| 1. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Adolfsson, Emma, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Technical in-depth comparison of two massive parallel DNA-sequencing methods for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from victims of sudden cardiac death
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier. - 1872-4973 .- 1878-0326. ; 53
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a tragic and traumatic event. SCD is often associated with hereditary genetic disease and in such cases, sequencing of stored formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue is often crucial in trying to find a causal genetic variant. This study was designed to compare two massive parallel sequencing assays for differences in sensitivity and precision regarding variants related to SCD in FFPE material. From eight cases of SCD where DNA from blood had been sequenced using HaloPlex, corresponding FFPE samples were collected six years later. DNA from FFPE samples were amplified using HaloPlex HS, sequenced on MiSeq, representing the first method, as well as amplified using modified Twist and sequenced on NextSeq, representing the second method. Molecular barcodes were included to distinguish artefacts from true variants. In both approaches, read coverage, uniformity and variant detection were compared using genomic DNA isolated from blood and corresponding FFPE tissue, respectively. In terms of coverage uniformity, Twist performed better than HaloPlex HS for FFPE samples. Despite higher overall coverage, amplicon-based HaloPlex technologies, both for blood and FFPE tissue, suffered from design and/or performance issues resulting in genes lacking complete coverage. Although Twist had considerably lower overall mean coverage, high uniformity resulted in equal or higher fraction of genes covered at ≥ 20X. By comparing variants found in the matched samples in a pre-defined cardiodiagnostic gene panel, HaloPlex HS for FFPE material resulted in high sensitivity, 98.0% (range 96.6-100%), and high precision, 99.9% (range 99.5-100%) for moderately fragmented samples, but suffered from reduced sensitivity (range 74.2-91.1%) in more severely fragmented samples due to lack of coverage. Twist had high sensitivity, 97.8% (range 96.8-98.7%) and high precision, 99.9% (range 99.3-100%) in all analyzed samples, including the severely fragmented samples.
|
|
| 4. |
- Almqvist, Bjarne, et al.
(författare)
-
Magnetic characterisation of magnetite and hematite from the Blötberget apatite-iron-oxide deposits (Bergslagen), south-central Sweden
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Canadian journal of earth sciences (Print). - : Canadian Science Publishing. - 0008-4077 .- 1480-3313. ; 56:9, s. 948-957
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rock magnetic measurements were carried out on drill core material and hand specimens from the Blötberget apatite-iron oxide deposit in the Bergslagen ore province, south-central Sweden, to characterise their magnetic properties. Measurements included several kinds of magnetic susceptibility and hysteresis parameters. Petrographic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to independently identify and quantify the amount and type of magnetite and hematite. Two hematite-rich samples were studied with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to quantify the trace element chemistry in hematite and investigate the potential influence of trace elements on magnetic properties. Three aspects of this study are noteworthy. 1) Hematite-rich samples display strong anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, which is likely to affect the appearance and modelling of magnetic anomalies. 2) The magnitude-drop in susceptibility across Curie and Néel temperature transitions show significant correlation with the respective weight percent (wt%) of magnetite and hematite. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements can therefore be used to infer the amounts of both magnetite and hematite. 3) observations of a strongly depressed Morin transition at ca -60 to -70 C (200 to 210 K) are made during low-temperature susceptibility measurements. This anomalous Morin transition is most likely related to trace amounts of V and Ti that substitute for Fe in the hematite. When taken together, these magnetic observations improve the understanding of the magnetic anomaly signature of the Blötberget apatite-iron oxide deposits and may potentially be utilised in a broader context when assessing similar (Paleoproterozoic) apatite-iron oxide systems.
|
|
| 5. |
- Andersson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between litter size and medical treatment of sows during farrowing and lactation
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4702 .- 1651-1972. ; 69, s. 176-182
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sow litter sizes have increased recently, and there is a lack of data on the effect of litter size on sow health and sow medical treatment. This study investigated associations between litter size and medical treatment of sows, using data for a 10-year period from one Swedish research farm. The data comprised 1947 litters from 655 Yorkshire sows. Association between litter size and medical treatment of sows during farrowing and lactation investigated using a multivariable multilevel logistic regression model. We found that odds of medical treatment of sows decreased for each additional piglet born up to five piglets (odds ratio 0.50, p = .002). For litter sizes >= 5, the odds for each additional piglet born (odds ratio 1.11, p < .001). Problems with milk let-down in early lactation were the main reason for treatment. Results imply that sows with very small or very large litters may be less profitable.
