| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Alvåsen, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Farm characteristics related to on-farm cow mortality in dairy herds: a questionnaire study
- 2014
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In: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 8, s. 1735-1742
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dairy cow mortality is an important animal welfare issue that also causes financial losses. The objective of this study was to identify farm characteristics and herd management practices associated with high on-farm cow mortality in Swedish dairy herds. A postal questionnaire was sent to farmers that had either high or low mortality rates for 3 consecutive years. The questionnaire consisted of five sections: 'About the farm', 'Milking and housing', 'Feeding', 'Routines' and 'Lame and sick cows'. A total of 145 questionnaires were returned (response rate = 33%). Ten of the 77 characteristics investigated met the inclusion criteria for multivariable analysis. The final logistic regression model included: herd size, breed, use of natural service bull, bedding improvement frequency and pasture system. Herds with Swedish Holstein as the predominant breed (odds ratio (OR) 22.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.2 to 101.8) or with mixed breeds (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.7 to 17.5) had a greater risk of being high mortality herds than herds that were predominantly Swedish Red (OR 1). Herds larger than 100 cows (OR 19.6, 95% CI 3.5 to 110.4) and herds with 50 to 99 cows (OR 13.8, 95% CI 3.2 to 60.6) had greater risk of mortality than herds numbering 35 to 50 cows (OR 1). Being a high mortality herd was also associated with having cows on exercise lots during the summer season (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 9.9) compared with on pasture. A missing answer on the question of bedding improvement frequency was associated with high mortality herds. Overall, this study suggests that characteristics that are related to intensification of the dairy industry are also associated with high on-farm mortality of dairy cows.
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| 3. |
- Alvåsen, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Herd-level risk factors associated with cow mortality in Swedish dairy herds
- 2012
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In: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 95, s. 4352-4362
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An increase in on-farm mortality (euthanasia and death) in dairy herds has been reported in several countries in the last decade. This does not only imply possible problems with animal welfare, but it also causes economic losses to the farmer. The objective of this study was to evaluate time trends in on-farm dairy cow mortality in Sweden and identify potential herd-level risk factors. Data were retrieved on all Swedish dairy herds enrolled in the milk recording scheme between 2002 and 2010. Herds with a herd size of <20 cows or a mortality rate (MR) of >40 dead or euthanized cows per 100 cow-years were excluded. Two different models were used: 1 multiple-year analysis, which included 6,898 herds during the period 2002 to 2010 and 1 single-year analysis including 4,252 herds for the year 2010, where other variables that were not present during the entire multiple year study were analyzed. The outcome variable was the number of euthanized and dead cows per year and season. A negative binomial regression model, adjusted for clustering within herd, was applied to both models. Fixed effects in the multiple-year analysis were breed, calving interval, herd size, milk yield, region, season, pasture period, and year. The fixed effects in the single-year analysis were breed, calving interval, conventional versus organic farming, herd size, housing system, milk yield, region, and season. The results demonstrated that MR gradually increased from 5.1 to 6.6 events per 100 cow-years during the study period. Swedish MR are consequently on par with, or even greater than, MR among dairy herds in other comparable countries. Higher mortality was associated with larger herd size, longer calving intervals, and herds that had Swedish Holstein as the predominant breed. Lower mortality was observed in herds with a higher herd average milk yield, during the fall and winter, and in organically managed herds. There were regional differences in mortality. An interaction between herd size and season was found in both models. Also, an interaction between housing system and milk yield was found in the single-year analysis. This first assessment of on-farm mortality in Swedish dairy herds confirmed that the MR has increased over the last few years. The study also identified some herd-level risk factors.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Alvåsen, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Risk factors associated with on-farm mortality in Swedish dairy cows
- 2014
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In: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 117, s. 110-120
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dairy cow mortality (unassisted death and euthanasia) has increased, worldwide and in Sweden. On-farm mortality indicates suboptimal herd health or welfare and causes financial loss for the dairy producer. The objective of this study was to identify cow-level risk factors associated with on-farm cow mortality. Cows with at least one calving between 1 July 2008 and 30 June 2009 from herds enrolled in the Swedish official milk recording scheme with >40 cow-years were included. Each cow was followed from the day of calving until she calved again or left the herd (died, slaughtered or sold). The effects of potential risk factors on on-farm cow mortality were analysed using a Weibull proportional hazard model with a gamma distributed frailty effect common to cows within herd. The event of interest (failure) was euthanasia or unassisted death. An observation was right censored if the cow was slaughtered, sold, calved again or had an on-going lactation at 500 days after calving. The lactations were split into seasons (January to April, May to August and September to December) and at 30 and 100 days in milk in order to evaluate seasonal effects and the effect of disease in different lactation stages. Primiparous and multiparous cows were analysed separately. The highest hazards for both primiparous and multiparous cows were found for traumatic events and diseases, both in the lactation stage in which the cow died and in the preceding stage. The hazard was higher in early lactation and lower in 2nd parity compared to higher parities. Increased age at first calving (for primiparous cows), calving between January and April, dystocia and stillbirth also increased the mortality hazard. Differences were also found between breeds, between milk production parameters at first test milking and between management types. The results from this study show the importance of good management and preventive health actions, especially around calving, to avoid mortality in dairy cows. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hallén, Karin, et al.
