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1.	Di Francesco, Davide, et al. (författare) Debottlenecking a Pulp Mill by Producing Biofuels from Black Liquor in Three Steps 2021 Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 14:11, s. 2414-2425 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract By extracting lignin, pulp production can be increased without heavy investments in a new recovery boiler, the typical bottleneck of a pulp mill. The extraction is performed by using 0.20 and 0.15 weight equivalents of CO2 and H2SO4 respectively. Herein, we describe lignin esterification with fatty acids using benign reagents to generate a lignin ester mixable with gas oils. The esterification is accomplished by activating the fatty acid and lignin with acetic anhydride which can be regenerated from the acetic acid recycled in this reaction. The resulting mass balance ratio is fatty acid/lignin/acetic acid (2 : 1 : 0.1). This lignin ester can be hydroprocessed to generate hydrocarbons in gasoline, aviation, and diesel range. A 300-hour continuous production of fuel was accomplished. By recirculating reagents from both the esterification step and applying a water gas shift reaction on off-gases from the hydroprocessing, a favorable overall mass balance is realized.
2.	Eeg-Olofsson, Måns, 1967, et al. (författare) The Bone Conduction Implant-First Implantation, Surgical and Audiologic Aspects. 2014 Ingår i: Otology and Neurotology. - 1531-7129 .- 1537-4505. ; 35:4, s. 679-685 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To report on preoperative assessment, surgery, and audiologic outcome of the first patient implanted with the bone conduction implant (BCI).
3.	Abarkan, Abdellah, et al. (författare) Lyssna på forskningen : Den visar på avregleringens problem 2019 Ingår i: Dagens nyheter. - Stockholm : Dagens nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :10/21/2019 Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
4.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al. (författare) Data Analysis for School Improvement within Coupled Local School Systems : Which Data and with what Purposes? 2023 Ingår i: Leadership and Policy in Schools. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1570-0763 .- 1744-5043. ; 22:3, s. 714-727 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract From a new institutional theoretical perspective, this article explores school actors’ sense making linked to data-based decision making (DBDM) policy in general and processes of data analysis in particular. The study revealed how actors’ interpretation of and response to DBDM requirements pointed to strong and weak couplings between and within the local school system’s different organizational levels. While teachers primarily emphasized informal, daily analyses, the LEA and principals placed importance on formal, district and school-based analyses. In the same way teachers to a greater extent think that too much resources is spent on collecting and analyzing data rather than on innovation and school improvement.
5.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, 1976-, et al. (författare) En slutrapport från projektet: Lärande skolor och förskolor i Kalmar kommun : Forskning och lokalt skolutvecklingsarbete i samspel 2015 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
6.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al. (författare) Evaluating School Improvement Efforts : Pupils as Silent Result Suppliers, or Audible Improvement Resources? 2018 Ingår i: International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. - Flacq : Society for Research and Knowledge Management. - 1694-2493 .- 1694-2116. ; 17:6, s. 34-50 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This article contributes to a perspective of school development, where pupils‟ experiences of the teaching they encounter are regarded as a result of improvement work. In a three-year research collaboration with four nine-year compulsory schools in a large Swedish municipality, researchers have continuously conducted group interviews with different actors, collected relevant documentation and reported their preliminary analyses to the schools. In the light of previous research, the results show that the development areas that have been in focus in the schools have in some cases had an impact on the teaching. However, no homogenous change is evident. Rather, the variation between classrooms, teachers and subjects is great, especially if the pupils‟ perspectives are taken into consideration. The pupils‟ experiences and voices on how the improvement work materialises in the classroom contribute to explaining the connections, or lack of them, between the school and classroom levels.
7.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al. (författare) Evaluating teacher and school development by learning capital : a conceptual contribution to a fundamental problem 2019 Ingår i: Improving Schools. - : Sage Publications. - 1365-4802 .- 1475-7583. ; 22:2, s. 130-143 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In light of an international policy movement to increase focus on students’ academic achievement, the question of how to improve schools has become an important issue at all levels in the school system. Substantial resources have been invested in reforms to improve conditions for pupils’ learning. Great expectations and responsibility are often placed on teachers in terms of their professional development (PD), the aim being to improve their teaching practices. Consequently, the question of how to evaluate the results of school improvement programmes, including teachers’ PD, has arisen. However, there is a lack of theoretical concepts that can capture the outcomes of such development in a qualified way. Taking inspiration from the research on teachers’ PD and theories relating to teachers’ knowledge and capabilities, the aim of this study is to outline a conceptual framework that can serve as an analytical tool when evaluating both school improvement initiatives in general and school actors’ learning in particular. Four types of learning capital that are intended to reflect the central aspects of teachers’ and school organisations’ learning and the capabilities linked to teaching practice and its development are outlined. This conceptual framework is applied and exemplified based on the results of a three-year research project evaluating a school improvement programme in a Swedish municipality. Finally, some conclusions are drawn regarding the different types of analysis possible with the current conceptual framework related to the evaluation of school improvement efforts.
8.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, 1976-, et al. (författare) Lärande grundskolor i Stockholm stad : En slutrapport 2017 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
9.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, 1976-, et al. (författare) Lärande skolor och förskolor i Kalmar kommun : Forskning och lokalt skolutvecklingsarbete i samspel - En delrapport 2014 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
10.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al. (författare) Mötet mellan den statliga och kommunala kvalitetsstyrningen inom ramen för Samverkan för bästa skola 2021 Ingår i: Pedagogisk forskning i Sverige. - : Linnaeus University. - 1401-6788 .- 2001-3345. ; 26:1, s. 15-41 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Inom ramen för det svenska decentraliserade skolsystemet har ansvaret för att bygga upp, utveckla och bedriva ett systematiskt kvalitetsarbete i första hand varit en fråga för huvudmän och skolor att hantera. I ljuset av en ökad re-centralisering av skolan har uppbyggandet av olika kvalitetssystem för uppföljning och kontroll av skolornas resultat också kommit att utgöra ett viktigt sätt för huvudmannen att styra skolan på. I studien benämns detta i termer av kvalitetsstyrning. I och med Samverkan för bästa skola har dessa gränsdragningar mellan det lokala och det nationella kommit att utmanas. Studien bygger på intervjudata inhämtad på fyra skolor som deltar i Samverkan för bästa skola, från skolförvaltningen i samma kommun samt genom intervju med en representant från Skolverket. Utifrån begreppen löst kopplade system och organisatoriska rutiner studeras vad som karaktäriserar den nationella respektive den kommunala kvalitetsstyrningen samt vad som sker i mötet dem emellan på skolor som genomgår insatser inom ramen för Samverkan för bästa skola, samt med vilka konsekvenser. Resultatet av studien visar bland annat på att idéer och metoder om databaserad skolutveckling utgör viktiga legitimitetsgrunder för såväl den kommunala som den nationella kvalitetsstyrningen. Den nationella kvalitetsstyrningen via Samverkan för bästa skola är dock betydligt mer intensifierad och når längre in i skolornas organisation.
