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- Colica, C., et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Patterns and Fractures risk in the elderly
- 2017
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Endocrinology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-2392. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:Although the role of dietary factors in the prevention of bone loss and fractures has been investigated in many studies, few studies have examined the association between dietary patterns and total body bone density. Our aim was to determine the relations between dietary patterns and whole-body bone mineral density (WB-BMD) and the association between dietary patterns, fractures, and multiple fractures in the elderly. Methods:This cross-sectional study included 177 individuals aged >= 65 years. A dual X-ray absorptiometry scan was performed to measure BMD. Dietary patterns were ascertained by a combination of dietary intake assessment and principal components analysis. Results:Only three dietary patterns correlated with whole-body bone density. The multivariate-adjusted mean bone density across tertiles of these dietary patterns showed that the highest tertile of both the patterns 1 and 2 had a significantly higher bone density than the lowest tertile (pattern 1:1.021 +/- 0.01 and 1.070 +/- 0.01 g/cm(2) for T1 and T3, respectively; p = 0.043; pattern 2:1.023 +/- 0.01, and 1.081 +/- 0.01 g/cm(2) for T1 and T3, respectively; p = 0.003). We also find significant gender difference in these results. The highest adherence to the dietary pattern 5 was associated with decreased odds of having fractures (OR = 0.20, p = 0.009), and adherence to the pattern 1 was negatively associated with multiple fractures. Conclusion:A high adherence to the dietary pattern 1 (high intake of grains, fish and olive oil) was associated with a high BMD and a low number of fractures. The highest adherence to the dietary pattern 5 (legumes and wine) was associated with decreased odds of having fractures. Our finding would suggest a potential bone-preserving properties of specific dietary patterns in the elderly.
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- Montalcini, T., et al.
(författare)
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High Vegetable Fats Intake Is Associated with High Resting Energy Expenditure in Vegetarians
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 7:7, s. 5933-5947
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been demonstrated that a vegetarian diet may be effective in reducing body weight, however, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. We investigated whether there is a difference in resting energy expenditure between 26 vegetarians and 26 non-vegetarians and the correlation between some nutritional factors and inflammatory markers with resting energy expenditure. In this cross-sectional study, vegetarians and non-vegetarians were matched by age, body mass index and gender. All underwent instrumental examinations to assess the difference in body composition, nutrient intake and resting energy expenditure. Biochemical analyses and 12 different cytokines and growth factors were measured as an index of inflammatory state. A higher resting energy expenditure was found in vegetarians than in non-vegetarians (p = 0.008). Furthermore, a higher energy from diet, fibre, vegetable fats intake and interleukin- (IL-1) was found between the groups. In the univariate and multivariable analysis, resting energy expenditure was associated with vegetarian diet, free-fat mass and vegetable fats (p < 0.001; Slope in statistic (B) = 4.8; = 0.42). After adjustment for cytokines, log(10) interleukin-10 (IL-10) still correlated with resting energy expenditure (p = 0.02). Resting energy expenditure was positively correlated with a specific component of the vegetarian's diet, i.e., vegetable fats. Furthermore, we showed that IL-10 was positively associated with resting energy expenditure in this population.
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- Montalcini, T., et al.
(författare)
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Postmenopausal women with carotid atherosclerosis: Potential role of the serum calcium levels
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 0939-4753. ; 23:11, s. 1141-1146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: Studies on the association between serum calcium levels and cardiovascular diseases suggested a causative role for hypercalcemia but other studies showed that even serum calcium levels within normal range could be involved in atherosclerosis. However, while dietary calcium intake does not seem to be related to adverse cardiovascular effects, the association between calcium supplementation and the cardiovascular events has not been fully proven. Our aim was to determine the relation between serum calcium levels, within normal range, and the presence of carotid atherosclerosis in a population in whom investigations on this topic are lacking, the postmenopausal women. Methods and results: In this retrospective study, participants were recruited from women aged 49-65 years who underwent an ultrasonography evaluation of the carotid arteries between years 2008-2012. The study included 413 subjects with serum calcium level available, without symptomatic cardiovascular disease. A physical examination, including the evaluation of body mass index, waist and hip circumferences and the blood pressure, as well as, a collection of a venous blood sample was performed. The mean age was 56 +/- 7 years. The prevalence of the carotid atherosclerosis was 50.8%. The comparison between women with and without carotid atherosclerosis showed differences for the classical risk factors and for serum calcium levels (p = 0.001). The logistic regression analysis, adjusting for these risk factors, confirmed the association between serum calcium levels and carotid atherosclerosis (p = 0.011). Furthermore, we showed an increasing prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis from lower to higher calcium quartiles (p = 0.016). Conclusion: We found a positive relation between serum calcium levels and the carotid atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. This study may suggest a redetermination of the reference range of calcemia, at least in menopause. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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