| 1. |
- Håkansson, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Successful autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory myasthenia gravis - a case report
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neuromuscular Disorders. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0960-8966 .- 1873-2364. ; 27:1, s. 90-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease, with immune reactivity against the post-synaptic endplate of the neuromuscular junction. Apart from symptomatic treatment with choline esterase blockers, many patients also require immunomodulatory treatment. Despite existing treatment options, some patients are treatment refractory. We describe a patient with severe MG refractory to corticosteroids, four oral immunosuppressants, cyclophosphamide, rituximab and bortezomib who was treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Two years after this, the patient has significantly improved in objective tests and in quality of life and leads an active life. Diplopia is her only remaining symptom and she is completely free of medication for MG. We believe that autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be an effective therapeutic option for carefully selected cases of severe, treatment refractory MG. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Carlson, Johan E., et al.
(författare)
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Calibration of simulation models for ultrasonic transducers based on implicit calibration
- 2009
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Ingår i: 2008 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424424283 ; , s. 1528-1531
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are numerous software packages available for modeling of the sound pressure fields emitted by ultrasound transducers and transducer arrays. Accurate modeling of a real-world transducer requires knowledge of several parameters that are generally not known. This paper presents an estimation principle that can be used to calibrate such models, based on measurements of the sound field. The model separates the problem into estimation of the transducer's electro-mechanical impulse response and its spatial impulse response. The latter being what the software packages generally model. We demonstrate the principle with measurements of the sound field from a non-focused 5 MHz transducer. The results show that the modeled sound field agrees well with measurements.
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| 3. |
- Carlson, Johan E., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of thin layers in multi-layered structures : on the problem of finding starting values for numerical solutions to inverse problems
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2009 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424443895 ; , s. 1537-1540
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several model-based techniques have been proposed for characterizing thin layers within multi-layered materials. One problem with these methods is that the models are non-linear with respect to the parameters. Hence, iterative numerical methods must be used estimating the model parameters, i.e. for solving the inverse problem based on measurements. For material structures where the propagation times through the individual layers are shorter than the duration of the transmitted ultrasound pulse, the received waveform will consist of several overlapping echoes. For the parameter estimation to work, good initial guesses of the times of flight are required, which are difficult to obtain due to the severe overlap of the echoes. In this paper we propose a filtering scheme, that compresses the transmitted pulse into a shorter pulse, thus enabling the echoes from within the material structure to be detected. The method is evaluated using simulations on a three-layered material for varying signal-to-noise conditions.
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| 4. |
- Ericson, Tove, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Zinc-Tin-Oxide Buffer Layer and Low Temperature Post Annealing Resulting in a 9.0% Efficient Cd-Free Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cell
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : Wiley. - 2367-198X. ; 1:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zn1−xSnxOy (ZTO) has yielded promising results as a buffer material for the full sulfur Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), with efficiencies continuously surpassing its CdS-references. ZTO can be deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD), enabling tuning of the conduction band position through the choice of metal ratio or deposition temperature. Thus, an optimization of the conduction band alignment between ZTO and CZTS can be achieved. The ZTO bandgap is generally larger than that of CdS and can therefore yield higher currents due to reduced losses in the short wavelength region. Another advantage is the possibility to omit the toxic Cd. In this study, the ALD process temperature was varied from 105 to 165 °C. Current-blocked devices were obtained at 105 °C, while the highest open-circuit voltage and device efficiency was achieved for 145 °C. The highest fill factor was seen at 165 °C. The best efficiency reached in this study was 9.0%, which, to our knowledge, is the highest efficiency reported for Cd-free full-sulfur CZTS. We also show that the effect of heat needs to be taken into account. The results indicate that part of the device improvement comes from heating the absorber, but that the benefit of using a ZTO-buffer is clear.
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| 5. |
- Greco, Raffaella, et al.