11.	Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al. (författare) The Local Education Authority’s Implementation of a Capacity-building model for school improvement – obstacles and possibilities 2019 Ingår i: Presented at ECER 2019. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract General description on research questions, objectives and theoretical framework (600 words)In school systems around the world, there is an increasing focus on pupils’ academic achievements and school results. This has resulted in an intensified control of pupils’ levels of achievement (cf. PISA) and increasing demands for school actors and decision-makers to improve schools. In this respect, Sweden is no exception. Ages of declining student achievement, decreased equality between schools have spurred an intensive critique against the Swedish school system and triggered a more state-regulated governing of the school system in terms of several national reforms, which altogether aim to take control over the schools’ outcome (Wahlström & Sundberg, 2017; Adolfsson, 2018). In light of such a policy movement the Local Education Authorities (LEA) and schools’ responsibility for pupils’ achievement and equality have been highlighted and strengthened in Swedish policy. In addition, to ensure the quality of the teaching and the professionalism of the teachers, a revision of the Swedish Education Act was carried out in 2010. This revision stipulated, among other things, that all schools and local school authorities must conduct a systematic improvement work. This had led to a discussion of how school on a local basis can build capacity to improve themselves. In this context, LEA, in the Swedish municipalities, have become important policy actors (Wahlström & Sundberg, 2017b). To strengthen the schools own capacity for improvement, but also to increase the control over the schools’ processes and outcomes, the construction and implementation of different quality systems has been an important strategy for the local education authorities (Adolfsson & Alvunger, 2017; Håkansson & Sundberg, 2016).In this paper, we will put this ‘meso-level’, i.e. the relationship between LEA and the schools, in focus. We mean that this is an important, but many times overlooked, relationship when it comes to understand processes and outcomes related to the implementation of local quality systems and school improvement initiatives (Rorrer, Skrla & Scheurich, 2008). Based on an ongoing three-year research project in a major municipality in Sweden, the overall aim is to investigate a LEA: s attempt to implement a new quality system at the schools in the municipality, as a way to control and strengthen the schools’ improvement work. The following research questions are addressed in the paper:1. How and which central aspects of the schools’ improvement work tries LEA control and strengthened through the implementation of a new quality system?2. In what w ay do school actors respond to LES’s attempt to implement the quality system?3. Which different factors can be distinguished as notably important for the outcome of the implementation process?The relationship between the LED and the current schools are understood and analysed from a neo-institutional theoretical perspective (Scott, 2008). From this perspective, three dimensions can be highlighted regarding how institutions (in this case the LED and the current schools) seek to control and affect other institutions, respond to external pressure and seek legitimacy: regulative (rules and sanctions), normative (prevalent norms, expectations and ideals ), and cognitive-cultural/discursive (shared conceptions and frames of meaning-making). This perspective enable us to elucidate the character of the different strategies and actions that LED undertake in the implementation of the new quality model. To understand the implementation processes that occurred at the different schools, theoretical inspiration is acquired from implementation theory (Fixen et al. 2005; Lundquist, 1987; Lipsky, 1980). This theory put analytical focus on central implementation factors such as clarity, school actors knowledge, legitimacy, time, leadership, organisation, school culture etc, which thus help us to understand the result of the implementation processes of the different schools. Methods/methodology (400 words)The overall research project, which this specific study is conducted within, has a mixed-method inspired design. The aim with such an approach is to deepening the understanding of the current research questions being addressed through obtaining different, but complementary data on the phenomenon that stand in focus for the study (Cresswell, 2010; Cresswell and Clark, 2007). In this specific sub-study, we have followed the education authority’s implementation process at six different schools in the current municipality. The current schools are located in areas with differences in socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds and each school was followed for a school year, which made it possible to contextually place and understand the implementation process within the structure, organization and culture of the schools.In line with the theoretical points of departure and the general aim to elucidate patterns of the local school authority’s implementation of the new quality system and school actors’ understanding and response of the quality system, following methods and empirical data have been used. i) content analysis of central policy documents ii) observations (n=xx) iii) 24 semi-structured interviews with key actors at the different schools (n=50). Accordingly, an extensive empirical material have been collected. To conduct a contextual understanding of each school, central documents regarding the local schools’ organisation, policy and vision, leading and management structure, pupils’ achievement, school improvement strategies were at a first step analysed. This contextual understanding was important for the next step, when data related to LEA implementation of the new quality system at the single schools were collected. This was carried out through participating observations at the different kinds of meetings that occurred amongst LEA and the current schools. Finally, as a way to deepen the understanding of the school actors’ response to the new quality system, semi-structured interviews with central key actors at the single school were carried out. Expected outcomes (300 words)The relationship between the LEA and the schools will finally be discussed and problematized in light of the following preliminary results:- The implementation of the quality system occurred through a number of steps: 1. an introduction meeting between represents from the LEA and key actors from the schools 2. a quality dialogue two months later and 3. a quality seminary arranged by the LEA where the principals from the involving schools were participating. In contrast to a more traditional ‘regulative’ strategy of governing the schools, the LEA’s implementation of the current quality system, in terms of these different activities, was characterized by a more normative and discursive way of controlling the schools’ improvement work (i.e. soft governance).- We could distinguish a variety in the initial stage of the implementation process regarding in what degree the school actors consider the LEA’s quality system as legitimate. The same variety between the schools was notably concerning how they perceived the idea and the purpose behind the new quality system but also how LEA’s system should be incorporated with their own local quality systems.- Factors that may explain these differences in the implementation process is firstly, a notably ‘knowledge-gap’, that existed between the schools. That is, principals and other key actors’ knowledge and competencies about local systematic quality work in terms of, for example, data collection, interpretation and using different methods of analysis, seem to be crucial for the implementation process. A second crucial factor seems to be how the principals organized his or her school improvement work, including delegation of responsibility and how different school actors’ knowledge and competencies were used in an appropriate way.
12.	Ambring, Erik, et al. (författare) Developing the Game Testament : Multiple Perspectives in Serious Game Development 2010 Ingår i: Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on Game and Entertainment Technologies. - : IADIS Press. - 9789728939182 ; , s. 35-44 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This article presents the process of creating the game Testament; an action role-playing game for PC which uses the Old Testament as its setting. The game is primarily designed for confirmation education in the Church of Sweden, with the purpose to create interest in the Old Testament. In this paper we describe our experiences with the process of creating a game where the work has been guided by three, in some cases, contradictory goals: the educational value, the source authenticity and the gaming entertainment. Our conclusion is that clear requirements for the entertainment must be created as a counterweight to the practical aspects' requirements, e.g. education and authenticity. To create requirements for game experience, it can be useful to identify a game genre and find a game that can serve as a template. One consequence of the fact that a specific goal for entertainment and a very clear requirement on content existed was that a number of fundamental contradictions could be identified (e.g. narrative, game mechanics, adaptation). When these inconsistencies were encountered, a suitable approach could be chosen in order to reach a compromise. If an existing game used as a reference wasn't available, it is likely that the entertainment would have suffered for the benefit of the educational aspects and biblical authenticity.
13.	Andersson, Peter, 1981- (författare) Fast-Neutron Tomography using a Mobile Neutron Generator for Assessment of Steam-Water Distributions in Two-Phase Flows 2014 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis describes the measurement technique of fast-neutron tomography for assessing spatial distributions of steam and water in two-phase flows. This so-called void distribution is of importance both for safe operation and for efficient use of the fuel in light water reactors, which compose the majority of the world’s commercial nuclear reactors. The technique is aimed for usage at thermal-hydraulic test loops, where heated two-phase flows are being investigated under reactor-relevant conditions.By deploying portable neutron generators in transmission tomography, the technique becomes applicable to stationary objects, such as thermal-hydraulic test loops. Fast neutrons have the advantage of high transmission through metallic structures while simultaneously being relatively sensitive to the water/void content. However, there are also challenges, such as the relatively low yield of commercially available fast-neutron generators, the tendency of fast neutrons to scatter in the interactions with materials and the relatively low efficiency encountered in fast-neutron detection.The thesis describes the design of a prototype instrument, FANTOM, which has been assembled and demonstrated. The main design parameters have been optimized to achieve maximal signal count rate in the detector elements, while simultaneously reaching an image unsharpness of ≤0.5 mm. Radiographic projections recorded with the assembled instrument are presented, and the performance parameters of FANTOM are deduced.Furthermore, tomographic reconstruction methods for axially symmetric objects, which is relevant for some test loops, have been developed and demonstrated on measured data from three test objects. The attenuation distribution was reconstructed with a radial resolution of 0.5 mm and an RMS error of 0.02 cm-1, based on data recorded using an effective measurement time of 3.5 hours per object. For a thermal-hydraulic test loop, this can give a useful indication of the flow mode, but further development is desired to improve the precision of the measurements.Instrument upgrades are foreseen by introducing a more powerful neutron generator and by adding detector elements, speeding up the data collection by several orders of magnitude and allowing for higher precision data. The requirements and performance of an instrument for assessment of arbitrary non-symmetric test loops is discussed, based on simulations.