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of first parity litter size on sow stayability and lifetime production
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To increase production level increase of number of piglets born per litter has been one of the main breeding goals during the last decades. The negative welfare consequences on piglets being born in a large litter are well known while the welfare impacts on sows that produce large litters are more uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of first parity litter size on sow stayability and lifetime production. Sows having a small (<12 piglets total born; SL) or medium (12-14 piglets total born; ML) first parity litter size had significantly (p <0.001) more litters before end of production than sows having a large (>14 piglets total born; LL) first parity litter size. Sows with LL was significant (p<0.001) less likely to have a second litter than sows with SL and ML. Sows with SL and ML had the highest lifetime production of weaned piglets. The results of this study indicate that it is important take first parity litter size into account when assessing sow welfare and profitability in commercial piglet producing herds. Having a SL or ML was found to have a positive effect on sow stayability and lifetime production.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Andersson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of litter size on sow stayability in Swedish commercial piglet producing herds
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sows' ability to produce an excessive amount of piglets has shaped modern piglet production and there has been a steady increase in litter size during the last decades. This development has caused some negative side-effects, such as an increase in the proportion of stillborn piglets, a decrease in the proportion of weaned piglets and a larger variation in quality of piglets. Swedish commercial piglet producing herds have, like other countries with high production levels, high piglet mortality and high annual removal rate of gilts and sow. These problems seem to have increased during the same period that litter sizes have increased. Therefore present study aim to investigate whether there is an association between litter sizes and sow stayability. Results: The probability to produce ≥4 litters during a lifetime was significantly lower for sows giving birth to ≤8, 15 and ≥17 piglets in total in their first parity litter compared to sows giving birth to 13 piglets. Except for the group of sows having a small (≤11 piglets born in total) first parity litter size in combination with a medium (12-14 piglets born in total) second parity litter size, all other groups were significantly associated with an impaired ability to stay ≥4 litters compared to sows having a medium both first and second parity litter size. There were differences in removal reason between sows having small, medium or large first parities litter sizes. Conclusions: Associations between litter sizes in low parities and sow stayability were found. Our results indicate that aiming for keeping sows giving birth to a medium-sized litter, with approximately 12-14 piglets born in total may improve sows stayability and decrease the risk of unplanned removal. This should be considered when planning breeding strategy and annual removal in Swedish commercial piglets producing herds.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Eneqvist, Ted, et al.
(författare)
-
Spinal surgery and the risk of reoperation after total hip arthroplasty : a cohort study based on Swedish spine and hip arthroplasty registers
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden. - 1745-3674 .- 1745-3682. ; 95, s. 12-18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose - Studies suggest increased revision risk of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in individuals with lumbar spinal fusion, but studies including non-fused individuals are lacking. We aimed to investigate whether individuals undergoing lumbar spinal stenosis surgery with or without fusion are at an increased risk of reoperation before or after THA.Patients and methods - The Swedish Spine Register and the Swedish arthroplasty register were searched from 2000 through 2021. Chi-square, Kaplan-Meier and binary multivariate logistic regression were used to compare reop-eration rates up to 10 years after THA surgeryResults - 7,908 individuals had undergone lumbar spinal stenosis surgery (LSSS) (fusion n = 1,281) and THA. LSSS before THA compared with THA-only controls was associated with a higher risk of THA reoperations: 87 (2%) out of 3,892 vs. 123 (1%) out of 11,662 (P < 0.001). LSSS after THA compared with THA-only controls was not associ-ated with a higher risk of reoperation, confirmed by Kaplan- Meier analyses and binary multivariate logistic regression. Mortality was lower in individuals undergoing both LSSS and THA, regardless of procedure order. There was no dif-ference in THA reoperations in individuals who had under-gone LSSS before THA without fusion or with fusion. The individuals who had undergone LSSS after THA with fusion had an increased risk of THA reoperation compared with those without fusion.Conclusion - LSSS with or without fusion before THA is associated with an increased risk of THA reoperation. Spinal fusion increased the risk of reoperation of THA when performed after THA.
|
|
| 12. |
- Fitzgerald, Emma, et al.
