1. |
- Andersson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Guided Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1743-6095 .- 1743-6109. ; 8:10, s. 2800-2809
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Men with erectile dysfunction are often worried about their condition, have interpersonal difficulties, and have a reduced quality of life. Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) has been shown effective for a number of health problems but evidence is limited concerning the treatment of erectile dysfunction. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanAim. The study investigated the effects of ICBT for erectile dysfunction. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods. Seventy-eight men were included in the study and randomized to either ICBT or to a control group, which was an online discussion group. Treatment consisted of a 7-week Web-based program with e-mail-based therapist support. Each therapist spent an average of 55 minutes per participant. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMain Outcome Measure. The International Index of Erectile Functioning five-item version was administered via the telephone at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 6 months after receiving ICBT. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults. At post-treatment, the treatment group had significantly greater improvements with regard to erectile performance compared with the control group. Between-group differences at post-treatment were small (d = 0.1), but increased at the 6-month follow-up (d = 0.88). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions. This study provides support for the use of ICBT as a possible treatment format for erectile dysfunction.
|
|
2. |
- Barlow, Nicholas, et al.
(författare)
-
Macrocyclic Peptidomimetics as Inhibitors of Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase (IRAP)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: RSC Medicinal chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2632-8682. ; 11:2, s. 234-244
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Macrocyclic analogues of the linear hexapeptide, angiotensin IV (AngIV) have proved to be potent inhibitors of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP, oxytocinase, EC 3.4.11.3). Along with higher affinity, macrocycles may also offer better metabolic stability, membrane permeability and selectivity, however predicting the outcome of particular cycle modifications is challenging. Here we describe the development of a series of macrocyclic IRAP inhibitors with either disulphide, olefin metathesis or lactam bridges and variations of ring size and other functionality. The binding mode of these compounds is proposed based on molecular dynamics analysis. Estimation of binding affinities (∆G) and relative binding free energies (∆∆G) with the linear interaction energy (LIE) method and free energy perturbation (FEP) method showed good general agreement with the observed inhibitory potency. Experimental and calculated data highlight the cumulative importance of an intact N-terminal peptide, the specific nature of the macrocycle, the phenolic oxygen and the C-terminal functionality.
|
|
3. |
- Hallberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards second-generation smart card-based authentication in health information systems : the secure server model.
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Medinfo. - 1569-6332. ; 10:Pt 2, s. 1257-1261
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conventional smart card-based authentication systems used in health care alleviate some of the security issues in user and system authentication. Existing models still do not cover all security aspects. To enable new protective measures to be developed, an extended model of the authentication process is presented. This model includes a new entity referred to as secure server. Assuming a secure server, a method where the smart card is aware of the status of the terminal integrity verification becomes feasible. The card can then act upon this knowledge and restrict the exposure of sensitive information to the terminal as required in order to minimize the risks. The secure server model can be used to illuminate the weaknesses of current approaches and the need for extensions which alleviate the resulting risks.
|
|
4. |
- Hallberg, Mathias, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Angiotensin Peptides as AT2 Receptor Agonists
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Current protein and peptide science. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1389-2037 .- 1875-5550. ; 18:8, s. 809-818
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2004, the first nonpeptide selective angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) agonist was reported. This nonpeptide (C21), which, exerts anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic actions in vivo, has been extensively explored and is currently in clinical trials. Subsequently, a large number of related drug-like AT2R agonists have been disclosed. Reviews that summarize known structure-activity relationships (SAR) of nonpeptide AT2R agonists have recently appeared in the literature; however, very few reviews discuss the role of angiotensin peptides as AT2R agonists. Furthermore, to date, there have been no reports focusing on the medicinal chemistry perspective of peptide AT2R agonists. In the present review, reports on linear and conformationally constrained Ang II analogues, with a focus on AT2R selective ligands that are proven to act as agonists at the AT2 receptor are summarized. The impact of truncations and macrocyclizations of Ang II analogues and of incorporation of scaffolds that mimic secondary structures into Ang II related peptides is highlighted. A survey of the efforts to transform the nonselective octapeptide Ang II to more drug-like selective AT2R agonists is presented. The relationship between the structures of the AT2R agonists and their affinity to the AT2R is briefly discussed and common pharmacophore elements of AT2R selective Ang II peptide analogues and selective nonpeptide AT2R agonists are compared.
|
|
5. |
- Reddy Vanga, Sudarsana, et al.
(författare)
-
Structural Basis of Inhibition of Human Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase (IRAP) by Aryl Sulfonamides
- 2018
-
Ingår i: ACS Omega. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2470-1343. ; 3:4, s. 4509-4521
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) is a membrane-bound zinc metallopeptidase with many important regulatory functions. It has been demonstrated that inhibition of IRAP by angiotensin IV (Ang IV) and other peptides, as well as more druglike inhibitors, improves cognition in several rodent models. We recently reported a series of aryl sulfonamides as small-molecule IRAP inhibitors and a promising scaffold for pharmacological intervention. We have now expanded with a number of derivatives, report their stability in liver microsomes, and characterize the activity of the whole series in a new assay performed on recombinant human IRAP. Several compounds, such as the new fluorinated derivative 29, present submicromolar affinity and high metabolic stability. Starting from the two binding modes previously proposed for the sulfonamide scaffold, we systematically performed molecular dynamics simulations and binding affinity estimation with the linear interaction energy method for the full compound series. The significant agreement with experimental affinities suggests one of the binding modes, which was further confirmed by the excellent correlation for binding affinity differences between the selected pair of compounds obtained by rigorous free energy perturbation calculations. The new experimental data and the computationally derived structure-activity relationship of the sulfonamide series provide valuable information for further lead optimization of novel IRAP inhibitors.
|
|
6. |
- Andersson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis of a Cyber Defence Exercise
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Defense and Homeland Security Simulation Workshop (DHSS) 2011. - : Caltek s.r.l.. ; , s. 27-32
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Baltic Cyber Shield 2010 (BCS), a multi-national civilmilitary cyber defence exercise (CDX), aimed to improve the capability of performing a CDX and investigate how IT attacks and defence of critical infrastructure can be studied. The exercise resulted in a massive dataset to be analyzed and many lessons learned in planning and executing a large-scale multinational CDX. A reconstruction & exploration (R&E) approach was used to capture incidents such as attacks and defensive counter-measures during the exercise. This paper introduces the usage of R&E combined with exploratory sequential data analysis (ESDA) and discusses benefits and limitations of using these methods for analyzing multi-national cyber defence exercises. Using ESDA we were able to generate statistical data on attacks from BCS, such as number of reported attacks by the attackers and the defenders on different type of services. Initial results from these explorations will be analyzed and discussed.