14.	Andersson, Peter, 1981- (författare) Optimization of Equipment for Tomographic Measurements of Void Distributions using Fast Neutrons 2011 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This licentiate thesis describes a novel nondestructive measuring technique for determiningspatial distributions of two-phase water flows. In Boiling Water Reactors, which compose themajority of the world's commercial nuclear reactors, this so called void distribution is of importance for safe operation.The presented measurement technique relies on fast neutron transmission tomography using portable neutron generators. Varying hardware options for such an instrument based on this technique and a prototype instrument, which is under construction, are described. The main design parameters are detailed and motivated from a performance point of view. A Paretomultiple objective optimization of the count rate and image unsharpness is presented. The resulting instrument design comprises an array of plastic scintillators for neutron detection. Such detector elements allow for spectroscopic data acquisition and subsequent reduction of background events at low energy by means of introducing an energy threshold in the analysis.The thesis includes two papers: In paper I, the recoil proton energy deposition distribution resulting from the interaction of the incoming neutrons is investigated for thin plastic scintillator elements. It is shown that the recoil proton losses have a large effect on the pulse height distribution and the intrinsic neutron detection efficiency is calculated for varying energy thresholds.In paper II the performance of the planned FANTOM device is investigated using the particle transport code MCNP5. An axially symmetric phantom void distribution is modeled and there construction is compared with the correct solution. According to the solutions, the phantom model can be reconstructed with 10 equal size ring-shaped picture elements, with a precision of better than 5 void percent units using a deuterium-tritium neutron generator with a yield of 3 · 107 neutrons per second and a measurement time of 13 h. However, it should be noted that commercial neutron generators with a factor of 103 higher yields exist and that the measurement time could decrease to less than a minute if such a neutron generator would beutilized.
15.	Banote, Rakesh Kumar, et al. (författare) CSF biomarkers in patients with epilepsy in Alzheimer's disease: a nation-wide study. 2022 Ingår i: Brain communications. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2632-1297. ; 4:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative dementia. A subset of Alzheimer's disease patients develop epilepsy. The risk is higher in young-onset Alzheimer's disease, but pathophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to assess biomarkers reflecting neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease patients with and without epilepsy. By cross-referencing the largest national laboratory database with Swedish National Patient Register, we could identify CSF biomarker results from 17901 Alzheimer's disease patients, and compare levels of neurofilament light, glial fibrillary acidic protein, total tau, phosphorylated tau and amyloid beta 42 in patients with (n = 851) and without epilepsy. The concentrations of total tau and phosphorylated tau were higher in Alzheimer's disease patients with epilepsy than Alzheimer's disease patients without epilepsy and amyloid beta 42 levels were significantly lower in Alzheimer's disease patients with epilepsy. No differences in the levels of neurofilament light and glial fibrillary acidic protein were observed. Our study suggests that epilepsy is more common in Alzheimer's disease patients with more pronounced Alzheimer's pathology, as determined by the CSF biomarkers. Further studies are needed to investigate the biomarker potential of these CSF markers as predictors of epilepsy course or as indicators of epileptogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.
16.	Björklund, Verna, et al. (författare) Early-onset group B streptococcal infections in five Nordic countries with different prevention policies, 1995 to 2019 2024 Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - : European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 29:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Neonatal early-onset disease caused by group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of infant morbidity. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is effective in preventing early-onset GBS disease, but there is no agreement on the optimal strategy for identifying the pregnant women requiring this treatment, and both risk-based prophylaxis (RBP) and GBS screening-based prophylaxis (SBP) are used.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SBP as a public health intervention on the epidemiology of early-onset GBS infections.Methods: In 2012, Finland started the universal SBP, while Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden continued with RBP. We conducted an interrupted time series analysis taking 2012 as the intervention point to evaluate the impact of this intervention. The incidences of early- and late-onset GBS infections during Period I (1995-2011) and Period II (2012-2019) were collected from each national register, covering 6,605,564 live births.Results: In Finland, a reduction of 58% in the incidence of early-onset GBS disease, corresponding to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.34-0.52), was observed after 2012. At the same time, the pooled IRR of other Nordic countries was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80-1.0), specifically 0.89 (95% CI: 0.70-1.5) in Denmark, 0.34 (95% CI: 0.15-0.81) in Iceland, 0.72 (95% CI: 0.59-0.88) in Norway and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.85-1.1) in Sweden.Conclusions: In this ecological study of five Nordic countries, early-onset GBS infections were approximately halved following introduction of the SBP approach as compared with RBP.
17.	Brynjólfsson, Siggeir Fannar, et al. (författare) An Antibody Against Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (TREM-1) Dampens Proinflammatory Cytokine Secretion by Lamina Propria Cells from Patients with IBD. 2016 Ingår i: Inflammatory bowel diseases. - 1536-4844. ; 22:8, s. 1803-11 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is a potent amplifier of inflammation. Recently, the antimicrobial peptide PGLYRP-1 was shown to be the ligand of TREM-1. Here, the ability of an anti-TREM-1 antibody to dampen the release of proinflammatory cytokines by colon lamina propria cells (LPCs) from patients with IBD was investigated and correlated with PGLYRP-1 levels.Biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC, n = 45) or Crohn's disease (CD, n = 26) were compared with those from individuals undergoing colonoscopy for other reasons (n = 17). TREM-1 expression was analyzed on myeloid cells by flow cytometry. Cell culture experiments with LPCs were used to analyze PGLYRP-1 and inflammatory cytokine levels and assess the effect of anti-TREM-1 on cytokine secretion.The frequency of TREM-1-expressing neutrophils and recruited macrophages was higher in inflamed than in noninflamed biopsies. The PGLYRP-1 level in inflamed tissue was higher than in noninflamed tissue; it was produced primarily by neutrophils, and its level correlated with the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Secretion of myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-8 by LPCs stimulated with the potent TREM-1 agonist consisting of PGLYRP-1 complexed with peptidoglycan was reduced in the presence of anti-TREM-1. Moreover, a blocking effect of anti-TREM-1 was apparent when LPCs from a subset of inflamed individuals with elevated PGLYRP-1 were stimulated with killed bacteria.An anti-TREM-1 antibody can dampen secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in inflamed patients with elevated PGLYRP-1. Moreover, PGLYRP-1 + myeloperoxidase is a potential biomarker for predicting the effect of anti-TREM-1 therapy.
18.	Conti, David, V, et al. (författare) Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction 2021 Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 53:1, s. 65-75 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across different populations highlights new risk loci and provides a genetic risk score that can stratify prostate cancer risk across ancestries.
19.	Dahlman, Disa, et al. (författare) Socioeconomic correlates of incident and fatal opioid overdose among Swedish people with opioid use disorder 2021 Ingår i: Substance Abuse: Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1747-597X. ; 16:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Opioid overdose (OD) and opioid OD death are major health threats to people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Socioeconomic factors are underexplored potential determinants of opioid OD. In this study, we assessed socioeconomic and other factors and their associations with incident and fatal opioid OD, in a cohort consisting of 22,079 individuals with OUD. Methods: We performed a retrospective, longitudinal study based on Swedish national register data for the period January 2005–December 2017. We used Cox proportional hazard models to investigate the risk of incident and fatal opioid OD as a function of several individual, parental and neighborhood covariates. Results: Univariate analysis showed that several covariates were associated with incident and fatal opioid OD. In the multivariate analysis, incident opioid OD was associated with educational attainment (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.94–0.97), having received social welfare (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.22–1.39), and criminal conviction (HR 1.53; 95% CI 1.42–1.65). Fatal opioid OD was also associated with criminal conviction (HR 1.93; 95% CI 1.61–2.32). Conclusion: Individuals with low education and receipt of social welfare had higher risks of incident opioid OD and individuals with criminal conviction were identified as a risk group for both incident and fatal opioid OD. Our findings should raise attention among health prevention policy makers in general, and among decision-makers within the criminal justice system and social services in particular.