(författare)
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Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in neuromyelitis optica : A registry study of the EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party
- 2015
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Ingår i: Multiple Sclerosis Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 1352-4585 .- 1477-0970. ; 21:2, s. 189-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system, hallmarked by pathogenic anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies. NMO prognosis is worse compared with multiple sclerosis.OBJECTIVE:The European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP) conducted a retrospective survey to analyze disease outcome following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT).METHODS:This retrospective multicenter study assessed the efficacy and safety of ASCT in 16 patients suffering from refractory NMO reported to the EBMT registry between 2001 and 2011.RESULTS:Fifteen patients were successfully mobilized with cyclophosphamide (Cy) and G-CSF, one with G-CSF alone. All patients received an unmanipulated autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft, after conditioning with BEAM plus anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG, n = 9 patients), thiotepa-Cy (n = 3) or Cy (200 mg/kg) plus ATG (n = 4). After a median follow-up of 47 months, three of 16 cases were progression and treatment free, while in the remaining 13 patients further treatments were administered for disability progression or relapse after ASCT. Altogether, relapse-free survival at three and five years was 31% and 10%, respectively, while progression-free survival remained 48% at three and five years.CONCLUSIONS:In these NMO patients, highly resistant to conventional treatment, ASCT allows for temporary control of the disease, despite a tendency to progress or relapse in the long term.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Harrysson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer, a relational disease exploring the needs of relatives to cancer patients
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2631 .- 1748-2623. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syfte: I denna kvalitativa studie studerade vi erfarenheter bland familjemedlemmar till cancerpatienter. Vårt syfte var att undersöka och differentiera deras behov från de behov som cancer patienten uppvisar.Metod: Fem fokusintervjuer och sex individuella narrativa intervjuer med 17 familje medlemmar till cancerpatiener i Sverige genomfördes och jämförda med 19 intervjuer med cancerpatienter. Vår analys var inspirerad av klassisk grundad teori.Resaultat: Familjemedlemmar till cancerpatienter uppvisade egen sjukdom kopplad till höga stressnivåer och svårigheter att erkänna egen stress till följd av pågående jämförelser med cancerpatienten. Familjemedlemmar var fastlåsta i en momentan terrorlik situation där de blev den sjukes skyddsnät. En upplevd oförmåga till att förbättra den sjukes hälsa och välmående bidrog till känslor av skukld. Önskan om att allt skulle vara över var inbäddat i skam då slutet innebar möjlig död.Slutsatser: Genom att erkänna cancer som en sjukdom som påverkar både kropp och relationer kan familjemedlemmar ges kontroll över sina egna kamper skilda från patientens upplevelser. Vi definierar skillnaderi behov mellan cancer patienter och anhöriga. De anhöriga till cancerpatienter kan ges stöd i att utveckla balanserade strategier för mindre stress, ökad trygghet och stunder av förnöjsamhet.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik
(författare)
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Characterization of thin multi-layered materials using ultrasound
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis contributes to the field of ultrasonic modeling and measurement technologies. The objective is to address the advancement of methods for ultrasonic characterization of thin multi-layered materials. The main focus of the work is on the development of a parametric model for multi-layered structures with an arbitrary number of layers, for normal incidence pulse-echo and through-transmission ultrasonic measurements using unfocused transducers.The main advantages with the model are that it can handle measured waveforms with overlapping echoes, its complexity is connected to the number of layers rather than the number of received echoes, and the estimated parameters are directly connected to the properties of the investigated media. The layer model is also valid for any kind of signal waveform and does not depend on the excited signal's appearance. The possible limitations with the model regarding the use of unfocused transducers, the assumption of normal incidence planar waveforms and parallel surfaces, and the decreasing layer thicknesses are addressed in the thesis.Estimating the parameters of the model is a highly nonlinear process and robust optimization methods are required. The connection between the measured ultrasonic data and the physical multi-layered model by a robust estimation and optimization algorithm is a main contribution of the thesis. To contribute to the industry with accurate and cost-effective diagnostic methods, all further analysis are performed on the model parameters rather than the entire ultrasonic waveforms. The model and the estimated model parameters are used for investigation of thin embedded layers, where flaw detection, estimation of properties, layer imaging, material classification, and separation of overlapping echoes are utilized. Results show that the parametric model is able to reconstruct the significant dynamics of waveforms consisting of multiple overlapping echoes by using the estimated parameter vector. This has been verified with both pulse-echo and through-transmission measurements with normal incidence waveforms. The main conclusion in this thesis is that a robust and accurate optimization algorithm, estimating the parameters in a model describing a multi-layered structure with reasonably few parameters, is found. Once the model parameters are estimated, analyzing them in the post-processing stage will enable several applications in process control.
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| 11. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Flaw detection in layered media based on parametric modeling of overlapping ultrasonic echoes
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Proceedings. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 1424402018 ; , s. 136-139
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In materials consisting of several thin layers, multiple reflections within the structure give rise to received ultrasonic signals composed of overlapping echoes. In this paper we present a parametric model that can be used to decompose such signals into the individual reflections. We derive a Maximum Likelihood Estimator for the the model parameters, which are then used in a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) to detect flaws in multi-layered structures. We show with simulations how the presence of a thin bonding layer in a three-layer structure can be detected. The probability of detection is shown to be ≈ 96%, for a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 15 dB and a probability of false alarm of 5%.