|
|
7. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan L., 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Immersion and ritual in Object-Oriented Didactics and Sensuous Learning
- 2021
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental and sustainability education (ESE) that wants to address existing environmental and sustainability challenges is basically critical, that is if it wants to change through education and learning contemporary ways of being in the world (cf Hart & Nolan 1999). This change is often framed in terms of transformation, where something is changed into something else, yet, that change of that something (van Poeck, König & Wals 2018; Lundegård & Wickman 2009), for example the process, is partially a retainment of something (Mezirow 2000). For example, it is still the social, learner, knowledge or custom that was transformed, highlighting its continuity. This focus on retainment and continuity has recently been challenged through the concept of transgressive learning (e.g. Lotz-Sisitka et al. 2015), where the focus is rather of abandonment and discontinuity of ways of being through learning (Bengtsson 2019). Transgression is by the presenting authors seen as a means of potentially subverting the reproduction of coloniality of Western thought (Chaves et al. 2015), pertaining anthropocentrism (Kopnina 2012) and capitalism/neoliberalism (Hursh, Henderson & Greenwood 2015) in and through ESE.This paper aims to contribute to a theoretical and practical development of didactical means for transgression, particularly by providing alternative pedagogical and didactical entry points for understanding learning as not primarily rational but by highlighting aesthetics and the sensuous learner. In this effort, the paper combines the theoretical outlooks of sensuous learning (Hallberg 2015, 2017, 2018) and object-oriented learning (Bengtsson 2018) in order to develop further a object-oriented didactics of ESE (Bengtsson, Lysgaard, Jordt-Joergensen 2019). The effort is here to provide theoretical and practical means for engaging with withdrawn and uncanny objects of education through sensuous learning. Drawing on the initial considerations of object-oriented didactics (Bengtsson, Lysgaard, Jordt-Joergensen 2019) holding that the real object of education is not congruent with the content of education and that the educative substance (Bildungsgehalt) of the object of education is indeterminate (located in an open future) and infinite (given that the qualities of the object of education are always larger than any attempts to reduce it to a content of education), sensuous learning is here to provide entry points for understanding how the indeterminate and infinite qualities of the object of education can be rendered sensible.The paper will address the following research questions:How can didactic intervention engage with the surplus of the educative substance (Bildungssubstanz) of the object of education? (Practical question)How can senouse learning sensitize the learner and teacher to the indeterminate potential of the educative substance of the object as that substance is according to the axioms of object-oriented learning located in a future still to come? (Practical and theoretical question)How can we understand the contribution of object-oriented didactics to the production of a Sensuous Society (Hallberg 2017) and Ecological Bildung (Bengtsson, Lysgaard, Jordt-Joergensen 2019). How is this link actualized in didactical intervention and in learning? (Theoretical question)MethodThe paper represents a theoretical development of existing conceptions of a) transgressive learning, b) dark pedagogy and c) sensuous learning. In particular, it induces insights and perspectives from theory and methods in performance art and arts-based research into pedagogical and didactical research. Findings and models developed in Sisters Academy ́s school takeovers and boarding schools formats offer rich and innovative approaches to facilitating sensuous learning that are taken as inspiration for the development of object-oriented didactics. The Takeover format is meant to immerse the entire school into the sensuous and poetic and thus 'leave no one behind' in an attempt to democratize' the aesthetic. It is this all-embracing immersion that allows such democratization. However, the modes of participation can largely differ and is never forced and thus based on individual navigation within the overall educational experiment. This paper will in particular focus on two aspects of sensuous learning: immersion and the ritual. By engaging with approaches and models to immersion and the ritual, this paper is to explore in an open and creative manner how immersion and the ritual could be integrated into didactical interventions. Immersion, refers here also to the possibility of an immersion of the whole sensory spectrum, where the ritual might address different senses. The ritual is in this sense open and not already focused on particular senses or what is to be sensed.Expected OutcomesBy rendering partially sensible the object of education through didactic intervention, sensuous learning is resensitizing the learner to what in sensuous learning is called “Poetic Self” (Hallberg 2017, 2018) and in dark pedagogy is called “Future Self of Essence” (Bengtsson 2019b). Accordingly, educational substance (Bildungsgehalt) of the object of education to be engaged with in sensuous learning is not strictly speaking that of the object or “for me”. Instead, sensuous learning can be seen to lead to a transgression where the learner loses or ruins “its self”/”itself” (Bataille 1988). The poetic self is in this sense not engaging in the process of autopoiesis, i.e. self-reproduction and self-maintenance, finds itself caught up in “some thing”/”something”. The openness of the ritual and the process of object-oriented didactic gesture points here also the uncanny/unhomely (unheimlich) aspect of learning that is resensitizing to the Poetic Self/Future Self. The uncanniness refers here to a conception of self that is not strictly “in place”, but alienated and hence a self sensing self that is both itself and not-itself. Accordingly, the paper is to provide a reconception of understanding the positionality and limit of the self at the core of our understanding of learning. The combination of sensuous learning and object oriented didactics is in the context above to provide ecologically oriented entry points for ESE and for developing further transgressive learning.
|
|
8. |
- Borhade, Sanjay R, et al.
(författare)
-
Inhibition of Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase (IRAP) by Arylsulfonamides
- 2014
-
Ingår i: ChemistryOpen. - : Wiley. - 2191-1363. ; 3:6, s. 256-263
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inhibition of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP, EC 3.4.11.3) by angiotenesin IV is known to improve memory and learning in rats. Screening 10 500 low-molecular-weight compounds in an enzyme inhibition assay with IRAP from Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells provided an arylsulfonamide (N-(3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl)-4-bromo-5-chlorothiophene-2-sulfonamide), comprising a tetrazole in the meta position of the aromatic ring, as a hit. Analogues of this hit were synthesized, and their inhibitory capacities were determined. A small structure-activity relationship study revealed that the sulfonamide function and the tetrazole ring are crucial for IRAP inhibition. The inhibitors exhibited a moderate inhibitory potency with an IC50=1.1±0.5 μm for the best inhibitor in the series. Further optimization of this new class of IRAP inhibitors is required to make them attractive as research tools and as potential cognitive enhancers.
|
|
9. |
- Bäck, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
Design, synthesis and SAR of potent statine-based BACE-1 inhibitors : Exploration of P1 phenoxy and benzyloxy residues
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0968-0896 .- 1464-3391. ; 16:21, s. 9471-9486
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several BACE-1 inhibitors with low nanomolar level activities, encompassing a statine-based core structure with phenyloxymethyl- and benzyloxymethyl residues in the P1 position, are presented. The novel P1 modi. cation introduced to allow the facile exploration of the S1 binding pocket of BACE-1, delivered highly promising inhibitors.
|
|
10. |
- Chatzittofis, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
HPA axis dysregulation in men with hypersexual disorder
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 63, s. 247-253
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypersexual disorder integrating pathophysiological aspects such as sexual desire deregulation, sexual addiction, impulsivity and compulsivity was suggested as a diagnosis for the DSM-5. However, little is known about the neurobiology behind this disorder. A dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis has been shown in psychiatric disorders but has not been investigated in hypersexual disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of the HPA axis in hypersexual disorder. The study includes 67 male patients with hypersexual disorder and 39 healthy male volunteers. Basal morning plasma levels of cortisol and ACTH were assessed and low dose (0.5 mg) dexamethasone suppression test was performed with cortisol and ACTH measured post dexamethasone administration. Non-suppression status was defined with DST-cortisol levels >= 138 nmol/l. The Sexual Compulsive scale (SCS), Hypersexual disorder current assessment scale (HD:CAS), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale-self rating (MADRS-S) and Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), were used for assessing hypersexual behavior, depression severity and early life adversity. Patients with hypersexual disorder were significantly more often DST non-suppressors and had significantly higher DST-ACTH levels compared to healthy volunteers. The patients reported significantly more childhood trauma and depression symptoms compared to healthy volunteers. CTQ scores showed a significant negative correlation with DST-ACTH whereas SCS and HD:CAS scores showed a negative correlation with baseline cortisol in patients. The diagnosis of hypersexual disorder was significantly associated DST non-suppression and higher plasma DST-ACTH even when adjusted for childhood trauma. The results suggest HPA axis dysregulation in male patients with hypersexual disorder.
|
|
11. |
|
|
12. |
- Chatzittofis, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Interpersonal violence, early life adversity, and suicidal behavior in hypersexual men
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral Addictions. - : Akademiai Kiado. - 2062-5871 .- 2063-5303. ; 6:2, s. 187-193
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: There are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the role of childhood adversity, interpersonal violence, and suicidal behavior in hypersexual disorder (HD). The aim of this study was to investigate interpersonal violence in hypersexual men compared with healthy volunteers and the experience of violence in relation to suicidal behavior. Methods: This case-control study includes 67 male patients with HD and 40 healthy male volunteers. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) were used for assessing early life adversity and interpersonal violence in childhood and in adult life. Suicidal behavior (attempts and ideation) was assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (version 6.0) and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale - Self-rating. Results: Hypersexual men reported more exposure to violence in childhood and more violent behavior as adults compared with healthy volunteers. Suicide attempters (n = 8, 12%) reported higher KIVS total score, more used violence as a child, more exposure to violence as an adult as well as higher score on CTQ-SF subscale measuring sexual abuse (SA) compared with hypersexual men without suicide attempt. Discussion: Hypersexuality was associated with interpersonal violence with higher total scores in patients with a history of suicide attempt. The KIVS subscale exposure to interpersonal violence as a child was validated using the CTQ-SF but can be complemented with questions focusing on SA for full assessment of early life adversity. Conclusion: Childhood adversity is an important factor in HD and interpersonal violence might be related to suicidal behavior in hypersexual men.
|
|
13. |
- de Jong, Annelise, et al.