(författare)
-
A Light Signaling Approach to Node Grouping for Massive MIMO IoT Networks
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Computers. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-431X. ; 11:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Massive MIMO is one of the leading technologies for connecting very large numbers of energy-constrained nodes, as it offers both extensive spatial multiplexing and large array gain. A challenge resides in partitioning the many nodes into groups that can communicate simultaneously such that the mutual interference is minimized. Here we propose node partitioning strategies that do not require full channel state information, but rather are based on nodes’ respective directional channel properties. In our considered scenarios, these typically have a time constant that is far larger than the coherence time of the channel. We developed both an optimal and an approximation algorithm to partition users based on directional channel properties, and evaluated them numerically. Our results show that both algorithms, despite using only these directional channel properties, achieve similar performance in terms of the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio for any user, compared with a reference method using full channel knowledge. In particular, we demonstrate that grouping nodes with related directional properties is to be avoided. We hence realize a simple partitioning method, requiring minimal information to be collected from the nodes, and in which this information typically remains stable over the long term, thus promoting the system’s autonomy and energy efficiency.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Gunnarsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Extraction of natural moisturizing factor from the stratum corneum and its implication on skin molecular mobility
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 604, s. 480-491
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The natural moisturizing factor (NMF) is a mixture of small water-soluble compounds present in the upper layer of the skin, stratum corneum (SC). Soaking of SC in water leads to extraction of the NMF molecules, which may influence the SC molecular properties and lead to brittle and dry skin. In this study, we investigate how the molecular dynamics in SC lipid and protein components are affected by the removal of the NMF compounds. We then explore whether the changes in SC components caused by NMF removal can be reversed by a subsequent addition of one single NMF component: urea, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA) or potassium lactate. Samples of intact SC were investigated using NMR, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and sorption microbalance. It is shown that the removal of NMF leads to reduced molecular mobility in keratin filaments and SC lipids compared to untreated SC. When the complex NMF mixture is replaced by one single NMF component, the molecular mobility in both keratin filaments and lipids is regained. From this we propose a general relation between the molecular mobility in SC and the amount of polar solutes which does not appear specific to the precise chemical identify of the NMF compounds.
|
|
| 15. |
- Gunnarsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular Mobility in Keratin-Rich Materials Monitored by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance : A Tool for the Evaluation of Structure-Giving Properties
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - 1525-7797. ; 24:6, s. 2661-2673
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Keratins are structural proteins that are abundant in human skin, nails, and hair, where they provide mechanical strength. In the present study, we investigate the molecular mobilities and structures of three keratin-rich materials with clearly different mechanical properties: nails, stratum corneum (upper layer of epidermis), and keratinocytes (from lower layer of epidermis). We use solid-state NMR on natural-abundance 13C to characterize small changes in molecular dynamics in these biological materials with close to atomistic resolution. One strong advantage of this method is that it detects small fractions of mobile components in a molecularly complex material while it simultaneously gives information on the rigid components in the very same sample. The molecular mobility can be linked to mechanical material properties in different conditions, including hydration or exposure to osmolytes or organic solvents. Importantly, the study revealed that the response to both hydration and addition of urea is clearly different for the nail keratin compared to the stratum corneum keratin. The comparative examination of these materials may provide a better understanding of skin diseases originating from keratin malfunction and contributes to the design and development of new materials.