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| 12. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Model-based characterization of thin layers using pulse-echo ultrasound
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Congress on Ultrasonics.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements performed on a thin multilayered structure will imply a received signal waveform consisting of reverberant overlapping echoes. In this paper the multi-layered structure is modeled by a physical model and the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) is derived for the model parameters. A general recursive expression for the model is given. The model is evaluated using measurements on a thin three-layered structure, where two glass layers are bonded together. We show that measured signal waveforms can be reconstructed using the estimated parameters, and that physical properties can be extracted from the estimated model parameters. Simulations also show that physical parameters can be estimated for thicknesses of the bonding layer down to 50 μm for a wavelength of 200 μm of the ultrasonic pulse.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Model-based estimation of thin multi-layered media using ultrasonic measurements
- 2009
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control. - 0885-3010 .- 1525-8955. ; 56:8, s. 1689-1702
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In ultrasonic measurement situations, when dealing with media of multi-layered structures consisting of 1 or more thin layers, analysis of the measured ultrasonic waveform can be difficult because of overlapping and reverberant echoes. Information from the individual layers is then difficult to extract because the individual echoes cannot be detected. In this study, we use a parametric layer model to analyze the multi-layered material in a system identification approach. The parameters of the model are connected to physical properties of the investigated material, e.g., the reflection coefficients, the time-of-flight, and the attenuation. The main advantage using this model is that the complexity of the model is connected to the number of layers rather than the number of observable echoes in the received ultrasonic waveform. A system of linear equations is presented, giving the opportunity to find the model for both pulse-echo and through-transmission measurements. A thorough effort is made on the parameter estimation and optimization algorithm. The model is validated with practical measurements on a 3-layered structure using both pulse-echo and through-transmission techniques. The 3-layered material consists of a thin embedded middle layer with the time-of-flight in that layer shorter than the emitted signal¿s time support, giving rise to overlapping echoes. Finally the relation between the model parameters and physical properties of the material is established.
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| 15. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik
(författare)
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The Making of Embrace and Exclusion: Isaiah 53 in the Light of Homecoming After Exile
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract This study attempts to understand what problem Isa 53 addresses and seeks to answer. The question is asked as an historical question and it is argued that Isa 53 address a specific historical problem, arising out of the conflicts created after the return of those who had gone into exile. At the end of the exile, there was hope that the deported people would return to the land, that the land would be rebuilt, and that Jerusalem would again flourish. This hope is most clearly expressed in Isa 40:1-52:10. However, as time went by, there was a realisation that the envisaged glorious return was in reality a rather limited return, and the joy of receiving those who returned had turned into conflicts, not least regarding the possession of land and the availability of places to live. In this situation someone probably reflected on the message of Isa 40:1-52:10 and sought to understand what had gone wrong. Isa 53 was then inserted as an explanation of how the people in the land, i.e. the "we" should have received those who returned, i.e. the servant. If this embrace had taken place, Mother Zion would have rejoiced, as described in Isa 54. Instead of these pictures painted for us in Isa 53 and 54, we encounter the reality of the conflicts described in Isa 56-66. The interpretation presented in this study is based on a hypothesis that these conflicts emerged between the people in the land and those who returned from exile. These conflicts are analysed with the help of contemporary refugee studies, other texts of the Old Testament, and also relevant passages in Isa 40-55. It is argued that the reconciliation between the "we" and the servant is more important than the aspect of atonement. Furthermore, it is by the confession that the "we"-group opens its arms to embrace the servant. The text is analysed from two major points of view. First, the discussion focuses on how the "we" understand the servant´s suffering, and the perspective includes both their past and their present perceptions. Secondly, three important contexts of Isa 53 are analysed, the literary, the geographical, and the social context in order to offer further support for the interpretation proffered in this study.
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| 16. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik
(författare)
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Tools for ultrasonic characterization of layered media
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many industries are dealing with composite materials and multi-layered structures of various materials. Errors in the manufacturing process may lead to defects in the final product, and hence, avoiding imperfections is crucial. The importance of repeated quality assurance online is therefore essential during the process. For quality assurance the industry needs accurate and cost-effective diagnostic methods. Ultrasonic measurement techniques are familiar to most people from their medical applications, such as looking for the fetus in the mother's womb or imaging tissue anomalies in order to detect e.g. tumours. However, applications for ultrasound are widely used in the industry today, as a nondestructive evaluation technique for many different media. In the aircraft industry for example, components are inspected before they are assembled into the aircraft and also periodically inspected throughout their useful life, by using for example ultrasonic techniques. Ultrasonic inspection is extensively used to locate tiny cracks and to measure the thickness of the aircraft skin from the outside. The objectives of this thesis is to address the advancement of methods for ultrasonic characterization of layered media. The research problem addressed is stated as: How can methods for Nondestructive Evaluation of layered media using ultrasound be developed or improved? To easier approach this question it can be divided into smaller parts which are addressed separately and in combinations. The approach to answer the research question and the project objectives is chosen to be in the field of ultrasound, because of its superior penetrating properties in solid materials. When using ultrasound and ultrasonic measurement techniques we are restricted to measure frequency dependent phase velocity and attenuation. However, these properties can be used to calculate material properties of interest in the investigated medium. The focus of the work in this thesis is on the development of a parametric model for multi-layered materials. The model is used to describe ultrasonic signals reflected from a multi-layered structure in a successive way. Results show that the proposed model can be used to deal with the research problem in this thesis. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part contains an introduction to the research area together with a summary of thecontributions, and the second part is a collection of four papers describing the research.
