| 1. |
- Haaland, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
Fjärilar och humlor i grönstrukturer i Malmö : en utvärdering inom Vinnova projektet BiodiverCity (fas 3)
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna studie undersöktas 26 olika grönstrukturer för dagfjärilar och humlor i tre stadsdelar i Malmö (Västra hamnen, Augustenborg och Hyllie). Av dessa 26 grönstrukturer var 9 anlagda inom BidodiverCity projektet (gröna väggar, gröna tak, innergårdar, skogsbiotop i park). Grönstrukturerna undersöktas med syfte att analysera och utvärdera artsammansättningen av dagfjärilar och humlor. De grönstrukturer som inte anlades inom BiodiverCity projektet undersöktas i jämförande syfte. Dessa var rabatter, vägkanter, gräsmarker, en sådd äng och gröna tak i närheten av BiodiverCity objekt. De flesta grönstrukturerna inventerades fem gånger mellan juni och augusti 2016, några gröna tak inventerades bara en eller två gånger på grund av problem med tillgängligheten. Två olika inventeringsmetoder användes, en standardiserad transektmetod och 10-minuters observationer i rutor (4m2). Det observerades totalt 156 fjärilar (154 i transekter, 2 i rutor) fördelade på 9 olika arter och 705 humlor (538 i transekt och 167 i rutor). Vitvingar (Pieris spp.) utgjorde 40% av alla observerade fjärilar, sexfläckig bastardsvärmare 25%, puktörneblåvinge 13% och slåttergräsfjäril 10%. Humlorna dominerades totalt av jordhumlor och stenhumlor som utgjorde 98% av alla observerade individer. Den faktor som påverkade antalet fjärilsarter i grönstrukturer positivt var genomsnittligt antal blommande växter (juli-augusti). Individ- och artantal av humlor påverkades positivt av täckningsgraden av blommande växter och genomsnittligt antal blommande växter (juli-augusti). De växter som fjärilar besökta mest i denna studie var tistlar, humlelusern, sötväppling, kärringtand och Buddleja. Humlor be-sökta oftast lavendel, kärringtand, blåeld, rödklint och olika klöverarter. I grönstrukturer som anlades inom BiodiverCity projektet hittades få fjärilar och humlor sannolikt på grund av en kombination av växtsammansättningen och en hög urbaniseringsgrad med generellt låg artdiversitet av fjärilar och humlor i område. Ett undantag är gröna tak som kan attrahera ett nämnvärt antal humlor av olika arter. Slutsatsen av studien är att det är möjligt att skapa biotoper som erbjuder en näringsresurs under sommaren som är attraktiva för de mest vanliga humlorna men delvis också mindre vanliga arter under förutsättning att man beakta rätt växtval och plantera i tillräcklig omfattning. Detta gäller också för mycket urbaniserade områden och inkluderar gröna tak. För dagfjärilar däremot verkar det vara svårare att skapa attraktiva biotoper i små områden som dessa grönstrukturer ofta är. Det som behövdes är sannolikt fler artrika ruderatmarker och extensivt skötta gräsmarker som inkluderar lämpliga biotoper också för larver.
|
|
| 2. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.
|
|
| 3. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
-
Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.
