| 1. |
- Ekmark-Lewén, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Diffuse traumatic axonal injury in mice induces complex behavioural alterations that are normalized by neutralization of interleukin-1β
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 0953-816X .- 1460-9568. ; 43:8, s. 1016-1033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Widespread traumatic axonal injury (TAI) results in brain network dysfunction, which commonly leads to persisting cognitive and behavioural impairments following traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI induces a complex neuroinflammatory response, frequently located at sites of axonal pathology. The role of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 has not been established in TAI. An IL-1-neutralizing or a control antibody was administered intraperitoneally at 30min following central fluid percussion injury (cFPI), a mouse model of widespread TAI. Mice subjected to moderate cFPI (n=41) were compared with sham-injured controls (n=20) and untreated, naive mice (n=9). The anti-IL-1 antibody reached the target brain regions in adequate therapeutic concentrations (up to similar to 30g/brain tissue) at 24h post-injury in both cFPI (n=5) and sham-injured (n=3) mice, with lower concentrations at 72h post-injury (up to similar to 18g/g brain tissue in three cFPI mice). Functional outcome was analysed with the multivariate concentric square field (MCSF) test at 2 and 9days post-injury, and the Morris water maze (MWM) at 14-21days post-injury. Following TAI, the IL-1-neutralizing antibody resulted in an improved behavioural outcome, including normalized behavioural profiles in the MCSF test. The performance in the MWM probe (memory) trial was improved, although not in the learning trials. The IL-1-neutralizing treatment did not influence cerebral ventricle size or the number of microglia/macrophages. These findings support the hypothesis that IL-1 is an important contributor to the processes causing complex cognitive and behavioural disturbances following TAI.
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| 2. |
- Hanell, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Functional and Histological Outcome after Focal Traumatic Brain Injury Is Not Improved in Conditional EphA4 Knockout Mice
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurotrauma. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 0897-7151 .- 1557-9042. ; 29:17, s. 2660-2671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the role of the axon guidance molecule EphA4 following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. Neutralization of EphA4 improved motor function and axonal regeneration following experimental spinal cord injury (SCI). We hypothesized that genetic absence of EphA4 could improve functional and histological outcome following TBI. Using qRT-PCR in wild-type (WT) mice, we evaluated the EphA4 mRNA levels following controlled cortical impact (CCI) TBI or sham injury and found it to be downregulated in the hippocampus (p < 0.05) but not the cortex ipsilateral to the injury at 24 h post-injury. Next, we evaluated the behavioral and histological outcome following CCI using WT mice and Emx1-Cre-driven conditional knockout (cKO) mice. In cKO mice, EphA4 was completely absent in the hippocampus and markedly reduced in the cortical regions from embryonic day 16, which was confirmed using Western blot analysis. EphA4 cKO mice had similar learning and memory abilities at 3 weeks post-TBI compared to WT controls, although brain-injured animals performed worse than sham-injured controls (p < 0.05). EphA4 cKO mice performed similarly to WT mice in the rotarod and cylinder tests of motor function up to 29 days post-injury. TBI increased cortical and hippocampal astrocytosis (GFAP immunohistochemistry, p < 0.05) and hippocampal sprouting (Timm stain, p < 0.05) and induced a marked loss of hemispheric tissue (p < 0.05). EphA4 cKO did not alter the histological outcome. Although our results may argue against a beneficial role for EphA4 in the recovery process following TBI, further studies including post-injury pharmacological neutralization of EphA4 are needed to define the role for EphA4 following TBI.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hanell, Linnea, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Här är årets nyordsdos
- 2022
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Ingår i: Språktidningen. - 1654-5028. ; :1
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
- Hanell, Linnea, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Orden som gjorde raketkarriär!