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| 17. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasonic classification of thin layers within multi-layered structures
- 2010
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Ingår i: Measurement science and technology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-0233 .- 1361-6501. ; 21:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methods for non-destructive inspection of layered materials are becoming more and more popular as a way of assuring product integrity and quality. In this paper, we present a model-based technique using ultrasonic measurements for classification of thin bonding layers within three-layered materials. This could be, for example, an adhesive bond between two thin plates, where the integrity of the bonding layer needs to be evaluated. The method is based on a model of the wave propagation of pulse-echo ultrasound that first reduces the measured data to a few parameters for each measured point. The model parameters are then fed into a statistical classifier that assigns the bonding layer to one of a set of predefined classes. In this paper, two glass plates are bonded together with construction silicone, and the classifiers are trained to determine if the bonding layer is intact or if it contains regions of air or water. Two different classification methods are evaluated: nominal logistic regression and discriminant analysis. The former is slightly more computationally demanding but, as the results show, it performs better when the model parameters cannot be assumed to belong to a multivariate Gaussian distribution. The performance of the classifiers is evaluated using both simulations and real measurements.
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| 18. |
- Hägglund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasonic imaging of thin layers within multi-layered structures
- 2008
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Ingår i: 2008 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium. - New York : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424424283 ; , s. 828-831
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the area of process control, non-destructive testing (NDT) using ultrasound is valuable due to its noninvasive properties. In process control, imaging of surface profiles is used to locate defects or problematic areas in order to quickly steer the manufacturing process on track again. This paper presents a method for imaging of parallel thin layers within multi-layered structures. Due to the application in process control a parametric model is used, and all subsequent analysis is performed on the model parameters rather than on the signal waveforms, resulting in a necessary data reduction. The parameters in the model are directly connected to physical properties, such as the reflection coefficients, time-of-flights, and attenuation coefficients. Experimental results shows that the estimated model parameters can be used in imaging of thin layer properties within the material structure. Images of embedded layers with a thickness about the wavelength is shown. Result also show that flaws can be detected in such structures. The results are verified by comparing the images to visual inspections of photographs.
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| 19. |
- Hägglund, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS) : Normative data for two crackers available in the Scandinavian and international markets
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1754-9507 .- 1754-9515. ; 23:3, s. 329-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To establish normative data of crackers common in the Scandinavian and international markets for use in the Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS), and to investigate possible sex and age effects on masticatory performances.Method: 234 healthy participants (>20 years of age) were asked to either ingest the Göteborgskex Guld Marie™ cracker (n = 234) or to ingest both a Guld Marie cracker and a Tuc Original™ cracker (n = 115). Quantifiable measures of masticatory performance (number of bites, number of chewing cycles, number of swallows, and total time) were observed during TOMASS for each participant, directly on-site or by video recording.Result: There were no significant differences in masticatory performances between the crackers. Significant age effects were observed for all masticatory measurements, except for the number of swallows. The results showed insufficient support for an effect of sex, and that results obtained on-site and from video recordings were highly correlated.Conclusion: These findings suggest that similar masticatory performance is to be expected when performing TOMASS using the evaluated crackers. The age of the participant affects TOMASS performance, but the effect of sex is considerably smaller.
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| 20. |
- Hägglund, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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The Timed Water Swallow Test (TWST) : normative data on swallowing capacity for healthy people aged 60 years and older
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1754-9507 .- 1754-9515. ; 25:4, s. 479-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To provide normative data on swallowing capacity (mL/s) in people older than 60 years using the Timed Water Swallow Test (TWST), stratified by sex. Intra- and inter-rater reliability for swallowing time in TWST was further investigated.Method: A total of 165 participants, aged 60 years and above, were included in the study. The time taken to consume 150 mL of tap water and the swallowing capacity (mL/s) was observed in a clinical context using the TWST. Video recordings of the performances were collected for 118 of the 165 participants for inter-rater reliability testing, of which a random set of 25 performances were assessed for intra-rater reliability. Analysis of the agreement between TWST rated by an in-person clinician and rated from a video recording was further evaluated.Result: There were significant age and sex effects observed for swallowing capacity. The average reduction in swallowing capacity in the investigated age range (60-92 years) was 8.8 and 7.3 mL/s for women and men respectively. The results showed high inter-and intra-rater reliability and agreement between the clinical assessment and the video recording.Conclusion: The presented measurements indicate a clear effect of age on swallowing capacity and that women may be expected to have lower capacity scores than men when tested using TWST. The provided norms can be used as reference points in the clinical identification of people at risk of dysphagia in the older population.
