to March 2017. The survey contained respondent characteristics, the presence and description of standardised procedures for NIBP measurements, daily practice of NIBP measurements and methodological considerations and interpretation of NIBP measurements in a healthy six-month-old child. Results We received responses from 55 of 84 physicians working in all 23 Nordic university hospitals, in paediatric cardiology (n = 22), general paediatrics (n = 16), paediatric nephrology (n = 14) and other fields (n = 3). Less than a quarter (23%) said their hospital issued specific NIBP procedures relating to infants and they referred to 19 different sources of information. The factors that were most commonly assessed for interpretation were age (100%), arousal state (78%) and cuff size (76%). Conclusion Most of the university hospital units treating children lacked age-specific written procedures for measuring and interpreting infant NIBP, and there is a strong need for common Nordic guidelines.
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| 10. |
- Rehbinder, EM, et al.
(författare)
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Dry skin and skin barrier in early infancy
- 2019
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Ingår i: The British journal of dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 181:1, s. 218-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Roll-Pettersson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Familjers behov - lärares behov
- 1999
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Ingår i: Elever med flera funktionsnedsättningar i särskolan. - Stockholm : Stiftelsen Ala. - 9176700712
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
- Alfredson, J., et al.
(författare)
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Design of a distributed human factors laboratory for future air systems
- 2018
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Ingår i: 31st Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2018. - : International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences. - 9783932182884
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a rationale for structuring a distributed human factors laboratory for future air systems. The distributed herein refers to two aspects: content and geographic. As for content, the laboratory is structured in two levels, namely, individual, and team. As for geographic, the laboratory infrastructure is distributed in three physically separate facilities, namely, Department of Computer and Information Science (IDA) and Department of Management and Engineering (IEI) from Linköping University - Sweden and the Competence Center in Manufacturing from the Aeronautics Institute of Technology (ITA) - Brazil.
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| 14. |
- Björck-Åkesson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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ICF in AAC
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the 12th Isaac research conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Dada, S., et al.
(författare)
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PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES AND THEIR PEERS IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES : Comparison of Children with and without Disabilities
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Routledge Handbook of Inclusive Education for Teacher Educators. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 9781000843415 - 9781032129877 ; , s. 157-190
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Participation in all aspects of life is a right of children. However, in high-income countries, children with developmental disabilities (DD) are not afforded the same participation as their peers with typical development (TD). This can affect their life experiences and academic success. For children with DD, most of whom live in low- and middle–income countries (LMIC), understanding of how patterns of participation differ from their peers with TD is limited, which impacts how they are included in the classroom. This study described research on the participation of children with DD and their peers with TD in LMIC. A scoping review was conducted for studies on the participation of children with DD and their peers with TD from LMIC, using established assessments. Sixteen studies from eight middle-income countries were identified. These studies suggested that decreased participation for children with DD in comparison to their peers with TD was prevalent. Overall, the participation of children with DD and their peers with TD followed a similar pattern in the LMIC countries to that in high-income countries, with children with DD having lower participation in physical, social and skill-based activities, suggesting that the participation of children may follow universal patterns.
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| 17. |
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| 23. |
- Gandasi, Nikhil, et al.
(författare)
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Glutamine Uptake via SNAT6 and Caveolin Regulates Glutamine-Glutamate Cycle
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067 .- 1661-6596. ; 22:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SLC38A6 (SNAT6) is the only known member of the SLC38 family that is expressed exclusively in the excitatory neurons of the brain. It has been described as an orphan transporter with an unknown substrate profile, therefore very little is known about SNAT6. In this study, we addressed the substrate specificity, mechanisms for internalization of SNAT6, and the regulatory role of SNAT6 with specific insights into the glutamate-glutamine cycle. We used tritium-labeled amino acids in order to demonstrate that SNAT6 is functioning as a glutamine and glutamate transporter. SNAT6 revealed seven predicted transmembrane segments in a homology model and was localized to caveolin rich sites at the plasma membrane. SNAT6 has high degree of specificity for glutamine and glutamate. Presence of these substrates enables formation of SNAT6-caveolin complexes that aids in sodium dependent trafficking of SNAT6 off the plasma membrane. To further understand its mode of action, several potential interacting partners of SNAT6 were identified using bioinformatics. Among them where CTP synthase 2 (CTPs2), phosphate activated glutaminase (Pag), and glutamate metabotropic receptor 2 (Grm2). Co-expression analysis, immunolabeling with co-localization analysis and proximity ligation assays of these three proteins with SNAT6 were performed to investigate possible interactions. SNAT6 can cycle between cytoplasm and plasma membrane depending on availability of substrates and interact with Pag, synaptophysin, CTPs2, and Grm2. Our data suggest a potential role of SNAT6 in glutamine uptake at the pre-synaptic terminal of excitatory neurons. We propose here a mechanistic model of SNAT6 trafficking that once internalized influences the glutamate-glutamine cycle in presence of its potential interacting partners.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Granlund, L.J.