|
|
| 4. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 719:1-3, s. 29-41
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angular correlations between charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV for transverse momentum ranges within 0.5 < P-T,P-assoc < P-T,P-trig < 4 GeV/c. The correlations are measured over two units of pseudorapidity and full azimuthal angle in different intervals of event multiplicity, and expressed as associated yield per trigger particle. Two long-range ridge-like structures, one on the near side and one on the away side, are observed when the per-trigger yield obtained in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from the one in high-multiplicity events. The excess on the near-side is qualitatively similar to that recently reported by the CMS Collaboration, while the excess on the away-side is reported for the first time. The two-ridge structure projected onto azimuthal angle is quantified with the second and third Fourier coefficients as well as by near-side and away-side yields and widths. The yields on the near side and on the away side are equal within the uncertainties for all studied event multiplicity and p(T) bins, and the widths show no significant evolution with event multiplicity or p(T). These findings suggest that the near-side ridge is accompanied by an essentially identical away-side ridge. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ewerlöf, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
-
DN Debatt. ”Låt gräsklipparen stå – för naturens skull”
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- In an era of species extinction and climate change, we should abandon the well-trimmed lawn and let gardens grow wilder, writes Anna Persson and other researchers and landscape architects on DN Debatt.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gyllin, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Multifunctional greenway networks in the rural-urban fringe – a potential way of accessing highly productive agricultural areas
- 2009
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The effects of urban sprawl is growing in some expansive regions dominated by highly productive arable land. New residential areas are established on former farmland, creating new environments that are difficult to access for the new population, as well as for other visitors, equestrians and the already struggling wildlife flora and fauna. The southernmost region of Sweden is a typical example with urban areas expanding into vast, open agricultural fields, leaving little space for recreation or biodiversity. A special problem is the growing number of horse owners, who find it increasingly difficult to access the landscape in a safe and suitable manner. In a multi-disciplinary research project, the potentials of the 'greenway' concept as a stabilizing sustainability factor in the urban-rural fringe are investigated regarding aspects of regional planning, farming economy, local biodiversity, local recreation and cultural heritage. A few narrow greenways already exist in the region of southernmost Sweden, but their potential has not been fully exploited, as they are almost entirely aimed at providing footpaths and riding paths, and in some cases are not directly connected to residential areas. Funding is another problem, since there are no regular subsidies that cover this particular area. The main focus of the project is to create design models that integrate the functions mentioned above in networks of narrow strips that would still allow for efficient crop production as well as urban expansion
|
|
| 7. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
Abundances and movement of the Scarce Copper butterfly (Lycaena virgaureae) on future building sites at a settlement fringe in southern Sweden
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 19, s. 255-264
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Scarce Copper (Lycaena virgaureae) is a species that has suffered serious decline in several European countries. In Scandinavia it is still comparatively abundant, but with ongoing losses of flower-rich grasslands near forests further decline is expected. A mark-release-recapture study was carried out in July 2013 at 14 sites on the outskirts of a village located near Malmö, Sweden. The study area comprised in total an 11.4 ha network of abandoned agricultural sites, road verges and forest edges. A private garden was also included. Butterflies were marked individually and the capture position was recorded by GPS. Sex, behaviour and flower visits were also recorded. During the study 852 butterflies were marked and 170 of these were recaptured at least once (recapture rate 20%), resulting into 1078 captures (including multiple recaptures). Movement between patches accounted for 41% of all recaptures and mean distance between recaptures was 112±146 m (n=226). The number of captures was strongly positively correlated with patch size (ρ=0.95, p<0.05), while the emigrant and immigrant fractions were significantly negatively correlated with patch size. Overall, the Scarce Copper was surprisingly abundant in the area, but planned construction of residential areas will result in the loss of most habitat patches.
|
|
| 8. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
Bumblebees and butterflies in green structure elements in Malmo, Sweden
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Urban Ecosystems. - 1083-8155 .- 1573-1642. ; 26, s. 1559–1572-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the BiodiverCity project in Malmo (Sweden), green structure elements were implemented aiming to support biodiversity and enhancing amenity in denser parts of the city. In this study, bumblebee and butterfly abundances and species richness were studied in 20 green structure elements in three areas in Malmo. The investigated green structure elements consisted of objects established within the BiodiverCity project and other green structure elements in their surroundings (e.g. road verges, lawns and flowerbeds). Observed bumblebee and butterfly abundances and species richness was generally low. In total, 528 bumblebees of eight species were recorded, with 97% of all bumblebees belonging to two species, Bombus lapidarius and B. terrestris/lucorum. A total of 154 butterflies from 10 species were detected, most commonly Pieris species. There were no significant differences in mean individual or species numbers (bumblebees and butterflies) between green structure elements designed to support biodiversity and conventional ones. Bumblebee species richness and abundance were positively correlated with mean cover of flowering vegetation and mean number of flowering plant species. Butterfly species richness and abundance were positively correlated with mean number of flowering plant species and size of the green structure. Observations of flower visits showed that the two groups of insects had different preferences. The results of this study show that enhancing bumblebee and butterfly diversity and abundances in densely built city areas can be challenging. To support bumblebees and butterflies more successfully, the habitat requirements of these insect groups need to be better considered from the beginning in the design of green structure elements.