(författare)
-
LCA Systemanalys av återanvändbara förpackningar för take-away mat och dryck
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här studien har genomförts av IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket och undersöker miljöpåverkan av återanvändbara förpackningar för take-away mat och dryck. Rapporten fungerar som underlag till ett Regeringsuppdrag som genomförs av Naturvårdsverket och Livsmedelsverket för att ta fram vägledning och riktlinjer för verksamheter gällande återanvändbara muggar och matlådor (M2021/02087). I den nya förordningen (2021:996) om engångsprodukter, lyfts ökade krav på återanvändning av förpackningar till januari 2024 och även att system ska registreras hos Naturvårdsverket. Där finns även krav på aktörer att informera deras kunder om miljöpåverkan av användning av engångsförpackningar samt om fördelar av minskad förbrukning av dessa. Naturvårdsverket har beställt denna studie för att ta framkunskapsunderlag inom miljöpåverkan av flergångsförpackningar för att visa upp fördelar gentemot engångsförpackningar, baserat på hela livscykeln från allt från tillverkning av flergångsförpackningar till flera användningscyklar, och sen avfallshantering. Materialval för muggar som analyserades är fossil plast, biobaserad plast, och stål, och för matlådor fossil plast, biobaserad plast, glas och stål.En systemanalys (LCA) tillämpades för att svara på följande frågor i studien:På vilket sätt (när och hur) medhavda återanvändbara muggar och matlådor bör användasVilka material i återanvändbara muggar och matlådor som bör användas för att uppnå störst miljönyttaResultatet visar att råvaruutvinningen dominerar för alla materialalternativ, utom för fossil plast där även förbränningen i avfallsskedet har en betydande klimatpåverkan. Om inte hänsyn tas till att glas eller stål kan användas fler gånger än plast blir glas och stål mycket sämre än plast på grund av större vikt och för att stål också har en större klimatpåverkan per kg material vid tillverkningen av materialet. Det studien ändå signalerar är att fossil-baserad plast (i denna studie PP) sannolikt är det sämsta materialet ur klimatsynpunkt, vilket till stor del beror på att när behållaren förr eller senare förbränns så bidrar detta till fossil klimatpåverkan.Det bio-baserade plast alternativet är bra ur klimatsynpunkt, främst eftersom förbränning av ett bio-baserat material inte bidrar till fossil klimatpåverkan, men också för att tillverkningen av materialet också är lägre även om det där finns en större osäkerhet då de data som använts i den här studien baseras på en LCA publicerad av en enda leverantör. För stålförpackningar har utmaningen i analysen varit dels att försöka göra detta material rättvisa då det kan användas fler gånger än plastmaterialen, men också det som nämnts ovan att det varit svårt att definiera en produktvikt som är representativ i jämförelsen med de andra materialen. Studien visar också att glas (som bara är relaterad till matlådor i denna studie) också är ett bra alternativ, Valet av material har alltså stor betydelse, och det/de material som kan användas flest gånger bör beaktas.Transporter har relativt liten påverkan totalt sett men transporten till ”användare” syns även om den har lägre påverkan än diskningen. Ju tyngre mugg/låda desto större är påverkan från transporter. Diskningen har betydelse, men är relativt liten jämfört med råmaterialet till muggen/lådan. Icke-centraliserad diskning har inte analyserats men borde ge en lägre påverkan (p.g.a. ingen transport), men eventuellt högre påverkan (p.g.a. lägre effektivitet), och detta skulle möjligen kunna ta ut varandra, men har som sagt inte analyserats. Att ta med egen matlåda eller mugg skulle troligen ha större påverkan från diskning på grund av ineffektiv diskning.
|
|
14. |
- Dennis, Andersson, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of a Cyber Defense Exercise using Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Baltic Cyber Shield 2010 (BCS), a multi-national civil-military cyber defense exercise (CDX), aimed to improve the capability of performing a CDX and investigate how IT attacks and defense of critical infrastructure can be studied. The exercise resulted in a massive dataset to be analyzed and many lessons learned in planning and executing a large-scale multi-national CDX. A reconstruction & exploration (R&E) approach was used to capture incidents such as attacks and defensive countermeasures during the exercise. This paper introduces the usage of R&E combined with exploratory sequential data analysis (ESDA) and discusses benefits and limitations of using these methods for analyzing multi-national cyber defense exercises.Using ESDA we were able to generate statistical data on attacks from BCS, such as number of reported attacks by the attackers and the defenders on different type of services. Initial results from these explorations will be analyzed and discussed.
|
|
15. |
- Diwakarla, Shanti, et al.
(författare)
-
Aryl Sulfonamide Inhibitors of Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase Enhance Spine Density in Primary Hippocampal Neuron Cultures
- 2016
-
Ingår i: ACS Chemical Neuroscience. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7193. ; 7:10, s. 1383-1392
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The zinc metallopeptidase insulin regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), which is highly expressed in the hippocampus and other brain regions associated with cognitive function, has been identified as a high-affinity binding site of the hexapeptide angiotensin IV (Ang IV). This hexapeptide is thought to facilitate learning and memory by binding to the catalytic site of IRAP to inhibit its enzymatic activity. In support of this hypothesis, low molecular weight, nonpeptide specific inhibitors of TRAP have been shown to enhance memory in rodent models. Recently, it was demonstrated that linear and macrocyclic Ang IV-derived peptides can alter the shape and increase the number of dendritic spines in hippocampal cultures, properties associated with enhanced cognitive performance. After screening a library of 10 500 drug like substances for their ability to inhibit IRAP, we identified a series of low molecular weight aryl sulfonamides, which exhibit no structural similarity to Ang IV, as moderately potent IRAP inhibitors:A structural and biological characterization of three of these aryl sulfonamides was performed. Their binding modes to human IRAP were explored by docking calculations combined with molecular dynamics simulations and binding affinity estimations using the linear interaction energy method. Two alternative binding modes emerged from this analysis, both of which correctly rank the ligands according to their experimental binding affinities for this series of compounds. Finally, we show that two of these drug-like IRAP inhibitors can alter dendritic spine morphology and increase spine density in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons.
|
|
16. |
- Diwakarla, Shanti, et al.
(författare)
-
Binding to and Inhibition of Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase (IRAP) by Macrocyclic Disulfides Enhances Spine Density
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Molecular Pharmacology. - : American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). - 0026-895X .- 1521-0111. ; 89:4, s. 413-424
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angiotensin IV (Ang IV) and related peptide analogues, as well as non-peptide inhibitors of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), have previously been shown to enhance memory and cognition in animal models. Furthermore, the endogenous IRAP substrates oxytocin and vasopressin are known to facilitate learning and memory. In this study, the two recently synthesized 13-membered macrocylic competitive IRAP inhibitors HA08 and HA09, which were designed to mimic the N-terminal of oxytocin and vasopressin, were assessed and compared based on their ability to bind to the IRAP active site, and alter dendritic spine density in rat hippocampal primary cultures. The binding modes of the IRAP inhibitors HA08, HA09 and of Ang IV in either the extended or γ-turn conformation at the C-terminal to human IRAP were predicted by docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The binding free energies calculated with the linear interaction energy (LIE) method, which are in excellent agreement with experimental data and simulations, have been used to explain the differences in activities of the IRAP inhibitors, both of which are structurally very similar, but differ only with regard to one stereogenic center. In addition, we show that HA08, which is 100-fold more potent than the epimer HA09, can enhance dendritic spine number and alter morphology, a process associated with memory facilitation. Therefore, HA08, one of the most potent IRAP inhibitors known today, may serve as a suitable starting point for medicinal chemistry programs aided by MD simulations aimed at discovering more drug-like cognitive enhancers acting via augmenting synaptic plasticity.
|
|
17. |
- Flanagan, John, et al.
