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- Adcox, K, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX detector overview
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 469-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Adcox, K, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX central arm tracking detectors
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 489-507
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX tracking system consists of Drift Chambers (DC), Pad Chambers (PC) and the Time Expansion Chamber (TEC). PC1/DC and PC2/TEC/PC3 form the inner and outer tracking units, respectively. These units link the track segments that transverse the RICH and extend to the EMCal. The DC measures charged particle trajectories in the r-phi direction to determine P-T of the particles and the invariant mass of particle pairs. The PCs perform 3D spatial point measurements for pattern recognition and longitudinal momentum reconstruction and provide spatial resolution of a few mm in both r-phi and z. The TEC tracks particles passing through the region between the RICH and the EMCal. The design and operational parameters of the detectors are presented and running experience during the first year of data taking with PHENIX is discussed. The observed spatial and momentum resolution is given which imposes a limitation on the identification and characterization of charged particles in various momentum ranges. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
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- Dolatshahi, S, et al.
(författare)
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Selective transfer of maternal antibodies in preterm and fullterm children
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1, s. 14937-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preterm newborns are more likely to suffer from infectious diseases at birth compared to children delivered at term. Whether this is due to compromised cellular, humoral, or organ-specific development remains unclear. To begin to define whether maternal–fetal antibody transfer profiles differ across preterm (PT) and fullterm (FT) infants, the overall quantity and functional quality of an array of 24 vaccine-, endemic pathogen-, and common antigen-specific antibodies were assessed across a cohort of 11 PT and 12 term-delivered maternal:infant pairs from birth through week 12. While total IgG levels to influenza, pneumo, measles, rubella, EBV, and RSV were higher in FT newborns, selective Fc-receptor binding antibodies was noted in PT newborns. In fact, near equivalent antibody-effector functions were observed across PT and FT infants, despite significant quantitative differences in transferred antibody levels. Moreover, temporal transfer analysis revealed the selective early transfer of FcRn, FcγR2, and FcγR3 binding antibodies, pointing to differential placental sieving mechanisms across gestation. These data point to selectivity in placental transfer at distinct gestational ages, to ensure that children are endowed with the most robust humoral immunity even if born preterm.
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- Gusev, A, et al.
(författare)
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Atlas of prostate cancer heritability in European and African-American men pinpoints tissue-specific regulation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7, s. 10979-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although genome-wide association studies have identified over 100 risk loci that explain ∼33% of familial risk for prostate cancer (PrCa), their functional effects on risk remain largely unknown. Here we use genotype data from 59,089 men of European and African American ancestries combined with cell-type-specific epigenetic data to build a genomic atlas of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability in PrCa. We find significant differences in heritability between variants in prostate-relevant epigenetic marks defined in normal versus tumour tissue as well as between tissue and cell lines. The majority of SNP heritability lies in regions marked by H3k27 acetylation in prostate adenoc7arcinoma cell line (LNCaP) or by DNaseI hypersensitive sites in cancer cell lines. We find a high degree of similarity between European and African American ancestries suggesting a similar genetic architecture from common variation underlying PrCa risk. Our findings showcase the power of integrating functional annotation with genetic data to understand the genetic basis of PrCa.
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- Zakane, SA, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities and obstacles using a clinical decision support system for maternal care in Burkina Faso
- 2017
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Ingår i: Online journal of public health informatics. - : University of Illinois Libraries. - 1947-2579. ; 9:2, s. e188-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractObjective: Maternal and neonatal mortality is high in sub-Saharan Africa. To support Healthcare Workers (HCWs), a computerized decision support system (CDSS) was piloted at six rural maternal care units in Burkina Faso. During the two years of the study period, it was apparent from reports that the CDSS was not used regularly in clinical practice. This study aimed to explore the reasons why HCWs failed to use the CDSS.Methods: A workshop, organised as group discussions and a plenary session, was performed with 13 participants to understand their experience with the CDSS and suggest improvements if pertinent. Workshop transcripts were analysed thematically. Socio-demographic and usage patterns of the CDSS were examined by a questionnaire and analysed descriptively.Results: The participants reported that the contextual basic conditions for using the CDSS were not fulfilled. These included unreliable power supply, none user-friendly partograph, the CDSS was not integrated with workflow and staff lacked motivational incentives. Despite these limitations, the HCWs reported learning benefits from guidance and alerts in the CDSS. Using the CDSS enabled them to discover problems earlier as they learned to focus on symptoms to prevent harmful situations.Conclusion: The CDSS was not tailored to the needs and context of the users. The HCWs, defined their needs and suggested how the CDSS should be re-designed. This suggests that the successful and regular usage of any CDSS in rural settings requires the involvement of users throughout the construction and pilot-testing phases and not only during the early prototype design period.
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