|
|
| 9. |
- Haaland, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
Butterflies and bumblebees in greenways and sown wildflower strips in southern Sweden
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 14, s. 125-132
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Greenways have recently been established in some intensively farmed areas of South Sweden in order to enhance recreation opportunities and biodiversity, but the effects of these green structures on biodiversity have not yet been determined. In this study, greenways and experimental sown wildflower strips were investigated for butterfly and bumblebee diversity. In total, 1,769 butterflies of 18 species and 1,216 foraging bumblebees of eight species were recorded. Sown wildflower strips proved to support much higher abundances and species numbers of butterflies and bumblebees than greenways, with 86% of all butterflies and 83% of all bumblebees being observed in the sown flower strips. However, in both types of green structure mostly common species were found. Counts of flower visits showed that Knautia, Centaurea and Cirsium were the most commonly visited plant species. The greenways studied did not seem to fulfil their function of enhancing biodiversity-at least not for butterflies and bumblebees. However, these greenways could easily be improved for common bumblebee and butterfly species by sowing wildflower strips along their margins.
|
|
| 10. |
- Haaland, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
Challenges and strategies for urban green-space planning in cities undergoing densification: A review
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. - : Elsevier BV. - 1618-8667 .- 1610-8167. ; 14, s. 760-771
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The compact city approach has gained global impact as a planning approach for sustainable development in areas with increasing urban population. Through densification and compact building, the approach aims to counteract negative effects of urban sprawl in terms of ineffective land-use and related environmental problems. In spite of its benefits various problems and challenges are associated with implementing the compact city approach. This review looks at the effects of urban densification and compact city development on urban green space and its planning. It identifies problems, challenges and strategies of urban green space planning during densification processes. Findings confirm that urban densification processes, including consolidation and infill development, can pose a threat to urban green space. However, the literature on the compact city approach often lacks specific suggestions for urban green space conservation and planning. Provision of urban green space in compact city environments and during densification processes is described as a major challenge. Loss of private urban green space rarely seems offset by provision of more public green space. Several ways are identified to deal with these challenges, while also highlighting research gaps, e.g., as to how loss of green space quantity can be offset by increased green space quality.
|
|
| 11. |
- Haaland, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
Designing Farmland for Multifunctionality
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Landscape Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0142-6397 .- 1469-9710. ; 36, s. 41-62
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multifunctionality has become a major objective of European agricultural policy. However, recent research concerning the multifunctionality of agriculture has focused on economic, production or abiotic factors and has paid less attention to biotic, landscape and social aspects. In addition, relationships in the form of trade-offs between different landscape values such as biodiversity, cultural heritage, recreation and aesthetics have been little studied. This case study of a farm in southern Sweden explores the synergies and conflicts that can arise between these landscape values when planning at the farm scale. The results demonstrated that it was not easy to integrate the considered landscape values in practice, though we are often asked for them in policy documents. From the case study, we developed some general relationshipssynergies and conflictsbetween biodiversity, cultural heritage, recreation and aesthetics that can occur when improving multifunctionality on farmland. We combined methods originating from the natural sciences and the design traditions of landscape architecture to analyse and develop assessments of landscape values with the aim of improving multifunctionality by integrating these values. Finally, we discuss how the design approach of landscape architects can contribute to developing multifunctional farm plans and how the design process results in farm-specific solutions.