(författare)
-
High plasma oxytocin levels in men with hypersexual disorder
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Oxford University Press. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 107:5, s. e1816-e1822
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Hypersexual disorder (HD) involves excessive, persistent sexual behaviors related to various mood states and the diagnosis compulsive sexual behavior disorder is included as an impulse control disorder in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. Although the neurobiology behind the disorder is not clear, some studies suggest dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Oxytocin acts as counterregulatory neuroendocrine hormone to cortisol and is also involved in sexual behavior.Objective: We hypothesized that oxytocin may play a role in the pathophysiology of HD with compensatory actions to cortisol.Design: Longitudinal.Setting: ANOVA clinic (Karolinska University Hospital).Patients or other participants: 64 males with HD and 38 age-matched healthy volunteers.Main Outcome Measures: Plasma oxytocin levels, measured with radioimmunoassay; Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory; and Hypersexual Disorder: Current Assessment Scale for assessing hypersexual symptoms.Interventions: A patient subgroup (n=30) completed the manual-based group-administered cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) program for HD, and posttreatment oxytocin levels were measured.Results: Hypersexual men (n=64) exhibited significantly higher oxytocin plasma levels (mean±SD: 31.0±9.9 pM) compared with healthy volunteers (16.9±3.9 pM; P<0.001). There were significant positive correlations between oxytocin levels and the rating scales measuring hypersexual behavior. Patients who completed CBT treatment (n=30) had a significant reduction of oxytocin plasma levels from pretreatment (30.5±10.1 pM) to posttreatment (20.2±8.0 pM; P<0.001).Conclusions: The results suggest that the hyperactive oxytocinergic system in hypersexual men may be a compensatory mechanism to attenuate hyperactive stress.
|
|
18. |
- Fransson, Susanne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Intragenic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements: Translocations as a novel mechanism of ALK activation in neuroblastoma tumors.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Genes, chromosomes & cancer. - : Wiley. - 1098-2264 .- 1045-2257. ; 54:2, s. 99-109
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has been demonstrated to be deregulated in sporadic as well as in familiar cases of neuroblastoma (NB). Whereas ALK-fusion proteins are common in lymphoma and lung cancer, there are few reports of ALK rearrangements in NB indicating that ALK mainly exerts its oncogenic capacity via activating mutations and/or overexpression in this tumor type. In this study, 332 NB tumors and 13 cell lines were screened by high resolution single nucleotide polymorphism microarray. Gain of 2p was detected in 23% (60/332) of primary tumors and 46% (6/13) of cell lines, while breakpoints at the ALK locus were detected in four primary tumors and two cell lines. These were further analyzed by next generation sequencing and a targeted enrichment approach. Samples with both ALK and MYCN amplification displayed complex genomic rearrangements with multiple breakpoints within the amplicon. None of the translocations characterized in primary NB tumors are likely to result in a chimeric protein. However, immunohistochemical analysis reveals high levels of phosphorylated ALK in these samples despite lack of initial exons, possibly due to alternative transcription initiation sites. Both ALK proteins predicted to arise from such alterations and from the abnormal ALK exon 4-11 deletion observed in the CLB-BAR cell line show strong activation of downstream targets STAT3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) when expressed in PC12 cells. Taken together, our data indicate a novel, although rare, mechanism of ALK activation with implications for NB tumorigenesis.
|
|
19. |
- Ghouse, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Association of Variants Near the Bradykinin Receptor B2 Gene With Angioedema in Patients Taking ACE Inhibitors
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 78:7, s. 696-709
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Angioedema is a rare but potentially life-threatening adverse reaction associated with angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Identification of potential genetic factors related to this adverse event may help identify at-risk patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify genetic factors associated with ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema. METHODS A genomewide association study involving patients of European descent, all taking ACE inhibitors, was conducted in a discovery cohort (Copenhagen Hospital Biobank), and associations were confirmed in a replication cohort (Swedegene). Cases were defined as subjects with angioedema events and filled prescriptions for ACE inhibitors #180 days before the events. Control subjects were defined as those with continuous treatment with ACE inhibitors without any history of angioedema. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for angioedema risk using logistic mixed model regression analysis. Summary statistics from the discovery and replication cohorts were analyzed using a fixed-effects meta-analysis model. RESULTS The discovery cohort consisted of 462 cases and 53,391 ACE inhibitor-treated control subjects. The replication cohort consisted of 142 cases and 1,345 ACE inhibitor-treated control subjects. In the discovery cohort, 1 locus, residing at chromosome 14q32.2, was identified that associated with angioedema at the genomewide significance level of P <5 x 10-8. The lead variant at this locus, rs34485356, is an intergenic variant located 60 kb upstream of BDKRB2 (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.38 to 1.90; P = 4.3 x 10-9). This variant was validated in our replication cohort with a similar direction and effect size (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.25; P = 7.2 x 10-3). We found that carriers of the risk allele had significantly lower systolic (-0.46 mm Hg per T allele; 95% CI:-0.83 to-0.10; P = 0.013) and diastolic (-0.26 mm Hg per T allele; 95% CI:-0.46 to-0.05; P = 0.013) blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS In this genomewide association study involving individuals treated with ACE inhibitors, we found that common variants located in close proximity to the bradykinin receptor B2 gene were associated with increased risk for ACE inhibitor-related angioedema.
|
|
20. |
- Grönbladh, Alfhild, et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of nandrolone decanoate and growth hormone on biosynthesis of steroids in rats
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Steroids. - : Elsevier. - 0039-128X .- 1878-5867. ; 78:12-13, s. 1192-1199
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growth hormone (GH) and anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are commonly used in sports communities. Several studies have suggested an association between GH and AAS. We have investigated the impact of GH in rats treated with nandrolone decanoate (ND). Male Wistar rats received ND (15 mg/kg) every third day during three weeks and were subsequently treated with recombinant human GH (1.0 IU/kg) for ten consecutive days. Plasma samples were collected and peripheral organs (i.e. heart, liver, testis and thymus) were dissected and weighed. Concentration of thirteen endogenous steroids was measured in the rat plasma samples using high specificity LC-MS/MS methods. Seven steroids were detected and quantified, and concentrations of estrone, testosterone, and androstenedione were significantly different among the groups, while concentrations of pregnenolone, DHEA, 17- hydroxyprogesterone and corticosterone were not altered. Administration of rhGH alone altered the plasma steroid distribution, and the results demonstrated significantly increased concentrations of plasma estrone as well as decreased concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione in the ND-treated rats. Administration of rhGH to ND-pretreated rats did not reverse the alteration of the steroid distribution induced by ND. Administration of ND decreased the weight of the thymus, and addition of rhGH did not reverse this reduction. However, rhGH administration induced an enlargement of thymus. Taken together, the plasma steroid profile differed in the four groups, i.e. controls, AAS, rhGH and the combination of AAS and rhGH treatment.
|
|
21. |
- Görts Öberg, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
-
Hypersexual Disorder According to the Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory in Help-Seeking Swedish Men and Women With Self-Identified Hypersexual Behavior
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Sexual Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 2050-1161. ; 5:4, s. E229-E236
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI) was developed by the American Psychiatric Association for clinical screening of hypersexual disorder (HD). Aims: To examine the distribution of the proposed diagnostic entity HD according to the HDSI in a sample of men and women seeking help for problematic hypersexuality and evaluate some psychometric properties. Methods: Data on sociodemographics, the HDSI, the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS), and the Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes of Sexual Behavior were collected online from 16 women and 64 men who self-identified as hypersexual. Respondents were recruited by advertisements offering psychological treatment for hypersexual behavior. Main Outcome Measures: The HDSI, covering the proposed criteria for HD. Results: Of the entire sample, 50% fulfilled the criteria for HD. Compared with men, women scored higher on the HDSI, engaged more often in risky sexual behavior, and worried more about physical injuries and pain. Men primarily used pornography, whereas women had sexual encounters. The HD group reported a larger number of sexual specifiers, higher scores on the SCS, more negative effects of sexual behavior, and more concerns about consequences compared with the non-HD group. Sociodemographics had no influence on HD. The HDSI's core diagnostic criteria showed high internal reliability for men (a = 0.80) and women (a = 0.81). A moderate correlation between the HDSI and the SCS was found (0.51). The vast majority of the entire sample (76 of 80, 95%) fulfilled the criteria for sexual compulsivity according to the SCS. Conclusion: The HDSI could be used as a screening tool for HD, although further explorations of the empirical implications regarding criteria are needed, as are refinements of cutoff scores and specific sexual behaviors. Hypersexual problematic behavior causes distress and impairment and, although not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, HD should be endorsed as a diagnosis to develop evidence-based treatment and future studies on its etiology. Copyright (C) 2017, The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the International Society for Sexual Medicine. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
|
|
22. |
- Hallberg-Borgqvist, Jonas
(författare)
-
Some observations on the impact of clothing systems on the concentration of airborne bacteria - Carrying particles during surgery
- 2010
-
Ingår i: 41st R³-Nordic Symposium. - : Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus. - 9789513875954 ; , s. 161-163
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the view of the increasing number of resistant bacteria in hospitals the effect of different operating room clothing systems on air cleanliness during surgery has been discussed. To investigate how clothing systems of cleanroom quality affect the number of airborne bacteria-carrying particles in comparison to ordinary surgical clothing systems, tests have been performed in a test chamber (body-box) and in an operating room during surgery. The results show that as well mechanical ventilation as clothing system have an effect on the concentration of airborne bacteria-carrying particles, where the choice of clothing system can play an important role for the safety of the patient.