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| 21. |
- Hägglund, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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Voice Tremor in Patients With Essential Tremor : Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation of Caudal Zona Incerta
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Voice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0892-1997 .- 1873-4588. ; 30:2, s. 228-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the caudal zona incerta (cZi) on voice tremor in patients with essential tremor (ET). Study Design. This is a prospective nonrandomized design with consecutive patients.Methods. Twenty-six patients operated with cZi DBS were evaluated under two conditions: without stimulation (Stim OFF) and with stimulation (Stim ON). Voice tremor was assessed on the basis of recordings of sustained vowel productions using a four-point rating scale in a blinded and randomized procedure. Averaged values of multiple assessments for each stimulus were used in statistical testing. The group of patients with voice tremor in Stim OFF was analyzed separately from the group of patients without voice tremor.Results. Voice tremor was significantly reduced on stimulation compared with off for the subgroup with initial voice tremor. Voice tremor prevalence was found to be 50% (13 patients). Individual differences in voice tremor outcome were noticeable. Six of the patients with voice tremor at baseline improved substantially by cZi DBS treatment.Conclusions. On the group level, voice tremor in patients with ET was found to reduce when stimulating the cZi. Bilateral stimulation was indicated to be more effective in reducing voice tremor than unilateral stimulation. However, individual voice tremor outcomes suggest that not all patients benefit from cZi DBS. Severity of voice tremor at baseline may not be a good predictor of voice tremor outcome after cZi DBS. Patients should be informed before surgery regarding individual differences in response to DBS treatment.
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| 22. |
- Isaksson, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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Hållbar stadsutveckling i praktiken – färdplan för kollektivtrafik i samhällsplanering
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Forum för innovation i transportsektorn har initierat ett arbete med färdplaner inom områden som är av strategisk vikt för att ställa om till ett hållbart transportsystem med radikalt minskad miljö- och klimatpåverkan. I detta sammanhang är kollektivtrafik en central fråga. Det finns redan mycketkunskap som visar betydelsen av att planera samhället och den fysiska bebyggelsen på ett sätt som stimulerar till en yt- och energieffektiva transporter. Men trots all kunskap är bilen fortfarande ofta norm i nationell, regional och lokal transportpolitik och planering. En nyckelfråga för att skapa ett transportsystem som kan bidra till att förverkliga hållbara och attraktiva städer och regioner handlar om att göra kollektivtrafik och andra hållbara färdmedel tillgrundprinciper i samhällsplaneringen. Under hösten 2013 fick K2 och SKL uppdraget att leda ett arbete med fokus på denna fråga. Uppdraget grundades i ”Färdplan för kollektivtrafikens roll i en hållbar samhällsutveckling” som Svensk kollektivtrafik och K2 hade tagit fram gemensamt undervåren 2013. I arbetet med denna färdplan har vi haft hjälp av en bred konstellation av personer med kompetenser inom till exempel fysisk planering, kollektivtrafik, byggindustrin, handel, hållbar design och fastighetssektorn. Mot bakgrund i befintlig forskning och resultat från workshopar har färdplanentagits fram. De frågor som varit vägledande för vårt arbete är potentialen i en mer kollektivtrafikanpassad samhällsplanering och vilka insatser och aktiviteter som är viktigast för att på kort tid komma framåt i denna fråga.Arbetet har genomförts under perioden november 2013 till oktober 2014. Vi vill rikta ett varmt tack till alla som på något sätt har bidragit till arbetet. En förteckning över dessa personer återfinns i bilaga 3. Färdplanen utmynnar i förslag på ett antal konkreta insatser som bör prioriteras här och nu för attkomma vidare i arbetet för ett transportsystem med minskad miljö- och klimatpåverkan, som kan bidra substantiellt i förverkligandet av hållbara och attraktiva städer och regioner.