|
|
| 16. |
- Jönsen, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Mutations in genes encoding complement inhibitors CD46 and CFH affect the age at nephritis onset in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 13, s. R206-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Inherited deficiencies of several complement components strongly predispose to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) while deficiencies of complement inhibitors are found in kidney diseases such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). METHODS: The exons of complement inhibitor genes: CD46 and CFH (factor H) were fully sequenced using Sanger method in SLE patients with nephritis originating from two cohorts from southern and mid Sweden (n = 196). All identified mutations and polymorphisms were then analyzed in SLE patients without nephritis (n = 326) and healthy controls (n = 523). RESULTS: We found non-synonymous, heterozygous mutations in CFH in 6.1% patients with nephritis in comparison to 4.0% and 5.4% in patients without nephritis and controls, respectively. No associations of SLE or nephritis with common variants in CFH (V62I/Y402H/E936D) were found. Furthermore, we found two non-synonymous heterozygous mutations in CD46 in SLE patients but not in controls. The A353V polymorphism, known to affect function of CD46, was found in 6.6% of nephritis patients vs 4.9% and 6.1% of the non-nephritis SLE patients and controls. The presence of mutations in CD46 and CFH did not predispose to SLE or nephritis but was associated with earlier onset of nephritis. Furthermore, we found weak indications that there is one protective and one risk haplotype predisposing to nephritis composed of several polymorphisms in non-coding regions of CD46, which were previously implicated in aHUS. CONCLUSION: SLE nephritis is not associated with frequent mutations in CFH and CD46 as found in aHUS but these may be modifying factors causing earlier onset of nephritis.
|
|
| 17. |
- Kis, Nikolett, et al.
(författare)
-
The effects of glycols on molecular mobility, structure, and permeability in stratum corneum
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Controlled Release. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-3659. ; 343, s. 755-764
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The skin provides an attractive alternative to the conventional drug administration routes. Still, it comes with challenges as the upper layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), provides an efficient barrier against permeation of most compounds. One way to overcome the skin barrier is to apply chemical permeation enhancers, which can modify the SC structure. In this paper, we investigated the molecular effect of three different types of glycols in SC: dipropylene glycol (diPG), propylene glycol (PG), and butylene glycol (BG). The aim is to understand how these molecules influence the molecular mobility and structure of the SC components, and to relate the molecular effects to the efficiency of these molecules as permeation enhancers. We used complementary experimental techniques, including natural abundance 13C NMR spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction to characterize the molecular consequences of these compounds at different doses in SC at 97% RH humidity and 32 °C. In addition, we study the permeation enhancing effects of the same glycols in comparable conditions using Raman spectroscopy. Based on the results from NMR, we conclude that all three glycols cause increased mobility in SC lipids, and that the addition of glycols has an effect on the keratin filaments in similar manner as Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF). The highest mobility of both lipids and amino acids can be reached with BG, which is followed by PG. It is also shown that one reaches an apparent saturation level for all three chemicals in SC, after which increased addition of the compound does not lead to further increase in the mobility of SC lipids or protein components. The examination with Raman mapping show that BG and PG give a significant permeation enhancement as compared to SC without any added glycol at corresponding conditions. Finally, we observe a non-monotonic response in permeation enhancement with respect to the concentration of glycols, where the highest concentration does not give the highest permeation. This is explained by the dehydration effects at highest glycol concentrations. In summary, we find a good correlation between the molecular effects of glycols on the SC lipid and protein mobility, and macroscopic permeation enhances of the same molecules.
|
|
| 18. |
- Mansouri, Larry, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional loss of I kappa B epsilon leads to NF-kappa B deregulation in aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0022-1007 .- 1540-9538. ; 212:6, s. 833-843
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NF-kappa B is constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); however, the implicated molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Thus, we performed targeted deep sequencing of 18 core complex genes within the NF-kappa B pathway in a discovery and validation CLL cohort totaling 315 cases. The most frequently mutated gene was NFKBIE (21/315 cases; 7%), which encodes I kappa B epsilon, a negative regulator of NF-kappa B in normal B cells. Strikingly, 13 of these cases carried an identical 4-bp frameshift deletion, resulting in a truncated protein. Screening of an additional 377 CLL cases revealed that NFKBIE aberrations predominated in poor-prognostic patients and were associated with inferior outcome. Minor subclones and/or clonal evolution were also observed, thus potentially linking this recurrent event to disease progression. Compared with wild-type patients, NFKBIE-deleted cases showed reduced I kappa B epsilon protein levels and decreased p65 inhibition, along with increased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65. Considering the central role of B cell receptor (BcR) signaling in CLL pathobiology, it is notable that I kappa B epsilon loss was enriched in aggressive cases with distinctive stereotyped BcR, likely contributing to their poor prognosis, and leading to an altered response to BcR inhibitors. Because NFKBIE deletions were observed in several other B cell lymphomas, our findings suggest a novel common mechanism of NF-kappa B deregulation during lymphomagenesis.