|
|
23. |
- Hallberg, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
-
Complications, long-term outcome and quality of life following Surgisis® and muscle-covered implants in immediate breast reconstruction: a case-control study with a 6-year follow-up
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Plastic Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-343X .- 1435-0130. ; 42:1, s. 33-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018, The Author(s). Background: Matrices are now commonly used in breast reconstruction, but the scientific evidence is still scares. The main aim was to compare complications and the need for corrections in immediate breast reconstruction with the porcine-derived Surgisis®with the traditional muscle-covered technique. The secondary aim was to compare long-term quality of life and satisfaction. Methods: All consecutive patients who had their breast reconstructed with a Surgisis®or muscle-covered tissue expander/implant were included. Patients were followed clinically and with BREAST-Q. Results: During the study period, 116 reconstructions (71 patients) were operated in the Surgisis®group and 132 reconstructions (90 patients) in the control group. The median follow-up time was 74months (min 43–max 162). The total early complication rate was 37% in the Surgisis®group and 27% in the control group. There were no differences in implant loss (p = 0.68) or total number of complications (p = 0.24) between the two groups. Risk factors for complications were mainly patient characteristics and the use of a tissue expander. There was a slightly higher capsular contracture frequency in the Surgisis®patients (4.2% vs. 2.5%). The need for corrections and patient satisfaction and quality of life were similar in the two groups. Conclusions: The use of Surgisis®in implant-based reconstruction seems to result in an acceptable total early complication rate. The rate might be higher in tissue expander-based reconstruction. Risk factors are mainly patient characteristics. The capsular contracture rate and need for corrections, as well as patient satisfaction and quality of life, are similar in the Surgisis®patients and muscle-covered controls. Level of evidence: III.
|
|
24. |
- Hallberg, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
-
Peel testing of a packaging material laminate studied by in-situ X-ray tomography and cohesive zone modeling
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-7496. ; 95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peel testing is used to study adhesive fracture in packaging material laminates. The focus is on improved understanding of the mechanisms that provide a laminate's adhesive properties, as measured by standard macroscopic tests. Using a specially-designed peel test load rig, peel tests are performed in-situ in a laboratory X-ray tomograph. The peel test results are analyzed using a combination of theoretical models for the adhesive fracture and 3D finite element simulations based on a cohesive zone model approach. Complementary experiments are performed to characterize the properties of the peel arm material. Relaxation of the material is found to occur during image acquisition in the in-situ tests. Despite this, it is possible to obtain 3D reconstructions with good quality during peeling. Peel test properties like the peel arm's root rotation angle and peel arm thinning are quantified. In the present 90° peel tests, it is found that the delamination progresses in an inhomogeneous manner, with the edges delaminating before the center. A number of issues and mechanisms during the peel test are identified. As an example, the peel arm itself can sometimes split, leaving residues of adhesive on the substrate surface. Such phenomena indicate the ambiguities involved in assessing adhesion properties from standard macroscopic force-displacement measurements, without accounting for the mechanisms involved on finer length scales.
|
|
25. |
- Hallberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
A Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Group Intervention for Hypersexual Disorder : A Feasibility Study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1743-6095 .- 1743-6109. ; 14:7, s. 950-958
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The proposed criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition for hypersexual disorder (HD) included symptoms reported by patients seeking help for excessive and out-of-control non-paraphilic sexual behavior, including sexual behaviors in response to dysphoric mood states, impulsivity, and risk taking. Although no prior studies of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of HD have been performed, CBT has been found effective for dysphoric mood states and impulsivity. Aim: To investigate the feasibility of a CBT manual developed for HD explored through symptom decrease, treatment attendance, and clients' treatment satisfaction. Methods: Ten men with a diagnosis of HD took part in the CBT group program. Measurements were taken before, during, and at the end of treatment and 3 and 6 months after treatment. Outcomes: The primary outcome was the Hypersexual Disorder: Current Assessment Scale (HD: CAS) score that measured the severity of problematic hypersexual symptoms and secondary outcomes were the Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI) score, the proportion of attended sessions, and the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8) score. Results: Main results were significant decreases of HD symptoms from before to after treatment on HD: CAS and HDSI scores and a decrease in the number of problematic sexual behaviors during the course of therapy. A high attendance rate of 93% and a high treatment satisfaction score on CSQ-8 also were found. Clinical Implications: The CBT program seemed to ameliorate the symptoms of HD and therefore might be a feasible treatment option. Strengths and Limitations: This study provides data from a CBT program for the treatment of the specific proposed criteria of HD. Because of the small sample and lack of a control group, the results can be considered only preliminary. Conclusion: Although participants reported decreased HD symptoms after attending the CBT program, future studies should evaluate the treatment program with a larger sample and a randomized controlled procedure to ensure treatment effectiveness. Copyright (C) 2017, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
26. |
- Hallberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
A Randomized Controlled Study of Group-Administered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Hypersexual Disorder in Men
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1743-6095 .- 1743-6109. ; 16:5, s. 733-745
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hypersexual disorder (HD) is defined as a condition in which the individual loses control over engagement in sexual behaviors, leading to distress and negative effects on key life areas. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been proven to reduce symptoms of hypersexual behavior; however, no randomized controlled study of CBT interventions for HD has been reported previously. Aim: To investigate the efficacy of group-administered CBT for HD. Methods: Male participants (n = 137) diagnosed with HD, were randomized between 7 weeks of group-administered CBT (n = 70) and a waitlist control receiving the intervention after 8 weeks (n = 67). Measurements were administered at pre-, mid-, and posttreatment, with follow-up after 3 and 6 months. Outcomes: The primary outcome was the Hypersexual Disorder: Current Assessment Scale (HD: CAS), and secondary outcomes were the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS) and measures of depression (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S), psychological distress (Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), and treatment satisfaction (CSQ-8). Results: A significantly greater decrease in HD symptoms and sexual compulsivity, as well as significantly greater improvements in psychiatric well-being, were found for the treatment condition compared with the waitlist. These effects remained stable at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Clinical Implications: CBT can ameliorate HD symptoms and psychiatric distress, suggesting that the CBT program may serve as a first-line treatment in clinical settings. Strengths & Limitations: This is the first randomized controlled study evaluating the efficacy of a CBT programin a rather large sample of HD-specific diagnosed men. The long-termtreatment effects are vague due to the low response rate on follow-up measurements, and the efficacy of this program for hypersexual women remains unknown. Conclusion: This study supports the efficacy of a group-administered CBT program as a treatment option for HD; however, future studies should include women, comprise dismantling analysis of the constituting interventions, and evaluate other treatment formats, for example, administration via the Internet. Copyright (C) 2019, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
27. |
- Hallberg, Jonas, 1978-
(författare)
-
Adolescents in a Digital Everyday Environment
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis is to examine different aspects of Swedish adolescents’ everyday environment in a digital world. Drawing on ecological and psychosocial developmental theories I will discuss social, sexual, and biological aspects of the Internet as an everyday environment, an environment in which most adolescents spend a great deal of time. The thesis comprises four studies, all examining different aspects of the developmental stage of adolescence. Study I focused primarily on the extent to which adolescents encounter explicit online content, such as pornographic, violent, and/or hateful material, and how they react to it. What feelings are associated with explicit online content? And how do adolescents deal with those feelings? In study I we analyzed questionnaire data collected from 226 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15 (47% girls and 53% boys). In line with other studies on the subject, the results showed that many Swedish adolescents are exposed either intentionally or unintentionally to explicit online content. Adolescents in this study showed surprisingly low emotional response to their exposure to explicit content. Their coping strategies center on personal agency, with most choosing to avoid or block unwelcome content rather than turn to parents or siblings for support and advice. Almost no significant gender differences were found in the choice of coping strategies, except that young men were more likely to avoid a site than were young women. Study II focused on the association between various parental and child factors and the parents’ attitudes toward adolescents’ online sexual activities. The study was based on questionnaire data collected from parents (78% mothers) and adolescents (54% girls) in 496 families. Results showed that parental attitudes toward adolescents’ offline and online sexual activities are closely related, although parents are more permissive in the offline setting. Parents’ attitudes toward online sexuality are not only correlated with their attitudes toward sexuality in traditional settings, but also by their preferences on the Internet. Parental attitudes were found to differ by the sex of the parent and the sex and age of the child. The link between fathers’ attitudes and adolescents’ online sexual activities was mediated by parental rules, suggesting that communication is part of the transmission of values. The focus of study III was on the link between adolescent boys’ pubertal timing and their offline and online romantic and sexual activities. The study was based on questionnaire data obtained from 142 early adolescent Swedish boys. Participants reported on stagenormative (physical) and peer-normative aspects of pubertal timing, and on offline and online romantic and sexual activities. Both aspects of pubertal timing were related to romantic and sexual activity offline, but only the stage-normative measure was linked to sexual activities online. In study IV the focus was on the relationship between sexual and romantic activity in a traditional offline context and similar activities online. Longitudinal questionnaire data were obtained from 440 adolescents over three years. Results revealed that both offline and online sexual activity increased over time within the group. We found that results for girls showed a somewhat larger effect, indicating that the link between offline and online sexual activity is largest within the female group. Results also revealed a small but significant increase in the slope for participation in offline sexual activity with online sexual activity as a predictor – but only for boys – indicating that the link between online and offline sexual activity (i.e., the other way around) only exists within the male group. Thus, as boys’ participation in sexual activity increases online, so it also does offline. The article concludes that adolescents’ romantic and sexual activities online are tied to their physical, offline equivalent and so the Internet can be regarded as an important context for sexual development. Taken together, the individual studies suggest that The Internet, as an everyday environment is linked to several aspects of the developmental phase of adolescence. Further studies should continue to explore the effect of the Internet on adolescents’ developmental tasks.