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| 23. |
- Johansson, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Picosecond level error detection using PCA in the hardware timing systems for the EISCAT_3D LAAR
- 2010
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Ingår i: Radio Science Bulletin. - 1024-4530. ; :333, s. 45-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While developing the timing system for the receiver arrays for the EISCAT_3D system, several approaches to detect and adjust for timing errors within the array have been explored. The demand on the timing error between all elements in the array is to have a standard deviation of less than 120 ps, thus requiring high quality error detection systems to guarantee radar operation. This paper investigates the qualities of a secondary error detection system based on statistical analysis of captured data. The measurements are assembled with a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of -30 dB implying that the elements in a 2112 element array need to be grouped into sub-arrays of 48 elements each. The captured data is then evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and averaged over 20,000 measurements, or about half a second. Timing errors between sub-arrays of down to ~120 ps and a percentage of faulty sub-arrays of up to 20% are detectable. As a secondary error detection system PCA is cheap to implement since the only need of the analysis is a small amount of computer time. It also provides a valuable detection system for hardware errors in the primary timing system that can otherwise be hard to find.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Kantojärvi, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting tool life for side milling in C45 E using Colding and Taylor tool life models
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering. - 2666-9129. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the possibility of using empirical tool life models to predict tool life in a side milling application in a medium carbon steel, C 45E. To do this, an extensive dataset containing 46 data points with different machining parameters are produced. Four different empirical models: Taylor's equation, Colding's equation and Extended Taylor both using depth of cut and feed as well as an Extended Taylor using equivalent chip thickness has been considered. It is found that Colding's equation is best suited to predict the tool life for this application. Furthermore, this paper suggests a novel method to fit the experimental data to the empirical models. Based on the results from previously published papers it is shown that the proposed method performs equally or better to determine the model constants.
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| 26. |
- Karlsson, Fredrik, Docent, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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A within-subject comparison of face-to-face and telemedicine screening using the timed water swallow test (TWST) and the test of mastication and swallowing of solids (TOMASS)
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Dysphagia (New York. Print). - : Springer. - 0179-051X .- 1432-0460. ; 38, s. 483-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Timed Water Swallow Test (TWST) and the Test of Mastication of Solids (TOMASS) are dysphagia screening procedures that have been shown to be reliably assessed from video. The reliability of the procedures performed over telemedicine has not previously been assessed. TWST and TOMASS outcomes in two situations (both face-to-face and over telemedicine) were compared for 48 participants (aged 60-90; 27 with clinical conditions and 21 older persons). Both testing situation and test performed order were randomized, and all assessment procedures were performed within 3 h of each other. The results indicated a high level of agreement between face-to-face and telemedicine screening outcomes for TWST and TOMASS, respectively. The assessments indicated an 83% and 76% agreement in classifications of individual participants as within or outside normal limits for the TWST and TOMASS for the two test situations. The TWST showed a balanced distribution in differing classification in telemedicine (0.16-0.19 error rates). The TOMASS procedure classified more participants as outside normal limits over telemedicine compared to face-to-face administration. Agreement in the observed number of swallows was substantially lower than other outcome measures, which is attributed to increased difficulty in observing this property over video. Most participants (60%) reported that they would prefer telemedicine over face-to-face assessments, and 90% viewed the procedure as more accessible than expected. All participants were satisfied with the telemedicine procedures. The results suggest that clinical assessment of dysphagia over telemedicine using the TWST and TOMASS are viable alternatives to face-to-face administration of the procedures.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Martinsson, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Complete post-separation of overlapping ultrasonic signals by combining hard and soft modeling
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ultrasonics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0041-624X .- 1874-9968. ; 48:5, s. 427-443
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In some ultrasonic measurement situations, an adequate signal separation is difficult to achieve. A typical situation is material characterization of thin media using pulse-echo or through-transmission techniques, when the time-of-flight in the media is shorter than the emitted signal's time support. Separated signals are necessary to obtain accurate estimates of material properties and transit times. In this paper a new method is proposed that enables complete post separation of measured coinciding signals. The method is based on a combination of hard physical and soft empirical models, which allows for a description of both known and unknown properties making a complete separation possible. The validity and limitations of the model and the separation results are thoroughly addressed. The proposed technique is verified using real measurements on thin dispersive samples and validated using residual analysis. The experimental results show a complete separation with uncorrelated and normally distributed residuals. The method enables characterization and/or flow analysis in difficult overlapping situations.
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| 29. |
- Martinsson, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating the underlying signal waveform and synchronization jitter from repeated measurements
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 1424402018 ; , s. 440-443
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a synchronization technique, for applications using repeated or periodically excited measurements. The problem with existing techniques is their limitations to specific signal and noise conditions, such as white Gaussian noise or narrowband signals. The proposed method extracts statistical information about the underlying signal and noise in the measurements to obtain good synchronization (asymptotically optimal). The Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived for the synchronization problem, including bounds for the underlying signal waveform and the covariance of the noise. The method, which is the maximum-likelihood estimator for both white and colored Gaussian noise, is compared with standard sub-sample estimation and aligning techniques using Monte Carlo simulations. The results show significant improvements compared to standard synchronization techniques.