|
|
| 19. |
- Mansouri, Larry, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional loss of IκBε leads to NF-κB deregulation in aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 1540-9538 .- 0022-1007. ; 212:6, s. 833-843
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NF-κB is constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); however, the implicated molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Thus, we performed targeted deep sequencing of 18 core complex genes within the NF-κB pathway in a discovery and validation CLL cohort totaling 315 cases. The most frequently mutated gene was NFKBIE (21/315 cases; 7%), which encodes IκBε, a negative regulator of NF-κB in normal B cells. Strikingly, 13 of these cases carried an identical 4-bp frameshift deletion, resulting in a truncated protein. Screening of an additional 377 CLL cases revealed that NFKBIE aberrations predominated in poor-prognostic patients and were associated with inferior outcome. Minor subclones and/or clonal evolution were also observed, thus potentially linking this recurrent event to disease progression. Compared with wild-type patients, NFKBIE-deleted cases showed reduced IκBε protein levels and decreased p65 inhibition, along with increased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65. Considering the central role of B cell receptor (BcR) signaling in CLL pathobiology, it is notable that IκBε loss was enriched in aggressive cases with distinctive stereotyped BcR, likely contributing to their poor prognosis, and leading to an altered response to BcR inhibitors. Because NFKBIE deletions were observed in several other B cell lymphomas, our findings suggest a novel common mechanism of NF-κB deregulation during lymphomagenesis.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Metson, Genevieve, et al.
(författare)
-
Not all sites are created equal - Exploring the impact of constraints to suitable biogas plant locations in Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier Science Ltd. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 349
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biogas production from manure is attractive to support plans towards a circular economy as it allows for renewable energy production and nutrient recycling in agriculture. Finding optimal locations for biogas plants, which minimize transport distances to and from farms, while accounting for multiple feasibility constraints, remains a challenge. We developed 1 km2 spatially-explicit datasets for known feasibility constraints such as distance to housing, compatible land-use zoning, and the presence of roads with sufficient weight bearing capacity. These datasets were used to improve the realism of an optimization model designed to minimize transportation costs in Sweden. At a national level, the presence of durable enough roads most limited the number of suitable locations for a plant. We further focused our analysis on a case study region where a company wanted to invest in a new manure-based biogas plant. In contrast to the national level, the constraint for remaining at least 500 m from housing/buildings had the greatest limiting impact, excluding 71% of grids in the Sjo center dot bo or Tomelilla municipalities of Southern Sweden. Still, we identified 105 suitable locations for a new biogas plant. The most suitable location, accounting for feasibility and minimized transportation costs, changed when simultaneously accounting for another proposed plant in a neighboring municipality. Our results indicate that utilizing both local and national datasets can help narrow down potential biogas development sites and that long-term planning is necessary for actors with ambitions to build several plants to minimize costs and maximize energy and nutrient recycling benefits.
|
|
| 22. |
- Nittérus, Karolina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Insects reared from logging residue on clear-cuts
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Entomologica Fennica. - 0785-8760. ; 15:1, s. 53-61
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coniferous and deciduous logging residue ("slash") was collected from six 1-year old and six 4-year old clear-cuts in South-West Sweden during the spring of 2002. In the laboratory, insects were emerged under standardised conditions. Insects emerged in 41% of the rearing-tubes with 1-year old slash. In 4-year old slash, 54% of the tubes contained insects. The most successfully emerged order was Coleoptera, represented by 10 families, 22 species and 425 individuals. The second most abundant order was Hymenoptera. The most abundant Coleoptera family was Curculionidae that comprised 48% of all the beetles. Four distinct species groups among Coleoptera. were found, each group being separated by slash age and tree category (deciduous/coniferous). Significantly more species were found in the 4-year old deciduous slash, compared to the 1-year old. In coniferous slash, there was a tendency for more species in the 1-year old slash than in the 4-year old. The results suggest that slash is valuable as breeding substrate and/or food supply to the beetle fauna on clear-cuts.