20.	Dixon-Suen, Suzanne C, et al. (författare) Physical activity, sedentary time and breast cancer risk : a Mendelian randomisation study 2022 Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 56:20, s. 1157-1170 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVES: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are associated with higher breast cancer risk in observational studies, but ascribing causality is difficult. Mendelian randomisation (MR) assesses causality by simulating randomised trial groups using genotype. We assessed whether lifelong physical activity or sedentary time, assessed using genotype, may be causally associated with breast cancer risk overall, pre/post-menopause, and by case-groups defined by tumour characteristics.METHODS: We performed two-sample inverse-variance-weighted MR using individual-level Breast Cancer Association Consortium case-control data from 130 957 European-ancestry women (69 838 invasive cases), and published UK Biobank data (n=91 105-377 234). Genetic instruments were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated in UK Biobank with wrist-worn accelerometer-measured overall physical activity (nsnps=5) or sedentary time (nsnps=6), or accelerometer-measured (nsnps=1) or self-reported (nsnps=5) vigorous physical activity.RESULTS: Greater genetically-predicted overall activity was associated with lower breast cancer overall risk (OR=0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 0.83 per-standard deviation (SD;~8 milligravities acceleration)) and for most case-groups. Genetically-predicted vigorous activity was associated with lower risk of pre/perimenopausal breast cancer (OR=0.62; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.87,≥3 vs. 0 self-reported days/week), with consistent estimates for most case-groups. Greater genetically-predicted sedentary time was associated with higher hormone-receptor-negative tumour risk (OR=1.77; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.92 per-SD (~7% time spent sedentary)), with elevated estimates for most case-groups. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses examining pleiotropy (including weighted-median-MR, MR-Egger).CONCLUSION: Our study provides strong evidence that greater overall physical activity, greater vigorous activity, and lower sedentary time are likely to reduce breast cancer risk. More widespread adoption of active lifestyles may reduce the burden from the most common cancer in women.
21.	Empati : Teoretiska och praktiska perspektiv 2013 Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
22.	Engström, Henrik, et al. (författare) Making a Game of the Old Testament Balancing Authenticity, Education and Entertainment 2011 Ingår i: IADIS International Journal on WWW/Internet. - : IADIS Press. - 1645-7641. ; 9:1, s. 1-17 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This article presents the process of creating the game Testament; an action role-playing game for PC which uses the Old Testament as its setting. The game is primarily designed for confirmation education in the Church of Sweden, with the purpose to create interest in the Old Testament. In this paper we describe our experiences with the process of creating a game where the work has been guided by three, in some cases, contradictory goals; the source authenticity, the educational value, and the gaming entertainment. A pilot study is also presented in which confirmands have been interviewed focusing on their experiences from playing the game, as part of their confirmation studies.Our conclusion is that clear requirements for the entertainment must be created as a counterweight to the practical aspects' requirements, e.g. education and authenticity. To create requirements for game expericene, it can be useful to identify a game genre and find a game that can serve as a template. One consequence of the fact that a specific goal for entertainment and a very clear requirement on content existed was that a number of fundamental contradictions could be identified (e.g. narrative, game mechanics, adaptation). When these inconsistencies were encountered, a suitable approach could be chosen in order to reach a compromise. If an existing game used as a reference wasn't available, it is likely that the entertainment would have suffered for the benefit of the educational aspects and biblical authenticity. The pilot evaluation shows that the confirmands appreciate Testament for its gaming qualities and that they express a positive and curious attitude towards the biblical content presented in the game.
23.	Eriksson, Henrik, et al. (författare) Pentamethylphenylcopper(I): a square-planar tetranuclear cluster 1998 Ingår i: Inorganica Chimica Acta. ; 277:2, s. 233- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
24.	Garbacz, Piotr, et al. (författare) [Reveiw of:] John D. Sundquist. Morphosyntactic Change in the History of the Mainland Scandinavian Languages 2007 Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Linguistics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0332-5865 .- 1502-4717. ; , s. 137-146 Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
25.	Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al. (författare) A Flexible Remote Electronics Laboratory 2005 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The Internet provides new possibilities for universities and other teaching organizations to share laboratories equipped with expensive instruments. A remotely operated electronics laboratory has been set up by Blekinge Institute of Technology in Sweden. The laboratory is a client/server application and the Internet is used as the communication infrastructure. In the new version presented in this paper security problems are solved and an authentic appearance of instruments and components are provided. Most remote electronics laboratories elsewhere offer fixed experiments but in this one, students can simultaneously assemble circuits and conduct experiments much like they do in a traditional university laboratory. The laboratory is always open and can be used by registered students and guest users around the world.
26.	Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al. (författare) A Remote Electronics Laboratory for Physical Experiments using Virtual Breadboards 2005 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract In traditional university laboratories students conduct experiments under the supervision of an instructor. A remotely-operated laboratory for undergraduate education in electrical engineering which emulates a traditional laboratory has been set up by Blekinge Institute of Technology (hereafter referred to as BTH), Ronneby, Sweden. The laboratory is a client/server application and the Internet is used as the communication infrastructure. Most remote laboratories elsewhere are used for fixed experiments but in the BTH laboratory students around the world can assemble circuits simultaneously from electronic components in much the same way as they do in a traditional laboratory. The teacher or a member of the laboratory staff mounts the components to be used in the lab sessions in a circuit assembly robot in the experiment server in Ronneby. Students use the mouse to connect some of the corresponding virtual components on a virtual breadboard displayed on the client PC. Students thus control the robot by means of the wiring on the virtual breadboard. Virtual instrument front panels are used to control and read the instruments by means of remote control. To avoid potentially serious student mistakes e.g. overloading a component the teacher can preset limits to the source voltages which are accessible to students. The teacher can also restrict student circuits by, for example, dictating minimum impedance in loops created with aid of the components provided. The number of nodes provided on the virtual breadboard is adequate for experiments in undergraduate education. The laboratory is always open and can be used by registered students and guest users alike. The time-sharing scheme used allows simultaneous access for up to 8 client PCs. A 56 kbit/s modem and MS Internet Explorer are all that are required. The client software can be downloaded from the laboratory web site at http://distanslabserver.its.bth.se/. This paper discusses the remotely operated laboratory at BTH; it focuses on the virtual breadboard.
27.	Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al. (författare) An Instructional Electronics Laboratory Opened for Remote Operation and Control 2006 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Blekinge Institute of Technology in Sweden has opened a local instructional laboratory for undergraduate education in electrical and electronic engineering for remote operation and control 24/7 as a complement and a supplement to traditional laboratories. It is equipped with a unique virtual interface enabling students to recognize on their own computer screen the desktop instruments and the breadboard most of them have already used in the local laboratory. The open laboratory is used in regular courses in circuit analysis for distant learning students dispersed all over Sweden and for campus students as well. The research is focused on what is perceived to be the greatest challenge, to give students laboratory experience that is as genuine as possible despite the lack of direct contact with the actual lab hardware. The goal is to produce an open international standard in cooperation with universities and other organizations around the world.
28.	Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al. (författare) Experimentera hemma med utrustningen i universitetens övningslaboratorier 2006 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, BTH, har öppnat ett övningslaboratorium för ellära och elektronik för fjärrstyrning och håller på att öppna ett fjärrstyrbart signalbehandlingslaboratorium för vibrationsanalys. Ett unikt användargränssnitt gör det möjligt att från valfri plats styra och manövrera experimentutrustningen på samma sätt som i laboratorielokalerna. Allt som behövs är Internetansluten PC med standardprogramvara. Denna forskning är inriktad mot vad som upplevs som den största utmaningen dvs. att ge studenterna en så genuin upplevelse som möjligt oaktat bristen på direkt kontakt med den fysikiska experimentutrustningen. BTH bjuder in andra lärosäten både nationellt och internationellt att delta i pedagogisk utvärdering av detta komplement till att experimentera i laboratoriesal och att delta i vidareutvecklingen mot en internationell standard.
29.	Gustavsson, Ingvar, et al. (författare) Remote Operation and Control of Traditional Laboratory Equipment 2006 Ingår i: International Journal of Online Engineering. - 1868-1646 .- 1861-2121. ; 2:1, s. 1-8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Physical experiments are indispensable for developing skills to deal with physical processes and instrumentation. The Internet provides new possibilities for universities and other teaching organizations to share laboratories and increase the number of lab sessions without incurring any increase in cost. Blekinge Institute of Technology in Sweden has opened a traditional electronics laboratory for remote operation and control 24/7; it is the first of its kind. The laboratory is equipped with a unique virtual interface enabling students to recognize on their own computer screen the desktop instruments and the breadboard they have already used in the local laboratory. The research is focused on what is perceived to be the greatest challenge, i.e. to give the student laboratory experience that is as genuine as possible despite the lack of direct contact with the actual lab hardware at the same time as it allows the teacher to use existing equipment and teaching material. The goal is to produce an open international standard.