|
|
| 12. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
Djur och natur
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Exotiska utflykter runt Öresund. - 9789178434084 ; , s. 50-54
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 13. |
- Haaland, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
ECOLOGICAL DESIGN - best practice examples : a study trip to Paris 15-19 August 2022
- 2024
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report presents the parks and green walls we visited on our study visit in Paris (15th-19th of August 2022). We aimed to study green spaces, which represent a good or exceptional practice of ecological design. Ecological design, in an urban landscape context, can be described as the integration of aesthetic and ecological aspects in urban green space design. Supporting ecological processes, biodiversity and providing high aesthetical and recreational values are objectives of ecological design. The visited green spaces varied in their degree and focus on how aesthetical and ecological aspects were integrated. All objects were exceptional regarding one or several aspects such as the choice of plant material, structural and vegetation complexity or the degree in which ecological processes and biodiversity were given space. For us it was very interesting to see and discuss these varying approaches and how we perceived to which degree aesthetical and ecological goals were reached.
|
|
| 14. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
Fågeltur på Österlen
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Exotiska utflykter runt Öresund. - 9789178434084 ; , s. 67-75
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Haaland, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
Gröna tak för biologisk mångfald
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Movium Fakta. - 2001-2357.
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Gröna tak kan utgöra livsmiljö för många växter och djur om man anlägger taken med detta syfte. I detta Movium Fakta presenteras erfarenheter och resultat från BiodiverCity samt andra relaterade projekt med målsättningen att bidra till ökad kunskap om den potential ett grönt tak kan ha för att främja den biologiska mångfalden.
|
|
| 17. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
How to preserve a butterfly species within an urbanising settlement and its surroundings: a study of the scarce copper (Lycaena virgaureae L.) in southern Sweden
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 21, s. 917-927
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanisation is a rapidly ongoing process worldwide with profound consequences for wildlife in urban and peri-urban areas. Species are affected by habitat loss, habitat alternation and degradation, fragmentation and increased human population and activity. Habitat loss can occur due to construction of housing and infrastructure in peri-urban areas and within urban areas due to compaction. Undeveloped areas can also be changed from ruderal land, wilderness areas or leftover green space to more formal and more intensively used urban green space. This study investigated a butterfly species, the scarce copper (Lycaena virgaureae L.), in an urbanising and expanding settlement in a rural location in southern Sweden. The scarce copper is still relatively common in Sweden, but has experienced severe decline in certain areas and in other parts of Europe. Patch occupancy and abundance of the species were investigated in 44 patches ranging from urban and peri-urban to rural locations. Habitats investigated were parks, urban grasslands managed for biodiversity by the local authority, unmanaged abandoned arable sites, road verges, meadows and pastures. In total, 624 sightings of scarce coppers were recorded. The highest abundances were observed in larger unmanaged patches and in meadows in peri-urban areas, while pastures had low abundances. In urban parks, no coppers were found. The smaller sites managed for biodiversity by the local authority within the settlement were often occupied by the scarce copper, although abundances were low (mean number of individuals 3 +/- 1.2). In patches which were cut, copper numbers dropped in almost all cases to zero after cutting. Patch occupancy was affected by habitat characteristics such vegetation height, tree succession, abundance of Rumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel), as well as landscape features such as length of forest edge. Factors identified as influencing abundance were the same, but additionally also flower abundance. The current high abundances of the scarce copper in the area will not be ensured in the longer term when all building plans are implemented and no other measures are taken. Recommendations are made on management and planning to preserve the species in the study area.