|
|
| 23. |
- Olofsson, Emma, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Whole exome sequencing of FFPE samples-expanding the horizon of forensic molecular autopsies
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International journal of legal medicine. - : Springer. - 0937-9827 .- 1437-1596. ; 137:4, s. 1215-1234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forensic molecular autopsies have emerged as a tool for medical examiners to establish the cause of death. It is particularly useful in sudden unexplained deaths where the cause of death cannot be determined with a regular medical autopsy. We provide the first study of exome data from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples (FFPE) paired with data from high-quality blood samples in forensic applications. The approach allows exploration of the potential to use FFPE samples for molecular autopsies and identify variants in extensive exome data. We leverage the high uniformity of the hybridization capture approach provided by Twist Bioscience to target the complete exome and sequence the libraries on a NextSeq 550. Our findings suggest that exome sequencing is feasible for 24 out of a total of 35 included FFPE samples. When successful, the coverage across the exome is comparatively high (> 90% covered to 20X) and uniform (fold80 below 1.5). Detailed variant comparisons for matched FFPE and blood samples show high concordance with few false variants (positive predictive value of 0.98 and a sensitivity of 0.97) with no distinct FFPE artefacts. Ultimately, we apply carefully constructed forensic gene panels in a stepwise manner to find genetic variants associated with the clinical phenotype and with relevance to the sudden unexplained death.
|
|
| 24. |
- Shabo, Ivan, et al.
(författare)
-
Macrophage traits in cancer cells are induced by macrophage-cancer cell fusion and cannot be explained by cellular interaction
- 2015
-
Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1471-2407. ; 15:1, s. 922-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cell fusion is a natural process in normal development and tissue regeneration. Fusion between cancer cells and macrophages generates metastatic hybrids with genetic and phenotypic characteristics from both maternal cells. However, there are no clinical markers for detecting cell fusion in clinical context. Macrophage-specific antigen CD163 expression in tumor cells is reported in breast and colorectal cancers and proposed being caused by macrophages-cancer cell fusion in tumor stroma. The purpose of this study is to examine the cell fusion process as a biological explanation for macrophage phenotype in breast. Methods: Monocytes, harvested from male blood donor, were activated to M2 macrophages and co-cultured in ThinCert transwell system with GFP-labeled MCF-7 cancer cells. MCF7/macrophage hybrids were generated by spontaneous cell fusion, isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and confirmed by fluorescence microscopy, short tandem repeats analysis and flow cytometry. CD163 expression was evaluated in breast tumor samples material from 127 women by immunohistochemistry. Results: MCF-7/macrophage hybrids were generated spontaneously at average rate of 2 % and showed phenotypic and genetic traits from both maternal cells. CD163 expression in MCF-7 cells could not be induced by paracrine interaction with M2-activated macrophages. CD163 positive cancer cells in tumor sections grew in clonal collection and a cutoff point greater than25 % of positive cancer cells was significantly correlated to disease free and overall survival. Conclusions: In conclusion, macrophage traits in breast cancer might be caused by cell fusion rather than explained by paracrine cellular interaction. These data provide new insights into the role of cell fusion in breast cancer and contributes to the development of clinical markers to identify cell fusion.
|
|
| 25. |
- Sparr, Emma, et al.
(författare)
-
The stratum corneum barrier - From molecular scale to macroscopic properties
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science. - : Elsevier. - 1359-0294 .- 1879-0399. ; 67
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The upper layer of our skin, the stratum corneum (SC), is a versatile material that combines mechanical strength with efficient barrier function. In this paper, we discuss these macroscopic properties of SC in relation to recent findings on molecular responses and structural diversity in SC protein and lipids. We put particular focus on the intermediate (colloidal) length scale and how the different SC substructures are organized with respect to each other, including effects of nonequilibrium conditions in the skin with respect to the gradients in water and other components.
|
|