(författare)
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Biaxial testing of structural steel with cross shaped specimen
- 1995
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Ingår i: Nordic Steel Construction Conference '95. - Stockholm : Stålbyggnadsinstitutet. - 9171270094 ; , s. 49-56
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid development of computer capacity makes it possible to perform more and more complicated design calculations. The accuracy obtained in such calculations depends on the correctness of the material model that is used. The number of theoretical models and concepts available are more than sufficient, but no model that can describe the characteristic behaviour of structural steel in a proper way can be found. This paper presents a concept for biaxial testing of flat products in structural steel that can provide the necessary parameters for a model. The frame is a two cylinder self aligning concept designed at the Division of Steel Structures at the University of Technology in Lulea, Sweden. The results of a preliminary series of tests are presented in which the initial yield criterion and the flow rule are studied. The material chosen is Domex240YP which is a mild hot rolled sheet steel similar to S235 but also suitable for cold forming.
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| 26. |
- Granlund, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Antimicrobial resistance in colonizing group B Streptococci before the implementation of a Swedish intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis program.
- 2010
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Ingår i: European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-4373 .- 0934-9723. ; 29:10, s. 1195-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of antibiotic resistance and their genetic determinants in colonizing group B streptococci (GBS) sampled in a Swedish nationwide survey was examined. In five GBS isolates (1.3%), kanamycin/amikacin resistance and the presence of the aphA-3 gene was identified. Three of these isolates carried the aad-6 gene and were streptomycin-resistant. Screening with kanamycin and streptomycin 1,000-μg disks enabled a rapid and easy detection of these isolates. In all, 312/396 (79%) GBS were tetracycline-resistant and 95% of the examined isolates harbored the tetM gene. Among the 22 (5.5%) GBS resistant to erythromycin and/or clindamycin, the ermB gene was detected in nine isolates (41%) and erm(A/TR) in ten isolates (45%). A high level of erythromycin and clindamycin resistance with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) >256mg/L was found in four serotype V isolates that harbored ermB. The erythromycin/clindamycin resistance was distributed among all of the common serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V, but was not present in any of the 44 serotype III isolates associated to clonal complex 17. Screening for penicillin resistance with 1-μg oxacillin disks showed a homogenous population with a mean inhibition zone of 20mm. A change in the present oxacillin breakpoints for GBS is suggested.
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| 35. |
- Granlund, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Vad kännetecknar effektiva team?
- 1999
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Ingår i: En friare skola. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144009747 ; , s. 211-226
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 36. |
- Hsieh, Yu-Hsin, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Increasing participation in computer activities using eye-gaze assistive technology for children with complex needs
- 2024
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 19:2, s. 492-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Eye-gaze assistive technology offers children with severe motor and communication difficulties the opportunity to access and control a computer through eye movements. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of eye-gaze assistive technology intervention on participation in computer activities and technology usability among children with complex needs in Taiwan.Materials and methods: This study involved a multiple baseline design across individuals. The participants were four children aged three to six years with severe motor and communication difficulties and low eye-control skills. The six-month intervention consisted of two collaborative team meetings and 12 individual supports to facilitate the use of eye-gaze assistive technology at home or in educational environments. Participation in computer activities (diversity, frequency, and duration) was repeatedly measured through a computer use diary. Other outcomes included assessments of goal achievements and parents/teachers’ ratings on children’s performance in computer activities.Results: The young children increased the diversity of their computer activities and their frequency and duration of computer use from baseline to the intervention phase. The children attained six of eight predefined goals related to play, communication, and school learning. Parents and teachers perceived the children’s changes in performance as meaningful.Conclusion: This study strengthens the evidence that eye-gaze assistive technology is useful in everyday contexts for children with complex needs in Taiwan. The findings add knowledge that children with weak eye-control skills increased participation in computer activities as a result of the eye-gaze assistive technology.
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| 37. |
- Hsieh, Yu-Hsin, et al.