|
|
28. |
|
|
29. |
|
|
30. |
- Hallberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Controlled Information Security: How to recognize and improve organizational information security status
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report is a compilation of the first three main reports of the COINS project (Yngström et al., 2009a, Yngström et al., 2009b, Hallberg & Lundholm 2009). The COntrolled INformation Security (COINS) research project was established to address the needs of understanding, learning and eventually managing information security (IS) in organizations. It has proved to be difficult for organizations, including government agencies, to reach adequate information security levels, as illustrated by a report from the Swedish national audit office published in 2007 (RiR, Swedish National Audit Office 2007). Despite much research and work conducted within the area, auditing and assessments frequently find inadequacies in how practical IS is handled, and, as it seems, there are frequent discrepancies in how IS is perceived by humans and what degree of IS that is actually performed. The three first reports of COINS present in detail the design, modeling and test of six constructs – frameworks and models – for assessing IS. The different constructs compute and discuss the metrics provided in three different ways. This report targets mainly the participants at the agency at which the tests of IS metrics were conducted. The concept of a IS metric is interpreted widely following the definition from Hallberg et al. (2004): “A security metric contains three main parts: a magnitude, a scale and an interpretation. The security values of systems are measured according to a specified magnitude and related to a scale. The interpretation prescribes the meaning of obtained security values”, and aims at the formulation of viable IS metrics. Therefore this report is also an input to a validation test of the practical results obtained, while the theoretical validation rests with the reasoning presented in the two first reports. The approach taken differs from the ordinary 27000-standard based analyses in that the idealized communication structure starts from demands of an information system in total, and views communication as equal to steering and control. Thereby, both the social and the technical layers in communication are included as are the strategic, tactic and operational decision levels and their equivalent life cycle stages. Metrics focusing the control system underline that complex information systems necessarily must handle existing variety including its IS. Some of the findings, which still have to be verified by the agency, are: 1. the relative focus for the agency’s documentation correlates rather well with the relative focus of the controls specified in appendix A of the standard ISO/IEC 27001, 2. the agency seems partly to fulfill the security policy, which it has defined itself, 3. the agency tend to focus on operative matters and on acting when something has happened, rather than emphasize planning and developing and carrying out proactive information security work. A general observation of all COINS’ constructs, on which metrics in the report are based, is that the standard may not explicitly identify senders respectively receivers of messages. This is illustrated by the metrics connected to ISO/IEC appendix A, which show that most of the controls listed (76%) do not have an entity assigned to it. Apart from COINS’ work with metrics being verified by the participating agency, future work involves developing a faster and eventually also recursive method for analyzing and extracting interesting data for metrics use, as well as providing more transparent views on the models. The research is planned to continue for one further year.
|
|
31. |
|
|
32. |
- Hallberg, Jonas
(författare)
-
High-level synthesis under local-timing constraints
- 1996
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- High-level synthesis deals with the problem of transforming a behavioral description of a design into a register transfer level implementation. This enables the specification of designs at a high level of abstraction. However, designs with timing requirements can not be implemented in this way, unless there is a way to include the timing requirements in the behavioral specification. Local timing constraints (LTCs) enable the designer to specify the time between the execution of operations and more closely model the external behavior of a design. This thesis deals with the modelling of LTCs and the process of high-level synthesis under LTCs.Since high-level synthesis starts from behavioral specifications an approach to transfer LTCs from behavioral VHDL to an intermediate design representation has been adopted. In the intermediate design representation the LTCs are modelled in such a way that they can be easily analyzed and interpreted. Before the high-level synthesis process is started a consistency check is carried out to discover contradictions between the specified LTCs.If the LTCs are consistent a preliminary scheduling of the operations can be performed and the clock period decided. For that purpose two different approaches, based on unicycle and multicycle scheduling, have been developed. The unicycle scheduling approach assumes that the longest delay between two registers equals the clock period. Design transformations are used to change the number of serialized operations between the registers and, thus, change the clock period to satisfy the LTCs. The multicycle scheduling approach allows the longest delay between two registers to be several clock periods long. Thus, the goal is to find a reasonable clock period and a preliminary schedule that satisfy the LTCs. Furthermore, the multicycle scheduling approach does trade-offs between speed and cost (silicon area) when deciding on which modules to be used to implement the operations. Both Genetic algorithms and Tabu search are used to solve the combinatorial optimization problem that arises during the multicycle scheduling.If the preliminary schedule fulfills all the LTCs then module allocation and binding is performed. The goal is to perform all the operations while using as few functional modules as possible. This is achieved by module sharing. Experimental results show that the high-level synthesis performed by the proposed methods produces efficient designs.
|
|
33. |
- Hallberg, Jonas
(författare)
-
Hypersexual disorder : clinical presentation and treatment
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Persistent hypersexual behavior (HB) leading to negative consequences is a phenomenon that has lacked a recognized diagnosis in the psychiatric nomenclature, despite extensive study. Due to differences in the means of assessment and conceptualization of the phenomenon, it has been difficult to compare and generalize from the results of treatment studies. Hypersexual Disorder (HD) was proposed for the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) as an atheoretical formulation of HB. However, it was rejected despite receiving empirical support in a field trial and studies in clinical and forensic sample populations. However, the HD and its proposed criteria enabled targeted treatment studies based on uniform, albeit preliminary diagnostic, categorization. Aims: The overall aim of the thesis was to investigate the validity of the HD criteria for categorizing HB and develop a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment protocol based on the findings, and subsequently evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the protocol and implement its administration via the Internet. The specific research questions were: • Is the HD diagnosis and its criteria suitable means to categorize a group of men and women who engage in excessive sexual behavior to a degree that leads to personal distress and impairment? • Is a newly developed CBT intervention protocol efficacious for amelioration of the symptoms associated with HD if administered in group settings? • If the CBT intervention protocol is efficacious in treatment of HD symptoms, can it be administered via the Internet? Methods: In Study I, the validity of the HD criteria was examined in a sample of self-identified hypersexual individuals using the Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI). Subsequently in Study II, the feasibility of a newly developed CBGT treatment for HD was examined in a sample of hypersexual men recruited through Study I. Measurements were made pre-, mid-, and post-treatment as well as 3 and 6 months after the end of treatment. Study III was a larger RCT, comparing 7 sessions of CBGT treatment with a waitlist. Measurements were performed pre-, mid- and post-treatment during the comparative study period. The waitlist participants subsequently underwent CBGT and were measured at the same relative time points. Both groups were also measured at 3 and 6 months after their respective treatment period. Data from both groups were pooled and analyzed for intragroup effects. Study IV investigated the feasibility and intragroup effects of a 12-week ICBT program for HD, with or without paraphilia(s)/paraphilic disorder(s). Participants were assessed according to the procedures used in Study II and III and after inclusion were assigned a therapist for feedback, support, and clarifications during treatment. Measurements were performed weekly, with focus on pre-, mid-, and post-treatment, as well as 3 months after cessation of treatment. Participants were also offered a follow-up assessment interview. Results: In Study I, 50% of the sample met the criteria for HD. Some gender differences were noted regarding the overall symptom severity and types of exhibited sexual behaviors. The HD criteria were found to be valid for both men and women, although the proposed interpretation of HDSI appeared to be too restrictive. Study II found the CBGT treatment for HD to be feasible. Substantial reductions in HD symptoms were noted at the end of treatment and were maintained at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. The main findings from Study III suggested moderate post-treatment intergroup effects on the primary outcome. Similar effects were found for the secondary outcomes. The results from the pooled data analyses revealed moderate decreases in hypersexual symptoms at post-treatment and at follow up. Participants’ overall psychiatric wellbeing also improved significantly, albeit to a lesser degree. In Study IV, considerable effects were observed as a result of ICBT treatment of HD, with or without paraphilia(s)/paraphilic disorder(s). Moderate effects were noted for paraphilia(s)/paraphilic disorder(s). Psychiatric wellbeing also improved, but to a lesser extent. Conclusions: The HD criteria were found useful for categorizing patients with hypersexual behavior even though the recently recognized diagnose compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is more applicable today. Study II and III showed that CBGT is a feasible treatment that relieves HD symptoms. The results from Study IV suggests that the treatment can be administered via the internet and efficaciously reduces HD and its associated symptoms. Further development of the interventions may have the potential to prevent unwanted sexual behavior, including sexual offending.
