| 1. |
- Awad, Raed, et al.
(författare)
-
PFAS in waste residuals from Swedish incineration plants : A systematic investigation
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Incineration is the dominant treatment for residual waste in Sweden. It is desirable to reach complete thermal oxidation of chemical substances in the incineration process to destroy toxic substances contained in waste. Otherwise, there is a risk of toxic substances being released into the environment through incineration residuals. This project has investigated to which extent Swedish waste incineration plants emit PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) via bottom ash, fly ash and condensate water. Of 38 incineration plants in Sweden, 27 (in total 31 furnaces) joined the project, answered questionnaires about operating parameters, and sampled incineration residuals. Five samples from each matrix, fly ash, bottom ash, or condensate water, were collected during a two-week period to compensate for the variation over time. The collected samples of bottom ash, fly ash and condensate were analysed for 27 different PFAS according to a methodology developed by IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, based on LC-MS / MS. Out of the 27 incineration plants in this project, five plants had no samples with PFAS-27 concentrations above the analytical limit of detection in any of the matrices. Generally, the results show low concentrations in the sampled matrices from most plants, with a few exceptions. No apparent relationships were found between the analysed concentrations of PFAS in the sampling matrices and the operational data.
|
|
| 2. |
- Kotova, Natalia, et al.
(författare)
-
A novel micronucleus in vitro assay utilizing human hematopoietic stem cells
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Toxicology in Vitro. - : Elsevier BV. - 0887-2333 .- 1879-3177. ; 29:7, s. 1897-1905
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The induction of micronucleated reticulocytes in the bone marrow is a sensitive indicator of chromosomal damage. Therefore, the micronucleus assay in rodents is widely used in genotoxicity and carcinogenicity testing. A test system based on cultured human primary cells could potentially provide better prediction compared to animal tests, increasing patient safety while also implementing the 3Rs principle, i.e. replace, reduce and refine. Hereby, we describe the development of an in vitro micronucleus assay based on animal-free ex vivo culture of human red blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells. To validate the method, five clastogens with direct action, three clastogens requiring metabolic activation, four aneugenic and three non-genotoxic compounds have been tested. Also, different metabolic systems have been applied. Flow cytometry was used for detection and enumeration of micronuclei. Altogether, the results were in agreement with the published data and indicated that a sensitive and cost effective in vitro assay to assess genotoxicity with a potential to high-throughput screening has been developed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Moldan, Filip, et al.
(författare)
-
Fullskaleförsök av vatten och partikeltransport i en dag- och bräddvattenanläggning Kungälv/Ytterby
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kapaciteten att hantera vatten och partiklar vid ett kraftigt punktutsläpp (så kallad bräddning) i en dag- och bräddvattenanläggning har testats i ett fullskaleförsök. En tankbil släppte ut 9 kubikmeter rent vatten med mikroplast, 2 g polyamidpartiklar, i en grop överst i anläggningen. Vattenprover samlades in och filtrerades och partiklarna analyserades i mikroskop. Anläggningen fördröjde effektivt det insläppta vattnet och partikelhalterna minskade mycket kraftigt mellan utsläppet och anläggningens olika delar.
|
|