(författare)
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Using eye-gaze assistive technology for participation in computer activities in young pupils with severe motor and speech difficulties
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background. Using a computer facilitates a broader range of participation in educational activities within the classroom and the home environments for students with disabilities. Nevertheless, pupils with severe motor and speech difficulties encountered challenges gaining access to and interacting with a computer. Eye-gaze assistive technology offers the opportunity to control a computer through eye movements, emulating a mouse or keyboard to perform computer activities. Research on the effects of applying eye-gaze technology for young pupils with severe disabilities in everyday contexts is insufficient. Research aim. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of a six-month eye-gaze technology program on pupils’ participation in computer activities. Theoretical framework. This study is based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Children and Youth (ICF-CY) proposed by World Health Organization, focusing on the enablement of participation through environmental support. That is, applying eye-gaze technology and services to support children’s participation in play, communication, and learning. Methods. A multiple baseline design across individuals was conducted. Four young pupils in Taiwan, ages three to six, with severe cerebral palsy or neurometabolic disorders took part in this study. They all had severe motor and speech difficulties and unspecified cognitive impairments. They had low skills of eye control on a computer screen before the intervention. The eye-gaze technology intervention included an eye-gaze assistive device and service. Each pupil received play/leisure program and individualized content with dynamic pages in communication, learning, and leisure activities tailored to their interests and needs. Parents and teachers participated in two team meetings and received twelve individual supports by the health care professionals and researcher jointly to facilitate the use of eye-gaze technology in educational settings or at home. The primary outcome was participation in computer activities (diversity of activities, frequency, and duration of use), repeatedly measured by a computer use diary. Another outcome was the assessment of goal achievements using the Goal Attainment Scaling). Results. All pupils increased their diversity of computer activities from baseline to the intervention phase (1-2 to 3-6 activities). The most common computer activities were playing games and communication. They also showed an increase in the frequency of use (0.3-2 to 2.2-3.2 days/week) and duration of computer use (effect size = 0.76) from baseline to the intervention phase. Six of eight predetermined goals in play, communication, and school learning were achieved. Relevance to Nordic educational research. This study provides evidence that eye-gaze technology could be introduced at early ages for pupils with severe motor and speech difficulties to increase participation in computer activities. Future research is needed to investigate the facilitators and barriers of implementing eye-gaze technology in school contexts for pupils with severe disabilities. Conclusion. The findings add knowledge that young pupils with severe disabilities and low eye control skills can learn to use eye-gaze technology at home or in school, which could be helpful for their communication and learning potential.
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| 38. |
- Imms, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Participation, both a means and an end : a conceptual analysis of processes and outcomes in childhood disability
- 2017
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Ingår i: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 59:1, s. 16-25
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review outlines a conceptual approach to inform research and practice aimed at supporting children whose lives are complicated by impairment and/or chronic medical conditions, and their families. ‘Participation’ in meaningful life activities should be an essential intervention goal, to meet the challenges of healthy growth and development, and to provide opportunities to help ensure that young people with impairments reach their full potential across their lifespan. Intervention activities and research can focus on participation as either an independent or dependent variable. The proposed framework and associated hypotheses are applicable to children and young people with a wide variety of conditions, and to their families. In taking a fresh ‘non-categorical’ perspective to health for children and young people, asking new questions, and exploring issues in innovative ways, we expect to learn lessons and to develop creative solutions that will ultimately benefit children with a wide variety of impairments and challenges, and their families, everywhere.
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| 39. |
- Klingspor, L., et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of fungaemia in Sweden: A nationwide retrospective observational survey
- 2018
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Ingår i: Mycoses. - : Wiley. - 0933-7407 .- 1439-0507. ; 61:10, s. 777-785
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo identify the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibilities of Candida spp. among blood culture isolates to identify the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibilities of Candida spp. among blood culture isolates in Sweden. MethodsThe study was a retrospective, observational nationwide laboratory-based surveillance for fungaemia and fungal meningitis and was conducted from September 2015 to August 2016. ResultsIn total, 488 Candida blood culture isolates were obtained from 471 patients (58% males). Compared to our previous study, the incidence of candidaemia has increased from 4.2/100000 (2005-2006) to 4.7/100000 population/year (2015-2016). The three most common Candida spp. isolated from blood cultures were Candida albicans (54.7%), Candida glabrata (19.7%) and species in the Candida parapsilosis complex (9.4%). Candida resistance to fluconazole was 2% in C.albicans and between 0% and 100%, in non-albicans species other than C.glabrata and C.krusei. Resistance to voriconazole was rare, except for C.glabrata, C.krusei and C.tropicalis. Resistance to anidulafungin was 3.8% while no Candida isolate was resistant to amphotericin B. ConclusionsWe report an overall increase in candidaemia but a minor decrease of C.albicans while C.glabrata and C.parapsilosis remain constant over this 10-year period.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Magnusson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term use of noble metal alloy coated urinary catheters reduces recurrent CAUTI and decreases proinflammatory markers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Therapeutic advances in urology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1756-2872 .