| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, et al.
(author)
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The genetic history of Scandinavia from the Roman Iron Age to the present
- 2023
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In: Cell. - : Elsevier. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 186:1, s. 32-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate a 2,000-year genetic transect through Scandinavia spanning the Iron Age to the present, based on 48 new and 249 published ancient genomes and genotypes from 16,638 modern individuals. We find regional variation in the timing and magnitude of gene flow from three sources: the eastern Baltic, the British-Irish Isles, and southern Europe. British-Irish ancestry was widespread in Scandinavia from the Viking period, whereas eastern Baltic ancestry is more localized to Gotland and central Sweden. In some regions, a drop in current levels of external ancestry suggests that ancient immigrants contributed proportionately less to the modern Scandinavian gene pool than indicated by the ancestry of genomes from the Viking and Medieval periods. Finally, we show that a north-south genetic cline that characterizes modern Scandinavians is mainly due to the differential levels of Uralic ancestry and that this cline existed in the Viking Age and possibly earlier.
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| 3. |
- Egeberg, Alexander, et al.
(author)
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Real-world dose adjustments of biologic treatments in psoriasis and their economic impact : a Swedish national population study
- 2022
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In: Clincal and Experimental Dermatology. - : Wiley. - 0307-6938 .- 1365-2230. ; 47:11, s. 1968-1975
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background To date, evidence on the dose adjustments of biologics in the real-world treatment of psoriasis is limited. However, dose adjustments may have important clinical and economic implications. Aims To study the dose adjustments of individual biologics over time in real-world practice in Sweden. Methods A retrospective observational study of adults with moderate to severe psoriasis was conducted based on Swedish national registry data from 2010 to 2018. Treatment episodes were identified for individual patients from the date of drug dispensation to the end of the supply of the drug. Dosing data were expressed as the proportion of treatment episodes with accumulated syringes/vials equal to, above or below the recommended guidelines. Real-world costs were calculated and compared with costs predicted from dosing guidelines. Results The mean dose was above recommended levels for all biologics investigated. Weighted mean dose adjustments for adalimumab, etanercept, secukinumab and ustekinumab were 13%, 23%, 8% and 3%, respectively, over the entire treatment period. Higher doses translate to higher costs, including notable increases over time vs. expected costs for secukinumab. Conclusions Dose adjustments of biologics are frequent in clinical practice but differ for the various biologics. The mean observed increases in dose above guideline recommendations might indicate perceptions of suboptimal efficacy for biologics, with implications for the cost and cost-effectiveness of these treatments. Further research is warranted to understand the reasons for dose adjustments in clinical practice.
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| 4. |
- Ekström, Magnus Pär, et al.
(author)
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The association of body mass index, weight gain and central obesity with activity-related breathlessness : the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study
- 2019
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In: Thorax. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0040-6376 .- 1468-3296. ; 74:10, s. 958-964
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Breathlessness is common in the population, especially in women and associated with adverse health outcomes. Obesity (body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m(2)) is rapidly increasing globally and its impact on breathlessness is unclear.Methods: This population-based study aimed primarily to evaluate the association of current BMI and self-reported change in BMI since age 20 with breathlessness (modified Research Council score >= 1) in the middle-aged population. Secondary aims were to evaluate factors that contribute to breathlessness in obesity, including the interaction with spirometric lung volume and sex.Results: We included 13 437 individuals; mean age 57.5 years; 52.5% women; mean BMI 26.8 (SD 4.3); mean BMI increase since age 20 was 5.0 kg/m(2); and 1283 (9.6%) reported breathlessness. Obesity was strongly associated with increased breathlessness, OR 3.54 (95% CI, 3.03 to 4.13) independent of age, sex, smoking, airflow obstruction, exercise level and the presence of comorbidities. The association between BMI and breathlessness was modified by lung volume; the increase in breathlessness prevalence with higher BMI was steeper for individuals with lower forced vital capacity (FVC). The higher breathlessness prevalence in obese women than men (27.4% vs 12.5%; p<0.001) was related to their lower FVC. Irrespective of current BMI and confounders, individuals who had increased in BMI since age 20 had more breathlessness.Conclusion: Breathlessness is independently associated with obesity and with weight gain in adult life, and the association is stronger for individuals with lower lung volumes.
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| 5. |
- Gatchell, Michael, et al.