|
|
| 18. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
Hur arbetar man med ekosystemtjänstkonceptet i Storbritannien, Tyskland och Norge?: Rapport inom projektet Mistra Urban Future, Urbana Ekosystemtjänster (Skåne nod)
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this report was to study how some countries work in practice with the ecosystem service concept. The approach chosen was rather broad focusing on green infrastructure planning, development or management including urban, rural and coastal areas at all scales. The countries chosen were Great Britain, Germany and Norway, since this allowed to read documents in the national languages. For each country also the national ecosystem service assessments based in the EU biodiversity strategy to 2020 have been investigated. It can be concluded that the three countries have come differently far in their work to implement the ecosystem service concept in planning practice. Great Britain can be seen as most advanced with comprehensive assessments at national level and regional and local examples which take their point of departure in the ecosystem service concept. The green structure plans of Birmingham and Manchester as well as the work in the South Downs can be pointed out as inspiring examples. In Germany comprehensive assessments at national levels have been carried out in later years. The practical examples found have often a research connection or had not their starting point in the ecosystem services concept, but have been interpreted within its context afterwards. This might be seen as an indication that the implementation of the ecosystem service concept in Germany at regional and local level outside research environments is still limited. Norway has comparable work ongoing regarding the implementation of the ecosystem service concept despite not being member of the EU and thus not been obliged to follow the EU biodiversity strategy. National assessments of ecosystem services have been carried out, partly in cooperation with the other Nordic countries. The number of research environments working with the ecosystem service concept is of course smaller than in the other countries considered here. However, in Norway as in Sweden, there is an ambition to implement the ecosystem service concept within municipal planning. Interestingly, in Norway the ecosystem service concept has also been integrated in the environmental impact assessment legislation. Studying these three countries’ approach to work with the ecosystem service concept in practice in relation to green infrastructure has given interesting first insights. To get a more comprehensive and detailed overview further studies would be needed, preferably including site visits and personal contact with research institutes leading in the field as well as meeting local and regional authorities.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Haaland, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
Promoting regional countryside tourism in the Sound region (Denmark/Sweden)
- 2013
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Öreferie is an Interreg project on sustainable tourism in the Sound region, which comprises parts of Zealand (Denmark) and the most Southern part of Sweden, Scania. While parts of the region are densely populated including both Copenhagen and Malmö, other parts are very rural. Here large areas of unspoiled landscapes exist including seaside, woodland and agricultural areas, which are often very little exploited for tourism. The objective of the project is to promote and initiate tourism regarding experiencing nature and cultural heritage in the region. Partners in the project are private tourist entrepreneurs, municipalities, the regional council and universities .The focus has been on guided tours on different topics as wildlife, "wild food", geology and gardens with the aim to increase visitors' understanding in these fields. Thus the project aims to contribute to sustainable tourism by emphasizing the attractiveness of the region by promoting tourism which does not involve long distance travelling, emphasizing the use of public transport and at the same time increasing the public's knowledge and awareness about nature, wildlife and cultural heritage. In particular it is attempted to better learn to know and understand the "other side", which means the other side of the Sound, the strait which separates Denmark form Sweden. So far two approaches have been chosen. Firstly new guided tours carried out by private entrepreneurs have been initiated and secondly already existing products have been highlighted. Network meetings have been arranged to strengthen entrepreneurs and the cooperation of different tourist operators has been encouraged (e.g. combination of guided tours with consumption of local food production and overnight stays). Difficulties, challenges and opportunities of the process of promoting regional countryside tourism are analyzed and discussed.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
Sown wildflower strips for insect conservation: a review
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Insect Conservation and Diversity. - : Wiley. - 1752-458X .- 1752-4598. ; 4, s. 60-80