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| 30. |
- Martinsson, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Separation of dispersive coinciding signals by combining hard and soft modeling
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Congress on Ultrasonics.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In some ultrasonic measurement situations, an adequate signal separation is difficult to achieve. A typical situation is material characterization of thin media, relative to the emitted signal's time support. In this paper a new method is proposed that enables accurate signal separation of measured coinciding signals in the postprocessing stage. The method is based on a combination of hard physical and soft empirical models, which allows for a description of both known and unknown dynamics making the separation possible. The proposed technique is verified using real measurements on thin dispersive samples and validated with residual analysis.
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| 31. |
- Mazzotta, Francesco, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoplasmonic biosensing with on-chip electrical detection
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biosensors and Bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 26:4, s. 1131-1136
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A nanoplasmonic biosensor chip with integrated electrical detection is presented. The concept is based on the local refractive index sensitivity of nanoplasmonic gold nanodisks (110 nm in diameter and 20 nm in height) that are fabricated, through a parallel method, directly on an array of silicon solar cells or photoactive diodes. The nanoplasmonic properties of the sensor chip were investigated both optically and electrically, with excellent agreement between the two. We show that local changes in the refractive index of the surrounding environment gives changes in the nanoplasmonic properties of the gold nanodisks, which induce corresponding changes in the photocurrent at single wavelengths of the nanoplasmonic solar cells. With a simple light-emitting diode as light source, and together with a material-specific modification protocol, the photocurrent output of the nanoplasmonic sensor chip was successfully used to monitor a specific biorecognition reaction in real-time.
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| 32. |
- Norlin, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for gradients of gene expression correlating with zonal topography of the olfactory sensory map
- 2001
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience. - : Academic Press. - 1044-7431 .- 1095-9327. ; 18:3, s. 283-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Signals regulating diversification of olfactory sensory neurons to express odorant receptors and other genes necessary for correct assembly of the olfactory sensory map persist in the olfactory epithelium of adult mouse. We have screened for genes with an expression pattern correlating with the topography odorant receptor-expression zones. The Msx1 homeobox gene and a semaphorin receptor (Neuropilin-2) showed graded expression patterns in the olfactory epithelium. The gradients of Msx1 and Neuropilin-2 expression in basal cells and neurons, respectively, correlated with expression of a retinoic acid-synthesizing enzyme (RALDH2) in lamina propria. A BMP-type I receptor (Alk6) showed a reverse gradient of expression in the supporting cells of the epithelium. Considering known functions of identified genes in cell specification and axon guidance this suggests that zonal division of the olfactory sensory map is maintained, during continuous neurogenesis, as a consequence of topographic counter gradients of positional information.
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| 33. |
- Sandén, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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A perspective-taking university course for cancer survivors, loved ones and healthcare professionals
- 2024
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Ingår i: Social Sciences & Humanities Open. - : Elsevier. - 2590-2911. ; 2024:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports the results of a university course aimed at exploring and improving cooperation in healthcare with both cancer survivors, loved ones and healthcare professionals as students.Central to the course was the understanding of and moving between each other's perspectives. Operating within a framework inspired by problem-based learning (PBL), small groups consisting of at least one cancer survivor, one loved one and one healthcare professional, collaboratively created scenarios based on their personal experiences. The students developed, elaborated, and identified problems and potential solutions. The pedagogical framing illustrated an empowering process of defining and elaborating a problem of their combined concerns, using their different knowledge. Although cooperation presented challenges, most students were able to explore and appreciate each other's perspectives when provided with a safe environment. Our experiences highlight the importance of both contextual safety and personal development as key factors in addressing power imbalances in healthcare.
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| 34. |
- Sandström, Linda, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Speech intelligibility in Parkinson's disease patients with zona incerta deep brain stimulation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Brain and Behavior. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2162-3279. ; 5:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of l-dopa (Levodopa) and cZi-DBS (deep brain stimulation in caudal zona incerta) on spontaneous speech intelligibility in patients with PD (Parkinson's disease).Materials and MethodsSpontaneous utterances were extracted from anechoic recordings from 11 patients with PD preoperatively (off and on l-dopa medication) and 6 and 12 months post bilateral cZi-DBS operation (off and on stimulation, with simultaneous l-dopa medication). Background noise with an amplitude corresponding to a clinical setting was added to the recordings. Intelligibility was assessed through a transcription task performed by 41 listeners in a randomized and blinded procedure.ResultsA group-level worsening in spontaneous speech intelligibility was observed on cZi stimulation compared to off 6 months postoperatively (8 adverse, 1 positive, 2 no change). Twelve months postoperatively, adverse effects of cZi-DBS were not frequently observed (2 positive, 3 adverse, 6 no change). l-dopa administered preoperatively as part of the evaluation for DBS operation provided the overall best treatment outcome (1 adverse, 4 positive, 6 no change).ConclusionscZi-DBS was shown to have smaller negative effects when evaluated from spontaneous speech compared to speech effects reported previously. The previously reported reduction in word-level intelligibility 12 months postoperatively was not transferred to spontaneous speech for most patients. Reduced intelligibility due to cZi stimulation was much more prominent 6 months postoperatively than at 12 months.