- 2023
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Ingår i: Språktidningen. - 1654-5028. ; :1
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6. |
- Hanell, Linnea, 1986-
(författare)
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The Knowledgeable Parent : Ideologies of Communication in Swedish Health Discourse
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores the communication of health knowledge among new parents in Sweden. Based on three separate studies, the thesis employs a selection of theoretical concepts and methodological approaches, mainly originating from mediated discourse analysis and linguistic anthropology. Study 1 takes a broad view on the object and asks how knowledge circulates and emerges in a particular arena for parental knowledge. Drawing on nine months of online fieldwork on a discussion forum thread for expectant parents, the study shows that communication of knowledge is engendered by entextualizations and recenterings of previous experiences, including encounters with discourse. This fact challenges categorical conceptions that construct some sources of health knowledge as trustworthy and others as unreliable, and thus, potentially harmful. Study 2 narrows the focus to professionals typically perceived as producers of parental health knowledge, namely, midwives who give prenatal education classes. Drawing on a dataset comprising observations of classes as well as interviews with midwives, the study throws analytical light on anticipatory discourse, that is, discourse designed to dictate and influence the future, and elucidates some of the ways in which midwives prepare the participants for their upcoming delivery by discursively constructing links to these future events. Study 3, finally, takes the perspective of a single individual in whose life several forms of communicated parental knowledge converge as she becomes a mother. The study focuses on a period during which this individual struggles with breastfeeding problems. A combination of the notions of interdiscursivity and the historical body is here employed to grasp this experience as shaped in relation to discourse regarding child care and health. Looking at narrative data through this lens, the study shows how this individual connects failure to follow official breastfeeding recommendations to failure to perform child care in an appropriate way. At heart, the study makes a case for the moral loading of health knowledge and cautions against the assumption that authoritative medical knowledge is the only means for taking action that a new mother might need. In conclusion, the present thesis utilizes a combination of theoretical and methodological tools from MDA and linguistic anthropology to enable a discourse analysis of health communication that privileges a view of language in use as accumulating vis-à-vis engendering meaning over time and in relation to social action. Invoking the notion of ideologies of communication, it demonstrates that parents’ knowledge about their children’s health is a non-neutral issue, and that instrumental aspects of parental health knowledge can never be isolated from moral ideas regarding how particular parenting practices are to be carried out. At the same time, the thesis points out that while representatives of institutions of the welfare state may produce messages to communicate health knowledge, the knowledge obtained by individuals is the product of myriad discursive encounters and other experiences, of which the discourse produced by representatives of state institutions constitutes only one share.
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| 7. |
- Hanell, Linnea, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Vi slår på trumman för årets nyord!
- 2024
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Ingår i: Språktidningen. - 1654-5028. ; :1, s. 14-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
- Jadid, Kayvan Dehlaghi, et al.
(författare)
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COX-2 inhibition by diclofenac is associated with decreased apoptosis and lesion area after experimental focal penetrating traumatic brain injury in rats
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Neurology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-2295. ; 10:July
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is followed by a secondary inflammation in the brain. The inflammatory response includes prostanoid synthesis by the inducible enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Inhibition of COX-2 is associated with improved functional outcome in experimental TBI models, although central nervous system-specific effects are not fully understood. Animal studies report better outcomes in females than males. The exact mechanisms for this gender dichotomy remain unknown. In an initial study we reported increased COX-2 expression in male rats, compared to female, following experimental TBI. It is possible that COX-2 induction is directly associated with increased cell death after TBI. Therefore, we designed a sequential study to investigate the blocking of COX-2 specifically, using the established COX-2 inhibitor diclofenac. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 250 and 350 g were exposed to focal penetrating TBI and randomly selected for diclofenac treatment (5 ?g intralesionally, immediately following TBI) (n = 8), controls (n = 8), sham operation (n = 8), and normal (no manipulation) (n = 4). After 24 h, brains were removed, fresh frozen, cut into 14?m coronal sections and subjected to COX-2 immunofluorescence, Fluoro Jade, TUNEL, and lesion area analyses. Diclofenac treatment decreased TUNEL staining indicative of apoptosis with a mean change of 54% (p 0.05) and lesion area with a mean change of 55% (p 0.005). Neuronal degeneration measured by Fluoro Jade and COX-2 protein expression levels were not affected. In conclusion, COX-2 inhibition by diclofenac was associated with decreased apoptosis and lesion area after focal penetrating TBI and may be of interest for further studies of clinical applications.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Melander, Ida, 1991-
(författare)
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Att göra sin röst hörd : Sjukdomsförhandlande diskurser, genrer och berättelser om endometrios
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main purpose of this thesis is to describe how situated health-related meaning-making about endometriosis is accomplished in three different health-related contexts. Health communication is ever relevant; throughout history, people have become ill, thought about their health and, in many cases, sought care. It is also a shifting practice, in the sense that it changes over time. This thesis explores health communication and negotiations of health and illness in three patient-oriented, alternative and new settings: knowledge negotiations in online discussion forums, seeking care through so-called ‘self-referrals’, and multimodal illness narratives.Specifically, meaning-making about endometriosis is explored. Endometriosis is a chronic condition which, despite its high prevalence, is still relatively unknown, both in society at large and in actual healthcare encounters. This makes the disease a good example to highlight texts and interaction as health communication.The thesis combines a discourse analytical and social semiotic framework, which entails a focus on knowledge, power and available resources for communicating about a disease. In the first study, discussion forum threads dealing with endometriosis are analyzed, showing how illness is negotiated by means of personal and particular experiences. In the second study, self-referrals written for specialist care are explored as an emergent genre, specifically highlighting the resources used to argue for care, as well as patients’ experiences of seeking care in this way. Finally, the third study analyzes illness narratives on Instagram, showing how illness is narrated on a specific platform, within a specific community.Collectively, the three studies shine a light on different ways of participating in health-related settings, and how this is tied to expertise, personal experience, and patient agency. The thesis also contributes to our understanding of how illness communities are formed: the typical patient emerging is active and knowledgeable, fights for care and endures being questioned by a poor quality healthcare service.
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