|
|
34. |
- Hallberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Internet-Administered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Hypersexual Disorder, With or Without Paraphilia(s) or Paraphilic Disorder(s) in Men : A Pilot Study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1743-6095 .- 1743-6109. ; 17:10, s. 2039-2054
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hypersexual disorder (HD) is a condition in which the individual experiences loss of control over engagement in sexual behaviors, leading to negative effects on various areas of life. Paraphilias often present concomitantly with HD, and although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been proven to reduce engagement in hypersexual behavior, no studies have investigated the effects of Internet-administered CBT (ICBT) on HD, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s). Aim: To investigate the effects of Internet-administered CBT on HD, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s). Methods: Male participants (n = 36) evaluated positive according to the proposed diagnostic HD criteria, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s), received 12 weeks of ICBT. Measures were administered weekly over the treatment period, with an additional follow-up measurement 3 months after completion of treatment. An assessment interview was performed 2 weeks after treatment. Outcomes: The primary outcome was the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI-19), and secondary outcomes were the Hypersexual Disorder: Current Assessment Scale (HD:CAS), the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS), as well as a tentative composite of 6 Severity Self-rating Measures, for Paraphilic Disorders and depression (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS-S]), psychological distress (Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure [CORE-OM]), and treatment satisfaction (CSQ-8). Results: Large, significant decreases in HD symptoms and sexual compulsivity were found, as well as moderate improvements in psychiatric well-being and paraphilic symptoms. These effects remained stable 3 months after treatment. Clinical Implications: ICBT can ameliorate HD symptoms, psychiatric distress, and paraphilic symptoms, which suggests that the ICBT for HD, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s), may constitute a valuable addition of treatment options in clinical settings. Strengths and Limitations: This is the first study evaluating the efficacy ofICBT on a sample of men suffering from HD. In addition, a proportion of the sample reported concomitant paraphilic interests and disorders, thus mirroring an everyday clinical practice in the field of sexual medicine. No control group was assigned, and some of the outcome measures are still to be validated. The long-term effects of ICBT and its efficacy in hypersexual women are unknown. Conclusions: This study gives support for ICBT as an effective treatment option for HD. Future evaluations of the treatment program should include women and larger samples in randomized controlled procedures and investigate the long-term effects. Copyright (C) 2020, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
35. |
|
|
36. |
|
|
37. |
- Hallberg, Jonas, 1969-
(författare)
-
Timing issues in high-level synthesis
- 1998
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- High-level synthesis transforms a behavioral specification into a register-transfer level implementation of a digital system. Much research has been put into auto- mating this demanding and error-prone task. Much of the effort has been directed towards finding techniques which minimize the length of the operation schedule and/or the implementation cost. As the techniques have matured and found their way into commercial applications, new problems have emerged such as the need to be able to specify not only the functional but also the timing behavior, and the difficulty to generate implementations with this timing behavior.This thesis addresses the timing-related problems in high-level synthesis by modeling the timing of a design at three different levels. In the high-level model, timing is expressed by constraints on the execution time of sequences of operations. At the middle level the timing is given by the selected clock period and the operation schedule. Finally, the low-level model is used to estimate the delay of each individual operation, taking into account the effects given by functional and storage units, multiplexors, interconnections, and the controller. This elaborated low-level timing model provides the basis for deciding the middle-level timing in such a way that the possibility of reaching a final implementation with this timing behavior is maximized. The middle level timing, in turn, is used to verify the timing constraints given by the high-level model.A set of design transformations has been developed to enable an integrated high-level synthesis algorithm performing automatic clock period selection, multicycle scheduling, resource allocation, and resource binding. The task of finding a sequence of transformations which leads to a (near) optimal solution yields a combinatorial optimization problem. To solve this problem an optimization algorithm based on the tabu search heuristic is proposed.The resulting high-level synthesis system has been applied to standard bench- marks and an example from the operation and maintenance (OAM) functionality of an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switch. The results motivate the usage of the proposed low-level and high-level timing models and demonstrate the efficiency of the implemented high-level synthesis system.
|
|
38. |
|
|
39. |
- Hallberg, Peter, 1974-
(författare)
-
On Knowledge Creation and Learning at the Intersection of Product Development and Engineering Education
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Today’s demands on higher engineering education given the rapid transformation of society are, to say the least, multifaceted. Rapidly increased complexity of technology as well as adaptation to sustainability requirements are causing major transformations and mergers of whole domains of technology that strongly impact current and future engineering workforces within these domains, in particular, the need for new competencies. To adapt to industry demands for engineering competence that fits new constellations of technology domains, providers of advanced engineering training – i.e., engineering faculties – need to inventory their toolbox for ways to support knowledge creation processes. Product development theory is a central part of many types of academic engineering programs. However, as the product development process itself is a process of knowledge creation, it also has strong relations to theories of learning. This thesis explores the idea that some of the tools of engineering that are also taught at engineering faculties and therefore are familiar to their members can beneficially be applied to the development and management of engineering curricula. This thesis explores the domains of product development theory, engineering education and learning analytics in search of overlapping approaches to knowledge creation. The outcome of this search, which are also the result of this thesis, is a set of proposed tools, measures, and approaches for the development, management, content, and arrangement of engineering curriculum. The main contributions focus on the use of physical artifacts and their contribution to engineering educational frameworks, such as the Conceiving – Designing – Implementing – Operating (CDIO) initiative. For this purpose, the thesis picks up on a previously developed concept of low-cost demonstrators for the establishment of a formalized learning and enabling platform that promotes implementation and execution of the CDIO framework. Furthermore, by adopting a similar approach to product development and learning theory, additional tools are identified and developed for curriculum adaptation, enhancement, and management. In particular, by examining the curriculum from previously unexplored perspectives followed by establishment of novel measurements, this thesis demonstrates how curriculum developers and program managers can increase their insights into the outcomes of their decisions.
|
|
40. |
- Hammar, Linus, et al.
(författare)
-
Symphony : Integrerat planeringsstöd för statlig havsplanering utifrån en ekosystemansats
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Symphony beräknar den kumulativa, sammanlagda, miljöpåverkan i havet. Beräkningarna baseras på en transparent vetenskaplig metod som framförallt baseras på nationellt täckande kartor över ekologiska värden och belastningar från mänskliga verksamheter.Genom Symphony kan havsplanernas effekt på miljöpåverkan bedömas och resultatet påverkar havsplanernas utformning. Denna rapport är framtagen för havsplaneringens samrådsskede 2018.Mycket nyttigt i bilagornaDu kan tända och släcka lager i den första kartan i bilaga 1 och 2 för att utforska materialet. Då behöver du en pdf-läsare som stödjer den funktionen, till exempel Adobe Reader eller Foxit Reader.Till rapporten hör flera bilagorMetadata visar båda kartorna från de olika påverkanslagerna och beskriver hur de data som påverkanslagerna representerar har tagits fram och skalats.Gröna kartan visar alla ekologiska värden som ligger till grund för kartorna.Känslighetsmatrisen visar hur de ekologiska värdena påverkas av belastningarna.Nuläget utan havsplan (bilagor 4 abc)Nuläget med havsplan, alltså havsplanens påverkan om den hade implementerats direkt (bilagor 5 abc)Utblick på hur miljöpåverkan utvecklats till år 2030 utan havsplan (bilagor 6 abc)
|
|
41. |
- Hieronymus, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Oceanic Overturning and Heat Transport : The Role of Background Diffusivity
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Climate. - 0894-8755 .- 1520-0442. ; 32:3, s. 701-716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of oceanic background diapycnal diffusion for the equilibrium climate state is investigated in the global coupled climate model CM2G. Special emphasis is put on the oceanic meridional overturning and heat transport. Six runs with the model, differing only by their value of the background diffusivity, are run to steady state and the statistically steady integrations are compared. The diffusivity changes have large-scale impacts on many aspects of the climate system. Two examples are the volume-mean potential temperature, which increases by 3.6 degrees C between the least and most diffusive runs, and the Antarctic sea ice extent, which decreases rapidly as the diffusivity increases. The overturning scaling with diffusivity is found to agree rather well with classical theoretical results for the upper but not for the lower cell. An alternative empirical scaling with the mixing energy is found to give good results for both cells. The oceanic meridional heat transport increases strongly with the diffusivity, an increase that can only partly be explained by increases in the meridional overturning. The increasing poleward oceanic heat transport is accompanied by a decrease in its atmospheric counterpart, which keeps the increase in the planetary energy transport small compared to that in the ocean.