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| 35. |
- Schultheiss, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of the minimum chip thickness on the obtained surface roughness during turning operations
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 13, s. 67-71
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Considerable efforts have been put into analyzing the obtained surface roughness during turning operations. However, knowledge is still lacking on how to model the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra through using a general model applicable for all workpiece materials and process parameters. Further, the influence of the minimum chip thickness on the obtained surface roughness needs to be clarified. This article presents a new model for predicting the Ra surface roughness during turning operations. The model is based on physical and empirical knowledge of the turning process and has been experimentally validated through turning Al-SiCp MMC, cast iron, conventional- and stainless steels, as well as Ti6Al4V. The obtained results show great potentials with an average error of 6.7% even though errors as large as 16.6% were obtained for some cases.
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| 36. |
- Schultheiss, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling the cost of varying surface finish demands during longitudinal turning operations
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0268-3768 .- 1433-3015. ; 84:5, s. 1103-1114
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tolerances, including geometry, dimension, and surface roughness, are an important part of production where the desire to manufacture quality products have to be weighed against the increase of manufacturing costs. The desired tolerance will influence the choice of both manufacturing method and machine tool. Given that machining is an adequate production method, variation of the required tolerances will imply a variation of the part cost which needs to be taken into account during production planning. Thus, the term “tolerance cost” is introduced. The paper presents a model for evaluating the tolerance cost in respect to the surface roughness during longitudinal turning operations, enabling a better comparison between different production alternatives. Through knowledge of the required surface roughness, it is possible to estimate appropriate cutting conditions. Knowledge of the cutting conditions and the part geometry then makes it possible to calculate the cycle time, information which in turn may be used for calculating the corresponding part cost. Through using experimental data, it is proven that the required surface roughness has a significant influence on the attained manufacturing cost. For instance, while longitudinally turning AISI 4140, it was shown that an improvement of the surface roughness from Ra=3.2 μm to Ra=1.6 μm will entail an increase of the part cost by roughly 20 %. Similarly, a decrease of the required surface quality (larger Ra value) will imply a significantly reduced part cost.
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| 37. |
- Stahl, J. E., et al.
(författare)
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Analytical and experimental determination of the Ra surface roughness during turning
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Procedia Engineering (1st CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity, CSI 2012; Bremen; 30 January 2012 through 1 February 2012; Code 87787). - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7058. ; 19, s. 349-356
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article an analytical equation for calculating the theoretical arithmetic mean surface roughness, Ra, in the case of turning using a tool with a circular nose radius is presented. The deviation that often occurs between the expected and the obtained surface roughness during these machining operations is investigated. Influence of the minimum chip thickness is discussed especially in regards to the related phenomenon of so called side flow of material on the machined surface. Three different kinds of workpiece materials have been investigated in order to gain a better understanding of their influence on the obtained surface roughness. The obtained results show that the surface roughness could be considered as being inside an interval of two analytically determined Ra-values. © 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Prof. E. Brinksmeier.
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| 38. |
- Ståhl, Jan-Eric, et al.
(författare)
-
Analytical Calculation of the Ra Surface Roughness during Turning
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th International Swedish Production Symposium. - 9789175197524 ; , s. 185-190
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article an analytical equation for calculating the theoretical arithmetic mean surface roughness, Ra, in the case of turning using a tool with a circular nose radius is presented. The calculated Ra-values are verified by experimental results obtained from machining of 7 different workpiece materials. For all measuring series results were obtained that were either better or worse than the theoretically calculated values. The presented model describes an analytical equation for calculating the theoretical Ra-value and may be practically implemented in industry.
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| 39. |
- Ståhl, Jan-Eric, et al.
(författare)
-
Tolerance Cost in Relation to Surface Finish during Longitudinal Turning Operations
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 6th Swedish Production Symposium.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tolerances are an important part of production where the desire to produce quality products have to be weighed against the increased production costs. The desired tolerance will influence the choice of both production method as well as the machine used. Given that machining is an adequate production method, variation of the required surface roughness will imply a variation of the part cost which needs to be taken into account during production planning. This paper presents a method for evaluating the tolerance cost in regards to surface roughness during longitudinal turning operations, thus enabling a better comparison between different production situations.
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| 40. |
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