(author)
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Commissioning of the DESIREE storage rings - a new facility for cold ion-ion collisions
- 2014
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In: XXVIII International Conference on Photonic, Electronic and Atomic Collisions (ICPEAC 2013). - : Institute of Physics (IOP). ; 488:1
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the ongoing commissioning of the Double ElectroStatic Ion Ring ExpEriment, DESIREE, at Stockholm University. Beams of atomic carbon anions (C-) and smaller carbon anion molecules (C-2(-), C-3(-), C-4(-) etc.) have been produced in a sputter ion source, accelerated to 10 keV or 20 keV, and stored successfully in the two electrostatic rings. The rings are enclosed in a common vacuum chamber cooled to below 13 Kelvin. The DESIREE facility allows for studies of internally relaxed single isolated atomic, molecular and cluster ions and for collision experiments between cat-and anions down to very low center-of-mass collision energies (meV scale). The total thermal load of the vacuum chamber at this temperature is measured to be 32 W. The decay rates of stored ion beams have two components: a non-exponential component caused by the space charge of the beam itself which dominates at early times and an exponential term from the neutralization of the beam in collisions with residual gas at later times. The residual gas limited storage lifetime of carbon anions in the symmetric ring is over seven minutes while the 1/e lifetime in the asymmetric ring is measured to be about 30 seconds. Although we aim to improve the storage in the second ring, the number of stored ions are now sufficient for many merged beams experiments with positive and negative ions requiring milliseconds to seconds ion storage.
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| 6. |
- Hansen, Karin B., et al.
(author)
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Flocked nasal swab versus nasopharyngeal aspirate in adult emergency room patients: similar multiplex PCR respiratory pathogen results and patient discomfort
- 2016
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In: Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 48:3, s. 246-250
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fifty adult emergency room patients with symptoms of respiratory tract infections or acute onset of extreme fatigue were sampled by both nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) and flocked nasal swab (fNS). Respiratory agents were detected by a qualitative influenza PCR and an 18-valent multiplex PCR in 20 of 29 patients with a clinical diagnosis of respiratory tract infection, and in 3 of 21 without such a diagnosis. PCR detected influenza A and B in NPA samples from 11 patients and in fNS samples from 10 patients. Little or no discomfort was perceived by 60% of the patients when sampled by NPA and by 66% when sampled by fNS. We conclude that NPA and fNS were equally sensitive for detection of respiratory agents by multiplex PCR, and the two sampling methods did not differ significantly regarding discomfort perceived by patients (p=0.171, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Hence less invasive sampling by fNS might be preferable in certain settings and situations.
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| 7. |
- Hansen, Lars, 1960
(author)
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Arbete och Teknik
- 2009
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In: Arbetslivet, Tomas Berglund & Stefan Schedin (red). - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144054438 ; , s. 167-198
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 11. |
- Hansen, Lars, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Från forskningsprojekt till kvalitetsverktyg : en professions- och organisationsstudie av de nationella medicinska kvalitetsregistren
- 2004
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med denna studie var att granska ett specifikt kvalitetsinstrument, Nationella medicinska kvalitetsregister, i förhållande till kvalitetsstyrning (TQM) i hälso- och sjukvården. Vi har studerat hur registren startats och utvecklats, vilka aktörer som har varit centrala för dess utveckling, och hur det har påverkat eller kan komma att påverka den medicinska professionen. Studien är en del i projektet ”Tredje vågen av New Public Management: kvalitetsstyrning och professionell autonomi” som har bedrivits på Arbetslivsinstitutet under perioden 2002 till 2004. Projektet har finansierats av Forskningsrådet för arbetsliv och socialvetenskap (FAS). Kvalitetsregistren har utvecklats från att ha varit av intresse enbart för de berörda forskarna till en verksamhet med allt fler intressenter. Både politiker och tjänstemän uppmärksammar i dag registren och deras möjliga användningsområden. I det sammanhanget har Socialstyrelsen varit en viktig aktör. SoS föreskrifter om uppföljning av verksamhetens kvalitetsarbete förutsätter att jämförelser kan ske både över tid och mellan landsting och organisatoriska enheter, vilket gör registren intressanta ur kontroll- och uppföljningsperspektiv. De två första forskningsfrågorna om registrens ursprung och centrala aktörer har behandlats mer utförligt, medan den tredje om påverkan på professionen har varit mer svårfångad. Detta har medfört en viss försiktighet i analysen, som mer handlat om möjliga konsekvenser för läkarnas autonomi än vad som faktiskt har hänt. Det är uppenbart att registren skulle kunna användas till både tillsyn och kontroll från huvudmännens sida, men än så länge handlar detta mer om möjligheter än realiteter. Varje register består av ett antal variabler som ses som centrala för förståelsen och behandlingen av en viss sjukdom. Att kunna kontrollera vilka variabler som skall ingå i ett register och vilken status de skall ha i förhållande till varandra har ofrånkomligen effekter på kontrollen över arbetsprocessen. Ytterst gäller det rätten att definiera de enskilda läkarnas handlingsutrymme i det kliniska arbetet. Analyser av resultat från registren kan i förlängningen innebära att diagnos och behandling blir mer reglerat och förutsägbart. En sådan förutsägbarhet innebär dels att vissa arbetsuppgifter kan öppnas upp för konkurrens från angränsande professioner, dels att den enskilde professionelle yrkesutövarens handlingsdomän begränsas. Här finns således den direkta kopplingen mellan kvalitetsregistren och professionens autonomi. Ökad reglering av professionellt arbete kan betecknas som byråkratisering eller avmystifiering beroende på perspektivet. I kvalitetsstyrning betonas kundorientering och mätbarhet. Registrens ökade öppenhet, ökade standardisering och inkluderande av variabler som bygger på patienternas upplevelser av vården innebär ett närmande till kvalitetsstyrningens principer att låta kundernas krav och förväntningar definiera kvaliteten på produkten. Sammanfattningsvis kan man säga att denna studie har visat att kvalitetsstyrningens ideal har påverkat läkarprofessionens egna kvalitetsverktyg, men att de direkta konsekvenserna av det för läkarprofessionen inte ännu kan skönjas.