30.	Hane Hagström, Malin, 1971, et al. (författare) Reducing professional maintenance losses in production by efficient knowledge management in machine acquisitions 2022 Ingår i: International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management. - 1743-5129 .- 1743-5110. ; 14:1, s. 70-101 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Research in product development has shown the importance of reusing knowledge to eliminate future design weaknesses. Previous research has shown that maintenance- and equipment breakdown-related losses are the second and third largest losses in a specific studied automotive flow and that the losses are originating from the design phase. This paper presents a case study performed on four industrial acquisition projects where the case company already had one machine and was buying more machines of the same type. The study focuses on how knowledge about the existing machine is re-used in the new acquisition process. Potential barriers that hinder reusing the engineering knowledge are identified. The main conclusions are that there is a need for increased focus on the importance of knowledge transfer, more emphasis on maturing knowledge, increase the diversity in the engineering teams, ensure the design model is applying lean concepts, and to improve the documentation interface with suppliers.
31.	Hansson, Mattias, et al. (författare) Artifactual insulin release from differentiated embryonic stem cells. 2004 Ingår i: Diabetes. - 0012-1797. ; 53:10, s. 2603-9 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Several recent reports claim the generation of insulin-producing cells from embryonic stem cells via the differentiation of progenitors that express nestin. Here, we investigate further the properties of these insulin-containing cells. We find that although differentiated cells contain immunoreactive insulin, they do not contain proinsulin-derived C-peptide. Furthermore, we find variable insulin release from these cells upon glucose addition, but C-peptide release is never detected. In addition, many of the insulin-immunoreactive cells are undergoing apoptosis or necrosis. We further show that cells cultured in the presence of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, which previously was reported to facilitate the differentiation of insulin(+) cells, are not C-peptide immunoreactive but take up fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled insulin from the culture medium. Together, these data suggest that nestin(+) progenitor cells give rise to a population of cells that contain insulin, not as a result of biosynthesis but from the uptake of exogenous insulin. We conclude that C-peptide biosynthesis and secretion should be demonstrated to claim insulin production from embryonic stem cell progeny.
32.	Hartley, Philippa, et al. (författare) SKA Science Data Challenge 2: analysis and results 2023 Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 523:2, s. 1967-1993 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) will explore the radio sky to new depths in order to conduct transformational science. SKAO data products made available to astronomers will be correspondingly large and complex, requiring the application of advanced analysis techniques to extract key science findings. To this end, SKAO is conducting a series of Science Data Challenges, each designed to familiarize the scientific community with SKAO data and to drive the development of new analysis techniques. We present the results from Science Data Challenge 2 (SDC2), which invited participants to find and characterize 233 245 neutral hydrogen (H i) sources in a simulated data product representing a 2000 h SKA-Mid spectral line observation from redshifts 0.25-0.5. Through the generous support of eight international supercomputing facilities, participants were able to undertake the Challenge using dedicated computational resources. Alongside the main challenge, 'reproducibility awards' were made in recognition of those pipelines which demonstrated Open Science best practice. The Challenge saw over 100 participants develop a range of new and existing techniques, with results that highlight the strengths of multidisciplinary and collaborative effort. The winning strategy - which combined predictions from two independent machine learning techniques to yield a 20 per cent improvement in overall performance - underscores one of the main Challenge outcomes: that of method complementarity. It is likely that the combination of methods in a so-called ensemble approach will be key to exploiting very large astronomical data sets.
33.	Henrik, Grelz, et al. (författare) Tapering of prescribed opioids in patients with long-term non-malignant pain (TOPIO)-efficacy and effects on pain, pain cognitions, and quality of life : a study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial with a 12-month follow-up 2021 Ingår i: Trials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6215. ; 22 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Opioids are still widely prescribed to long-term pain patients although they are no longer recommended for long-term treatments due to poor evidence for long-term efficacy, risks of serious side effects, and the possibility of inducing opioid hyperalgesia. In a Cochrane study from 2017, the authors identified an urgent need for more randomized controlled trials investigating the efficiency and effects of opioid tapering. The study aimed to assess (1) the efficiency of a structured intervention in causing stable reductions of opioid consumption in a population with long-term non-malignant pain and (2) effects on pain, pain cognitions, physical and mental health, quality of life, and functioning in response to opioid tapering.METHODS: The study is a randomized controlled trial. The sample size was set to a total of 140 individuals after estimation of power and dropout. Participants will be recruited from a population with long-term non-malignant pain who will be randomly allocated to (1) the start of tapering immediately or (2) the control group who return to usual care and will commence tapering of opioids 4 months later. A 12-month follow-up is included. When all follow-ups are closed, data from the Swedish drug register of the National Board of Health and Welfare will be collected and individual mean daily opioid dose in morphine equivalents will be calculated at three time points: baseline, 4 months, and 12 months after the start of the intervention. At the same time points, participants fill out the following questionnaires: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ-8), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and RAND-36. At baseline and follow-up, a clinical assessment of opioid use disorder is performed.DISCUSSION: A better understanding of the efficiency and effects of opioid tapering could possibly facilitate attempts to taper opioid treatments, which might prove beneficial for both the individual and society.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03485430 . Retrospectively registered on 26 March 2018, first release date. "Tapering of Long-term Opioid Therapy in Chronic Pain Population. RCT with 12 Months Follow up (TOPIO)." First patient in trial 22 March 2018.
34.	Henriksson, Henrik, et al. (författare) Kann man sitta och sitta oder muss man einfach nur sitzen? Progressivität und Zustände. 2012 Ingår i: Discourse & Grammar. A Festschrift in Honor of Valéria Molnár.. - 9789163704116 ; , s. 293-304 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
35.	Hutchinson, Daniel, et al. (författare) Highly Customizable Bone Fracture Fixation through the Marriage of Composites and Screws 2021 Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 31:41 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) metal plates provide exceptional support for unstable bone fractures; however, they often result in debilitating soft-tissue adhesions and their rigid shape cannot be easily customized by surgeons. In this work, a surgically feasible ORIF methodology, called AdhFix, is developed by combining screws with polymer/hydroxyapatite composites, which are applied and shaped in situ before being rapidly cured on demand via high-energy visible-light-induced thiol–ene coupling chemistry. The method is developed on porcine metacarpals with transverse and multifragmented fractures, resulting in strong and stable fixations with a bending rigidity of 0.28 (0.03) N m2 and a maximum load before break of 220 (15) N. Evaluations on human cadaver hands with proximal phalanx fractures show that AdhFix withstands the forces from finger flexing exercises, while short- and long-term in vivo rat femur fracture models show that AdhFix successfully supports bone healing without degradation, adverse effects, or soft-tissue adhesions. This procedure represents a radical new approach to fracture fixation, which grants surgeons unparalleled customizability and does not result in soft-tissue adhesions. © 2021 The Authors.
36.	Håkansson, Anders, et al. (författare) Communicating the realization process during technology implementation 2015 Ingår i: International Journal of Intelligent Decision Technologies. - 1872-4981 .- 1875-8843. ; 9:1, s. 55-65 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract New technology implies improved efficiency. This potential is not always realized. It has been observed that implementation of new technology within Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, (SMEs), is not as widely spread as it could be. There are several likely grounds for this, e.g. difficulties to keep up to date on the latest technology, financial grounds due to expensive technology and uncertainty regarding what gain one would get from the new technology. Looking at technology implementation, a major part of the failed implementation attempts are caused by non-technological reasons, such as organizational and human reasons. Visualizing the expected result and also the implementation process to the SME prior to the actual implementation, the communication is much more direct and the actions the SME has to perform before, during and after the implementation is made clear. When implementing new technology, the information process is crucial. This paper discusses the value of communicating the entire process and the results thereof when evaluating a technology for eventual implementation. The results is viewed in two ways, first the realization of the products whether they meet the needs of the companies or not, second the actual realization process is developed and analysed to suit each company.