|
|
42. |
|
|
43. |
- Johansson, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
-
Human immunoglobulin class and subclass specificity of Fc receptors induced by herpes simplex virus type 1
- 1984
-
Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - 1098-5514. ; 50:3, s. 796-804
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herpes simplex virus is known to induce an immunoglobulin-binding cell surface receptor in infected cells that utilizes a nonimmune mechanism. In the present paper, we report the immunoglobulin class and subclass specificity of this receptor. Of the human immunoglobulins G(IgG), IgA, IgM, and IgD, as well as the structurally related beta2 microglobulin, only IgG and its Fc portion exhibited an increased binding to herpes simplex virus-infected cells versus uninfected control cells. The IgG subclass specificity of the Fc receptor was studied in 37 radioiodinated IgG myeloma proteins representing all four subclasses. We found that IgG3 myeloma proteins did not bind to herpes simplex virus-infected cells to a greater extent than to uninfected cells. On the contrary, proteins belonging to the other subclasses exhibited an increased binding to herpes simplex virus-infected cells of the following relative magnitude: IgG4 greater than IgG1 greater than or equal to IgG2. This increment of binding could be abolished by addition of a large excess of human IgG Fc fragment. Evidence for the existence of a variable herpes simplex virus-specific binding ability between myeloma proteins belonging to the same IgG subclass was also obtained. Furthermore, we tested two other herpes simplex virus type 1 strains with a limited number of myeloma proteins with very similar results as with the herpes simplex virus type 1 F strain. Several sources of experimental artefacts were controlled, including the state of aggregation of the test proteins, the functional integrity of the Fc portion before and after radioiodination, and the subclass assignments. The implications for the biological role of the Fc receptor of herpes simplex virus are discussed.
|
|
44. |
|
|
45. |
- Korman, Matus, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Overview of Enterprise Information Needs in Information Security Risk Assessment
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International EDOC Conference (EDOC 2014).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methods for risk assessment in information security suggest users to collect and consider sets of input information, often notably different, both in type and size. To explore these differences, this study compares twelve established methods on how their input suggestions map to the concepts of ArchiMate, a widely used modeling language for enterprise architecture. Hereby, the study also tests the extent, to which ArchiMate accommodates the information suggested by the methods (e.g., for the use of ArchiMate models as a source of information for risk assessment). Results of this study show how the methods differ in suggesting input information in quantity, as well as in the coverage of the ArchiMate structure. Although the translation between ArchiMate and the methods’ input suggestions is not perfect, our results indicate that ArchiMate is capable of modeling fair portions of the information needed for the methods for information security risk assessment, which makes ArchiMate models a promising source of guidance for performing risk assessments.
|
|
46. |
- Lindberg, Staffan, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
A convergent uptake route for peptide- and polymer-based nucleotide delivery systems
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Controlled Release. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-3659 .- 1873-4995. ; 206, s. 58-66
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been used as vehicles to deliver various cargos into cells and are promising as tools to deliver therapeutic biomolecules such as oligonucleotides both in vitro and in vivo. CPPs are positively charged and it is believed that CPPs deliver their cargo in a receptor-independent manner by interactingwith the negatively charged plasmamembrane and thereby inducing endocytosis. In this study we examine the mechanism of uptake of several different, well known, CPPs that form complexes with oligonucleotides.We show that these CPP:oligonucleotide complexes are negatively charged in transfection-media and their uptake is mediated by class A scavenger receptors (SCARA). These receptors are known to promiscuously bind to, and mediate uptake of poly-anionic macromolecules. Uptake of CPP:oligonucleotide complexes was abolished using pharmacological SCARA inhibitors as well as siRNA-mediated knockdown of SCARA. Additionally, uptake of CPP:oligonucleotide was significantly increased by transiently overexpressing SCARA. Furthermore, SCARA inhibitors also blocked internalization of cationic polymer:oligonucleotide complexes.Our results demonstrate that the previous held belief that CPPs act receptor independently does not hold true for CPP:oligonucleotide complexes, as scavenger receptor class A (SCARA) mediates the uptake of all the examined CPP:oligonucleotide complexes in this study.
|
|
47. |
|
|
48. |
- Lindh, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Cardiovascular event rates in a high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk population : estimates from Swedish population-based register data
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 2058-5225 .- 2058-1742. ; 5:3, s. 225-232
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This study aimed to estimate the rate of cardiovascular (CV) events in the real world in patients at high risk of recurrent CV events similar to the FOURIER trial population.Methods and results: A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using Swedish national registers from 1 July 2001 to 31 December 2015. Patients in the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevalent cohort met the FOURIER-like inclusion criteria, including treatment with high/moderate-intensity statins, on 1 July 2006. Additionally, two cohorts defined by diagnosis of incident ischaemic stroke (IS) and incident myocardial infarction (MI), meeting the FOURIER-like inclusion criteria were followed from date of diagnosis. Event rates were calculated for the hard major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) composite: MI, IS, and CV death; and the ASCVD composite: MI, IS, unstable angina, coronary revascularization, and CV death. Approximately half of patients experienced a CV event (ASCVD composite) during follow-up. The MACE composite rates/100 person-years were 6.3, 11.9, and 12.3 in the ASCVD prevalent (n = 54 992), MI incident (n = 45 895), and IS incident (n = 36 134) cohorts, respectively. The ASCVD composite rates/100 person-years were 7.0, 21.7, and 12.9 in the ASCVD prevalent, MI incident, and IS incident cohorts, respectively. The multiple-event MACE composite rates/100 person-years were 8.5 (ASCVD prevalent cohort), 15.4 (MI incident cohort), and 14.4 (IS incident cohort).Conclusion: In this real-world setting, CV event rates were high in all studied cohorts. In particular, the MACE composite rates were two to three times higher than in the FOURIER clinical trial, indicating a substantial disease burden despite treatment with moderate or high-intensity statins.
|
|
49. |
- Löf, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
An Approach to Network Security Assessment based on Probalistic Relational Models
- 2010
-
Ingår i: First Workshop on Secure Control Systems (SCS-1).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To assist rational decision making regarding network security improvements, decision makers need to be able to assess weaknesses in existing or potential new systems. This paper presents a model based assessment framework for analyzing the network security provided by different architectural scenarios. The framework uses a probabilistic relational model to express attack paths and related countermeasures. In this paper, it is demonstrated that this method can be used to support analysis based on architectural models. The approach allows calculating the probability that attacks will succeed given the instantiated architectural scenario. Moreover, the framework is scalable and can handle the uncertainties that accompany an analysis. The method has been applied in a case study of a military network.
|
|
50. |
- Magnusson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Enzymatic conversion of dynorphin A in the rat brain is affected by administration of nandrolone decanoate
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Peptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 0196-9781 .- 1873-5169. ; 28:4, s. 851-858
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The misuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) seems to produce profound effects on the central nervous system, leading to aggressive behavior and increased sensitivity to other drugs of abuse. The present study addresses the effect on the enzymatic transformation, here called dynorphin converting enzyme-like activity. The formation of the mu/delta opioid peptide receptor-preferring Leu-enkephalin-Arg6 from the kappa opioid peptide receptor-preferring dynorphin A was measured in rats treated with nandrolone decanoate. Significant variations in enzymatic transformation were observed in several brain regions. An altered receptor activation profile in these regions may be one contributory factor behind AAS-induced personality changes.
|
|