(author)
-
Ergonomisk utvärdering av rollatorprototyp ”Walker”
- 2006
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport sammanfattar en jämförande studie av Trionics rollatorprototyp ”Walker” och två konventionella utomhusrollatorer. Studien har omfattat litteraturgenomgång, tekniska tester främst avseende forcering av hinder, samt användartester med tio rollatoranvändare som efter ett par veckors provanvändning av ”Walker” jämfört denna med sin ordinarie rollator. Vid användartesterna har främst intervjuer, subjektiva skattningar och EMG analys använts. Den ergonomiska analysen visar att Walker är överlägsen de konventionella rollatorerna vid passage av typiska hinder, såsom trottoarkanter och trädrötter. Kraftåtgången för att forcera en trottoarkant uppmättes till att vara 6-12 gånger större för de testade konventionella rollatorerna jämfört med Walker. I användarutvärderingen fick Walker högre betyg i alla testade utomhusmiljöer jämfört med användarnas ordinarie rollatorer. Den enda miljön där Walker bedömdes ha en sämre funktion än de medverkandes ordinarie rollator var i affärer. Dessutom uppskattas flera andra funktioner av användarna, såsom designen, bromsen och värdefickan. Däremot har Walker vissa brister gentemot konventionella rollatorer vad avser övrig hanterbarhet som hopfällning och smidighet vid passage genom dörrar etc. Speciellt de äldre användarna upplevde att Walker behöver vidareutvecklas i dessa avseenden. I rapporten ges förslag på förbättringar av Walker, såväl från författarna som från de medverkande i studien. Efter avslutad testperiod fick de medverkande användarna svara på frågan om de ville behålla Walker i stället för sin ordinarie rollator. Av de nio som svarade ville sju hellre behålla Walker rollatorn. Samtliga fem medverkande som använde rollator pga. av funktionsnedsättning orsakad av handikapp eller sjukdom ville behålla Walker medan hälften av dem som använde rollator pga. åldersskäl ville behålla den. Huvudslutsatsen av studien är att Walker är ergonomiskt fördelaktig jämfört med konventionella utomhusrollatorer i flera avseenden, speciellt vid användning i terräng och vid hinderpassage. Den upplevs mycket positivt av de yngre medverkande i utvärderingen. Förbättringspotential har konstaterats för vissa funktioner, speciellt vad avser hantering i trånga miljöer och möjligheten att fälla ihop rollatorn.
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| 11. |
- Hallén, Karin
(author)
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Franskt i Svensk tappning. Studier över franska lånord i svenska dialekter
- 2001
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation consists of nine essays (numbered I-IX) which treat French loan-words in Swedish dialects from different aspects. I. To estimate the proportion of French loan-words in Swedish dialects, words beginning with b were counted in the collections of the Swedish dialect dictionary and found to be 2 % of the total b-material. The words are listed and distributions, forms and meanings are discussed. For example, initial b is found to alternate with p in many of the words. II, III and IV focus on certain French loan-words. In II the word estimera is shown to be widely spread in Swedish dialects and have a considerable variation of forms. Change of meaning from 'value' through 'care about' to 'condescend to' is noted. In III the word bagage is studied, especially its distribution and function in the Swedish dialects. Two main meanings emerge: 'luggage' and 'rabble, mob'. IV is a study of two loan-words, one Latin and one French. They form the expression "Räggler å paschaser" used by the poet Gustaf Fröding. The dialectal meanings of räggla and paschas(a) indicate that the slight ambiguity caused by partly different, partly synonymous meanings has been deliberately used by Fröding. V and VI focus on dialectal meanings of French loan-words. In V one dialectal meaning of the word parera 'revere, care about' is studied, for example, in comparison to estimera 'value, care about'. The two words seem to have competed, whereafter parera fell into disuse. VI is a study of four adjectives, briljant, gentil, charmant and elegant in the same semantic field (all express a positive evaluation), which seem to have competed for some time. Only one of them, gentil, has spread widely. VII focuses on the usage of French loan-words in the dialects. These words have been divided into four categories: words for health conditions (malack, kurant, etc.), for states of mind (altererad), for human qualities (suverän) and for communication (ackordera). VIII is an argument against a thesis that pärra 'strive, dispute' in the Swedish dialects in Finland derives from the dialectal form perment(er)a, i.e. parlament(er)a from French parlementer. The dialects show that this cannot be the case. In IX the French loan-words in Swedish are studied in relation to a so called borrowing scale of five levels. The seemingly intensive French-Swedish contacts during the 17th and 18th centuries barely correspond to the first three levels and can hardly be characterized as more than moderately intensive.