37.	Håkansson, Anders, et al. (författare) Discussing the role of the physical model in intra-cognitive communication 2012 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference of Cognitive Infocommunications. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781467351874 - 9781467351867 ; , s. 505-509 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract In industry today, many different tools and methods using 3D technology are used to create virtual prototypes or products. These tools are excellent for their purpose and offer great possibilities. However, even using these tools, some things are hard to transfer and examine within them. This paper gives you two examples of cases where organic objects are used as an original and then transferred into the digital world. Physical prototypes were used in both cases and the paper explains what they added in addition to the digital 3D-models.
38.	Håkansson, Andreas, 1983-, et al. (författare) Experimental investigations of turbulent fragmenting stresses in a rotor stator mixer. Part 1. : estimation of turbulent stresses and comparison to breakup visualizations 2017 Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. - 0009-2509 .- 1873-4405. ; 171, s. 625-637 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Despite large industrial relevance, the relation between rotor-stator geometry, hydrodynamics and drop breakup is poorly understood, partly since no methods for measuring the fragmenting stresses acting on drops have been established. This study attempts to bridge this gap by developing, applying and evaluating two approaches for estimating local turbulent stresses based on particle image velocimetry data: namely one traditional but indirect approach based on the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy, and another more direct approach based on the spatial turbulent spectrum that has proven useful in other high-intensity emulsification processing. The approaches are evaluated in terms of validity of underlying assumptions, how they compare to breakup visualizations in the same geometry and with regard to the reliability of primary measurables. Results show three consistent regions of high stress in the rotor-stator region: in a plume extending into the stator-hole from the trailing edge, in the shear layers of the jet exiting the hole and in the macroscopic flow structure formed after the rotor blocks a stator hole. Following, a drop travelling along an average velocity flow field, the measurement predict disrupting stresses exceeding the stabilizing stress at the stator hole exit, at approximately the same position where drop breakup is observed in breakup visualizations. Both methods are therefore able to predict the most likely breakup positions. It is also concluded that both methods have limitations, and that average stress alone cannot describe all aspects of the fragmentation process in rotor-stator mixers. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
39.	Håkansson, Andreas, 1983-, et al. (författare) Experimental investigations of turbulent fragmenting stresses in a rotor-stator mixer. Part 2 : probability distributions of instantaneous stresses 2017 Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. - 0009-2509 .- 1873-4405. ; 171, s. 638-649 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Drop fragmentation in high intensity turbulent emulsification processing equipment-such as rotor-stator mixers (RSMs)-has traditionally been described in terms of a stress balance; between the stabilizing stress of the drop and the time-averaged turbulent stress at the most intense position of the flow. As shown in part 1 of this series, this approach is often a fruitful first approximation. However, the instantaneous local stress experienced by drops differs,from the time-averaged local stress due to hydrodynamics in general and the stochastic nature of a turbulent flow in particular. This study estimates the probability distribution of instantaneous turbulent stresses in an RSM from velocity fields obtained using particle image velocimetry. Results show that regions with low average stress still have a substantial probability of having instantaneously high stresses. This explains why low probability breakup is observed at these positions in visualization experiments. Results also show that the probability distribution of instantaneous stresses is approximately lognormal. The results are compared to two commonly used models for how to take the stochastic variations into account: the exponential decay model, and the multifractal emulsification model. It is concluded that both models predict reasonable distributions shapes but underestimate the width of the stress distribution.
40.	Håkansson, Andreas, et al. (författare) Experimental investigations of turbulent fragmenting stresses in a rotor-stator mixer. Part 2. Probability distributions of instantaneous stresses 2017 Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2509. ; 171, s. 638-649 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Drop fragmentation in high intensity turbulent emulsification processing equipment-such as rotor-stator mixers (RSMs)-has traditionally been described in terms of a stress balance; between the stabilizing stress of the drop and the time-averaged turbulent stress at the most intense position of the flow. As shown in part 1 of this series, this approach is often a fruitful first approximation. However, the instantaneous local stress experienced by drops differs from the time-averaged local stress due to hydrodynamics in general and the stochastic nature of a turbulent flow in particular.This study estimates the probability distribution of instantaneous turbulent stresses in an RSM from velocity fields obtained using particle image velocimetry. Results show that regions with low average stress still have a substantial probability of having instantaneously high stresses. This explains why low probability breakup is observed at these positions in visualization experiments.Results also show that the probability distribution of instantaneous stresses is approximately lognormal. The results are compared to two commonly used models for how to take the stochastic variations into account: the exponential decay model, and the multifractal emulsification model. It is concluded that both models predict reasonable distributions shapes but underestimate the width of the stress distribution.
41.	Håkansson, Claes, et al. (författare) Inter-modality assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy in a non-demented population: application of a visual rating scale template across radiologists with varying clinical experience 2022 Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 32, s. 1127-1134 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives To assess inter-modality agreement and accuracy for medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) ratings across radiologists with varying clinical experience in a non-demented population. Methods Four raters (two junior radiologists and two senior neuroradiologists) rated MTA on CT and MRI scans using Scheltens' MTA scale. Ratings were compared to a consensus rating by two experienced neuroradiologists for estimation of true positive and negative rates (TPR and TNR) and over- and underestimation of MTA. Inter-modality agreement expressed as Cohen's kappa (dichotomized data), Cohen's kappa(w), and two-way mixed, single measures, consistency ICC (ordinal data) were determined. Adequate agreement was defined as kappa/kappa(w) >= 0.80 and ICC >= 0.80 (significance level at 95% CI >= 0.65). Results Forty-nine subjects (median age 72 years, 27% abnormal MTA) with cognitive impairment were included. Only junior radiologists achieved adequate agreement expressed as Cohen's kappa. All raters achieved adequate agreement expressed as Cohen's kappa(w) and ICC. True positive rates varied from 69 to 100% and TNR varied from 85 to 100%. No under- or overestimation of MTA was observed. Ratings did not differ between radiologists. Conclusion We conclude that radiologists with varying experience achieve adequate inter-modality agreement and similar accuracy when Scheltens' MTA scale is used to rate MTA on a non-demented population. However, TPR varied between radiologists which could be attributed to rating style differences.
42.	Håkansson, David, 1978-, et al. (författare) Hur står det till med hierarkin? 2010 Ingår i: Svensson och svenskan. - Lund : [Språk- och litteraturcentrum]. - 9789163356841 ; , s. 124-138 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
43.	Håkansson, David, et al. (författare) Utbrytningar i skånska 2021 Ingår i: Traditionelle ømåls- og østdanske dialekter,17-18 juni 2021, København. Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
44.	Håkansson, David, 1978-, et al. (författare) Utbrytningsliknande konstruktioner i skånska 2022 Ingår i: Danske Talesprog. - København : Institut for nordiske studier og sprogvidenskab. - 1600-6038. ; 21, s. 153-173 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
45.	Håkansson, Henrik, 1995, et al. (författare) Effects on district heating networks by introducing demand side economic model predictive control 2024 Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - 0378-7788. ; 309 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Using economic model predictive control in space heating systems, the heat demand can flexibly be adapted to varying scenarios of conflicting objectives such as thermal comfort, energy consumption, and peak demand. With a controller that minimizes the heating costs subject to thermal comfort constraints within occupancy hours, the resulting heat demand will depend on the cost mechanism. In the context of Swedish district heating networks, optimal demand side control is a multi-objective problem due to variable costs based on both energy consumption and peak demand. By simulating heat demand control using a gray-box model estimated from a Swedish space heating system, we investigate how the established price structures influence the heat load of a population of buildings with economic model predictive control. Our results suggest that by adjusting the incentives from the type of price structures commonly used today, the peak demand can often be reduced by 10-20% with a minor increase in consumption of 1-2%. We also show that by charging the peak demand for multiple buildings collectively, it is financially beneficial to cooperatively control buildings which can reduce the combined consumption and peak demand even further.
