| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Lampe, E. O., et al.
(författare)
-
A study of virulence factors in the fish pathogen F. noatunensis ssp noatunensis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Fish and Shellfish Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 1050-4648 .- 1095-9947. ; 34:6, s. 1716-1716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bacterium Francisella noatunensis ssp. noatunensis (in text: F. noatunensis) is the ethiological agent of the disease francisellosis in Atlantic cod. Francisellosis has been one of the major limiting factors in the development of Norwegian aquaculture industry based on Atlantic cod. Lacking an effective treatment or vaccine there is urgent need for studies related to the pathogenesis of the disease.The closely related human pathogen F. tularensis is more extensively studied and due to relatively high sequence similarity with F. noatunensis, indirect evidence on important virulence factors can be obtained by reverse genetics. The Francisella Pathogenicity Island (FPI) has been identified in all sequenced genomes of Francisella sp. and contains genes associated with the ability of the bacterium to survive and replicate within macrophages.To elucidate the pathogenesis of F. noatunensis, infection assays have been performed on primary cells extracted from the head kidney of Atlantic cod. Disruptive mutations of the potential virulence factors IglC, IglD (important for intracellular growth in F. tularensis subsp.) and ClpB (a heat shock protein identified in F. tularensis), have been constructed in F. noatunensis and the infection pattern is in the process of characterization. Model systems that are utilized in the characterization are the amoebae and professional phagocyte Dictyostelium discoideum, zebrafish and macrophages extracted from head kidney of Atlantic cod.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Bergholdt, R, et al.
(författare)
-
Transcriptional profiling of type 1 diabetes genes on chromosome 21 in a rat beta-cell line and human pancreatic islets
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Genes and Immunity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5470 .- 1466-4879. ; 8:3, s. 232-238
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We recently finemapped a type 1 diabetes (T1D)-linked region on chromosome 21, indicating that one or more T1D-linked genes exist in this region with 33 annotated genes. In the current study, we have taken a novel approach using transcriptional profiling in predicting and prioritizing the most likely candidate genes influencing beta-cell function in this region. Two array-based approaches were used, a rat insulinoma cell line (INS-1 alpha beta) overexpressing pancreatic duodenum homeobox 1 (pdx-1) and treated with interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) as well as human pancreatic islets stimulated with a mixture of cytokines. Several candidate genes with likely functional significance in T1D were identified. Genes showing differential expression in the two approaches were highly similar, supporting the role of these specific gene products in cytokine-induced beta-cell damage. These were genes involved in cytokine signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, defense responses and apoptosis. The analyses, furthermore, revealed several transcription factor binding sites shared by the differentially expressed genes and by genes demonstrating highly similar expression profiles with these genes. Comparable findings in the rat beta-cell line and human islets support the validity of the methods used and support this as a valuable approach for gene mapping and identification of genes with potential functional significance in T1D, within a region of linkage.
|
|
| 5. |
- Gavazov, Konstantin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vascular plant-mediated controls on atmospheric carbon assimilation and peat carbon decomposition under climate change
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 24:9, s. 3911-3921
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change can alter peatland plant community composition by promoting the growth of vascular plants. How such vegetation change affects peatland carbon dynamics remains, however, unclear. In order to assess the effect of vegetation change on carbon uptake and release, we performed a vascular plant-removal experiment in two Sphagnum-dominated peatlands that represent contrasting stages of natural vegetation succession along a climatic gradient. Periodic measurements of net ecosystem CO2 exchange revealed that vascular plants play a crucial role in assuring the potential for net carbon uptake, particularly with a warmer climate. The presence of vascular plants, however, also increased ecosystem respiration, and by using the seasonal variation of respired CO2 radiocarbon (bomb-C-14) signature we demonstrate an enhanced heterotrophic decomposition of peat carbon due to rhizosphere priming. The observed rhizosphere priming of peat carbon decomposition was matched by more advanced humification of dissolved organic matter, which remained apparent beyond the plant growing season. Our results underline the relevance of rhizosphere priming in peatlands, especially when assessing the future carbon sink function of peatlands undergoing a shift in vegetation community composition in association with climate change.
|
|
| 6. |
- Steiner, S., et al.
(författare)
-
De novo expression of gastrokines in pancreatic precursor lesions impede the development of pancreatic cancer
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 41, s. 1507-1517
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular events occurring in stepwise progression from pre-malignant lesions (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia; PanIN) to the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are poorly understood. Thus, characterization of early PanIN lesions may reveal markers that can help in diagnosing PDAC at an early stage and allow understanding the pathology of the disease. We performed the molecular and histological assessment of patient-derived PanINs, tumor tissues and pancreas from mouse models with PDAC (KC mice that harbor K-RAS mutation in pancreatic tissue), where we noted marked upregulation of gastrokine (GKN) proteins. To further understand the role of gastrokine proteins in PDAC development, GKN-deficient KC mice were developed by intercrossing gastrokine-deficient mice with KC mice. Panc-02 (pancreatic cancer cells of mouse origin) were genetically modified to express GKN1 for further in vitro and in vivo analysis. Our results show that gastrokine proteins were absent in healthy pancreas and invasive cancer, while its expression was prominent in low-grade PanINs. We could detect these proteins in pancreatic juice and serum of KC mice. Furthermore, accelerated PanIN and tumor development were noted in gastrokine deficient KC mice. Loss of gastrokine 1 protein delayed apoptosis during carcinogenesis leading to the development of desmoplastic stroma while loss of gastrokine 2 increased the proliferation rate in precursor lesions. In summary, we identified gastrokine proteins in early pancreatic precursor lesions, where gastrokine proteins delay pancreatic carcinogenesis.
|
|