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| 12. |
- Hallén, Karin
(author)
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Resa med bagage (Travel with bagage)
- 2000
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In: Dialekter och folkminnen. Hyllningsskrift till Maj Reinhammar den 17 maj 2000. - : Uppsala. ; , s. 117–128-
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 13. |
- Hallén, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Studie av pressmaskiner för VS-arbete
- 2006
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I denna rapport redovisas resultaten av en studie om pressmaskiner på uppdrag av parterna VVS Installatörerna och Byggnads. Tidigare har det uppmärksammats att maskinen är tung och att arbete med den ofta sker i ogynnsamma arbetsställningar över axelhöjd. Målet med projektet har varit att göra en översiktlig kartläggning av vilka maskiner som används för att pressa ihop VS-rör samt att göra en bedömning av arbetsmiljöaspekterna av detta monteringsarbete. Det har genomförts med montörer från tre företag i Stockholmsområdet. En litteraturstudie har genomförts och sammanställts. Arbetsplatsanalyser har gjorts med tio medverkande montörer. Vid dessa har subjektiva metoder såsom intervjuer och skattningar med VIDAR och Borgs CR-10 skala använts och objektiva metoder såsom EMG-metoder, biomekaniska datorsimuleringar och beräkningar. Resultaten visar att det finns olika maskin- och kopplingstyper, men inte någon gemensam standard för maskiner, backar eller kopplingar. I rapporten ges en sammanställning av de maskintyper som de återförsäljare och rörföretag som medverkat anser vara vanligast. Den ergonomiska analysen visar att många av de arbetsmoment med pressmaskin i tak som analyserats är olämpliga ur ergonomisk synpunkt. Arbetsställningarna vid fogning av rör i tak leder till ogynnsamma belastningar. Man arbetar ofta med armarna över axelhöjd, med vridna och böjda arbetsställningar och leder nära eller i ytterläge vilket bidrar till detta. De hanterade maskinerna och backarna (käftarna) som påträffats i studien väger tillsammans mellan 2,5 och 9 kg. I hur stor omfattning pressfogar används har varit svårt att klargöra i studien. Kontaktpersonerna på rörföretagen och återförsäljarna samt montörerna som medverkat i studien bedömde att 40 % eller mer av alla rörfogar pressas. Detta motsägs dock av det faktum att det var svårt att hitta objekt i Stockholmsområdet där man använde pressfogning under den sexveckorsperiod som fältstudien genomfördes. Arbetet som utförs över axelhöjd med att iordningsställa rör inför fogning samt fogning uppskattas av montörerna utgöra ungefär en tredjedel av arbetstiden. Av denna tid utgör själva fogningen en liten del. Används pressning är den muskuloskeletala belastningen högre än vid svetsning/lödning, men fogningstiden är kortare vid pressning än vid svetsning/lödning. En slutsats av studien är att arbete med att pressfoga rör i tak är ergonomiskt sett olämpligt. De ogynnsamma arbetsställningarna i sig är en huvudorsak till detta. Å andra sidan medför de befintliga alternativa arbetsmetoderna också höga belastningar, främst genom att arbetsställningarna är likartade. Därför kan även de befintliga alternativa metoderna vara ogynnsamma, även om dessa inte varit i fokus i denna studie. I rapporten ges även förslag på fortsatt arbete, t.ex. utveckling av nya koncept för fogning av rör. Ett annat är en kartläggning av hur mycket man exponeras för ogynnsamma arbetsställningar och andra riskfaktorer vid olika fogningsmetoder, samt mer information om återhämtningstider efter sådant arbete. Det skulle ge ett bättre underlag för prioriteringar i arbetsmiljöarbetet, eftersom man i den ergonomiska bedömningen också bör väga in typ av arbete (statiskt/dynamiskt) och tidsaspekter (bl.a. exponeringstid).