46.	Håkansson, Henrik, et al. (författare) Utilization of convolutional neural networks for HI source finding: Team FORSKA-Sweden approach to SKA Data Challenge 2 2023 Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 671 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Context. The future deployment of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will lead to a massive influx of astronomical data and the automatic detection and characterization of sources will therefore prove crucial in utilizing its full potential. Aims. We examine how existing astronomical knowledge and tools can be utilized in a machine learning-based pipeline to find 3D spectral line sources. Methods. We present a source-finding pipeline designed to detect 21-cm emission from galaxies that provides the second-best submission of SKA Science Data Challenge 2. The first pipeline step was galaxy segmentation, which consisted of a convolutional neural network (CNN) that took an HI cube as input and output a binary mask to separate galaxy and background voxels. The CNN was trained to output a target mask algorithmically constructed from the underlying source catalog of the simulation. For each source in the catalog, its listed properties were used to mask the voxels in its neighborhood that capture plausible signal distributions of the galaxy. To make the training more efficient, regions containing galaxies were oversampled compared to the background regions. In the subsequent source characterization step, the final source catalog was generated by the merging and dilation modules of the existing source-finding software SOFIA, and some complementary calculations, with the CNN-generated mask as input. To cope with the large size of HI cubes while also allowing for deployment on various computational resources, the pipeline was implemented with flexible and configurable memory usage. Results. We show that once the segmentation CNN has been trained, the performance can be fine-Tuned by adjusting the parameters involved in producing the catalog from the mask. Using different sets of parameter values offers a trade-off between completeness and reliability.
47.	Håkansson, Irene, et al. (författare) Neurofilament levels, disease activity and brain volume during follow-up in multiple sclerosis 2018 Ingår i: Journal of Neuroinflammation. - : BMC. - 1742-2094. ; 15 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: There is a need for clinically useful biomarkers of disease activity in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing remitting MS (RRMS). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between neurofilament light chain (NFL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum and the relationship between NFL and other biomarkers, subsequent disease activity, and brain volume loss in CIS and RRMS. Methods: A panel of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory markers were analyzed in repeated CSF samples from 41 patients with CIS or RRMS in a prospective longitudinal cohort study and from 22 healthy controls. NFL in serum was analyzed using a single-molecule array (Simoa) method. "No evidence of disease activity-3" (NEDA-3) status and brain volume (brain parenchymal fraction calculated using SyMRI (R)) were recorded during 4 years of follow-up. Results: NFL levels in CSF and serum correlated significantly (all samples, n = 63, r 0.74, p amp;lt; 0.001), but CSF-NFL showed an overall stronger association profile with NEDA-3 status, new T2 lesions, and brain volume loss. CSF-NFL was associated with both new T2 lesions and brain volume loss during follow-up, whereas CSF-CHI3L1 was associated mainly with brain volume loss and CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL22, and MMP-9 were associated mainly with new T2 lesions. Conclusions: Serum and CSF levels of NFL correlate, but CSF-NFL predicts and reflects disease activity better than S-NFL. CSF-NFL levels are associated with both new T2 lesions and brain volume loss. Our findings further add to the accumulating evidence that CSF-NFL is a clinically useful biomarker in CIS and RRMS and should be considered in the expanding NEDA concept. CSF-CXCL10 and CSF-CSF-CHI3L1 are potential markers of disease activity and brain volume loss, respectively.
48.	Håkansson, Irene, et al. (författare) Neurofilament light chain in cerebrospinal fluid and prediction of disease activity in clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis 2017 Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 24:5, s. 703-712 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background and purpose: Improved biomarkers are needed to facilitate clinical decision-making and as surrogate endpoints in clinical trials in multiple sclerosis (MS). We assessed whether neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at initial sampling could predict disease activity during 2 years of follow-up in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing-remitting MS. Methods: Using multiplex bead array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL20, CCL22, neurofilament light chain (NFL), neurofilament heavy chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein, chitinase-3-like-1, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and osteopontin were analysed in CSF from 41 patients with CIS or relapsing-remitting MS and 22 healthy controls. Disease activity (relapses, magnetic resonance imaging activity or disability worsening) in patients was recorded during 2 years of follow-up in this prospective longitudinal cohort study. Results: In a logistic regression analysis model, NFL in CSF at baseline emerged as the best predictive marker, correctly classifying 93% of patients who showed evidence of disease activity during 2 years of follow-up and 67% of patients who did not, with an overall proportion of 85% (33 of 39 patients) correctly classified. Combining NFL with either neurofilament heavy chain or osteopontin resulted in 87% overall correctly classified patients, whereas combining NFL with a chemokine did not improve results. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential prognostic value of NFL in baseline CSF in CIS and relapsing-remitting MS and supports its use as a predictive biomarker of disease activity.
49.	Håkansson, Jan, et al. (författare) Building School Improvement Capacity and Learning Capital : A Swedish Case Study 2015 Ingår i: Education and Transition. Contributions from Educational Research. ECER 2015, European Conference on Educational Research, Budapest, September 7-11. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract In school systems around the world there is an increasing focus on students' academic achievement and school result. Sweden is no exception in that respect. Parallel to an intensified control of pupils' level of achievement (cf. PISA), there are increasing demands for school decision makers to gradually improve students' academic performance. The question of how schools are changing and improving thus becomes an important issue for all levels, from policy makers to professionals in schools, but also for researchers. Several decades of research on how school’s improvement efforts ultimately affect student learning highlights the importance of paying attention to the balance between "... individual initiative and school/system change, between internal and external resources and ideas, between pressure for accountability and support for change, and between independence and collaboration "(Hopkins et al., 2014). In this context, the coordination of top-down and bottom-up strategies in schools' improvement work seems to be crucial (Fullan, 1994). At the same time, research shows that the building of schools' development capacity is primarily focused on professional learning and development for principals and teachers, which in turn is expected to improve teaching and student learning (cf. Day, 2012; Stoll 2009). From previous studies of local school improvement work, the results show changes in aspects of principals’ and teachers’ learning, which can be connected to certain improvement strategies (Adolfsson & Håkansson, 2014). This paper will investigate these indications further.The focus of this paper is to explore schools' capacity building for improvement in terms of professional learning as strategies over time change character from top-down to bottom-up, a perspective seemingly little illuminated in past research. Within the framework of an ongoing three-year research project in six Swedish compulsory schools, the intention here is to elucidate the way in which top-down and bottom up strategies affect schools' improvement in general and the schools' capacity for development of different forms of learning capital in particular. The following research questions are addressed in the paper:•In what ways are principals' leadership and learning but also teachers' understanding of their teaching and the improvement work in terms of learning capital, related to changes in school improvement strategies?•What changes in schools overall learning capital and capacity building can be found in relation to changed strategies to initiate and manage local school improvement work?The theoretical foundation of this study is based on curriculum theory (cf. Lundgren, 1989). From school improvement research there are also certain concepts to acknowledge. One crucial concept is the “nested school system”. It consists of a number of nested sub-systems, e.g. the classroom, teachers working teams, school leadership teams, the local authority et cetera (Resnick, 2010). Although these systems are related internally, school improvement work in each system rests on specific rationalities and incentives (i.e. loosely coupled). Another important concept is “capital”, which refers to different learning qualities in the capacity building of school improvement. Shulman and Shulman (2004) distinguish four forms of capital defining different qualities of schools' capacity building in terms of learning: i) moral or cultural capital, ii) curriculum capital, iii) instructional capital, iv) change capital. The moral or cultural capital means ability to engage in school and teacher team collaborative work and learning about teaching, while curriculum capital involves significant dimensions of teachers' assignments, such as knowledge of school subjects, curriculum, syllabuses, teaching strategies, et cetera. Instructional capital is about the ability to translate theoretical knowledge into practical teaching, while change capital contains the step from participation and training in different school improvement activities to the