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Sown wildflower strips are increasingly being established in European countries within agri-environmental schemes to enhance biodiversity, especially in intensively used agricultural areas. 2. The regulations vary between countries regarding the seed mixture, intensity of management and period of time over which subsidies are given. Insects in particular are intended to benefit from these schemes. 3. This review treats studies of insect diversity and abundance in sown wildflower strips. Schemes on wildflower strips in several countries in Central and Northern Europe are compared. 4. In a significant majority of studies, sown wildflower strips support higher insect abundances and diversity than cropped habitats. In general, numbers and diversity also tend to be higher than in other margin types such as sown grass margins and natural regeneration, but pollen- and nectar-rich flower mixtures may outperform them. 5. Common species are the main beneficiaries of the establishment of wildflower strips, although some studies point out the presence of rare or declining insect species. 6. Insect groups respond differently to particular characteristics of the strips. Flower abundance, seed mixture, vegetation structure, management, age and landscape have been identified as factors influencing insect abundance and diversity. 7. Future work should address under-represented comparisons, such as with pollen- and nectar-rich seed mixes, and neglected groups, in particular parasitoids. Nevertheless, sown wildflower strips can already be seen as a beneficial measure to enhance insect diversity. This is especially the case, where schemes for sown strips vary within a region to favour different species groups
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
Tysta skrik i natten
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Exotiska utflykter runt Öresund. - 9789178434084 ; , s. 57-65
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
- Haaland, Christine
(författare)
-
What can sown wildflower strips contribute to butterfly conservation?: an example from a Swiss lowland agricultural landscape
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 15, s. 301-309
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to compare butterfly abundances and diversity between wildflower strips and extensively used meadows to identify which butterfly species can be supported by establishing wildflower strips. Butterflies were recorded along transects during one season in twenty-five sown wildflower strips and eleven extensively used meadows in a Swiss lowland agricultural landscape (600 ha). In total 1,669 butterflies of 25 species were observed (25 in the strips, 18 in meadows). This can be related to 38 species recorded in the region (lowland part of Kanton Fribourg) within the Swiss Biodiversity Monitoring Programme. In wildflower strips the number of butterflies per transect meter was significantly higher than in the meadows, but there was no significant difference in species richness. Butterfly communities, though, were quite different between the two habitat types. Habitat type, abundances of flowering plants and presence of forest within 50 m were identified as factors influencing butterfly species richness. Butterfly abundances were affected by habitat type and abundance of flowering plants. In wildflower strips, 65% of all flower visits by butterflies were observed on Origanum. It can be concluded that sown wildflower strips can support a substantial part of a regions species pool. This is mostly true for common species, but can apply to rare species when, for example, larval food plant requirements are met.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Thorpert, Petra, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the Integration Between Colour Theory and Biodiversity Values in the Design of Livning Walls
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-701X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Designing green infrastructure in cities requires vegetation that has multiple outcomes and functions, particularly using plants that have both attractive visual or aesthetic features and high biodiversity values. Plantings that have high visual appeal are more highly valued by people and increase their feeling of wellbeing. Increasing biodiversity in cities is one of the major challenges facing urban planning and design. However, balancing biodiversity and aesthetic outcomes in urban planting design is complex, and to date there are few methods that can be used to guide plant selection. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the use of a colour theory framework for planting arrangements to see if we could design vegetation that is highly aesthetic and has high biodiversity. We did this by configuring planting combinations for living walls in Malmö, Sweden, using principles based on Johannes Itten’s colour theories. The plant combinations on each wall were graphically arranged using (1) colour analysis of each plant and (2) design of the plant species into two colour schemes: light-dark colour concept and a complementary colour concept. For each species used in the compositions we created a biodiversity classification, based on its pollination value, “nativeness” and conservation value as a cultivar; and a plant visual quality classification, based on the performance from living walls studies. The graphical colour composition and interlinked biodiversity value were then compared to designs created with randomly selected plant species. The results showed that it is possible to design a living wall based on colour theory without compromising with biodiversity outcomes, namely species richness, pollination and the nativeness of the species. The results also indicate the potential application of this design approach to deliver greater aesthetic appreciation and enjoyment from plantings. While more work is needed, this study has shown that a theoretical colour framework can be a useful tool in designing green infrastructure to improve delivery of both cultural and regulatory ecosystem services.
|
|