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Jonsson, Eva Lindell, et al.
(author)
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Effect of radiotherapy on expression of hyaluronan and EGFR and presence of mast cells in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
- 2012
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In: ONCOL LETT. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1792-1074 .- 1792-1082. ; 4:6, s. 1177-1182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a common form of cancer, and despite improvements in treatment during the last decades, survival rates have not significantly increased. There is therefore a need to better understand how these tumours and the adjacent tissues react to radiotherapy, the most common type of treatment for this group of tumours. In order to improve this understanding, the expression of hyaluronan (HA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the presence of mast cells were mapped before and after radiotherapy using immunohistochemistry. The results showed HA and EGFR to have similar expression patterns in tumour tissue and histologically normal squamous epithelium prior to radiotherapy. Following radiotherapy, EGFR increased in histologically normal epithelium. An increased number of mast cells were also observed as a result of radiotherapy. No expression of EGFR was observed in the connective tissue either prior to or following radiotherapy.
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| 17. |
- Jonsson, Eva Lindell, et al.
(author)
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Immunohistochemical analysis of EGFR and hyaluronan in tongue cancer and the development of regional recurrence in patients initially diagnosed N0
- 2017
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In: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 137:8, s. 877-882
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To investigate whether the extent of expression of hyaluronan (HA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue can predict the risk of cervical metastasis and survival. Study design: Retrospective histopathologic study. Methods: Surgical specimens from 64 patients who had undergone surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue were assessed using immunohistochemistry to investigate the expression of HA and EGFR in the primary tumours, and the data were then correlated to cervical metastasis and survival. Results: There was a significant correlation between the intensity of HA staining and patient survival (p .024), and a weak correlation between the staining proportion of EGFR and the risk for regional recurrence (AUC 66). Conclusions: This study indicates that immunoscoring using HA could be used to provide prognostic tools for tongue cancer, and that it might be of interest to study the prognostic properties of EGFR further concerning the risk for regional recurrence after the primary treatment.
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| 18. |
- Mellgren, Jonas, 1997, et al.
(author)
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Improved Facial and Skull-base Symmetry Following Osteotomy and Distraction of Unilateral Coronal Synostosis.
- 2024
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In: Plastic and reconstructive surgery. - 1529-4242. ; 153:2, s. 447-456
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS) results in a surgically demanding deformation, as the deformity is asymmetric in the calvarium but also presents with facial scoliosis and orbital dystopia. Traditional cranioplasties correct the forehead but have little effect on the face and orbits. Here, we describe a consecutive series of patients operated for UCS with osteotomy of the fused suture combined with distraction osteogenesis (FOD).Fourteen patients [mean age: 8.0 months (range: 4.3-16.6 months)] were included in this study. We measured and compared the orbital dystopia angle (ODA), anterior cranial fossa deviation (ACFD), and anterior cranial fossa cant (ACFC) between results from preoperative computed tomography and those at distractor removal.Blood loss was 6.1 mL/kg (range: 2.0-15.2 mL/kg), and length of stay was 4.4 days (range: 3.0-6.0 days). We observed significant improvements in the ODA from [median (95% confidence interval)] -9.8° (-12.6° to -7.0°) to -1.1° (-3.7° to -1.5°) (p<0.001), ACFD from 12.9° (9.2-16.6°) to 4.7° (1.5-7.9°) (p<0.001), and ACFC from 2.5° (1.5-3.5°) to 1.7° (0.0-3.4) (p=0.003).The results showed that osteotomy combined with a distractor for UCS straightened the face and relieved orbital dystopia by affecting the nose angle relative to the orbits, correcting the deviation of the cranial base in the anterior fossa, and lowering the orbit on the affected side. Furthermore, this technique demonstrated a favorable morbidity profile with low perioperative bleeding and a short inpatient period, suggesting its potential to improve the surgical treatment of UCS.
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| 19. |
- Nyström, Gunnar, 1939-, et al.
(author)
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Ordbok över Sveriges dialekter. Band 1 : Häfte 3, ³Arsa-¹Back
- 2000
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ordbok över Sveriges dialekter (OSD) har getts ut i ett band om tre häften:Häfte 1: A - AndtäpptHäfte 2: Andvarpning - ArsaHäfte 3: Arsa - BackAtt publicera fler häften av ordboken är i nuläget inte aktuellt.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Sjöblom-Hallén, A, et al.