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| 12. |
- Hansen, Lars, 1960
(author)
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Företagsledning och kvalitetssystem inom svensk industri
- 1997
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In: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. ; 3, s. 263-276
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Kvalitetssystemet ISO 9000 har på senare år nått mycket stor spridning inom den svenska industrin. Att så har skett hänger intimt samman med en ökad fokusering på kvalitet över huvud taget där kvalitetsbegreppet har fått en delvis ny betydelse. I denna artikel beskriver Lars Hansen uppkomsten av det internationella kvalitetssystemet ISO 9000, dess innehåll och användning. Detta kopplas samman med utvecklingen av nya ledningsstrategier inom svensk industri. Den övergripande slusatsen är att införandet av ISO 9000 passar väl samman med de ingående elementen i den nya företagsledningsstrategin.
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| 13. |
- Hansen, Lars, 1960
(author)
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Inledning
- 1997
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In: Sociologi i tiden. Bakgrund, utveckling, framtid. - Göteborg : Daidalos. - 9171730907
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hansen, Lars, 1960
(author)
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Occupational changes and education
- 2003
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In: Post-industrial Labour Markets. Profiles of North America and Scandinavia, edited by Thomas P. Boje and Bengt Furåker. - London : Routledge. - 0415218098 ; , s. 147-168
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Hansen, Lars, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Svensk yrkesstruktur och yrkesklassificering över tid
- 2003
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In: Reflektioner. Perspektiv i forskning om arbetsliv och arbetsmarknad, Marianne Blomsterberg & Tiiu Soidre (red). - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. ; , s. 45-68
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Hartman, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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First storage of ion beams in the Double Electrostatic Ion-Ring Experiment : DESIREE
- 2013
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In: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 84:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the first storage of ion beams in the Double ElectroStatic Ion Ring ExpEriment, DESIREE, at Stockholm University. We have produced beams of atomic carbon anions and small carbon anion molecules (Cn-, n = 1, 2, 3, 4) in a sputter ion source. The ion beams were accelerated to 10 keV kinetic energy and stored in an electrostatic ion storage ring enclosed in a vacuum chamber at 13 K. For 10 keV C2- molecular anions we measure the residual-gas limited beam storage lifetime to be 448 s +/- 18 s with two independent detector systems. Using the measured storage lifetimes we estimate that the residual gas pressure is in the 10-14 mbar range. When high current ion beams are injected, the number of stored particles does not follow a single exponential decay law as would be expected for stored particles lost solely due to electron detachment in collision with the residual-gas. Instead, we observe a faster initial decay rate, which we ascribe to the effect of the space charge of the ion beam on the storage capacity.
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| 21. |
- Magnusson, Johan, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Theatre of creation : industry analysts as propagators of information technology frameworks
- 2012
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In: ECIS 2012 Proceedings. ; 20
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Industry analysts have received an increase in attention within information systems research during the past few years. Acknowledged as propagators in the diffusion of information technology (IT) innovations, they provide their clients and the neighboring industry-community with definitions, tools and frameworks intended to aid both managerial decision-making and operations. They have been described as “promissory organization”, building revenue through selling future-oriented promises and expectations. At the same time, they are producers of artefacts with a performative affect, changing the way in which decisions are made and operations are organized. This paper addresses the research question how industry analysts propagate IT frameworks. This is answered through an ethnographic study conducted at one of the largest annual gatherings of industry analysts and industry leaders in 2011. The story that unfolds highlights aspects of cocreation taking place in one studied session, introducing a new perspective on the propagation of IT frameworks, as well as the need for further studies of industry analyst gatherings.
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| 22. |
- Thomas, Richard D., et al.
(author)
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DESIREE : Physics with cold stored ion beams
- 2015
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In: DR2013. - : EDP Sciences. ; 84, s. 01004-01004
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Here we will briefly describe the commissioning of the Double ElectroStatic Ion Ring ExpEriment (DESIREE) facility at Stockholm University, Sweden. This device uses purely electrostatic focussing and deflection elements and allows ion beams of opposite charge to be confined under extreme high vacuum and cryogenic conditions in separate rings and then merged over a common straight section. This apparatus allows for studies of interactions between cations and anions at very low and well-defined centre-of-mass energies (down to a few meV) and at very low internal temperatures (down to a few K).
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