- 1756-2880. ; 11, s. 1756287219854915-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to investigate a case of a permanently (suprapubic) catheterized woman with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The patient had suffered from recurrent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) since 2009, despite several prevention approaches and attempts. In 2013, the patient’s catheter was substituted for the BIP Foley Catheter, coated with a noble metal alloy (NMA) of gold, silver, and palladium. Method: This is a retrospective–prospective clinical case study covering 4 years history for the control catheters and up to 2.5 years for the anti-infective BIP Foley Catheter. CAUTI incidences, symptoms, antibiotics, catheter performance, and comfort were evaluated. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines were measured pre- and post-substitution to BIP Foley Catheter in urine of the case and of four other permanently catheterized patients. In addition, the levels of noble metals were assessed in urine of the case subject during use of the BIP Foley Catheter. Results: While using control catheters, the patient experienced symptomatic CAUTIs requiring antibiotics almost every month for 4 years. After 1 month with the BIP Foley Catheter, the symptoms disappeared, and the patient remained free of symptomatic CAUTIs and antibiotic treatment for the following 2.5 years, despite bacteriuria. The patient was satisfied with the comfort during insertion, use, and removal of the BIP Foley Catheter. Urinary levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) decreased towards normal levels post catheter type substitution. Traces of noble metals detected in a few urine samples were ⩽4% of the permitted daily exposure. The levels of the noble metals gold, silver, and palladium remaining on the BIP Foley Catheter after use were the same as for unused catheters. Conclusion: Long-term use of a NMA-coated catheter was associated with cessation of frequent CAUTIs. The catheter was experienced as comfortable and inflammatory markers were reduced with time. The coating was stable, with no significant metal release into urine and is therefore safe for patient use.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Ullenhag, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A Strength-Based Intervention to Increase Participation in Leisure Activities in Children with Neuropsychiatric Disabilities: A Pilot Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Occupational therapy international. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1557-0703 .- 0966-7903. ; 2020, s. 1358707-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim is to evaluate the feasibility of an intervention model with a client-centered goal-directed approach with the aim to enhance the child’s participation in leisure activities, self-efficacy, and activity performance. A pilot intervention using a client-centered goal-directed approach and a single-subject design was performed. Two Swedish boys with neuropsychiatric diagnosis aged 12 and 14 years old were included, and 3 leisure activity goals were identified. The intervention was carried out over 8 weeks and took place in the adolescent’s everyday environment and at the pediatric rehabilitation center. The goal attainment of participation goals (GAS), the perceived performance ability according to the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), the self-efficacy, and the participants’ satisfaction were used to study the effect. The participants succeeded in attaining their leisure goals as specified by the GAS by achieving +2 on one goal and +1 on the other two goals. They estimated higher performance ability and self-efficacy in their goal performance. Participants, parents, and therapists were overall satisfied and found the intervention to be applicable and helpful in optimizing leisure participation. The intervention model with a client-centered goal-directed approach in which participants define their own leisure activity goals appears to be effective in increasing participation in leisure activities.
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| 45. |
- Ullenhag, A., et al.
(författare)
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Differences in patterns of participation in leisure activities in Swedish children with and without disabilities
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 36:6, s. 464-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare participation in leisure activities between Swedish children with and without disabilities and to examine whether age, gender, presence of disabilities, and mother's educational level influence participation. Method: A Swedish version of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment was used to study the diversity, intensity, and enjoyment of participation in leisure activities of children aged 6 to 17 years. Fifty-five of the children had disabilities and 337 of the children did not have disabilities. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the impact of age, gender, mother's level of education, and disability on the diversity, intensity, and enjoyment of leisure activities. A t-test for independent samples was used to compare the diversity and intensity of participation between children with and without disabilities. Results: The multiple regression analysis explained 4-36% of the variance of diversity, intensity, and enjoyment. Children with disabilities participated with higher diversity, but with less intensity, than children without disabilities. Younger children had higher levels of enjoyment. Conclusions: Children with disabilities participated in several different activities, but the presence of a disability was associated with lower intensity of participation. The low explanatory value of the investigated variables indicates that the combined effect of several variables needs to be taken into consideration when designing participation interventions.Implications for RehabilitationChildren with disabilities participated in a high number of activities but with a low intensity compared to children without disabilities. Analysis of the children's personal and environmental barriers and facilitators is critical to providing the therapist with ideas about which strategies should be implemented to increase participation. Assessment and intervention may need to focus on methods for supporting the children's autonomy and on creating goals for intervention that focus on activities that are determined by the child based on their interests and desires.Age and gender influenced the variance in the diversity and enjoyment outcome and the presence of disability was associated with the intensity outcome.Age, gender, parental educational level, and disability only explain a small proportion of the variance in leisure participation patterns. Thus, client-centred and individually tailored interventions are needed that are based on the individual's unique situation. © 2014 Informa UK Ltd. All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.
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