(author)
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Gene expression profiling identifies STAT3 as a novel pathway for immunomodulation by cholera toxin adjuvant.
- 2010
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In: Mucosal immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1935-3456 .- 1933-0219. ; 3:4, s. 374-386
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Earlier studies have reported on both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities of cholera toxin (CT). As CT is a powerful adjuvant, we were interested in identifying genes with a possible involvement in these functions. A global gene expression analysis in mouse B cells showed that CT regulated <100 annotated genes, which encoded transcription factors, G proteins, cell-cycle regulators, and immunoregulating molecules. Interestingly, CT regulated the expression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 gene and influenced the level and activation of both isoforms STAT3alpha and STAT3beta, in vitro in a B-cell line and in Peyer's patch (PP) B cells and in vivo in freshly isolated splenic B cells from CT-treated mice. This effect was cAMP dependent and was not seen with CTB. B cells pre-exposed to CT were significantly more susceptible to the activation of STAT3 by interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. This exerted a stronger inhibitory effect of IL-10 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated B-cell proliferation and cytokine production (IL-6). Moreover, IgG1 and IgA production induced by LPS and IL-10 were enhanced by the addition of CT to cultures of PP or splenic B cells. This is the first study to provide a molecular mechanism that can reconcile previous findings of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects by CT adjuvant.Mucosal Immunology advance online publication 7 April 2010. doi:10.1038/mi.2010.16.
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| 22. |
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Studies in Industrial Renewal : Coping with Changing Contexts
- 2011. - 200
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this book is to provide a picture of ongoing research at Mälardalen University in order to create a point of departure for future research on industrial renewal. Many aspects of industrial renewal are dealt with by the researchers who contributed to this book. Some of them focus on functional aspects such as distribution channels and management accounting and control. Others deal with broad perspectives such as strategies and entrepreneurship, and still others consider specific empirical fields such as the institutions of society, and the energy sector.Our exposition identifies a need for further research into classical problems such as how to best exploit new ideas in established firms, as well as how to infuse new approaches and attitudes into going concerns, the role of the characteristics of industrial networks, geographical distance, the labour market, and the institutions of society in such renewal processes, and the need for more in-depth process research in order to further develop theory and practice.
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| 23. |
- Söfteland, Madiha Bhatti, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Correction of Unicoronal Synostosis With Springs: Two Patients With Improved Facial Symmetry
- 2024
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In: JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY. - 1049-2275 .- 1536-3732. ; 35:1, s. 10-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Surgical correction of unicoronal synostosis (UCS) entails extensive cranioplasties which do not address facial scoliosis. This paper presents the first results with springs that motivated the shift from extensive cranioplasties to dynamic techniques for surgical correction of UCS.Methods: Two cases of UCS were operated with a linear osteotomy combined with springs. The deviation in facial symmetry (orbital dystopia angle) and skull base angles were measured on pre and postoperative computed tomography scans until 3 years of age.Results: The facial scoliosis was corrected. At spring removal, the orbital dystopia angle had gone from a 9.2 to 13.2-degree deviation preoperatively to a 0.5 to 0.9-degree overcorrection compared with the ideal 0-degree deviation. Also, the skull base deviation improved.Conclusion: Linear osteotomy combined with springs corrects the facial scoliosis in UCS. These cases indicate that dynamic methods may be beneficial for improving the results of surgical correction of UCS.
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| 24. |
- Thelin, Eva, 1966-
(author)
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Ett svenskt dialektlexikon i startgroparna
- 2006
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In: Nordiske studier i leksikografi 8. - København. - 0803-9313. ; , s. 163-170
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A Swedish dialect dictionary ready to start. The project Swedish Dialect Dictionary has beenin progress at the Institute for Dialectology, Onomastics and Folklore Research in Uppsala since2003. People interested in dialects constitute the target group and the dictionary will be publishedin book form. A timescale of ten years and a limit of 1200 pages are some preliminary constraints.The collections of dialect words at the Institute are considered a sufficient basis in spite of aslightly uneven geographical distribution. Selection criteria are discussed, among others, that thedialect words should be drawn from at least ten independent sources or derive from three provinces.Besides the usual items of information on pronunciation, meaning etc., the microstructureof the dictionary entries contains the geographical distribution of the occurrences. The need forincreased resources if the project is to be completed within the time stated is emphasised.
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