incorporation of (more or less) changed and more effective ways of teaching (ibid.).Methodology, Methods, Research Instruments or Sources UsedThe paper draws on a “classical” theoretical and methodological framework of curriculum theory (i.e. the frame-factor theory), with its different levels of analysis – the societal/ideological level, the curriculum level; and the teaching and classroom level (cf. Lundgren 1989). In order to study and analyse ongoing school development processes and changes in schools’ capital building, different kinds of sources have been used. Throughout the ongoing evaluation project data from the schools’ improvement work have been collected (e.g. local documents, interviews and survey studies with students, teachers, principals, and officials from the local authority), to support analyses of learning capital on different levels.The main type of source used in this study is focus group interviews with principals (n=8) and teachers (n=80). Another is recordings and field notes from planning meetings that continually were held during the project with principals. In the beginning of the project two group interviews with all participating principals where carried out. After two years a second round of interviews followed up these interviews, with the same principals. A semi-structured interview-guide was used and the interviewer was a research assistant who had not met the group before. In addition approximately 20 group interviews with teachers were carried out. The main focus in these principal and teacher interviews was experiences and views on the schools’ improvement work in general and change in schools’ capacity building, principals’ and teachers’ learning in particular.Keeping with the theoretical points of departure, the analysis follows a two-step procedure. In the first step the newly collected empirical data was compared to data from previous interviews and planning meetings. With the capital concept (Shulman & Shulman, 2004), the focus in this step of the analysis was to elucidate patterns of change over time in the school’s capacity building. In connection to the frame-factor theory and in accordance with Fullan (2001), meaning that educational processes must be studied in relation to both their external and their internal conditions, these results were in a second step analysed in relation to a continous shift from top down strategies to bottom up strategies for initiation and implementation of local school improvement work.Conclusions, Expected Outcomes or FindingsThe results of the empirical analysis will be presented in terms of changes in schools learning capital and capacity building in relation to changed strategies to initiate and manage local school improvement works. In light of the thesis that different strategies will support different qualities (capital) of the schools’ capacity building in their local improvement work, the results indicate that changes from an emphasis on top-down strategies to an emphasis on bottom-up strategies seems to create conditions for other forms of capital within the scope of the local school improvement work. For example, bottom up (horizontal) strategies seem to in greater extent support the schools’ moral and venture capital building, compared to top down (vertical) strategies. These changes will be discussed in terms of how shifts in school strategies appear in: i) principals' leadership and learning, and ii) teachers' understanding of their teaching and the improvement work.In light of the concept of the “nested school system” it will finally be argued that different aspects of learning capital are necessary for successful and solid school improvement work. Moreover the results indicates that the organization of local school improvement work has to actively engage all the sub-systems of the school system (i.e. re-couple the nested systems). In other words, successful school improvement strategies, where different aspects of the capital building are included, seem to comprise a balance between top down and bottom up strategies (c.f. Hopkins et al, 2014),ReferencesAdolfsson, Carl-Henrik & Håkansson, Jan (2014). Learning schools in Sweden – principals understanding of ongoing school improvement in an era of accountability. Contribution to the ECER-konference in Porto, September 2014.Day, C. (Ed) (2012). The Routledge international handbook of teacher and school development. London: Routledge.Fullan, M. (1994). Coordinating Top-Down and Bottom-Up strategies for Educational Reform. In Anson, R.J. Systemic reform. Perspectives on Personalizing Education. Washington: US Department of Education.Hopkins, D., Stringfield, S., Harris, A., Stoll, L, & Mackay, T. (2014). School and system improvement: a narrative state-of-the-art review. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, vol. 25, No 2, 257-281.Lundgren, U.P., (1989). Att organisera omvärlden: en introduktion till läroplansteori. (Organizing the Surrounding World: Introduction to Curriculum Theory; in Swedish). Stockholm: Utbildningsförlaget på uppdrag av Gymnasieutredningen.Resnick, Lauren B. (2010). Nested System for the Thinking Curriculum. Educational Researcher, vol. 39 No. 3 183-197.Shulman, L. S. & Shulman, J. H. (2004). How and what teachers learn: a shifting perspective. Journal of curriculum studies, vol. 36, No. 2, 257-271.Stoll, L. (2009). Capacity building for school improvement or creating capacity for learning? A changing landscape. Journal of Educational Change. 10, 115-127.
50.	Håkansson, Jan, et al. (författare) Learning schools in Sweden – principals understanding of on-going school improvement in an era of accountability 2014 Ingår i: Teachers Matter - But how?. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Learning schools in Sweden – principals understanding of on-going school improvement in an era of accountabilityOver the last two decades there has been a general transnational policy trend towards major emphasis on learning outcomes. In Sweden – like in many other countries – there is an on-going discussion about pupils’ academic achievement, not to mention due to Swedish pupils’ low results in different international knowledge comparisons (cf. Ball et al., 2012; Grek, 2009). The Education Act of 2010 is part of a top-to-bottom curriculum reform in Sweden, which has put further pressure on municipalities and schools to implement new syllabuses, clearer goals and knowledge demands and a new grading system. At the same time there are still high expectations and demands on performance improvements and school-based development work. So what does it mean working with local school-development under such an external pressure?The starting point for this paper is an on-going three-year research project in six Swedish compulsory schools with the general purpose of exploring and developing theoretical, methodological and practical knowledge for school improvement. The purpose is to explore how local school actors (principals in this case) understand and handle the parallel process of, on the one hand, external pressure to improve students achievement and, on the other hand, the local school-based curriculum development. In the light of such a tension, what are the principals understanding of: - The selection of content areas for curriculum development? - Principals own leadership and learning? - The schools’ capital building, for school improvement?The first theoretical starting point in this paper is a “classical” framework of curriculum theory (i.e. the frame-factor theory with its different levels of analysis – the societal/ideological level, the curriculum level and the teaching and classroom level, cf. Lundgren 1989). A second theoretical starting point used in this paper is theories about school actors’ and organizations’ learning (Schulman & Schulman, 2004; Resnick, 2010). The concept capital refers to individuals and organizations resources, in terms of skills and abilities, which can be used to act and make desirable changes. Schulman & Schulman (2004) distinguish between four different aspects of the capital concept: Moral, Curricula, Venture and Technical capital. These distinctions make it possible, in the analysis process, to study and better understand what forms of capital building emerge in schools and which capital building that seems to be the most important, and why? MethodIn order to explore and analyse the on-going school improvement process and changes after one year through principals’ understanding, different qualitative methods have been used. The most important sources are the qualitative group interviews with principals (n=13) at the end of the first year, but also sound recordings and field notes from eight planning meetings with the principals during the first year (from January to December 2013). Furthermore we have also analyzed planning documents from the schools showing local goals, school-based activities and evaluation plans.Expected Outcomes The following aspects of the result will be discussed:- Principals’ autonomy in relation to the local authority: a paradox?- Principals’ learning – an unexpected result from the local school improvement work.- The schools’ strategies focused, in the first hand, on the curriculum and technical capital building. How can this be understood in the light of an increased trend of accountability?- Schools’ selection of content – accountability dependent but also challenged by local curriculum development.(some important) ReferencesBall, Stephen, Maguire, Meg & Braun Annette (2012). How Schools du Policy. Policy enactments in secondary schools. London and New York: Routledge.Fullan, Michael (2001). The new meaning of educational change. 3. ed. New York: Teachers College Press.Grek, Sotiria (2009). Governings by numbers: the PISA effect in Europe. Journal of education policy, 24(1), pp. 23-37.Hargreaves, Andy & Fullan, Michael (2012). Professional capital: transforming teaching in every school. New York: Routledge.Lundgren, Ulf P. (1989). Att organisera omvärlden: en introduktion till läroplansteori. 2. [dvs 4.] uppl. [Organizing the Surrounding World: Introduction to Curriculum Theory; in Swedish] Stockholm: Utbildningsförl.Resnick, Lauren (2010). Nested Learning for the Thinking Curriculum. Educational Researcher. Vol 39 no. 3, pp. 183- 197. Schulman, Lee S & Schulman Judith (2004). How and what teachers lean: a shiftning perspective. Journal of curriculum studies, vol 36, no 2, 257-271.Stoll, Louise (2009). Capacity building for school improvement or creating capacity for learning? A changing landscape. Journal of Educational Change. 10:115–127.

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